The Marxists Internet Archive (also known as MIA or Marxists.org) is a volunteer based non-profit organization that maintains an multi-lingual Internet An archive is a collection of records, charters and other documents belonging to any state, community or family, and the building(s) its kept in. These documents are normally unpublished records instead of books and periodical publications. A library can be seen as a sort of archive (as can... archive of Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. Marx drew on Hegels philosophy, the political economy of Adam Smith, Ricardian economics, and 19th century French socialism to develop a critique... Marxists writers and other similar writers ( For information on mainstream political parties using the term Socialist, see Social democracy and Democratic socialism, For the governments of the USSR, the PRC, and others, see: Communist state, Other variants of Socialism include Marxism, Communism, and Libertarian Socialism. Most forms of Anarchism began as branches of the socialist movement... Socialists, etc.) on the website http://www.marxists.org.

Early beginnings

The archive started life in 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1990 in video gaming January January 3 - Former leader of Panama Manuel Noriega surrenders to American forces. January 7 - The Leaning Tower of Pisa is closed to the public due to safety concerns. January 9 - Lt Gen... 1990 when a worker known only by his Internet nickname, Zodiac, started archiving Marxism by transcribing the works of Karl Marx Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818 – March 14, 1883) was an influential German philosopher, political economist, and a revolutionary. Marx was not only a social and political theorist, but was also active as an organizer of the revolutionary International Workingmens Association. Although Marx addressed a wide... Marx and The term Engels could refer to more than one thing: Friedrich Engels, German socialist Engels, Russia, formerly known as Pokrovsk This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. If an article link referred you here, you might want... Engels into An e-text (from electronic text; sometimes written as etext) is, generally, any textual information that is available in a digitally encoded human-readable format and read by electronic means, but more specifically it refers to files in the ASCII text file format. E-text has the broad meaning of... e-text. In 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003) Events January January 1 - Czechoslovakia divides. Establishment of independent Slovakia and Czech Republic. January 3 - In Moscow, George H. W. Bush and... 1993 the accumulated text was posted on a website for the first time. Volunteers joined and helped spread and mirror the main archive. The main website and it’s mirrors were on academic servers and by 1995 almost every university closed down the mirrors.

By 1996 is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. Events Environmental change The invasive species Asian long-horned beetle is found in New York January 7 - One of the worst blizzards in American history hits eastern... 1996 the website, marx.org, was hosted on a commercial An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a business or organization that offers users access to the Internet and related services. Most telecommunications operators are ISPs. They provide services like internet transit, domain name registration and hosting, dial-up access, leased line access and colocation. Generally, an ISP charges a monthly... ISP. This was followed by an increase activity by the volunteers. In the years that followed a conflict developed between the volunteers working on the website and Zodiac, who retained control of the project, this resulted in a split.

In July 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. Events January January 1998 - A massive ice storm, caused by El Niño, strikes New England, southern Ontario and Quebec, resulting in widespread power failures, severe damage to... 1998 The Marxists Internet Archive (marxists.org) was created. Followed were an increase activity and an enlargement of the scope of the archive.[1]  (http://www.marxists.org/admin/intro/history/index.htm)

Organization

The website, and the group of volunteers working on it, has dramatically changed since its early beginnings. Now the Marxists Internet Archive is a recognized A repository is a central place where data is stored and maintained. A repository can be a place where multiple databases or files are located for distribution over a network, or a repository can be a location that is directly accessible to the user without having to travel across a... repository for Marxists and non-Marxists writers.

Management

The MIA is controlled by a steering A committee comprises a mechanism of bureaucracy or of proto-bureaucracy whereby a limited number of people receive delegated functions of government or administration. Committees, both permanent and ad hoc, appear both in representative democracies and in non-democratic structures. They may bear grandiose titles such as Commission, Board, Presidium... committee. The Committee decides issues such as the categorization of writers, modifications to the A Bylaw (sometimes also seen as By-Law or ByLaw) is a rule governing the internal management of an organization, such as a business corporation. Bylaws cannot countermand governmental law. In a business situation, bylaws are drafted by a corporations founders or directors under the authority of its Charter... bylaws (by 3/4 majority), financial issues of all kinds, and similar matters.

Administrators, are volunteers who assume additional responsibilities over certain section(s) of MIA.[2]  (http://www.marxists.org/admin/legal/bylaws.htm)

Legal Status

The MIA is a A non-profit organization (often called non-profit org or simply non-profit or not-for-profit) can be seen as an organization that doesnt have a goal to make a profit. It may be entirely funded by voluntary donations. Structure It may be a formal incorporated not-for... non-profit, 501(c)(3) organization.

Copyright

According the MIA Alternate use, see charter airline or bare-boat charter. A charter is a document bestowing certain rights on a town, city, university or institution. Charters were issued in medieval times by Royal decree, perhaps giving a particular town the right to hold a weekly market, or to levy a toll... charter, it will always be 100% free. All the material is made available under the GFDL redirects here. For other meanings of the term, please see GFDL (disambiguation) GNU logo The GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) is a copyleft license for free content, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU project. The current state of the license is version 1.2, the... GNU Free Documentation License.[3]  (http://www.marxists.org/admin/legal/charter.htm)

Continuity of the archive

Several A mirror in computing is a direct copy of a data set. On the Internet, a mirror site is an exact copy of another Internet site (often a web site). Mirror sites are most commonly used to provide multiple sources of the same information, and are of particular value as... mirrors exist of the website, a CD re-directs here; see Cd for other meanings of CD. Image of a compact disc (pencil included for scale) A compact disc (or CD) is an optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio. A standard compact disc, often known as an audio CD... CD archive (containing the material on the website) is also sold and distributed. These measures are not only meant for easy access to the material in the archive but also as way of insuring the continuity of the archive. As they put it: “If the Archive is shut down by a publishing conglomerate or the government, having this information widely dispersed around the world, essentially untraceable, with the content entirely intact, is a great thing.”[4]  (http://www.marxists.org/admin/cd/index.htm)

Archive style

All material on the website are marked with In computing, HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language designed for the creation of web pages and other information viewable in a browser. The focus of HTML is on the presentation of information—paragraphs, fonts, italics, tables, and so forth—rather than the semantics—what the... HTML, the style of the documents is determined with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a computer language used to describe the presentation of a structured document written in HTML, XHTML or XML. The CSS specification is maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Overview CSS is used by both authors and readers of web pages to define colors... CSS. The Markup refers to the use of a markup language to describe the structure and appearance of a particular document. Certain symbols are placed in a plain-text environment and are interpreted by a program (such as a web browser, Macromedia Dreamweaver, Microsoft Frontpage or Microsoft Word) or by a compiler... markup and style of the archive varies from one section to the other, depending on the volunteer who work there, but all are built on a common a basic document template.

Division of the archive

Although the website is called the Marxists Internet Archive, it has grown the limits of that name and now has several sections:

Marxist Writers

This section contains all Marxist writers from Marx and Engels onward. Most notable writers beside Marx and Engels are Vladimir Ilyich Lenin ( Russian: Влади́мир Ильи́ч Ле́нин  listen?), original surname Ulyanov (Улья́нов) ( April 22 (April 10 ( O.S.)), 1870 – January 21, 1924), was... Lenin, 1915 passport photo of Trotsky Leon Davidovich Trotsky (Russian: Лев Давидович Троцкий; also transliterated Trotskii, Trotski, Trotzky) (October 26 (O.S.) = November 7 (N.S.), 1879 - August 21, 1940), born Lev Davidovich Bronstein (Л... Trotsky, Rosa Luxemburg (March 5, 1870 or 1871 - January 15, 1919, in Polish language Róża Luksemburg) was a Polish and German Jewish Marxist politician, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary. She was a social democratic theorist of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, and later the Independent Social Democratic Party of... Rosa Luxemburg and Che Guevara Dr. Ernesto Rafael Guevara de la Serna ( June 14, 1928¹ – October 9, 1967), commonly known as Che Guevara, was an Argentine-born Marxist revolutionary and Cuban guerrilla leader. Guevara was a member of Fidel Castros 26th of July Movement, which seized power in Cuba in... Che Guevara.

The archive plans to contains all deceased Marxist writers' works, this includes The Three Graces, here in a painting by Sandro Botticelli, were the goddesses of charm, beauty, nature, human creativity and fertility in Greek mythology. Fiction is the term used to describe works of the imagination. This is in contrast to non-fiction, which makes factual claims about reality. A large... fiction and Non-fiction is a truthful account or representation of a subject which is composed of facts. It is one of the two main divisions in writing, particularly used in libraries, the other being fiction. Essays, journals, documentaries, scientific papers, photographs, biographies, textbooks, technical documentation like user manuals, diagrams and journalism... non-fiction work whether on Marxism or not.

History Archive

This section contains special historical subjects. Most notably are the sections about the The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) .( Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик... Soviet Union and the Destruction of the Vendôme Column during the Paris Commune The term Paris Commune originally referred to the government of Paris during the French Revolution. However, the term more commonly refers to the socialist government that briefly ruled Paris from March 18 (more formally from March 26) to May 28... Paris Commune. About 9 historical subjects are available.

Subject Archive

This section is for Special Subject Collections; most notable is the Philosophy (from the Greek words philos and sophia meaning love of wisdom) is understood in different ways historically and by different philosophers. It, therefore, requires a meta-philosophy to adjudicate. Although it can be conceded that philosophy aims at some kind of understanding, knowledge or wisdom about fundamental matters such... Philosophy subject archive, which contains a massive collection of over 120 thinkers, from Events January January 1 - Scotland adopts January 1st as being New Years Day February February 17 - Giordano Bruno burned in a stake for heresy July July 2 - Battle of Nieuwpoort: Dutch forces under Maurice of Nassau defeat Spanish forces under Archduke Albert in a battle on the coastal dunes... 1600 to 2000 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. Popular culture also holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millenium. By strict interpretation of the Gregorian Calendar, however, this distinction falls to the year 2001. The year 2000 is... 2000. About 24 subjects are available.

Reference Writers

This section is a guide to writers relevant to understanding the concepts of Marxism. Divided into two main parts:

• For the scientific journal named Science, see Science (journal). Science is both a process of gaining knowledge, and the organized body of knowledge gained by this process. The scientific process is the systematic acquisition of new knowledge about a system. This systematic acquisition is generally the scientific method, and the... Science & Philosophy (from the Greek words philos and sophia meaning love of wisdom) is understood in different ways historically and by different philosophers. It, therefore, requires a meta-philosophy to adjudicate. Although it can be conceded that philosophy aims at some kind of understanding, knowledge or wisdom about fundamental matters such... Philosophy,
  • Political economy was the original term for the study of production and the relationships of buying and selling and their relationship to laws, customs and government. Rousseau gives the etymology of it as coming from oiko - house plus nomos law - the laws of living. As such it was used by... Political Economy (e.g. This article is about the 18th-century economist. For other people of the same name, see Adam Smith (disambiguation). Adam Smith Adam Smith ( June 5, 1723 – July 17, 1790) was a Scottish political economist and moral philosopher. His Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations... Adam Smith)
  • Classics in Philosophy (e.g. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (August 27, 1770 - November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher born in Stuttgart, Württemberg, in present-day southwest Germany. He received his education at the Tübinger Stift (seminary of the Protestant Church in Württemberg), where he was friends with the future philosophers Friedrich... Hegel)
  • Classics in Politics (e.g. For otheruses, see Tocqueville (disambiguation) Alexis de Tocqueville (July 29, 1805 - April 16, 1859) was a French political thinker and historian. His most famous works are Democracy in America (appearing in two volumes: 1835 and 1840) and The Old Regime and the Revolution (1856). He championed liberty and democracy. Alexis... de Tocqueville)
  • Ethics is a general term for what is often described as the science (study) of morality. In philosophy, ethical behavior is that which is good or right. The Western tradition of ethics is sometimes called moral philosophy. This is one part of value theory (axiology) – the other part is... Ethics
  • Ancient Broadly speaking, a dialectic (Greek: διαλεκτική) is an exchange of propositions (theses) and counter-propositions (antitheses) resulting in a disagreement. The aim of the dialectical method is to try to resolve the disagreement through rational discussion. One way -- the Socratic method... Dialectics
  • Natural Science
  • Soviet redirects here. For other uses, see Soviet (disambiguation). The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) (Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Р... Soviet Writers

• The color red and particularly the red flag are traditional symbols of Socialism. Socialism is a concept, an ideology and a collection of party-based political movements that have evolved and branched over time. Initially, it was based on the organized working class, with the purpose of building a classless... Socialism & This article describes a political philosophy that opposes the state, capitalism, and all forms of social hierarchy. For other uses, see anarchism (disambiguation). Anarchism is a term which encompasses a variety of political philosophies, social movements, and political ideologies that advocate the elimination of all forms of imposed authority, including... Anarchism
  • See Utopia (disambiguation) for other meanings of this word Utopia, in its most common and general meaning, refers to a hypothetical perfect society. It has also been used to describe actual communities founded in attempts to create such a society. The adjective utopian is often used to refer to good... Utopian Socialism (e.g. Portrait of Sir Thomas More by Hans Holbein the Younger Sir Thomas More (7 February 1478–6 July 1535), posthumously known also as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, author, and politician. During his lifetime he earned a reputation as a leading humanist scholar and occupied many public... Thomas More)
  • Anarchism (e.g. Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin (Russian — Михаил Александрович Бакунин), (May 30, 1814–June 13, 1876) was a well-known Russian anarchist contemporaneous to Karl Marx. He was... Bakunin)
  • Reformism (also called revisionism or revisionist theory) is the belief that gradual changes in a society can ultimately change its fundamental structures. It is a key component of the movement known as democratic socialism. This movement is contrasted to revolutionary socialism, which believes that there must be a revolution to... Reformism
  • Communism is a term that can refer to one of several things: a social and economic system, an ideology which supports that system, or a political movement that wishes to implement that system. As a theoretical social and economic system, communism would be a type of egalitarian society with no... Communism (e.g. This article or section should include material from Weather Folklore. Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880–June 1, 1968) was a deaf-blind American author, activist, and lecturer. Helen Keller was born in Tuscumbia, Alabama. Her disabilities were caused by a fever in February, 1882 when she was 19... Helen Keller)
  • The The first edition of Communist International, journal of the Comintern published in Moscow and Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) in May 1919. The slogan at the top says proletarians of all countries, unite! The Comintern (from Communist International), also known as the Third International, was an international Communist organization founded in... Comintern
  • Maoism or Mao Zedong Thought (Chinese: 毛澤東思想, pinyin: Máo Zédōng Sīxiǎng), also called Marxism-Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought or Marxism-Leninism-Maoism (MLM), is a variant of communism derived from the teachings of Mao Zedong (1893–... Maoism
  • National Liberation
  • Black Liberation

Encyclopedia of Marxism

The 1913 advertisement for Encyclopædia Britannica. An encyclopedia (alternatively encyclopaedia) is a written compendium of knowledge. The term comes from the Greek words εγκύκλιος παιδεία, enkyklios paideia (in a circle of instruction). This comes from ε... Encyclopedia of Marxism is a reference guide to Marxism, the working class, and revolution in the world. Containing definition of Marxist’s terms, short biographies and historical material. The encyclopedia is open for contribution by the public. The encyclopedia provides the following elements to the whole archive:

• Glossary of terms.
• Brief biographies.
• Events and organizations.

Multi-lingual archives

The MIA is aiming to provide an archive of Marxists works in many As with any complex, emergent concept, language is somewhat resistant to definition. However, most would agree that language is a system of communication or reasoning using representation along with metaphor and some manner of logical grammar, all of which presuppose a historical and at least temporarily transcendent standard or truth... languages. Some of these archives have only a few documents by Marx and Engels, while others are much extensive, for example the Chinese (written) language (pinyin: zhōngw n) written in Chinese characters The Chinese language (汉语/漢語, 华语/華語, or 中文; Pinyin: H nyǔ, Hu yǔ, or Zhōngw n) is a member of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages. Although Chinese... Chinese language archive has the complete collected Works of Marx & Engels and Lenin.

See also

• This is a list of projects related to digital libraries. General Collections Alex Catalogue of Electronic Texts [1] American Literature Hypertexts [2] Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE [3] Bibliotheca Universalis [4] Biblomania [5] British Library [6] Carrie [7] is a full text electronic library Coach House Press [8] DigBib.Org [9... List of digital library projects

External links

• Marxists Internet Archive (http://www.marxists.org/)
  • Introduction  (http://www.marxists.org/admin/intro/index.htm) (includes history of the organization)
  • Cross-Language Section (http://www.marxists.org/xlang/index.htm)
  • Mirrors  (http://www.marxists.org/admin/mirrors/index.htm)