NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Mary Cassatt

Mary Stevenson Cassatt (May 22, 1844 – June 14, 1926) was an American painter and printmaker. She lived much of her adult life in France, where she first befriended Edgar Degas and later exhibited among the Impressionists. Image File history File links Mary_Cassatt-Selfportrait. ... Image File history File links Mary_Cassatt-Selfportrait. ... May 22 is the 142nd day of the year (143rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... June 14 is the 165th day of the year (166th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... Printmaking is a process for producing a work of art in ink; the work (called a print) is created indirectly, through the transfer of ink from the surface upon which the work was originally drawn or otherwise composed. ... Edgar Degas (19 July 1834 â€“ 27 September 1917), born Hilaire-Germain-Edgar Degas (IPA ), was a French artist famous for his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking and drawing. ... See also Impressionist (entertainment): A girl with a watering can by Renoir, 1876 Impressionism was a 19th century art movement, which began as a private association of Paris-based artists who exhibited publicly in 1874. ...

Cassatt (pronounced ca-SAHT) often created images of the social and private lives of women, with particular emphasis on the intimate bonds between mothers and children.

Early life

Cassatt was born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, which is now part of Pittsburgh. She was born into favorable circumstances: her father, Robert S. Cassatt, was a successful stockbroker, and her mother, Katherine Kelso Johnston, came from a banking family. Cassatt grew up in an environment that viewed travel as integral to education; before she was ten years old she had already visited many of the capitals of Europe, including London, Paris, and Berlin. Allegheny was a city in western Pennsylvania, located on the north shore of the junction of the Allegheny and Ohio Rivers, across from Pittsburgh. ... Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area Ranked 33rd - Total 46,055 sq mi (119,283 kmÂ²) - Width 280 miles (455 km) - Length 160 miles (255 km) - % water 2. ... Nickname: Motto: Benigno Numine (With the Benevolent Deity) Location in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States Commonwealth Pennsylvania County Allegheny Founded November 25, 1758 Incorporated April 22, 1794 (borough) March 18, 1816 (city) Government - Mayor Luke Ravenstahl (D) Area - City 151. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du TrocadÃ©ro. ... Location of Berlin within Germany / EU Coordinates Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) Administration Country NUTS Region DE3 City subdivisions 12 boroughs Governing Mayor Klaus Wowereit (SPD) Governing parties SPD / Left. ...

Despite her family's objections to her becoming a professional artist, she began studying painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1861-1865). Impatient with the slow pace of instruction and the patronizing attitude of the male students and teachers, she decided to study the old masters on her own, and in 1866 she moved to Paris. The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts is the oldest art school in the United States, founded in Philadelphia in 1805. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area - City 369. ... An Old Master (or old master) is one of the great European painters who lived 1500 through 1800, or a painting by one of these painters. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

Returning to the United States at the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, Cassatt lived with her family, but art supplies and models were difficult to obtain in the small town. Her father continued to resist her chosen vocation, and paid for her basic needs, but not her art supplies. She returned to Europe in 1871 when the Archbishop of Pittsburgh commissioned her to paint copies of paintings in Italy, after which she traveled throughout Europe. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1256x961, 140 KB) Other versions: Image:Cassatt Mary The Boating Party 1893-94. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1256x961, 140 KB) Other versions: Image:Cassatt Mary The Boating Party 1893-94. ... Combatants Second French Empire North German Confederation allied with south German states (later German Empire) Commanders Napoleon III Otto Von Bismarck, Helmuth von Moltke the Elder Strength 400,000 at the beginning of the war 1,200,000 Casualties 150,000 dead or wounded 284,000 captured 350,000 civilian... World map showing the location of Europe. ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ... City nickname: The Steel City Location in the state of Pennsylvania Founded 1758 Mayor Tom Murphy (Dem) Area - Total - Water 151. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ...

Image File history File links Cassat_CupOfTea. ... Image File history File links Cassat_CupOfTea. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Paul Gauguin, Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? (Doù venons-nous? Que faisons-nous? Où allons-nous?) (1897). ...

Impressionism

After studying independently in the major European museums, her style matured by 1872 and in Paris she studied with Camille Pissarro. Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du TrocadÃ©ro. ... The garden of Pontoise, painted 1875. ...

The selection jury accepted her first painting for the Paris Salon in 1872. Salon critics claimed that her colors were too bright and that her portraits were too accurate to be flattering to the subjects. HonorÃ© Daumier satirized the bourgeoises scandalized by the Salons Venuses, 1864 The Paris Salon (French: Salon de Paris) is the official art exhibition of the AcadÃ©mie des beaux-arts in Paris, France. ... Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Upon seeing pastels by Edgar Degas in an art dealer's window, however, she knew she was not alone in her rebellion against the Salon. "I used to go and flatten my nose against that window and absorb all I could of his art," she wrote to a friend. "It changed my life. I saw art then as I wanted to see it." She met Degas in 1874, and he invited her to exhibit with the Impressionists and her work hung in the 1879 Impressionist show. An active member of the Impressionist circle until 1886, she remained friends with Degas and Berthe Morisot. As with Degas, Cassatt became extremely proficient in the use of pastels, eventually painting many of her most important works in this medium. A bravura pastel portrait of Louis XV by Maurice Quentin de La Tour, 1748 Pastel or pastels is an artistic expression which involves the application of soft colors by painting with soft crayons wrapped in paper. ... Edgar Degas (19 July 1834 â€“ 27 September 1917), born Hilaire-Germain-Edgar Degas (IPA ), was a French artist famous for his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking and drawing. ... Year 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link with display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Impressionism was a 19th century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists, who began exhibiting their art publicly in the 1860s. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Berthe Morisot in a portrait by Ã‰douard Manet, 1872 Berthe Morisot (January 14, 1841 â€“ March 2, 1895) was an Impressionist painter. ... Pastel is an art medium in the form of a stick, consisting of pure powdered pigment and a binder. ...

Shortly after her triumphs with the Impressionists, Cassatt quit painting to care for her mother and sister, who fell ill after moving to Paris in 1877. Her sister died in 1882, but her mother regained her health, and Cassatt resumed painting by the mid-1880s. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (822x1037, 668 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Mary Cassatt ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (822x1037, 668 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Mary Cassatt ... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Her style evolved, and she moved away from impressionism to a simpler, more straightforward approach. By 1886, she no longer identified herself with any art movement and experimented with a variety of techniques. A series of rigorously drawn, tenderly observed, yet largely unsentimental paintings on the mother and child theme form the basis of her popular work. Year 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

In 1891, she exhibited a series of highly original colored lithographprints, including Woman Bathing and The Coiffure, inspired by the Japanese masters shown in Paris the year before. (See Japonism) Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Lithography is a method for printing on a smooth surface, as well as a method of manufacturing semiconductor and MEMS devices. ... Van Gogh - Portrait of Pere Tanguy Example of ukiyo-e influence in Western art Japonism (also in French Japonisme and Japonaiserie) is the influence of Japanese art on Western, primarily French, artists. ...

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (691x1053, 143 KB)Mary Cassatt (1844â€“1926), The Bath Oil on canvas, 1891-92 100. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (691x1053, 143 KB)Mary Cassatt (1844â€“1926), The Bath Oil on canvas, 1891-92 100. ... Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Art Institute of Chicago is a fine art museum located in Chicago, Illinois. ...

Later life

The 1890s were Cassatt's busiest and most creative time. She also became a role model for young American artists who sought her advice. Among them was Lucy A. Bacon, whom Cassatt introduced to Camille Pissarro. As the new century arrived, she served as an advisor to several major art collectors and stipulated that they eventually donate their purchases to American art museums. Although instrumental in advising the American collectors, recognition of her art came more slowly in the United States. The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the Mauve Decade, because William Henry Perkins aniline dye allowed the widespread use of that colour in fashion, and also as the Gay Nineties, under the then-current usage of the word gay which referred simply to merriment and frivolity, with no... Lucy A. Bacon (1858-1932) was an Californian artist studied in Paris under the famous Impressionist, Camille Pissarro (who was friends with Paul CÃ©zanne), and was the only known California artist to have studied under any of the Great French Impressionists. ... The garden of Pontoise, painted 1875. ...

Mary Cassatt's brother, Alexander Cassatt, (president of the Pennsylvania Railroad from 1899 until his death) died in 1906. After her brother's death, she did not paint until 1912. Alexander Cassatt somewhere between 1890-1900. ... 1893 map The Pennsylvania Railroad (AAR reporting mark PRR) was an American railroad that was founded in 1846 and merged in 1968 into Penn Central Transportation. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

A trip to Egypt in 1910 impressed Cassatt with the beauty of its ancient art. Diagnosed with diabetes, rheumatism, neuralgia, and cataracts in 1911, she did not slow down, but after 1914 she was forced to stop painting as she became almost blind. Nonetheless, she took up the cause of women's suffrage, and in 1915, she showed eighteen works in an exhibition supporting the movement. 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... This article is about the disease that features high blood sugar. ... Rheumatism or Rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the heart, bones, joints, kidney, skin and lung. ... Neuralgia is a painful disorder of the nerves. ... Human eye cross-sectional view, showing position of human lens. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The term womens suffrage is a social, economic and political reform movement aimed at extending suffrage â€” the right to vote â€” to women. ... 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ...

In recognition of her contributions to the arts, France awarded her the Légion d'honneur in 1904. Chiang Kai-sheks LÃ©gion dhonneur. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ...

She died on June 14, 1926 at Château de Beaufresne, near Paris, and was buried in the family vault at Mesnil-Théribus, France. June 14 is the 165th day of the year (166th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ...

As of 2005, her paintings have sold for as much as $2.87 million. ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, Cambodia, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, Maldives the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ...

References

This article does not cite any references or sources. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Alexander Cassatt somewhere between 1890-1900. ...

See also

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Liberty ships were cargo ships built in the United States during World War II. They were cheap and quick to build, and came to symbolize U.S. wartime industrial output. ... // Main article: History of painting The history of Western painting represents a continuous, though disrupted, tradition from Antiquity and, despite the achievements of other painting traditions, especially in Asia, has become the most influential and prestigeous globally. ... // The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures. ... // Professor and art historian Linda Nochlin began her deliberately provocative 1971 Artnews article with the question Why are there no great women artists? This question was, in essence, a challenge to traditional art history and to feminist art history. ...

External links

Categories: American printmakers | 1844 births | 1926 deaths | American painters | Impressionist painters | Women in art | Légion d'honneur recipients See also Impressionist (entertainment): A girl with a watering can by Renoir, 1876 Impressionism was a 19th century art movement, which began as a private association of Paris-based artists who exhibited publicly in 1874. ... 1865â€“1866. ... Self-portrait Gustave Caillebotte (August 19, 1848 â€“ February 21, 1894), was a French painter, member and patron of the group of artists known as Impressionists, stamp collector, and yacht engineer. ... Paul CÃ©zanne (IPA: , January 19, 1839 â€“ October 22, 1906) was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavour to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th century. ... Edgar Degas (19 July 1834 â€“ 27 September 1917), born Hilaire-Germain-Edgar Degas (IPA ), was a French artist famous for his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking and drawing. ... 1873. ... Articles with similar titles include Claude Monet, another painter of the same era. ... Claude Monet also known as Oscar-Claude Monet or Claude Oscar Monet (November 14, 1840 â€“ December 5, 1926)[1] was a founder of French Impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movements philosophy of expressing ones perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein... Berthe Morisot in a portrait by Ã‰douard Manet, 1872 Berthe Morisot (January 14, 1841 â€“ March 2, 1895) was an Impressionist painter. ... The garden of Pontoise, painted 1875. ... Pierre-Auguste Renoir (February 25, 1841â€“December 3, 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. ... Image:Alfred Sisley-Bridge at Villeneuve-la-Garenne. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1051x808, 300 KB) Claude Monet, Impression, soleil levant, 1872 Oil on canvas, 48 x 63 cm - Musee Marmottan, Paris File links The following pages link to this file: Claude Monet 19th century Impression, Sunrise French art of the 19th century ... Impressionism, a style of painting characterized by loose brushwork and vivid colors, was practiced widely among American artists in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874 - 1939) was an American Impressionist painter. ... Frederick Childe Hassam (October 17, 1859 - August 27, 1935) was an American Impressionist painter. ... Willard Leroy Metcalf (July 1, 1858 â€“ March 9, 1925) was an American artist. ... Self-Portrait (1892) Lilla Cabot Perry, (January 13, 1848 â€“ February 28, 1933), was one of the first American artists to embrace impressionism during the late 19th century. ... Theodore Robinson (July 3, 1852 – April 2, 1896) was an American Impressionist painter. ... John Henry Twachtman (August 4, 1853-August 8, 1902) was a US impressionist painter. ... The Red Bridge, ca. ... Self-portrait with skeleton, 1896. ... Max Liebermann in 1904 Max Liebermann (July 20, 1847 in Berlin - February 8, 1935) was a German painter. ... Max Slevogt (born October 8th, 1868 in Landshut, Germany - died September 20th, 1932 in Rhenish Palatinate, Germany) was a German painter of the Impressionism who specialized on landscapes. ... Konstantin Alekseyevich Korovin (Russian: ÐšÐ¾Ð½ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð½Ñ‚Ð¸Ð½ ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐµÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ‡ ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½) (November 23 (N.S. December 5), 1861, Moscow - September 11, 1939, Paris) was a Russian painter. ... Self-portrait, 1880ies Valentin Alexandrovich Serov (Russian: Ð’Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¸Ð½ ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ Ð¡ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð²) (1865 - 1911) was a Russian painter. ... Francisco Manuel Oller y Cestero (June 17, 1833 â€“ May 17, 1917), born in Bayamon, Puerto Rico, was a major Puerto Rican artist. ... Laura Muntz Lyall, born June 18, 1860 - died December 9, 1930, was a Canadian Impressionist painter. ... WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw PodkowiÅ„ski (4 february 1866 Warszawa - 5 january 1895 Warszawa) - polish painter. ... Nazmi Ziya GÃ¼ran (1881 â€“ 1937) was a Turkish Impressionist painter. ... A portrait of the artist by Prof. ... The impressionist movement in music is a movement in European classical music that had its beginnings in the late nineteenth century and continued into the middle of the twentieth century. ... Headline text Influenced by the Impressionist art movement, many writers adopted a style that relied on associations. ... French impressionist cinema took place between 1918 and 1929 and was a time where a new generation of filmmakers began to explore film as an art form. ...

Contents

Impressionism

Later life

References

See also

External links