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Mass is the term used of the celebration of the Eucharist in the Latin rites of the Roman Catholic Church. The word itself is derived from the phrase with which the liturgical celebration concludes in Latin, Ite, missa est. In this phrase, the word missa is usually explained as late Latin for classical Latin missio, so that the phrase would be literally translated as: "Go, it is the sending"; in more polite parlance: "You may go, this is the dismissal." Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger celebrated Easter Vigil mass at St. ...
Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger celebrated Easter Vigil mass at St. ...
Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger (b. ...
His Holiness Pope Benedict XVI (in Latin Benedictus XVI) was born Joseph Alois Ratzinger on April 16, 1927. ...
The Easter Vigil, also called the Great Vigil of Easter, is a service held in many Christian churches as the official celebration of the Resurrection of Jesus. ...
Pope John Paul II (Latin: ), born Karol Józef Wojtyła (May 18, 1920 – April 2, 2005), reigned as pope of the Catholic Church for almost 27 years, from 16 October 1978 until his death, making his the third-longest reign in the history of the Papacy according to the...
The Eucharist is either the celebration of the Christian sacrament commemorating Christ’s Last Supper, or the consecrated bread and wine of this sacrament. ...
Latin Rite, in the singular and accompanied, in English, by the definite article, refers to the sui juris particular Church of the Roman Catholic Church that developed in the area of western Europe and northern Africa where Latin was for many centuries the language of education and culture. ...
The Roman Catholic Church is the largest Christian body in the world. ...
Ecclesiastical Latin, sometimes called Church Latin, is the Latin language as used in documents of the Roman Catholic Church and in the Latin liturgies of the Catholic Church. ...
For the celebration of the Eucharist in Eastern Churches, including those in full communion with Rome, other terms, such as "The Divine Liturgy", are normally used. Western Churches not in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church also usually prefer terms other than "Mass", although it is used in some Anglican and Lutheran churches. For information on the theology of the Eucharist and on the eucharistic liturgy of other Christian Churches, the reader is referred to the article on the Eucharist. Full communion is a kind of relationship between two or more organizations of Christians. ...
City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC mythical, 1st millennium BC Region Latium Mayor Walter Veltroni (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 1290 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 2,546,807 almost 4,000,000 1...
The Divine Liturgy is the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern-Rite Catholic eucharistic service. ...
The term Anglican (from the Angles or English) describes those people and churches following the religious traditions developed by the established Church of England. ...
The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ...
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament writings of his early followers. ...
The Eucharist is either the celebration of the Christian sacrament commemorating Christ’s Last Supper, or the consecrated bread and wine of this sacrament. ...
The Council of Trent taught that the Mass is the unbloody renewal, or rather re-presentation, of the Sacrifice of Calvary upon the altar and the most perfect method the Church has to offer latria, or adoration, to God. Not that Christ is sacrificed again at each Mass, but Christ's sacrifice on the Cross is made present at every Mass. Catholics believe in transubstantiation, that is, that the offerings of wheaten bread and grape wine are truly substantially changed into the flesh and blood of Jesus Christ, retaining the accidents (i.e. the appearance and form) of bread and wine. The Roman Catholic Church is the largest Christian body in the world. ...
The Council of Trent (Italian: Trento) was an ecumenical council of the Catholic Church held in discontinuous sessions between 1545 and 1563 in response to the Protestant Reformation. ...
Latria is a Greek term used in Roman Catholic theology to refer to the highest form of worship of God. ...
Transubstantiation is the belief held by many Christian denominations that the Eucharistic elements of bread and wine are changed into the body and blood of Jesus during Consecration. ...
in philosophy, Substance is that element of an object without which it would not exist. ...
In philosophy, an accident is a property that its bearer has contingently—that is, a property which its bearer could have failed to have (without having failed to exist), had things been different. ...
Texts used in the Roman rite of Mass The Roman Missal contains the prayers and rubrics of the Mass. In the United States and Canada, the English translation of this book is at present called the Sacramentary. The Roman Missal is the liturgical book that contains the texts and rubrics for the celebration of the Roman rite of Mass. ...
Sacramentary was a musical service book, containing the prayers that were recited by the celebrant during the mass. ...
The Lectionary presents passages from the Bible arranged in the order for reading at each day's Mass. Before the Second Vatican Council, the then far less numerous Scripture readings in use were included in the Roman Missal. Wiktionary has a definition of: Lectionary A Lectionary is a book or listing that contains a collection of readings for Christian worship. ...
Parts of this article contradict each other. ...
A Book of the Gospels is recommended for the reading from the Gospels, but the Lectionary may be used in its place. A Gospel Book is a codex or bound volume, containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament. ...
Structure of the present-day Roman-rite Mass Within the fixed structure outlined below, the Scripture readings and the text of the prayers varies each day.
Introductory rites After an entrance hymn or the recitation of an antiphon, Mass begins with the large sign of cross (touching forehead, breast and shoulders) to the accompaniment of a Trinitarian formula. Then the priest and the congregation exchange a liturgical greeting. After an optional few words of introduction, the priest then begins one of three forms of the Penitential Rite, of which the Confiteor is the first, leading to a prayer for God’s forgiveness recited by the priest . This is followed by the Kyrie eleison (Greek for "Lord, have mercy"), recited or sung by the congregation. The third form of the Penitential Rite incorporates the Kyrie eleison, and so is not followed by another Kyrie. Roman Catholic priest LCDR Allen R. Kuss (USN) aboard USS Enterprise A priest or priestess is a holy man or woman who takes an officiating role in worship of any religion, with the distinguishing characteristic of offering sacrifices. ...
A congregation is the group of members who make up a local Christian church or Jewish synagogue (or those who are present at a service thereat), as opposed to the building itself. ...
In the Roman Catholic Church, the Penitential Rite is a part of the Introductory Rites of the Mass. ...
Mea Culpa is a Latin phrase that translates into English as my fault, or my own fault. In order to emphasize the message, the adjective maxima may be inserted, resulting in mea maxima culpa, which would translate as my [most] grievous fault. The origin of the expression is in a...
Kyrie is a Greek word that means Lord or Oh, Lord. ...
On Sundays and the major feast days known as solemnities, the Gloria, the Church's ancient hymn of praise, is next sung or recited. It is omitted on Sundays of Advent and Lent. Gloria in Excelsis Deo (Latin for Glory to God in the highest) is the title and beginning of the great doxology (song of praise) used in the Roman Catholic Mass and, in translation, in the services of many other Christian churches. ...
See Colossal Cave Adventure for the comuputer game Advent (from the Latin Adventus, sc. ...
In Western Christianity, Lent is the period preceding the Christian holy day of Easter. ...
Then the priest invites the congregation to pray, and "collects" their prayers in the Collect. Collect can refer to: In telecommunications, a collect call In liturgy, a short general prayer; Collects for each Sunday of the year were a particular feature of the Book of Common Prayer of the Church of England. ...
The Liturgy of the Word On Sundays and solemnities, three Scripture readings are given. On other days there are only two. If there are three readings, the first, except during Eastertide, is from the Old Testament (a term wider than Hebrew Scriptures, since it includes the Deuterocanonical Books), and the second is from the New Testament, reserving for the final reading a passage from one of the Gospels. The Old Testament or the Hebrew Scriptures (also called the Hebrew Bible) constitutes the first major part of the Bible according to Christianity. ...
11th century manuscript of the Hebrew Bible with Targum Hebrew Bible refers to the common portions of the Jewish and Christian canons. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Apocrypha. ...
The New Testament, sometimes called the Greek Testament or Greek Scriptures is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written after the birth of Jesus. ...
For the genre of Christian-themed music, see gospel music. ...
The lector who proclaims the one or two readings that precede the Gospel reading begins each with the phrase "A reading from ..." (e.g. "A reading from the Second Letter of Saint Paul to the Corinthians") and concludes it with a phrase that appears in two slightly different English translations: "The Word of the Lord" or "This is the Word of the Lord." The congregation responds: "Thanks be to God." In some Christian churches, the Reader is responsible for reading aloud excerpts of the scripture at a liturgy. ...
The first reading is followed by a Responsorial Psalm, a complete Psalm or a sizeable portion of one. A cantor, a choir or a lector leads, and the congregation sings or recites a refrain. Psalms (Tehilim תהילי×, in Hebrew) is a book of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, and of the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. ...
Psalms (Tehilim תהילים, in Hebrew) is a book of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, and of the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. ...
The word Cantor can mean more than one thing: Cantor is another name for a Hazzan, a member of the Jewish clergy Cantor is the title of a member of a student society who is the main singer at a cantus Famous people named Cantor include: Eddie Cantor, singer & entertainer...
A choir or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. ...
Before the Gospel reading, the congregation rises and sings the Alleluia or, in Lent, a less joyful acclamation, and remains standing during the reading of the Gospel. If the acclamation is not sung, it may be omitted, but most often it is in fact recited. The Gospel is read by a deacon or, if none is available, by a priest; never by a lay person. Before reading the Gospel, a deacon asks for the priest’s blessing. A priest asks for the blessing of a bishop, if a bishop is celebrating the Mass; otherwise, he bows to the altar and says a silent preparatory prayer. Then the deacon or priest gives the liturgical greeting, Dominus vobiscum (in English, "The Lord be with you"), to which the people respond: Et cum spiritu tuo (the English translation of which, in use since 1973 but due to be replaced by a more exact translation in perhaps 2007, is: "And also with you.") The Gospel reading is then preceded by the phrase, "A reading from the Holy Gospel according to (the name of the evangelist)", to which the congregation responds: "Glory to you, Lord." At the same time, all trace a small cross on forehead, lips, and breast. If incense is used, the Book of the Gospels is then incensed. To conclude the Gospel reading, the priest or deacon proclaims: "(This is) the Gospel of the Lord",and the congregation responds: "Praise to you, Lord Jesus Christ." Hallelujah, Halleluyah, or Alleluia, is a transliteration of the Hebrew word הַלְלוּיָהּ meaning [Let us] praise (הַלְלוּ) God (יָהּ) (or Praise (הַלְלוּ) [the] Lord (יָהּ)). It is found mainly in the book of Psalms. ...
Deacon is a role in the Christian Church which is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. ...
1973 was a common year starting on Monday. ...
2007 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A priest or deacon may then give a homily, a sermon that draws upon some aspect of the readings or the liturgy of the day. The homily is obligatory on Sundays and Holy Days of Obligation, and is highly encouraged for other days. A sermon is an oration by a prophet or member of the clergy. ...
In the Roman Catholic Church, the Holy Days of Obligation are the days, other than Sundays, on which the faithful are required to attend Mass. ...
On Sundays and solemnities, all then profess their Christian faith by reciting or singing a creed. Traditionally the Nicene Creed is used at Mass, but since the promulgation of the 2002 edition of the Roman Missal, the Apostles' Creed may be used instead, especially, since it was originally a baptismal creed, during Eastertide. The Nicene Creed, or the Icon/Symbol of the Faith, is a Christian statement of faith accepted by the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and most Protestant churches. ...
2002 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Apostles Creed is an early statement of Christian belief, probably from the first or second century. ...
The Liturgy of the Word concludes with the General Intercessions or "Prayers of the Faithful." The priest speaks a general introduction, then a deacon or someone else, even a lay person, presents some intentions for prayer, to which the congregation responds with a very short prayer such as: "Lord hear our prayer", and finally the priest says a concluding prayer.
The Liturgy of the Eucharist The Eucharistic Liturgy begins when bread and wine are brought to the altar, either in a procession or simply from a nearby credence. The unleavened wheaten bread is placed on a paten, and the grape wine, mixed with a little water, is put in a chalice. A linen corporal is spread over the centre of the altar and, as the priest places, first the bread, and then the wine, on the corporal, he says a silent prayer over each individually. If this rite is unaccompanied by singing, he is permitted to say these two prayers aloud, in which case the congregation responds each time: "Blessed be God forever." Then the priest washes his hands, to signify the need for purity on the part of those approaching the central part of Mass. Picture of an altar from the Meyer Encyclopaedia An altar, (Hebrew mizbeah, from a word meaning to slay) is any structure on which sacrifices known as the korbanot as well as incense offerings are offered for religious purposes. ...
A paten is a small plate, usually made of silver or gold, used to hold Eucharistic hosts. ...
Russian chalice A chalice (from Latin calix, cup) is a goblet, intended to hold just drink. ...
Corporal is a military rank in use by several militaries of the world. ...
The congregation, which has been seated during this preparatory rite, rises, and the priest gives an exhortation to pray: "Pray, brethren, that our sacrifice may be acceptable to God, the almighty Father." The congregation responds: "May the Lord accept the sacrifice at your hands, for the praise and glory of his name, for our good, and the good of all his Church." The priest then pronounces the variable prayer over the gifts that have been set aside.
The Eucharistic Prayer then begins with a dialogue between priest and people. This dialogue opens with the normal liturgical greeting, but in view of the special solemnity of the rite now beginning, the priest then exhorts the people: "Lift up your hearts." The people respond with: "We lift them up to the Lord." The priest then introduces the great theme of the Eucharist, a word originating in the Greek word for giving thanks: "Let us give thanks to the Lord, our God," he says. The congregation joins in this sentiment, saying: "It is right to give him thanks and praise."
The priest then continues with one of many Eucharistic Prayer prefaces, followed first by the Sanctus acclamation: "Holy, Holy, Holy Lord ...", sung or recited, and then by the part of the Eucharistic Prayer that contains, among other elements, the narration of the central event of Christ’s Last Supper, of which the Mass is a reenactment in fulfilment of Jesus’ instruction to "Do this in memory of me." Since, according to Catholic faith, at the Words of Institution the bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ, it is the universal rule that the congregation should kneel at this point. In some countries, the kneeling begins immediately after the Sanctus. Sanctus is the Latin word for holy, and is the name of an important hymn of Christian liturgy. ...
The words of Christ, This is my body. ...
When this most solemn point of the Mass, referred to as the Consecration, has been concluded the priest invites the people to proclaim "the mystery of faith" and the congregation joins in reciting an acclamation known as the Memorial Acclamation, of which the Roman Missal gives three forms. (A fourth, added in the 1973 English translation, is unlikely to be kept in the forthcoming revision of that translation.) In the Roman Catholic Church, the Memorial Acclamation, also called the Mystery of Faith is a part of the Eucharistic Prayer of the Mass recited by the congregation. ...
1973 was a common year starting on Monday. ...
The Eucharistic Prayer concludes with a doxology and the singing or recitation of the great Amen by the people. A doxology is a short hymn sung in praise of God (often the Trinity) in various Christian liturgies. ...
The Communion rite All together recite or sing the "Lord's Prayer" ("Pater Noster" or "Our Father"). The priest introduces it with a short phrase and follows it up with the prayer: "Deliver us, Lord, from every evil, and grant us peace in our day. In your mercy keep us free from sin and protect us from all anxiety as we wait in joyful hope for the coming of our Savior, Jesus Christ." The people then add the doxology: "For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours, now and forever." The Lords Prayer (sometimes known by its first two Latin words as the Pater Noster, in Greek as the , or the English equivalent Our Father) is probably the best-known prayer in Christianity. ...
Next comes the rite of peace. After praying: "Lord Jesus Christ, you said to your apostles: "I leave you peace, my peace I give you." Look not on our sins, but on the faith of your Church, and grant us the peace and unity of your kingdom where you live for ever and ever ", the priest wishes the people peace: "The peace of the Lord be with you always." He may then invite those present to offer each other the sign of peace. The form of the sign of peace varies according to local custom: in English-speaking countries a handshake is most common, but in countries like India a person will give the sign of peace by joining his or her hands and bowing to another.
While the "Lamb of God" ("Agnus Dei" in Latin) litany is sung or recited, the priest breaks the Host and places a piece in the main chalice; this is known as the rite of fraction and commingling. Lamb of God is one of the titles given to Jesus in the New Testament and consequently in the Christian tradition. ...
The Agnus Dei, the figure of a lamb bearing a cross, is a symbol of Jesus as the Lamb of God. ...
If extraordinary ministers of Holy Communion are required, they may come forward at this time, but they are not allowed to go to the altar itself until after the priest has received Communion (General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 162). The priest then presents the transubstantiated elements to the congregation, saying: "This is the Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world. Happy are those who are called to his supper." Then all repeat: "Lord, I am not worthy to receive you, but only say the word and I shall be healed." The priest then receives Communion and with the help, if necessary, of extraordinary ministers distributes Communion to the people, who generally approach in procession. Before receiving, each communicant is supposed to make a sign of reverence, such as a bow. The distributing minister says: "The Body of Christ" or "The Blood of Christ", according as the element distributed is the consecrated bread or the consecrated wine, or "The Body and Blood of Christ", if both are distributed together (by intinction). The communicant responds: "Amen." Catholic Eucharistic theology points out that, because Christ is not now divided, whoever receives only the bread that has become his body also receives his blood, together with his soul and divinity.
While Communion is distributed, an appropriate song is recommended. If that is not possible, a short antiphon is recited before the distribution begins.
After rearranging the altar and the altar vessels, the priest concludes the Liturgy of the Eucharist with the the Postcommunion Prayer, for which the people are invited to stand.
Concluding rite After the Post-Communion Prayer, announcements may be made. The Missal says these should be brief. The priest then gives the usual liturgical greeting and imparts his blessing. The liturgy concludes with a dialogue between the priest and congregation. The deacon, or in his absence, the priest himself then dismisses the people. The Latin formula is simply "Ite, missa est", but the 1973 English Missal gives a choice of dismissal formulas. The congregation responds: "Thanks be to God." The priest and other ministers then leave, often to the accompaniment of a recessional hymn. 1973 was a common year starting on Monday. ...
Time of celebration of Mass Before the liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII and the Second Vatican Council, it was forbidden, except for Midnight Mass on Christmas night, to begin Mass more than one hour before dawn or more than one hour after midday. There are no longer any time limits. While Roman Catholics could previously fulfill their obligation to attend Sunday Mass only on the morning of Sunday itself, they may now do so on Saturday evening (generally taken to mean not before 4 p.m.) or at any time on Sunday. Most parish churches offer this possibility on Saturday evening, a much smaller number on Sunday evening. Pope Pius XII (Latin: ), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (March 2, 1876 – October 9, 1958), reigned as Pope and sovereign of Vatican City from March 2, 1939 to 1958. ...
The Second Vatican Council, or Vatican II, was an Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church opened under Pope John XXIII in 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI in 1965. ...
See also Christmas The Christmas Eve (1904-05), watercolor painting by the Swedish painter Carl Larsson (1853-1919) Christmas Eve, December 24, the day before Christmas Day, is treated to a greater or a lesser extent in most Christian societies as part of the Christmas festivities. ...
See also A pre-Vatican II altar with reredosThe altar is preceded by three steps, as was most common for a churchs main altar, though some main altars, such as that in Saint Peters in the Vatican, had (and have) much more than three. ...
Then-Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI) presiding over the 2005 Easter Vigil Mass at St. ...
The Eucharist is either the celebration of the Christian sacrament commemorating Christ’s Last Supper, or the consecrated bread and wine of this sacrament. ...
The Divine Liturgy is the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern-Rite Catholic eucharistic service. ...
The Roman Catholic Church is the largest Christian body in the world. ...
The term Eastern Rites may refer to the liturgical rites used by many ancient Christian Churches of Eastern Europe and the Middle East that, while being part of the Roman Catholic Church, are distinct from the Latin Rite or Western Church. ...
Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, founder of the Society of Saint Pius X. Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre (November 29, 1905–March 25, 1991) was a leader of Catholics who oppose the reforms of the Second Vatican Council, especially in matters of ecumenism, collegiality, and the revision of the then existing Roman Missal, with...
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