Matorral is a Spanish word for shrubland. Matorral originally referred to the Matorral shrublands of Spain's Mediterranean climate regions, but the term followed Spanish settlement of the Americas, and is used to refer to both Mediterranean-climate and xeric shrublands in Mexico, Chile, and elsewhere. Shrubland is a habitat type dominated by woody shrubs. ... Maquis (French) or macchia (Italian; plural macchie) is a shrubland biota in Mediterranean countries, typically consisting of densely-growing evergreen shrubs such as sage, juniper and myrtle. ... A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles those of the lands bordering the Mediterranean Sea. ... The Americas (sometimes referred to as America) is the area including the land mass located between the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, generally divided into North America and South America. ... Deserts and xeric shrublands is a biome characterized by a dry climate. ...
This unique Tamaulipan Matorral ecoregion lies in Northern Mexico with its southern limit along the line between the nearctic and neotropical realms.
The Tamaulipan matorral constitutes a unique assemblage of plant and animal species, and due to the geological history of the region, has outstanding biodiversity features.
Of the 151 species of endemic agavaceae that live in Mexico, 75 have restricted distributions in areas that served as "ecological" islands in the past; the Tamaulipan matorral is one of these areas.
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