Matvei Vasilyevich Golovinski (alternatively Mathieu; Russian: Матвей Васильевич Головинский; 1865-1920) was an operative of Imperial Russian secret service, a writer and journalist. Based on evidence, it is currently believed that it was he who was the author of the infamous and notorious plagiarism, and hoax, the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start... Because of both the secrecy of secret services and the controversial nature of the issues involved, there is some difficulty in separating the definitions of secret service, secret police, intelligence agency etc. ... Plagiarism (from Latin plagiare to kidnap) is the practice of claiming, or implying, original authorship or incorporating material from someone elses written or creative work, in whole or in part, into ones own without adequate acknowledgement. ... A hoax is an attempt to trick an audience into believing that something false is real. ... 1992 Russian edition of the Protocols, adapting Eliphas Levis portrayal of Baphomet. ...

Life

Matvei Golovinski was born into an aristocratic family in the village of Ivashevka (Ивашевка), Simbirsk guberniya. His father, Vasili Golovinski (Василий Головинский) was a friend of Fyodor Dostoyevsky. Both were members of the Petrashevsky Circle, sentenced to the capital punishment as conspirators and both were pardoned later. Vasili Golovinski died in 1875 and Matvei Golovinski was reared by his mother and the French nanny. Aristocracy is a form of government in which rulership is in the hands of an upper class known as aristocrats. ... Ulyanovsk (Улья́новск, formerlySimbirsk (Симби́рск)) is a city on the Volga River in Russia. ... Guberniya (Russian: ) (also gubernia, guberniia, gubernya) was a major administrative subdivision of the Imperial Russia, usually translated as governorate or province. ... Fyodor Dostoevsky. ... The Petrashevsky Circle was a literary discussion group organized by Mikhail Vasilevich Petrashevsky (1819-1867). ... Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. ...

While studying jurisprudence, Golovinski joined an anti-Semitic counter-revolutionary group Holy Brotherhood ("Святое Братство"). ^[1] Upon graduation, he worked for the Okhranka, secretly arranging pro-government coverage in the press. Golovinski's career almost collapsed and he had to leave the country after his activities were publicly exposed by Maxim Gorky. In France, he wrote and published articles on assignments of Chief of Russian secret service in Paris, Pyotr Rachkovsky. Philosophers of law ask what is law? and what should it be? Jurisprudence is the theory and philosophy of law. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... A counterrevolutionary is anyone who opposes a revolution, particularly those who act after a revolution to try to overturn or reverse it, in full or in part. ... The Okhrannoye otdeleniye (Russian: , meaning Security Section or Security Station), also the Okhrana or Tsarist Okhranka in Western sources, or diminutive Okhranka by those dissatisfied with the tsarist regime, was a secret police force of the Russian Empire and part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) in late 1800s... Aleksei Maksimovich Peshkov (In Russian Алексей Максимович Пешков) (March 28 [O.S. March 16] 1868–June 18, 1936), better known as Maxim Gorky (Максим Горький), was a Soviet/Russian author, a founder of the socialist realism literary method and a political activist. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) The Eiffel Tower in Paris, as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... Pyotr Ivanovich Rachkovsky (Russian: ; 1853-1910) was the chief of Imperial Russias secret service (known as the Okhranka). ...

After the October Revolution of 1917, Golovinsky switched sides and worked for the Bolsheviks until his death in 1920. “Red October” redirects here. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Bolshevik Party Meeting. ...

Authorship of the Protocols

On November 19, 1999, Patrick Bishop reported from Paris: is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar). ...

Research by a leading Russian historian, Mikhail Lepekhine, in recently opened archives has found the forgery to be the work of Mathieu Golovinski, opportunistic scion of an aristocratic but rebellious family that drifted into a life of espionage and propaganda work. After working for the czarist secret service, he later changed sides and joined the Bolsheviks. Mr. Lepekhine’s findings, published in the French magazine L'Express, would appear to clear up the last remaining mystery surrounding the Protocols.^[1] LExpress is Frances first weekly news magazine. ...

In his 2001 book The Question of the Authorship of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion", a Ukrainian scholar Vadim Skuratovsky offers a scrupulous and extensive literary, historical and linguistic analysis of the original Russian language text of the Protocols. Skuratovsky provides evidence that Charles Joly, a son of Maurice Joly (on whose writings the Protocols are based), visited Saint Petersburg in 1902 and that Golovinsky and Charles Joly worked together at Le Figaro in Paris. Skuratovsky also traces the influences of Dostoyevsky's prose (in particular, The Grand Inquisitor and The Possessed) on Golovinsky's writings, including The Protocols. Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Russian ( , transliteration: , ) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia and the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages. ... Maurice Joly (1829-1878) was a French satirist and lawyer. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... Le Figaro (English: ) is one of the leading French morning daily newspapers. ... Standalone copy of the chapter The Grand Inquisitor Wikisource has original text related to this article: The Grand Inquisitor The Grand Inquisitor is a parable told by Ivan to Alyosha in Fyodor Dostoevskys novel, The Brothers Karamazov (1879-1880). ... For the theatrical adaptation by Albert Camus, see The Possessed (play). ...

In his book The Non-Existent Manuscript. A Study of the Protocols of the Sages of Zion, Italian researcher Cesare De Michelis writes ^[2] that hypothesis of Golovinski authorship was based on statement by Princess Catherine Radziwill, who claimed that she had seen manuscript of the Protocols written by Golovinsky, Rachkovsky and Manusevich in 1905, but in 1905 Golovinsky and Rachkovsky had already left Paris and moved to Saint-Petersburg. Princess Radziwill was known to be an unreliable source. Cesare De Michelis (born in 1943) is a professor of Italian literature at the University of Padua, Italy. ... This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ... Pyotr Ivanovich Rachkovsky (Russian: ; 1853-1910) was the chief of Imperial Russias secret service (known as the Okhranka). ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) The Eiffel Tower in Paris, as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... “Leningrad” redirects here. ...

Golovinski had been linked to the work before; the German writer Konrad Heiden identified him as an author of the Protocols in 1944.^[3]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Protocols of Zion forger named by Patrick Bishop (Daily Telegraph) November 19, 1999 (Issue 1638)
2. ^ [1]
3. ^ Forging Protocols by Charles Paul Freund. Reason Magazine, February 2000

External links

• The Fraud of the Century, or a Book Born in Hell by Valery Kadzhaya
• Paris Okhrana 1885-1905 CIA historical review program (Approved for release 22 September 1993)
• (Russian) The Protocols' authorship questions by Vadim Skuratovsky at Judaica Institute of Kiev
• (Russian) Literator's Diary, 1999
• (Russian) One hundred years since the first publication of The Protocols at Radio Liberty

The CIA Seal The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is an American intelligence agency, responsible for obtaining and analyzing information about foreign governments, corporations, and individuals, and reporting such information to the various branches of the U.S. Government. ... Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a radio and communications organization which is funded by the United States Congress. ...

Further reading

• (Russian) The Question of the Authorship of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" by Vadim Skuratovsky: Kiev, 2001. ISBN 966-7273-12-1