Mauthausen (from summer 1940, Mauthausen-Gusen) was a group of 49 Nazi concentration camps situated around the small town of Mauthausen in Upper Austria, about 20 kilometers east of the city of Linz.
Unlike many other concentration camp systems, Mauthausen was used mostly for extermination through labour of the intelligentsia, educated people and members of the higher classes in countries subjugated by Germany during World War II.
Twenty are known to have served in the Mauthausen camp, sixty in the whole camp complex.
The MauthausenConcentration Camp was established on August 8, 1938, as a forced labor camp.
Mauthausen was selected as the site for a concentration camp because of the granite quarries that were there.
The MauthausenConcentration Camp was liberated by the First Platoon of Troop D, 41st Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron, Mechanized of the 11th Armored Division (Kosiek, 1).
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