Suburbs of the City of Newcastle

Mayfield
Country:	Australia
State:	New South Wales
City Council:	Newcastle City Council
Ward:	1
Surrounded by:	Mayfield North (North); Tighes Hill (East); Waratah (South); Mayfield West (West)

Mayfield is a north-western suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales, which takes its name from Ada May (b.1874) a daughter of the landowner there, John Scholey, J.P. Its boundaries are the Hunter River to the north, the Great Northern Railway on the south (Waratah Station), the main railway lines to Newcastle harbour on the east, and open ground in the west. Image File history File links NCC_Logo_col. ... Capital Sydney Government Const. ... Newcastle CBD Newcastle is the sixth largest and the second oldest city in Australia and the second largest in the state of New South Wales. ... Newcastle CBD Newcastle is the sixth largest and the second oldest city in Australia and the second largest in the state of New South Wales. ... John Scholey (15 September 1840, Leeds, Yorkshire - 14 April 1908, Mayfield House, near Newcastle, New South Wales) was an extensive landed proprietor, prominent businessman, colliery owner, and Mayor. ... The Hunter River is a major river in New South Wales, Australia. ...

Origins

Much of Mayfield was originally named North Waratah, and formed part of the large Municipality of Waratah, New South Wales (incorporated 1871), of which John Scholey was three times Mayor. In 1938 an Act of the New South Wales Parliament created a "City of Greater Newcastle", incorporating 11 municipalities into one local government area, including Waratah. Until it was subdivided by Scholey and the land put up for sale, it was largely semi-forested scrub and fields. However, St Andrew's Church at North Waratah was opened as early as 1861, and fell within the Church of England Diocese of Newcastle, New South Wales. In 1924 a new church was dedicated at St.Andrews, Mayfield, to replace the ageing colonial church. Waratah is a northern suburb of the city of Newcastle, New South Wales. ... John Scholey (15 September 1840, Leeds, Yorkshire - 14 April 1908, Mayfield House, near Newcastle, New South Wales) was an extensive landed proprietor, prominent businessman, colliery owner, and Mayor. ... The Parliaments of the Australian states and territories are legislative bodies within the federal framework of the Commonwealth of Australia. ... The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[1] in England, and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion. ...

Mayfield was originally a pleasant garden suburb on the outskirts of Newcastle, and by 1901 contained a Roman Catholic monastery, and several fine Victorian mansions belonging to prominent businessmen and lawyers, N.B.Creer (also three times Mayor of Waratah), Robert W. Upfold (Soap Manufacturers), Isaac Winn (Department store), William Arnott, J.P., (Biscuit manufacturers) and John Scholey's "Mayfield House", for which the sandstone was brought from England. The BHP constructed, in the early 1920s, a very fine mansion in Crebert Street (named after Peter Crebert [1825-1895], an immigrant from Wiesbaden in Germany), with extensive gardens, for their General Manager. Manchester Town Hall is an example of Victorian architecture found in Manchester, UK. The Carson Mansion is an example of a Victorian home in Eureka, California, USA The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of architectural styles predominantly in the Victorian era. ... BHP may refer to: Broken Hill Proprietary Company BHP Billiton BHP Steel Brake horsepower This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page—a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Wiesbaden is a city in central Germany. ...

Arrival of industry

In 1896 the Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited had acquired land on the river shore at Mayfield East for smelters, and in 1910 it was decided that they would construct here a major steel works and foundries, with a 350 ton blast furnace and three 65-ton open hearth steel furnaces, a bloom mill and heavy rail mill, with by-product coke ovens to supply coke for the blast furnaces. The advantages of the site played a major part in this decision: for transport both rail and shipping already existed, and they had close proximity to the Newcastle and South Maitland coalfields, (the coal consumption in 1947 was 30,000 tons each week). The task of reclaiming swampland at Port Waratah for the main site began in January 1913, and the New South Wales Government undertook to dredge and maintain a river channel between the works and the sea, 500 feet wide and 25 feet deep at low water to the steelwork's basin and wharves. Altogether the company acquired 1,225 acres. The blast furnace commenced operations in March 1915. The Broken Hill Proprietary Company or BHP was incorporated in 1895, operating the mine at Broken Hill in western New South Wales. ... Historic smelter in Florence, Colorado In extractive metallurgy, a smelter is a factory for producing metal by the reduction of ore. ... Blast furnace in Sestao, Spain. ... Coke is a solid carbonaceous residue derived from low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal. ... The South Maitland coalfields was the most extensive coalfield in New South Wales until the great coal mining slump of the 1960s. ... // For other uses, see Dredge (disambiguation). ...

Inevitably other industries followed, such as galvanized iron manufacturers John Lysaght & Co., (1921), Rylands Bros (wire, nails, rivets, bolts, springs etc), the famous Australia tube-makers Stewarts & Lloyds (1934), and the Newcastle Chemical Co., (1940), and sited themselves adjacent to the steel works. The result was pollution which began to affect Mayfield which lost its fashionable status. The housing erected during and after World War I was overwhelmingly for those with employment in the heavy industries. The great Steel Works finally closed down in the late 1990s and this had a knock on effect with adjacent industries, several of whom were now struggling with developing world markets. Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Franz...

Today

Today Mayfield is the most culturally diverse suburb in Newcastle and home to over 14 000 residents from all over the world.

References

• The B.H.P. Review - Jubilee Number, Melbourne, Victoria, June 1935.

• Newcastle - 150 Years, edited by Eric Lingard, Newcastle, 1947.

• The Diocese of Newcastle, by A.P.Elkin, Sydney, 1955.

• Federal Directory of Newcastle & District 1901 reprinted Newcastle, 1982, ISBN 0-9593518-0-9