McGeorge Bundy (1967)

McGeorge "Mac" Bundy (March 30, 1919–September 16, 1996) was United States National Security Advisor to Presidents Kennedy and Johnson from 1961–1966, and was president of the Ford Foundation from 1966–1979. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 603 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1780 × 1771 pixel, file size: 233 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (This summary was created using Commons SumItUp) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 603 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1780 × 1771 pixel, file size: 233 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (This summary was created using Commons SumItUp) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other... is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... // 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr declared Prince of Wales by his followers. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... The Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, commonly referred to as the National Security Advisor, serves as the chief advisor to the President of the United States on national security issues. ... John Kennedy and JFK redirect here. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908–January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was an American politician. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... The Ford Foundation is a charitable foundation based in New York City created to fund programs that promote democracy, reduce poverty, promote international understanding, and advance human achievement. ... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ...

Early life

Raised in Boston, Massachusetts he came from a prominent, wealthy family long involved in politics. His mother, Katherine Lawrence Putnam, was a child of two Boston Brahmin families listed in the social register. His father, Harvey Hollister Bundy, was from Grand Rapids, Michigan and was a diplomat who helped implement the Marshall Plan. McGeorge attended both the Groton School and Yale University one year behind his brother William Bundy. At Yale, he was a member of the well-connected Skull and Bones secret society. “Boston” redirects here. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Boston Brahmins, also called the First Families of Boston, are the class of New Englanders who claim hereditary and cultural descent from the English Protestants who founded the city of Boston, Massachusetts and settled New England. ... Specific to the United States, the Social Register is a directory of names and addresses of the powerful and wealthy individuals who form the social elite, though until recently not necessarily the political or corporate elite; inclusion in the Social Register was formerly a guide to the members of polite... Harvey Hollister Bundy Sr. ... Nickname: Location of Grand Rapids within Kent County, Michigan Coordinates: , Country United States State Michigan County Kent Founded 1826 Incorporation (city) 1850 Government  - Mayor (Part-time) George Heartwell Area  - City  45. ... Official language(s) None (English, de-facto) Capital Lansing Largest city Detroit Largest metro area Metro Detroit Area  Ranked 11th  - Total 97,990 sq mi (253,793 km²)  - Width 239 miles (385 km)  - Length 491 miles (790 km)  - % water 41. ... Map of Cold-War era Europe and the Near East showing countries that received Marshall Plan aid. ... Groton School is a private, Episcopal, college preparatory boarding school located in Groton, Massachusetts, U.S. It enrolls approximately 350 boys and girls, from the eighth (Second Form) through twelfth grades (Sixth Form). ... This article or section should be merged with William P. Bundy William Putnam Bundy (September 24, 1917-October 6, 2000) was a member of the CIA and advisor to President Lyndon B. Johnson. ... Emblem of the Skull and Bones society The Order of Skull and Bones, once known as The Brotherhood of Death,[1] is a secret society based at Yale University, in New Haven, Connecticut, and is one of the oldest student secret societies in the United States. ... A secret society is an organization that conceals its activities and membership from outsiders. ...

Public positions

In 1949, Bundy took on a project at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York to study Marshall Plan aid to Europe. The study group included such later luminaries as Dwight Eisenhower, Allen Dulles, Richard Bissell and George Kennan. The group's deliberations were sensitive and thus highly secret, dealing as they were with the highly classified fact that there was a covert side to the Marshall Plan, where the CIA used certain funds to aid anti-communist groups in France and Italy.^[1] The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an influential and independent, nonpartisan foreign policy membership organization founded in 1921 and based at 58 East 68th Street (corner Park Avenue) in New York City, with an additional office in Washington, D.C. Through its membership, meetings, and studies, it has been... Map of Cold-War era Europe and the Near East showing countries that received Marshall Plan aid. ... Dwight David Ike Eisenhower (October 14, 1890–March 28, 1969), American soldier and politician, was the 34th President of the United States (1953–1961) and supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe during World War II, with the rank of General of the Army. ... Allen Welsh Dulles (April 23, 1893 – January 29, 1969) was an influential director of the Central Intelligence Agency from 1953 to 1961 and a member of the Warren Commission. ... Richard Mervin Bissell Jr. ... Several notable people have been named George Kennan: George Kennan (explorer) (1845-1924) George F. Kennan (born 1904), diplomat and historian; the explorers great-nephew This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

He was one of Kennedy's "wise men", a noted professor of government—although not a PhD—at Harvard University. He was appointed the youngest Dean of the Faculty at Harvard. He moved into public life in 1961 becoming national security advisor. He played a crucial role in all of the major foreign policy and defense decisions of the Kennedy and part of the Johnson administration. These included the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and, most controversially, the Vietnam War. He is an admitted baby raper .From 1964 he was Chairman of the 303 Committee, responsible for coordinating government covert operations.^[2] Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated Ph. ... Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and a member of the Ivy League. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... -1... A countrys foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how that particular country will interact with other countries of the world and, to a lesser extent, non-state actors. ... Combatants Cubans trained by Soviet advisers Cuban exiles trained by the United States Commanders Fidel Castro José Ramón Fernández Ernesto Che Guevara Francisco Ciutat de Miguel Grayston Lynch Pepe San Roman Erneido Oliva Strength 51,000 1,500 Casualties various estimates; over 1,600 dead (Triay p. ... President Kennedy in a crowded Cabinet Room during the Cuban Missile Crisis. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... The NSC 5412/2 Special Group, often referred simply as the Special Group, was an initially secret, but later public, subcommittee of the United States National Security Council responsible for coordinating government covert operations. ...

He was a strong proponent for participating in Vietnam early in his tenure. He supported escalating the American involvement and the bombing of North Vietnam. He later came to strongly regret the decision, one of the first administration members to do so. He spent much of the rest of his career trying to understand how he and so many others had made such a terrible mistake. The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in Hanoi, September 2nd1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the...

He left government in 1966 to take over as president of the Ford Foundation, a position he held until 1979. Some critics such as Kai Bird have suggested that the Ford Foundation may not have been independent of U.S. government foreign policy during that period (see The Color of Truth). Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... The Ford Foundation is a charitable foundation based in New York City created to fund programs that promote democracy, reduce poverty, promote international understanding, and advance human achievement. ... Kai Bird is an American Pulitzer Prize-winning author and columnist, best known for his biographies of political figures. ... A countrys foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how that particular country will interact with other countries of the world and, to a lesser extent, non-state actors. ... The Color of Truth is a book by Kai Bird, published by Touchstone Books in June 2000. ...

From 1979 to 1989, he was Professor of History at New York University. He was scholar-in-residence at the Carnegie Corporation from 1990–1996. New York University (NYU) is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational research university in New York City. ... The Carnegie Corporation was founded by the will of Andrew Carnegie in 1911 to promote the advancement and diffusion of knowledge and understanding. ...

His brother William Bundy was also a foreign policy figure during the Vietnam War.

See also

• The Best and the Brightest
• Ford Foundation
• Carnegie Corporation
• Council on Foreign Relations

The Best and the Brightest (1972) is an account by journalist David Halberstam on the origins of the Vietnam War. ... The Ford Foundation is a charitable foundation based in New York City created to fund programs that promote democracy, reduce poverty, promote international understanding, and advance human achievement. ... The Carnegie Corporation was founded by the will of Andrew Carnegie in 1911 to promote the advancement and diffusion of knowledge and understanding. ... The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an influential and independent, nonpartisan foreign policy membership organization founded in 1921 and based at 58 East 68th Street (corner Park Avenue) in New York City, with an additional office in Washington, D.C. Through its membership, meetings, and studies, it has been...

Further reading

• Bird, Kai. The Color of Truth: McGeorge and William Bundy, Brothers in Arms: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998. ISBN 0684809702.
• Bundy, McGeorge. Danger and Survival: Choices about the Bomb in the First Fifty Years. New York: Vintage Books, 1988. ISBN 0394522788.
• Bundy, McGeorge. "The Issue Before the Court: Who Gets Ahead in America?", The Atlantic Monthly 240, no. 5 (November 1977), pp. 41–54.
• Halberstam, David. "The Very Expensive Education of McGeorge Bundy". Harper's Magazine 239, no. 1430 (July 1969), pp. 21–41.
• Gardner, Lloyd. "Harry Hopkins with Hand Grenades? McGeorge Bundy in the Kennedy and Johnson Years", in Behind the Throne: Servants of Power to Imperial Presidents, 1898–1968, ed. by Thomas J. McCormick and Walter LaFeber. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1993. pp. 204–229. ISBN 0299137406.
• Nünlist, Christian. Kennedys rechte Hand: McGeorge Bundys Einfluss als Nationaler Sicherheitsberater auf die amerikanische Aussenpolitik, 1961–63. Zurich: Center for Security Studies, 1999. ISBN 3905641615.
• Preston, Andrew. The War Council: McGeorge Bundy, the NSC, and Vietnam. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006. ISBN 0674021983.

Notes

1. ^ Covert CIA side to the Marshall Plan - see Kai Bird, The Color of Truth: McGeorge and William Bundy, Brothers in Arms: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998, (p.106)
2. ^ Miller, James E. (2001). Foreign Relations, 1964–1968 Volume XII. United States Government Printing Office. 

The logotype of the United States Government Printing Office In the United States, the Government Printing Office (GPO) prints and provides access to documents produced by and for all three branches of the federal government, including the Supreme Court, the Congress, and all executive branch agencies like the FCC and...

External links

• McGeorge Bundy at Harvard
• Interview about the Cuban Missile Crisis for the WGBH series, War and Peace in the Nuclear Age
• Biography of McGeorge Bundy (in German)
• Review of biography of brothers William and McGeorge Bundy
• McGeorge Bundy headed the Ford Foundation from 1966–1979
• point of view of Nuremberg trial prosecutor Telford Taylor on McGeorge Bundy

• Pentagon papers: Telegram From the Ambassador in Vietnam (Lodge) to McGeorge Bundy on US Options With Respect to a Possible Coup, mentioning the term "plausible denial" Alternative link: Pentagon papers, Telegram 216, same cable
• Annotated bibliography for McGeorge Bundy from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues