The McKinley National Memorial, a landmark in Canton, Ohio, United States is the final resting place for the 25th President of the United States, William McKinley.

Canton was a significant location in McKinley's life; he lived there, practiced as an attorney, and conducted his campaign from the town.

Memorial Association, contributions

Following the funeral, several of the President’s closest advisors, including William R. Day of Canton and Ohio Senator Marcus Hanna, met to discuss the location of a proper memorial to serve as a final resting place. Out of this meeting the McKinley National Memorial Association was formed. The first board of trustees was named by President Theodore Roosevelt. The Association chose a site often visited by President McKinley. In fact, McKinley once suggested that a monument be erected on that very site to honor soldiers and sailors from Stark County killed in American wars.

By October 10, 1901, the Association issued a public appeal for $600,000 in contributions for the construction project. Ohio Governor George Nash supported the effort by proclaiming McKinley’s birthday in 1902 a special day of observance by the state’s schools. On that day school children contributed to the memorial fund in large numbers by bringing in their pennies. In June 1903 contributions reached $500,000, and the Association invited design ideas for the proposed memorial.

Designs, construction

Over sixty designs were submitted, and Harold Van Buren Magonigle of New York City was selected as the winner. Magonigle envisioned a cross-hilted sword with a mausoleum located at the junction of the blade, guard, and hilt. The Long Water and main steps would form the blade of the sword. (The water was drained in the 1950s and re-landscaped.) This design combined the cross of a martyr with the sword of a President who had acted as commander-in-chief during wartime.

Construction of the memorial began on June 6, 1905, when Mr. Magonigle removed the first shovel of soil from the site. By November 16 the cornerstone was laid in an official ceremony attended by Mrs. McKinley and other family members. More than 35,000 cubic yards (27,000 m³) of soil were added to create four terraces coinciding in height and pitch with the four runs of steps in the main staircase. The steps are 50 feet wide and arranged in four flights of 24. Another 12 steps take visitors into the monument.

Ceremony

The McKinley National Memorial dedication on September 30, 1907, was one of the most memorable events in Canton's history. President Theodore Roosevelt joined other dignitaries to observe a grand parade from the review stand at Public Square in downtown Canton. Next came the dedication ceremony. Supreme Court Justice William R. Day, as President of the McKinley National Memorial Association, delivered a narration of the events leading to the dedication. Finally, President Roosevelt, the principal speaker of the day, addressed the crowd, highlighting McKinley’s career.

Maintenance, rededication

After the dedication, the McKinley National Memorial Association continued to administer the monument. Eventually, it became difficult for the Association to maintain the structure and the grounds. On October 20, 1943, the property was transferred to the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, now the Ohio Historical Society. In 1951 the state of Ohio completed a major rehabilitation to the site, including filling in the Long Water. The work was done in time for a commemoration of the 50th anniversary of President McKinley’s death. A re-dedication of the Memorial was held on September 16, 1951.

The McKinley National Memorial returned to local control in 1973 when the property was transferred to the Stark County Historical Society. After five years of restoration work and enhancement of the grounds the McKinley National Memorial was rededicated on September 29, 1992.

External Links

• McKinley National Memorial (http://www.mckinleymuseum.org)
• Ohio Historical Society (http://www.ohiohistory.org)