Anaerobic digestion and air processing components of Lübeck mechanical biological treatment plant in Germany

A mechanical biological treatment system is a form of waste processing facility that combines a sorting facility with a form of biological treatment such as composting or anaerobic digestion. MBT plants are designed to process mixed household waste water boyee commercial and industrial wastes. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 402 pixelsFull resolution (1898 × 954 pixel, file size: 322 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photograph of anaerobic digesters at the Lubeck Waste Treatment Facility a mechanical biological treatment plant. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 402 pixelsFull resolution (1898 × 954 pixel, file size: 322 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photograph of anaerobic digesters at the Lubeck Waste Treatment Facility a mechanical biological treatment plant. ... Anaerobic digestion and air filtration components of the plant The Lübeck Waste Treatment Facility is a mechanical biological treatment plant located near the city of Lübeck in Germany. ... An active compost heap, steaming on a cold winter morning. ... Two-stage, low-solids, UASB anaerobic digesters as part of a mechanical biological treatment system, with sequencing batch reactor Anaerobic digestion (AD) is where the naturally occurring processes of anaerobic degradation is harnessed and contained. ... “Municipal waste” redirects here. ... Commercial waste is consists of waste from premises used wholly or mainly for the purposes of a trade or business or for the purpose of sport, recreation, education or entertainment but not including household; agricultural or industrial waste [1]. List of waste management companies List of waste management topics List... Industrial waste is a waste caused by industrial factories or mills. ...

Process

Process flow chart

The terms 'mechanical biological treatment' or 'mechanical biological pre-treatment' related to a group of solid waste treatment systems. These systems enable the recovery of materials contained within the and stabilisation of the biodegradable component of the materialer.^{[1] [2]} Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The following page contains a list of different forms of waste treatment Anaerobic digestion ArrowBio Composting Gasification Incineration In-vessel composting Landfill Mechanical biological treatment Mechanical heat treatment Plasma Pyrolysis Recycling Sewage treatment Tunnel composting UASB Windrow composting Categories: | ...

The sorting component of the plants resemble a materials recovery facility. This component is either configured to recover the individual elements of the waste or produce a refuse-derived fuel that can be used for the generation of power. A materials recovery facility or materials reclamation facility (MRF -- pronounced murf) is a specialized plant that receives, separates and prepares recyclable materials for marketing to end-user manufacturers. ...

The components of the mixed waste stream that can be recovered include:

• Metals
• Plastics
• Glass

This article is about metallic materials. ... For other uses, see Plastic (disambiguation). ... This article is about the material. ...

Terminology

MBT is also sometimes termed BMT – biological mechanical treatment – however this simply refers to the order of processing, i.e. the biological phase of the system precedes the mechanical sorting. MBT should not be confused with MHT – mechanical heat treatment - which does not include any form of biological degradation or stabilisation. Mechanical heat treatment (MHT) is an alternative waste treatment technology. ...

Mechanical sorting

See also: Materials recovery facility

Wet material recovery facility, Hiriya

The "mechanical" element is usually an automated mechanical sorting stage. This either removes recyclable elements from a mixed waste stream (such as metals, plastics and glass) or processes them. It typically involves factory style conveyors, industrial magnets, eddy current separators, trommels, shredders and other tailor made systems. The mechanical element has a number of similarities to a materials recovery facility (MRF).^[3] A materials recovery facility or materials reclamation facility (MRF -- pronounced murf) is a specialized plant that receives, separates and prepares recyclable materials for marketing to end-user manufacturers. ... Image File history File links MBT_sorting. ... Image File history File links MBT_sorting. ... Hiriya (Hebrew: ) is a former waste dump located outside Tel-Aviv in Israel. ... Point of contact between a power transmission belt and its pulley A conveyor belt or belt conveyor consists of two end pulleys, with a continuous loop of material that rotates about them. ... For other uses, see Magnet (disambiguation). ... As the circular plate moves down through a small region of constant magnetic field directed into the page, eddy currents are induced in the plate. ... A trommel (from the Dutch word for drum, trommel), is a screened cylinder used to separate materials by size - for example, separating different sizes of crushed stone. ... A shredder is a machine that tears objects into smaller pieces. ...

Some systems integrate a wet MRF to recover & wash the recyclable elements of the waste in a form that can be sent for recycling. MBT can alternatively process the waste to produce a high calorific fuel given the term refuse derived fuel (RDF). RDF can be used in cement kilns or power plants and is generally made up from plastics and biodegradable organic waste. Systems which are configured to produce RDF include the Herhof and Ecodeco Processes. It is a common misconception that all MBT processes produce RDF. This is not the case and depends strictly on system configuration and suitable local markets for MBT outputs. Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) or solid recovered fuel (SRF) is a fuel produced by shredding municipal solid waste (MSW) or steam pressure treating in an autoclave. ...

Biological processing

See also: composting and anaerobic digestion

Twin stage & UASB anaerobic digesters

The "biological" element refers to either: An active compost heap, steaming on a cold winter morning. ... Two-stage, low-solids, UASB anaerobic digesters as part of a mechanical biological treatment system, with sequencing batch reactor Anaerobic digestion (AD) is where the naturally occurring processes of anaerobic degradation is harnessed and contained. ... Image File history File links MBT_anaerobicdigesters. ... Image File history File links MBT_anaerobicdigesters. ... UASB - Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket technology normally referred to as UASB Reactor is used in the treatment of wastewater. ... Anaerobic digesters are used to create anaerobic, meaning without oxygen, conditions so that anaerobic bacteria can efficiently digest biomass, sewage or other organic matter. ...

• Anaerobic digestion
• Composting
• Biodrying

Anaerobic digestion breaks down the biodegradable component of the waste to produce biogas and soil improver. The biogas can be used to generate electricity and heat. Biodegradable waste is a type of waste, typically originating from plant or animal sources, which may be broken down by other living organisms. ... Biogas-bus in Bern, Switzerland Biogas typically refers to a (biofuel) gas produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of organic matter including manure, sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, biodegradable waste or any other biodegradable feedstock, under anaerobic conditions. ... Acidogenic digestate produced from mixed municipal waste Digestate is solid material remaining after the anaerobic digestion of a biodegradable feedstock. ... Electricity (from New Latin Ä“lectricus, amberlike) is a general term for a variety of phenomena resulting from the presence and flow of electric charge. ... For other uses, see Heat (disambiguation) In physics, heat, symbolized by Q, is energy transferred from one body or system to another due to a difference in temperature. ...

Biological can also refer to a composting stage. Here the organic component is treated with aerobic microorganisms. They break down the waste into carbon dioxide and compost. There is no green energy produced by systems employing only composting treatment for the biodegradable waste.

In the case of biodrying, the waste material undergoes a period of rapid heating through the action of aerobic microbes. During this partial composting stage the heat generated by the microbes result in rapid drying of the waste. These systems are often configured to produce a refuse-derived fuel where a dry, light material is advantageous for later transport combustion.

Some systems incorporate both anaerobic digestion and composting. This may either take the form of a full anaerobic digestion phase, followed by the maturation (composting) of the digestate. Alternatively a partial anaerobic digestion phase can be induced on water that is percolated through the raw waste, dissolving the readily available sugars, with the remaining material being sent to a windrow composting facility. This page is given by a great person named sudhir kaushik. ...

By processing the biodegradable waste either by anaerobic digestion or by composting MBT technologies help to reduce the contribution of greenhouse gases to global warming. A handful of compost A double-wide bin with compost at different stages of decomposition Compost is the aerobically decomposed remnants of organic materials. ... Top: Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels as measured in the atmosphere and ice cores. ... Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earths near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation. ...

Consideration of applications

MBT systems can form an integral part of a region's waste treatment infrastructure. These systems are typically integrated with kerbside collection shemes. In the event that a refuse-derived fuel is produced as a by-product then a combustion facility would be required. This article needs cleanup. ...

Alternatively MBT solutions can diminish the need for home separation and kerbside collection of recyclable elements of waste. This gives the ability of local authorities and councils to reduce the use of waste vehicles on the roads and keep recycling rates high.

Position of Environmental Groups

Friends of the Earth suggests that the best environmental route for residual waste is to firstly remove the remaining recyclable elements from the waste stream (such as metals, plastics and some paper). The small amount of waste remaining should be composted or anaerobically digested and unless sufficiently clean to be used as a compost should be disposed of by incineration or - as the least favourable option - in landfills^[4]. MBT plants that fit in with these statements could therefore play an increasing role in the environmental management of mixed streams. ^[5] Friends of the Earth is an international network of environmental organizations in 70 countries. ... “Municipal waste” redirects here. ... For other forms of waste plant that produce energy see waste-to-energy. ... Look up landfill in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

See also

Energy Portal

Environment Portal

Sustainable development Portal

• Anaerobic digestion
• Composting
• List of solid waste treatment technologies
• Lubeck Waste Treatment Facility
• Materials recovery facility
• Renewable energy
• Waste
• Waste management

Image File history File links Crystal_128_energy. ... Image File history File links Portal. ... Image File history File links Sustainable_development. ... Two-stage, low-solids, UASB anaerobic digesters as part of a mechanical biological treatment system, with sequencing batch reactor Anaerobic digestion (AD) is where the naturally occurring processes of anaerobic degradation is harnessed and contained. ... An active compost heap, steaming on a cold winter morning. ... The following page contains a list of different forms of waste treatment Anaerobic digestion ArrowBio Composting Gasification Incineration In-vessel composting Landfill Mechanical biological treatment Mechanical heat treatment Plasma Pyrolysis Recycling Sewage treatment Tunnel composting UASB Windrow composting Categories: | ... Anaerobic digestion and air filtration components of the plant The Lübeck Waste Treatment Facility is a mechanical biological treatment plant located near the city of Lübeck in Germany. ... A materials recovery facility or materials reclamation facility (MRF -- pronounced murf) is a specialized plant that receives, separates and prepares recyclable materials for marketing to end-user manufacturers. ... Renewable energy effectively utilizes natural resources such as sunlight, wind, tides and geothermal heat, which are naturally replenished. ... For other uses, see Waste (disambiguation). ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Waste For the company, see Waste Management, Inc. ...

External links

• Environment Agency Waste Technology Data Centre An independent UK government review of advanced waste treatment technologies.
• Enviros Mechanical Biological Treatment Information Page
• Juniper MBT report An independent study of MBT technologies commissioned with the use of UK landfill tax credits.
• SEPA MBT Planning Information Sheet Fact Sheet for Scottish Planning Considerations

References

1. ^ Enviros (2006) Mechanical biological treatment website, www.mbt.landfill-site.com, Waste Technology Home Page, Accessed 22.11.06
2. ^ Juniper (2005) MBT: A Guide for Decision Makers – Processes, Policies & Markets, www.juniper.co.uk, (Project funding supplied by Sita Environmental Trust), Accessed 22.11.06
3. ^ Sita (2004) Sita Mechanical Biological Treatment Position Paper, www.sita.co.uk, Accessed 22.11.06
4. ^ On the Main EU Directives on Waste, Briefing document by Friends of the Earth
5. ^ Friends of the Earth (2005)MBT & FOE, www.foe.co.uk, Mechanical Biological Treatment Briefing, Friends of the Earth, Accessed 22.11.06