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Encyclopedia > Mecicobothriidae
?Dwarf Tarantulas
A digital drawing of a typical "dwarf tarantula"
A digital drawing of a typical "dwarf tarantula"
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Suborder: Mygalomorphae
Superfamily: Mecicobothrioidea
Family: Mecicobothriidae
Helmburg, 1882
Diversity
4 genera, 8 species

Genera

Hexura (Simon, 1884)
Hexurella (Gertsch & Platnick, 1979)
Mecicobothrium (Holmberg, 1882)
Megahexura (Kaston, 1972)
Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms (as opposed to folk taxonomy). ... Phyla Subregnum Parazoa Porifera (sponges) Subregnum Agnotozoa Placozoa (trichoplax) Orthonectida (orthonectids) Rhombozoa (dicyemids) Subregnum Eumetazoa Radiata (unranked) (radial symmetry) Ctenophora (comb jellies) Cnidaria (coral, jellyfish, anemones) Bilateria (unranked) (bilateral symmetry) Acoelomorpha (basal) Orthonectida (parasitic to flatworms, echinoderms, etc. ... Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - Trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - Spiders, Scorpions, etc. ... Orders Acarina Amblypygi Araneae Opiliones Palpigradi Pseudoscorpionida Ricinulei Schizomida Scorpiones Solifugae Uropygi The arachnids, Arachnida, are a class of invertebrate animals in the subphylum Chelicerata. ... For other uses, see Spider (disambiguation). ... Families Antrodiaetidae (folding trapdoor spider) Atypidae (atypical tarantula) Ctenizidae (trapdoor spider) Cyrtaucheniidae (wafer trapdoor spider) Dipluridae (funnel-web tarantula) Hexathelidae (venomous funnel-web tarantula) Mecicobothriidae (dwarf tarantulas) Theraphosidae (tarantula) The Mygalomorphae, (also called the Orthognatha), are an infraorder of spiders. ... Eugène Simon (April 30, 1848 - November 17, 1924) was a French arachnologist. ...

Dwarf tarantulas, also known as sheet funnel-web spiders are a type of spider from the family Mecicobothriidae. Dwarf tarantuls are one of several families of the sub-order Mygalomorphae; this larger group also includes the true tarantulas. In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ... Families Antrodiaetidae (folding trapdoor spider) Atypidae (atypical tarantula) Ctenizidae (trapdoor spider) Cyrtaucheniidae (wafer trapdoor spider) Dipluridae (funnel-web tarantula) Hexathelidae (venomous funnel-web tarantula) Mecicobothriidae (dwarf tarantulas) Theraphosidae (tarantula) The Mygalomorphae, (also called the Orthognatha), are an infraorder of spiders. ... Diversity 113 genera, 897 species Genera Subfamily Acanthopelminae    Acanthopelma Subfamily Aviculariinae    Avicularia    Ephobopus    Pachistopelma    Tapinauchenius Subfamily Eumenophorinae    Anoploscelus    Batesiella    Citharischius    Encyocrates    Eumenophorus    Hysterocrates    Loxomphalia    Loxoptygus    Monocentropus    Myostola    Phoneyusa    Polyspina Subfamily Harpactirinae    Ceratogyrus    Coelogenium    Eucratoscelus    Harpactira    Pterinochilus Subfamily Ischnocolinae    Chaetopelma    Cratorrhagus    Heterothele    Ischnocolus    Nesiergus    Plesiophrictus/Neoplesiophrictus Subfamily Ornithoctoninae    Citharognathus    Cyriopagopus    Haplopelma...

Contents


Description

Dwarf tarantulas, as the name indicates, appear like other species of tarantula, but are physically much smaller. Many specimens are smaller than 1 cm in length, and the largest in the family are seldom larger than 2 cm. The spiders, like all Mygalomorphae, have downward pointing fangs; dwarf tarantulas also have long spinnerets. A spinneret is a spiders silk spinning organ. ...


Habitat and range

Many dwarf tarantulas make loose sheet webs around debris, living close to the soil in cracks or under rocks or other objects. It is expected that they have simliar capturing techniques to funnel-web tarantulas. Genera See text Funnel-web tarantulas (family Dipluridae) resemble other mygalomorphs in having downward stabbing fangs and two pairs of booklungs. ...


All but one species of dwarf tarantula (Mecicobothrium thorelli) are native to North America, with most of them native to the United States. Hexurella encina is native to Mexico, and M. thorelli is a South American species, found in Argentina and Uruguay World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...


Hexura picea and H. rothi are known to occur in the Pacific Northwest; Hexurella rupicola and Megahexura fulva are known to occur in California. H. apachea and H. pinea are found in Arizona. Darker red states are always considered part of the Pacific Northwest. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Official language(s) None Capital Phoenix Largest city Phoenix Area  Ranked 6th  - Total 113,998 sq mi (295,254 km²)  - Width 310 miles (500 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 0. ...


Classification

There are currently only 4 recognized genera and 8 recognized species in this family. These are: See genus (mathematics) for the use of the term in mathematics. ... In biology, a species is a kind of organism. ...


Hexura Simon, 1884

  • Hexura picea Simon, 1884 (USA)
  • Hexura rothi Gertsch & Platnick, 1979 (USA)

Hexurella Gertsch & Platnick, 1979

  • Hexurella apachea Gertsch & Platnick, 1979 (USA)
  • Hexurella encina Gertsch & Platnick, 1979 (Mexico)
  • Hexurella pinea Gertsch & Platnick, 1979 (USA)
  • Hexurella rupicola Gertsch & Platnick, 1979 (USA)

Mecicobothrium Holmberg, 1882

  • Mecicobothrium thorelli Holmberg, 1882 (Argentina, Uruguay)

Megahexura Kaston, 1972

  • Megahexura fulva (Chamberlin, 1919) (USA)

References

  • Costa, F.G. & Pérez-Miles, F. (1998). Behavior, life cycle, and webs of Mecicobothrium thorelli, The Journal of Arachnology 26:317-329 PDF
  • Gertsch, W.G. & Platnick, N.I. (1979). A revision of the spider family Mecicobothriidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). American Museum novitates 2687 PDF (14Mb) - Abstract

External links



Arthropoda - Arachnida - Spider families (Araneae) Spider web


 
 

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