A memoir, as a literarygenre, forms a sub-class of autobiography. Memoirs may appear less structured and less all-encompassing than formal autobiographical works. They are often about part of a life, and often a public part of one's life, rather than one's whole life, from youth to old age.
Memoirs are commonly written by political and military leaders.
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Memoirs may appear less structured and less encompassing than formal autobiographical works as they are usually about part of a life, often a public part, rather than the chronological telling of a life from childhood to adulthood/old age.
In another vein, the pagan rhetor Libanius framed his life memoir as one of his orations, not the public kind, but the literary kind that would be read aloud in the privacy of one's study.
This kind of memoir refers to the idea in ancient Greece and Rome, that memoirs were like "memos," pieces of unfinished and unpublished writing which a writer might use as a memory aid to make a more finished document later on.