| Meniscus (anatomy) | | | | Head of right tibia seen from above, showing menisci and attachments of ligaments | | | | Left knee-joint from behind, showing interior ligaments | | Dorlands/Elsevier | m_09/12524685 | In anatomy, a meniscus is a moon-shaped figure.[1] It usually refers to either of two specific parts of cartilage of the knee. The knee contains a lateral meniscus and a medial meniscus. Both are cartilaginous tissues that provide structural integrity to the knee when it undergoes tension and torsion. The menisci are also known as 'semi-lunar' cartilages - referring to their half-moon "C" shape - a term which has been largely dropped by the medical profession, but which led to the menisci being called knee 'cartilages' by the lay public. Image File history File links Gray349. ...
Image File history File links Gray348. ...
Elseviers logo. ...
Human heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
Cartilage is a type of dense connective tissue. ...
For other uses, see Knee (disambiguation). ...
The lateral meniscus, also called the external semilunar fibrocartilage is a fibrocartilaginous band that spans the lateral knee. ...
The medial meniscus is a fibrocartilage band that spans the medial knee, and lies on the head of the tibia. ...
Cartilage is type of dense connective tissue. ...
Tension is a reaction force applied by a stretched string (rope or a similar object) on the objects which stretch it. ...
Look up torsion in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Although menisci are largely associated with the knee, they are similar in function to structures called articular disks in other parts of the body.[2] Diagrammatic section of a diarthrodial joint, with an articular disk. ...
Anatomy
The menisci are two pads of cartilaginous tissue which serve to disperse friction in the knee joint between the lower leg (tibia) and the thigh (femur). They are shaped concave on the top and flat on the bottom, articulating the tibia. They are attached to the small depressions (fossae) between the condyles of the tibia (intercondyloid fossa), and towards the center they are unattached and their shape narrows to a thin shelf.[3] Cartilage is type of dense connective tissue. ...
For other uses, see Knee (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the vertebrate bone. ...
The femur or thigh bone is the longest, most voluminous, and strongest bone of the mammalian bodies. ...
Fossa is the Latin word for ditch or trench. ...
Function The menisci act to disperse the weight of the body and reduce friction during movement. Since the condyles of the femur and tibia meet at one point (which changes during flexion and extension), the menisci spread the load of the body's weight.[4] This differs from sesamoid bones, which are made of osseous tissue and whose function primarily is to protect the nearby tendon and to increase its mechanical effect. In anatomy, Flexion is movement whereby bones or other objects are brought closer together. ...
Human anatomical terms make up a distinct nomenclature to describe areas of the body, to provide orientation when describing parts of human anatomy,[1] and to distinguish different movements of the body. ...
In anatomy, a sesamoid bone is a bone embedded within a tendon. ...
Osseous tissue, or bone tissue is the major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body. ...
Injury -
Main article: Tear of meniscus In sports and orthopedics, people will sometimes speak of "torn cartilage" and actually be referring to an injury to one of the menisci. This fracture of the lower cervical vertebrae, known as a teardrop fracture is one of the conditions treated by orthopaedic surgeons. ...
The Unhappy Triad is a set of commonly co-occurring knee injuries which includes injury to the medial meniscus. There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...
References 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
See also The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of fibrocartilage located at the peripheral aspect of the knee joint that offers lubrication and nutrition to the joint. ...
The anterior cruciate ligament (or ACL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. ...
External links | Joints and ligaments of lower limbs | | Coxal/hip | femoral (iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral) - head of femur - transverse acetabular | | Knee-joint | extracapsular: patellar - popliteal (oblique, arcuate) - collateral (medial/tibial, fibular/lateral) intracapsular: cruciate (anterior, posterior) - menisci (medial, lateral) - transverse | | Tibiofibular | Superior tibiofibular: anterior of the head of the fibula - posterior of the head of the fibula Inferior tibiofibular: anterior of the lateral malleolus - posterior of the lateral malleolus | | Talocrural/ankle | medial: medial of talocrural joint/deltoid (anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal, tibionavicular) lateral: lateral collateral of ankle joint (anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular) | | Foot - subtalar/talocalcaneal | anterior/posterior - lateral/medial - interosseous | | Foot - transverse tarsal | Talocalcaneonavicular: dorsal talonavicular - plantar calcaneonavicular/spring - bifurcated (calcaneonavicular) Calcaneocuboid: dorsal calcaneocuboid - long plantar - plantar calcaneocuboid - bifurcated (calcaneocuboid) | | Foot - distal intertarsal | Cuneonavicular: plantar - dorsal Cuboideonavicular: plantar - dorsal For other uses, see Joint (disambiguation). ...
In anatomy, the term ligament is used to denote three different types of structures:[1] Fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones. ...
In common usage, a human leg is the lower limb of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee, and the cnemis. ...
In anatomy, the hip is the bony projection of the femur which is known as the greater trochanter, and the overlying muscle and fat. ...
The iliofemoral ligament (Y-ligament; ligament of Bigelow) is a band of great strength which lies in front of the hip joint; it is intimately connected with the joint capsule, and serves to strengthen the joint by resisting hyperextension. ...
The pubocapsular ligament (pubofemoral ligament) is a ligament on the inferior side of the of the hip joint. ...
The ischiocapsular ligament (ischiofemoral ligament, ischiocapsular band; ligament of Bertin) consists of a triangular band of strong fibers on the posterior side of the hip joint. ...
The ligament of the head of the femur is a triangular, somewhat flattened band implanted by its apex into the antero-superior part of the fovea capitis femoris; its base is attached by two bands, one into either side of the acetabular notch, and between these bony attachments it blends...
The Transverse Acetabular Ligament (transverse ligament) is in reality a portion of the acetabular labrum, though differing from it in having no cartilage cells among its fibers. ...
For other uses, see Knee (disambiguation). ...
The Patellar ligament (anterior ligament) is the central portion of the common tendon of the Quadriceps femoris, which is continued from the patella to the tuberosity of the tibia. ...
The oblique popliteal ligament (posterior ligament) is a broad, flat, fibrous band, formed of fasciculi separated from one another by apertures for the passage of vessels and nerves. ...
The arcuate popliteal ligament is an extracapsular ligament of the knee. ...
The medial collateral ligament or MCL (or tibial collateral ligament) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. ...
The Fibular Collateral Ligament (external lateral or long external lateral ligament) is a strong, rounded, fibrous cord, attached, above, to the back part of the lateral condyle of the femur, immediately above the groove for the tendon of the Popliteus; below, to the lateral side of the head of the...
The anterior cruciate ligament (or ACL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. ...
Diagram of the knee The posterior cruciate ligament (or PCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. ...
The medial meniscus is a fibrocartilage band that spans the medial knee, and lies on the head of the tibia. ...
The lateral meniscus, also called the external semilunar fibrocartilage is a fibrocartilaginous band that spans the lateral knee. ...
The superior tibiofibular articulation is an arthrodial joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. ...
The anterior ligament of the head of the fibula (anterior superior ligament) consists of two or three broad and flat bands, which pass obliquely upward from the front of the head of the fibula to the front of the lateral condyle of the tibia. ...
The posterior ligament of the head of the fibula is a part of the knee. ...
The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. ...
The anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus (anterior tibiofibular ligament, anterior inferior ligament) is a flat, triangular band of fibers, broader below than above, which extends obliquely downward and lateralward between the adjacent margins of the tibia and fibula, on the front aspect of the syndesmosis. ...
The posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus (posterior tibiofibular ligament, posterior inferior ligament). ...
For a review of anatomical terms, see Anatomical position and Anatomical terms of location. ...
The medial ligament of talocrural joint (or deltoid ligament) is a strong, flat, triangular band, attached, above, to the apex and anterior and posterior borders of the medial malleolus. ...
The anterior talofibular ligament passes from the anterior margin of the fibular malleolus, forward and medially, to the talus, in front of its lateral articular facet. ...
The posterior talofibular ligament, runs almost horizontally from the depression at the medial and back part of the fibular malleolus to a prominent tubercle on the posterior surface of the talus immediately lateral to the groove for the tendon of the Flexor hallucis longus. ...
The calcaneofibular ligament is a narrow, rounded cord, running from the apex of the fibular malleolus downward and slightly backward to a tubercle on the lateral surface of the calcaneus. ...
For a review of anatomical terms, see Anatomical position and Anatomical terms of location. ...
The anterior talocalcaneal ligament (anterior calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) extends from the front and lateral surface of the neck of the talus to the superior surface of the calcaneus. ...
The posterior talocalcaneal ligament (posterior calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) connects the lateral tubercle of the talus with the upper and medial part of the calcaneus; it is a short band, and its fibers radiate from their narrow attachment to the talus. ...
The lateral talocalcaneal ligament (external calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) is a short, strong fasciculus, passing from the lateral surface of the talus, immediately beneath its fibular facet to the lateral surface of the calcaneus. ...
The medial talocalcaneal ligament (internal calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) connects the medial tubercle of the back of the talus with the back of the sustentaculum tali. ...
The interosseous talocalcaneal ligament forms the chief bond of union between the bones. ...
The transverse tarsal joint is formed by the articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid, and the articulation of the talus with the navicular. ...
The Talocalcaneonavicular Articulation is an arthrodial joint: the rounded head of the talus being received into the concavity formed by the posterior surface of the navicular, the anterior articular surface of the calcaneus, and the upper surface of the planter calcaneonavicular ligament. ...
The dorsal talonavicular ligament is a broad, thin band, which connects the neck of the talus to the dorsal surface of the navicular bone; it is covered by the Extensor tendons. ...
The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (also known as the spring ligament) is a ligament on the underside of the foot that connects the calcaneus with the navicular bone. ...
The bifurcated ligament (internal calcaneocuboid, interosseous ligament, bifurcate ligament) is a strong band, attached behind to the deep hollow on the upper surface of the calcaneus and dividing in front in a Y-shaped manner into a calcaneocuboid and a calcaneonavicular part. ...
Calcaneocuboid Articulation (articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid). ...
The dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament (superior calcaneocuboid ligament) is a thin but broad fasciculus, which passes between the contiguous surfaces of the calcaneus and cuboid, on the dorsal surface of the joint. ...
The long plantar ligament (long calcaneocuboid ligament; superficial long plantar ligament) is a long ligament on the underside of the foot that connects the calcaneus with the cuboid bone. ...
The plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short calcaneocuboid ligament; short plantar ligament) is a ligament on the bottom of the foot that connects the calcaneus to the cuboid bone. ...
The bifurcated ligament (internal calcaneocuboid, interosseous ligament, bifurcate ligament) is a strong band, attached behind to the deep hollow on the upper surface of the calcaneus and dividing in front in a Y-shaped manner into a calcaneocuboid and a calcaneonavicular part. ...
Intertarsal articulations are the joints of the tarsus. ...
Cuneonavicular Articulation (articulation of the navicular with the cuneiform bones). ...
The Plantar cuneonavicular ligaments are fibrous bands that connect the plantar surface of the navicular bone to the adjacent plantar surfaces of the three cuneiform bones. ...
Cuneonavicular Articulation (articulation of the navicular with the cuneiform bones). ...
Intercuneiform: plantar - dorsal - interosseous | | Foot - other | Tarsometatarsal/Lisfranc: plantar - dorsal Intermetatarsal/metatarsal: plantar - dorsal - interosseous - superficial transverse - deep transverse Tarsometatarsal Articulations - These are arthrodial joints. ...
Intermetatarsal Articulations - The base of the first metatarsal is not connected with that of the second by any ligaments; in this respect the great toe resembles the thumb. ...
Metatarsophalangeal: plantar - collateral The metatarsophalangeal articulations are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metatarsal bones in shallow cavities on the ends of the first phalanges. ...
Interphalangeal: plantar - collateral | | Arches of the foot | Longitudinal - Transverse | The interphalangeal articulations of the foot (articulations of the phalanges) are ginglymoid joints, and each has a plantar and two collateral ligaments. ...
In order to allow it to support the weight of the body in the erect posture with the least expenditure of material, the foot is constructed of a series of arches formed by the tarsal and metatarsal bones, and strengthened by the ligaments and tendons of the foot. ...
The Longitudinal arch of the foot can be broken down into several smaller arches: // The main arches are the antero-posterior arches, which may, for descriptive purposes, be regarded as divisible into two typesâa medial and a lateral. ...
In addition to the longitudinal arches the foot presents a series of transverse arches. ...
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