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Encyclopedia > Mersin

This article is about the city of Mersin, see Mersin Province, (named İçel province until 2002), for information about the surrounding area. Location of Mersin Province Mersin province is in southern Turkey, along the Mediterranean coast. ... ... Also see: 2002 (number). ...

Mersin
Downtown Mersin
Location in Turkey
Overview
Region Mediterranean Region, Turkey
Province Mersin Province
Population 2,275,928 (1,345,000(central population) (2000)

NA Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Mersin_Turkey_Provinces_locator. ... Below each region you will find associated Cities with the region. ... Mediterranean Sea Region Mediterranean Region (Akdeniz Bölgesi), // Mediterranean Region Adana Province Antalya Province Burdur Province Hatay Province Isparta Province Kahramanmaraş Province Mersin province Osmaniye Province Provinces of Turkey Categories: | ... Provinces of Turkey are called iller in Turkish (singular is il, see Turkish alphabet for capitalization of i). ... Location of Mersin Province Mersin province is in southern Turkey, along the Mediterranean coast. ...

Area 15,853 km²
Population density 225 inh./km²
Elevation 100 m
Coordinates (1,345,000(central population)) 36°48′N 34°38′E / 36.8, 34.633Coordinates: (1,345,000(central population)) 36°48′N 34°38′E / 36.8, 34.633
Postal code 33xxx
Area code (0090)+ 324
Licence plate code 33
Mayor Macit Özcan (CHP)
Website Mersin

Mersin is a large city and a busy port on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey and is the capital of the Mersin province Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Basic Definition In geography, the elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or some other fixed point). ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Postal codes in Turkey are usually found generally start with the two digit license plate code followed by three digits to specify the location within the province. ... Turkey went from six (2+4) to seven digits (3+4) local phone numbers c. ... Turkish car number plates are license plates found on Turkish vehicles. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... Location of Mersin Province Mersin province is in southern Turkey, along the Mediterranean coast. ...

Contents

History

This coast has been inhabited since the 9th millennium BC. Excavations by John Garstang of the hill of Yümüktepe have revealed 23 levels of occupation, the earliest dating from ca. 6300 BC. A fortification was put up around 4500 BC, but the site appears to have been abandoned between 3200 BC and 1200 BC. Europe and surrounding areas in the 9th millennium BC. Blue areas are covered in ice. ... John Garstang (May 5, 1876 - September 12, 1956, Beirut) was a British archaeologist of the ancient Near East, especially Anatolia and the southern Levant. ... (6th millennium BC – 5th millennium BC – 4th millennium BC – other millennia) Events 4860 BC - Mount Mazama in Oregon collapses, forming a caldera that later fills with water and becomes Crater Lake, the deepest lake in the United States. ... (33rd century BC - 32nd century BC - 31st century BC - other centuries) (5th millennium BC - 4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC) Events Ancient Egypt: Earliest known Egyptian hieroglyphs Crete: Rise of Minoan civilization Neolithic settlement built at Skara Brae in the Orkney Islands, Scotland New Stone Age people in Ireland build... (Redirected from 1200 BC) Centuries: 14th century BC - 13th century BC - 12th century BC Decades: 1250s BC 1240s BC 1230s BC 1220s BC 1210s BC - 1200s BC - 1190s BC 1180s BC 1170s BC 1160s BC 1150s BC Events and Trends 1204 BC - Theseus, legendary King of Athens is deposed after...


Afterward the city was part of many states and civilizations including the Hittites, Assyrians, Greeks, the Macedonians of Alexander the Great, Seleucids, Lagids. During the Ancient Greek period, the city bore the name Zephyrion (Greek: Ζεφύριον[1]) and was mentioned by numerous ancient authors. Apart from its natural harbor and its strategic position along the trade routes of southern Anatolia, the city profited from trade in molybdenum (white lead) from the neighbouring mines of Coreyra. Ancient sources attributed the best molybdenum to the city, which also minted its own coins. Relief of Suppiluliuma II, last known king of the Hittite Empire The Hittites were an ancient people who spoke an Indo-European language, and established a kingdom centered at Hattusa (Hittite URU) in north-central Anatolia from the 18th century BC. In the 14th century BC, the Hittite empire was... It has been suggested that Assyrian people be merged into this article or section. ... Alexander the Great (Greek: ,[1][2] Megas Alexandros; July 20 356 BC – June 10 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, was an Ancient Greek king of Macedon (336–323 BC). ... The Seleucid Empire was one of several political states founded after the death of Alexander the Great, whose generals squabbled over the division of Alexanders empire. ... Ptolemy, one of Alexander the Greats generals, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexanders death in 323 BC. In 305 BC he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as Soter (saviour). ... The Temple of Athena, the Parthenon Ancient Greece is a period in Greek history that lasted for around nine hundred years. ... Anatolia and Europe Anatolia (Turkish: from Greek: Ανατολία - Anatolia) is a peninsula of Western Asia which forms the greater part of the Asian portion of Turkey, as opposed to the European portion (Thrace, or traditionally Rumelia). ... General Name, Symbol, Number molybdenum, Mo, 42 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6, 5, d Appearance gray metallic Standard atomic weight 95. ...


Then the area became the Roman, province of Cilicia, which had its capital at Tarsus while nearby Mersin was the major port. The city, whose name was Latinized to Zephyrium, was renamed Hadrianopolis for emperor Hadrian. Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent. ... Cilicia as Roman province, 120 AD In Antiquity, Cilicia (Κιλικία) was the name of a region, now known as Çukurova, and often a political unit, on the southeastern coast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey), north of Cyprus. ... In tetrapods, the tarsi are the cluster of bones in the foot between the tibia and fibula and the metatarsus. ... Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus (January 24, 76 –– July 10, 138), known as Hadrian in English, was emperor of Rome from 117 A.D. to 138 A.D., as well as a Stoic and Epicurean philosopher. ...


The Roman Empire split and this area fell into the half ruled from Byzantium (later Constantinople), which became the centre of trade in this part of the world, drawing investments and trade, and causing Mersin to lose its shine. Byzantium (Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city, which, according to legend, was founded by Greek colonists from Megara in 667 BC and named after their king Byzas or Byzantas (Βύζας or Βύζαντας in Greek). ... Map of Constantinople. ...


The city was Christianized early; and was the see of a bishop. Le Quien (Oriens christianus, II, 883) names four bishops of Zephyrium: Aerius, present at the Council of Constantinople in 381; Zenobius, a Nestorian, at the Second Council of Constantinople in 432-434; Hypatius, present at the Council of Chalcedon in 451; and Peter, at the Council in Trullo in 692. The city remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church, Zephyriensis; the see has been vacant since 1966. [2] The historical phenomenon of Christianization, the conversion of individuals to Christianity or the conversion of entire peoples at once (a political shift as much as a spontaneous mass shift in individual consciences), also includes the practice of converting pagan cult practices, pagan religious imagery, pagan sites and the pagan calendar... Look up see in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Michel Le Quien (Boulogne-sur-Mer 8 October 1661–Paris 12 March 1733) was a French historian and theologian. ... The First Council of Constantinople (second ecumenical council) was called by Theodosius I in 381 to confirm the Nicene Creed and deal with other matters of the Arian controversy . ... A deputation from the Roman Senate delivers to Gratianus the robe of the Pontifex Maximus, which had been worn by every Roman Emperor since Augustus. ... The term Nestorianism is eponymous, even though the person who lent his name to it always denied the associated belief. ... The Fifth Ecumenical Council (the Second Council of Constantinople) was a Christian Ecumenical Council that was held in 553. ... Events July 31 - Sixtus is elected to succeed Celestine as Pope. ... Events Aetius a general in the service of emperor Valentinian III holds power in Rome for twenty years. ... The Council of Chalcedon was an ecumenical council that took place from October 8 to November 1, 451, at Chalcedon (a city of Bithynia in Asia Minor), today part of the city of Istanbul on the Asian side of the Bosphorus and known as the district of Kadıköy. ... Events April 7 - The Huns sack Metz June 20 - Attila, king of the Huns is defeated at Troyes by Aëtius in the Battle of Chalons. ... Both the Fifth Ecumenical Council and the Sixth Ecumenical Council failed to produce disciplinary norms, for which reason the emperor Justinian II convoked an assembly in 692 to meet in Constantinople in the same hall where the Sixth Council had been held, called Trullo. As it sought to complete the... Events The Quinisext Council (also said in Trullo), held in Constantinople, laid the foundation for the Orthodox Canon Law The Arabs conquer Armenia. ... When first appointed auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Honolulu in Hawaii, Joseph Anthony Ferrario became a titular bishop of the titular see of the ancient Egyptian city of Cusae. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ...


Then came Arabs, Egyptian Tulunids, Seljuk Turks, Mongols, Crusaders, Armenians, Mamluks, Anatolian beyliks, and finally the city was conquered by the Ottomans in 1473. Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predominantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Roman Catholicism, Alawite Islam, Druzism, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism Footnotes a Mainly in Antakya. ... The Tulunids were the first independent dynasty in Islamic Egypt (868-905). ... The Seljuk coat of arms was a double headed eagle The Seljuk Turks (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq; in modern Turkish Selçuklular; in Persian سلجوقيان SaljÅ«qiyān; in Arabic سلجوق SaljÅ«q, or السلاجقة al-Salājiqa) were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that ruled parts of... The name Mongols (Mongolian: Mongol) specifies one or several ethnic groups. ... This article is about historical Crusades . ... A Mamluk cavalryman, drawn in 1810 A mamluk (Arabic: مملوك (singular), مماليك (plural), Turkish: Kölemen, owned; also transliterated mameluk, mameluke, or mamluke) was a slave soldier who was converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid sultans during the Middle Ages. ... Anatolian beyliks (also Turkmen beyliks, Tevâif-i mülûk (in Ottoman Turkish) are small Turkish emirates or muslim principalities governed by tribal beys, which were founded in several locations of Anatolia at the end of the 13th century. ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul ( Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 12+ million km² Establishment 1299 Dissolution October 29... Events Ottoman sultan Mehmed II defeats the White Sheep Turkmens lead by Uzun Hasan at Otlukbeli Axayacatl, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan invades the territory of neighboring Aztec city of Tlatelolco. ...


During the American Civil War, the region became a major supplier of cotton to make up for the high demand due to shortage. Railroads were extended to Mersin in 1866 from where cotton was exported by sea, and the city developed into a major trade center. By 1900, the Catholic Encyclopedia reports the city having about 1,8000 inhabitants, of whom 5,000 were by ethnicity Greeks, 1,000 Armenians, and 1,950 Roman Catholics; the remaining approximately 9,000 inhabitants were presumably Muslim. The Roman Catholic parish of Mersin was administered by Capuchins; there were also Sisters of St. Joseph of the Apparition; schools for boys and girls, and hospitals. Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Cotton ready for harvest. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... The Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (OFM Cap) is an order of friars in the Roman Catholic Church, among the chief offshoots of the Franciscans. ... The Sisters of St. ...


In 1918 Mersin was occupied by French and British troops in accord with the Treaty of Sevrès. It was liberated by the Turkish army in 1920. In 1924, Mersin was made a province, and in 1933, Mersin and İçel provinces were joined to form the (greater Mersin) İçel province. 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... The Treaty of Sèvres of August 10, 1920, made peace between the Allied and Associated Powers1 and the Ottoman Empire after World War I. The treaty was signed by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI who was trying to save his throne but was rejected by the independence movement in... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Year 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...


Up until the 1970s Mersin had a population of 300,000 and a classy feel to it, with carriages parading under palm trees. The seafront was all orchards of oranges and lemons, perfect for a quiet stroll, and you could play on the beach. The heart of this tree-lined bourgois establishment were the patisseries along Flamingo Yolu, a name that evokes nostalgia among those who lived here through the 60s and 70s.


But the vast expansion and immigration from other parts of Turkey, especially further east, in the 80s and 90s has changed it completely. Now the sea front is lined with huge concrete buildings, there are no beaches, and the orange trees have all been dug up. And further out of town where there were one or two areas of seaside holiday flats now there are hundreds and hundreds. No one will ever know what archaeological treasures have been dragged away by the bulldozers at the same time. This greedy destruction has gone on and is still going on without effective control by the local authorities who at the same time have failed to put in the infrastructure (roads, drains, sewage treatment etc.) to cope with the large population that has come to the coast.


Mersin today

Today Mersin is a large city spreading out along the coast, with Turkey's second tallest skyscraper, huge hotels, an opera house, expensive real estate near the sea or up in the hills, and many other modern urban amenities, although still nothing like the long-established nightlife and culture of Istanbul or Izmir; but Mersin is a smaller and calmer city.


The municipality is now trying to rescue the sea front with walkways, parks and statuary, and there are still palm trees on the roadsides especially where the young generation like to hang out in the cafes and patisseries of smart neighbourhoods such as Pozcu or Çamlıbel. These are established neighbourhoods where there are many well-known shops and restaurants with years of experience and reputations to protect. The city centre is a maze of narrow streets and arcades of little shops and cafes, with young people buzzing around on scooters. The old quarter near the fish market is where you will find the stalls selling tantuni and grilled liver sandwiches.


One of the most distinctive features of the city as a whole is the solar heating panels, they are everywhere, on top of every building.


Cuisine

The local cuisine includes: kebab of course but especially the hot sandwich of grilled meats wrapped in flat bread called tantuni; the home-made sausage bumbar; carrot helva (cezerye); karsambaç (a kind of ice slush); künefe a baked cheese pastry (known throughout south-east Turkey including Mersin); and kerebiç, a semolina pudding, especially made in the month of Ramadan, and many other local soups and stews. The traditional drink of this corner of Turkey, including Mersin, is şalgam suyu (the water used to pickle turnips in). Kadaif, kadayıf (Turkish), kataifi, kadaifi (Greek κα(ν)ταΐφι), is a very fine vermicelli-like pastry used to make sweet pastries and desserts. ... The fourth pillar of Islam, which is fasting, is practiced during the month of Ramadan. ... Turnip juice is a popular beverage of southern Turkey, originating from Adana. ...


Economy

The port is the mainstay of Mersin's economy. There are 35 piers, a total port area of 785 km² (205 acres), with a capacity of 4,000 ships per year.


Adjacent to the port is Mersin Free Zone established in 1986, the first free zone in Turkey, with warehouses, shops, assembly-disassembly, maintenance and engineering workshops, banking and insurance, packing-repacking, labelling and exhibition facilities. The zone is a publicly owned center for foreign investors, close to major markets in the (Middle East, North Africa, East and West Europe, Russian Federation and Central Asia. The trading volume of the free zone was USD 11,8 billion in 2002. Old warehouses in Amsterdam Inside Green Logistics Co. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... North Africa is the Mediterranean, northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa. ... Eastern Europe is, by convention, that part of Europe from the Ural and Caucasus mountains in the East to an arbitrarily chosen boundary in the West. ... Western Europe is distinguished from Central Europe and Eastern Europe by differences of history and culture rather than by geography. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ...


Mersin has highway connections to the north and east, and is also connected to the southern railroad. Adana airport is 69 km (43 miles). This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...


60% of the male population and 16% of the female population is employed. Unemployment is about 22.7%


Mersin port is an international hub for many vessels routing to European countries.Its now operated by PSA.


Mersin University

Mersin University was founded in 1992 and started teaching in 1993-1994, with 11 faculties, 6 schools and 9 vocational schools. The university has had about 10 thousand graduates, has broadened its current academic staff to more than 100 academicians, and enrolls 28.000 students.


Culture

Because the city has been a crossroads for centuries the local culture is a medley of civilizations. Mersin has a State Opera and Ballet, the fourth in Turkey after Istanbul, İzmir and Ankara. Mersin International Music Festival was established in 2001, and takes place every October. The photography association Mersin Fotograf Derneği (MFD), is one of the most popular and active cultural organizations in the city. There is a small museum in the city centre. The municipal cemetery is interesting as people of all faiths and denominations can be buried here. Istanbul (Turkish: , Greek: , historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... İzmir, historically Smyrna, is the third most populous city of Turkey and the countrys largest port after İstanbul. ... Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after İstanbul. ...


In order to swim in clean water you need to get out of town, perhaps an hour along the coast. The beach at (109km beaches) Kızkalesi, Ayaş,Soloi,Susanoğlu is popular with families while young people prefer Akyar,Yapraklı koy,Narlıkuyu or quieter bays along the coast, some of which are very attractive indeed. AyaÅŸ is a district of Ankara Province of Turkey. ... The swan mosaic at Soli Soli or Soloi (Greek: Σόλοι) is an ancient city on the island of Cyprus, located south-west of Morphou and on the coast in the gulf of Morphou. ... Sevastopol (Севастополь, Sevastopol’ in Ukrainian; Aqyar in Crimean Tatar), formerly known as Sebastopol, is a port city in Ukraine, located on the Black Sea coast of Crimean peninsula. ...


Notable natives

  • Ahmet Kireççi (aka Ahmet Mersinli) - Olympic medalist wrestler
  • Karacaoğlan - 16th century folk poet
  • Seyhan Kurt - poet
  • Güzide Duran - models
  • Şenay Akay - models
  • Haldun Dormen - actor,

Ahmet Kireççi (aka Ahmet Mersinli) (October 27, 1914, Mersin, Turkey - August 17, 1979, Mersin), was a Turkish sports wrestler, who won the Olympic medal twice, the bronze medal in the Middleweight class of Mens Freestyle Wrestling at the 1936 Olympics and the gold medal in the Heavyweight class... Karacaoğlan is a 17th century Turkish folk poet. ... Seyhan Kurt is a French-Turkish poet, writer and artist(France,1977-Lebanon,1998). ...

=See also=

Combatants French Turkish Revolutionaries Franco-Turkish war, more often called Cilicia war (French: La guerre en Cilicie, Turkish: Güney Cephesi - the southern front), was a series of military conflicts in the aftermath of the World War I that opposed Turkish National Forces directed by Turkish Grand National Assembly governments... Chronology of the Turkish War of Independence is a timeline of events for the Turkish War of Independence (including the background starting with the end of the First World War). ...

References

  1. ^ [1] retrieved June 14, 2007

Joseph ONeill is an Irish novelist and non-fiction writer. ... Richard J.A. Talbert (born 1947 in England) is a contemporary British ancient historian on the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he is William Rand Kenan, Jr. ... The Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World is a large-format atlas of ancient Europe, Asia, and North Africa, edited by Richard Talbert. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

External links

Wikisource has an original article from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia about:
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  Results from FactBites:
 
Mersin - definition of Mersin in Encyclopedia (613 words)
Since Mersin has always been a port city through history, the area was inhabited since 7th century BC, and was in the interest of many states and civilizations such as Arabs, Abbasids, Egyptian Tulunids, Seljuk Turks, Mongols, Crusaders, Armenians, Mamluks, Anatolian beyliks and Ottomans.
Mersin International Music Festival was established in 2001, and it is one of the major cultural events of the province.
68% of the population was born in Mersin.
Icel, Mersin, Turkey-Adiyamanli.org (916 words)
Mersin is one of the most modern provinces of the palmlined avenues, city park and modern
In Mersin you may find all the comforts of a modern city and all the characteristics of the Mediterranean cities.
The road from Silifke to Mersin is very enjoyable along the coast; the ancient basilicas, tombs and ruins are on one side of the road and lie beautiful coves with sandy beaches on the other.
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