MICHA JOSEF BERDYCZEWSKI (מיכה יוסף ברדיצ'בסקי), or Mikhah bin-Goryon (1865 – 1921) (surname also written Berdichevsky), a Ukranian-born Hebrew writer, journalist and scholar. Appealed for the Jews to change their way of thinking, freeing themselves from dogmas ruling the Jewish religion, tradition and history. Wrote in Hebrew, Yiddish and German. 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1921 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... The word Hebrew can variously mean: Hebrew, a Semitic language spoken mainly in Israel The ancient Hebrews, or their descendants the Jews The New Testament book Hebrews The term Hebrew is sometimes used by certain Christian groups to distinguish the Jews in ancient times (before the birth of Jesus) from... Yiddish (ייִדיש, Jiddisch) is a Germanic language spoken by about four million Jews throughout the world. ...

Biography

Berdyczewski was born in 1865 in the town Medzhybizh in western Ukraine -- the birth place of Nachman of Breslav, to a family of Chassidic Rabbies. His father was the town Rabbi. In his youth he began to read works from the Enlightenment Era, and their influence is noticeable in his works. Berdyczewski was forced to divorce his first wife following her family’s objection to his involvement with secular literature. He then moved to the Volozhin Yeshiva, but there too, his pursuit of unconventional literature stirred anger and objection. Most of his works from this period were polemic, and his emotional style became his trademark throughout his writing career. 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Medzhybizh (Ukrainian: , Polish: MiÄ™dzybórz, MiÄ™dzyborz, MiÄ™dzybóż, Yiddish: מעזביזש Mezbizh) is a city in Letychivskyi rayon (Летичівський район), Khmelnytska oblast, Western Ukraine. ... Nachman of Breslav known as Reb Nachman of Breslov or simply as Rebbe Nachman (1772-1810) was a rabbi and the founding rebbe of the Breslov Hasidic dynasty. ... Hasidic Judaism (Hebrew: Chasidut חסידות, meaning pious from the Hebrew root word chesed חסד meaning loving kindness) is a Haredi Jewish religious movement. ... Rabbi (Classical Hebrew רִבִּי ribbÄ«;; modern Ashkenazi and Israeli רַבִּי rabbÄ«) in Judaism, means teacher, or more literally great one. The word Rabbi is derived from the Hebrew root-word RaV, which in biblical Hebrew means great or distinguished,. In the ancient Judean schools the sages were addressed as רִבִּי (Ribbi or Rebbi... The Age of Enlightenment refers to the 18th century in European philosophy, and is often thought of as part of a larger period which includes the Age of Reason. ... This article concerns secularity, that is, being secular, in various senses. ... Open Directory Project: Literature World Literature Electronic Text Archives Magazines and E-zines Online Writing Writers Resources Libraries, Digital Cataloguing, Metadata Distance Learning Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Classicism in Literature The Universal Library, by Carnegie Mellon University Project Gutenberg Online Library Abacci - Project Gutenberg texts matched with Amazon...

In 1890 he went to Germany and Switzerland, studied at the universities of Berlin, Breslav and Bern, and completed his PhD. In this period Berdyczewski studied the works of the great German philosophers Nitsche and Hegel, and was deeply influenced by them. In the ten years until his return to the Ukraine he published many articles and stories in Hebrew journals, and up to 1900, the year in which he married Rachel Ramberg, Berdyczewski had already published ten books. 1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Berlin ( ♫), IPA: , is the capital of Germany and its largest city; down from 4. ... Location within Switzerland The city of Bern, English traditionally Berne (Bernese German Bärn , German Bern , French Berne , Italian Berna , Romansh Berna ), is the Bundesstadt (administrative capital) of Switzerland, and is the fourth most populous Swiss city (after Zürich, Geneva and Basel). ... PhD usually refers to the academic title Doctor of Philosophy PhD can also refer to the manga Phantasy Degree This is a disambiguation page — a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... A philosopher is a person devoted to studying and producing results in philosophy. ... Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (October 15, 1844 – August 25, 1900) was a German philosopher, psychologist, and classical philologist. ... Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (August 27, 1770 - November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher born in Stuttgart, Württemberg, in present-day southwest Germany. ... 1900 is a common year starting on Monday. ...

Upon his return to the Ukraine, Berdyczewski encountered the harsh reality of the Jewish life in the Pale of Settlement, and subsequently the subject of many of his stories is the deterioration of the traditional way of life. The Pale of Settlement (Russian: Черта оседлости - cherta osedlosti) was a western border region of Imperial Russia in which permanent residence of Jews was allowed, extending from the pale or demarcation line, to near the border with eastern/central Europe. ...

After a short stay in Warsaw, Berdyczewski returned to Germany in 1911, where he lived until his death in 1923. He is buried in the Jewish cemetery in Berlin. Berdyczewski adopted the surname Bin Gorion, and that is the name inscribed on his tombstone. His last years were spent doing intense writing and research, collecting Jewish legends and folk stories, publishing in Hebrew, Yiddish and German. After his death, his wife Rachel and their son Immanuel translated some of his works into German, among them "Die Sagen der Juden" (The Legends of the Jews, 1935), "Kitve" (Writings, 1921) and "Der Born Judas" (The Well of Juda), published in six volumes. Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa, see also other names, in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto StoÅ‚eczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. ... 1911 was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... A legend (Latin, legenda, things to be read) is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. ... The word Hebrew can variously mean: Hebrew, a Semitic language spoken mainly in Israel The ancient Hebrews, or their descendants the Jews The New Testament book Hebrews The term Hebrew is sometimes used by certain Christian groups to distinguish the Jews in ancient times (before the birth of Jesus) from... Yiddish (ייִדיש, Jiddisch) is a Germanic language spoken by about four million Jews throughout the world. ...

The Israeli moshav Sdot Micha, founded in 1955, was named after Micha Josef Berdyczewski. Moshav (plural as mashavim)is a type of collective agricultural community of individual farms pioneered by the labour Zionists during the second aliyah (wave of Jewish immigration during the 19th Century) The moshavs are similar to kibbutzim with an emphasis on community labour and were designed as part of the... 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Works

• Der Born Judas (6 Vols., ³1924)
• Sinai und Garizin (1926)
• Der Sagen der Juden (5 Vols., 1927年)

1924 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1926 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

References

Much of the content of this article comes from the equivalent Hebrew-language wikipedia article.

External links

• The George Washington University's Melvin Gelman Library web site
• German site of tombstones
• The Jewish Agency site (Berdyczewski is spelled "Berdichevsky" on this site)