Michael Grant Ignatieff
Member of Parliament for Etobicoke-Lakeshore
Incumbent
Assumed office  2006 election
Preceded by	Jean Augustine
Born	May 12 1947 ( 1947-05-12) (age 60) Toronto
Political party	Liberal
Spouse	Susan Barrowclough (div.) Zsuzsanna M. Zsohar
Residence	Toronto
Profession	Author, journalist, professor, politician
Religion	Russian Orthodox[1]

Michael Grant Ignatieff, M.P., Ph.D. (/ɪgˈna.tʃəf/) (born May 12, 1947 in Toronto) is a public intellectual, historian, and Canadian politician. He has held academic positions at Cambridge, Oxford, and Harvard. An award-winning author, he has also worked as a journalist and documentary filmmaker. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Etobicoke—Lakeshore is a Canadian electoral district that covers the southern part of the Etobicoke portion of Toronto on the shore of Lake Ontario. ... Open seat redirects here. ... Rendition of party representation in the 39th Canadian parliament decided by this election. ... The Honourable Jean Augustine, PC , LL.D (born September 9, 1937 in St. ... is the 132nd day of the year (133rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... The Russian Orthodox Church (Русская Православная церковь) is that body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ... is the 132nd day of the year (133rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... An intellectual is a person who uses their intellect to study, reflect, and speculate on a variety of different ideas. ... This article is about the occupation of studying history. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and has a reputation as one of the worlds most prestigious universities. ... The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University), located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and a member of the Ivy League. ...

Ignatieff was based in the United Kingdom from 1978 to 2000. During this time he was on the faculty at both Cambridge and Oxford Universities and worked as a film-maker and political commentator for the BBC. He lived in the United States from 2000 to 2005; there, he was director of Harvard's Carr Center for Human Rights Policy. He returned to Canada in 2005 and took a position at the University of Toronto; in November,2005 he was acclaimed as a Liberal candidate for the next federal election. Oxbridge is a name used to refer to the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, the two oldest in the United Kingdom and the English-speaking world. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ...

In 2006 he was elected as the Member of Parliament for Etobicoke—Lakeshore. Ignatieff was named associate critic for Human Resources and Skills Development in the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet on February 22, 2006. He left this position on April 7, 2006 to become a candidate for the leadership of the Liberal Party. The front-runner for much of the campaign, he was defeated by Stéphane Dion on the leadership convention's fourth and final ballot. Ignatieff is currently serving as the party's Deputy Leader. 38th Parliament Members of the House of Commons in the 38th Parliament of Canada, as of May 17, 2005. ... Etobicoke—Lakeshore (formerly known as Lakeshore and Toronto—Lakeshore) is a federal and provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the Canadian House of Commons since 1968, and in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 1999. ... The outgoing Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet is listed below. ... Wikinews has news related to: Ignatieff tops first ballot in Canadian Liberal convention Canadian Liberal vote heads to third ballot Dion leads Ignatieff heading into final ballot of Canadian Liberal vote Dion wins Canadian Liberal leadership on fourth ballot Wikinews has news related to: Liberal Party of Canada leadership, 2006... Stéphane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ... Wikinews has news related to: Ignatieff tops first ballot in Canadian Liberal convention Canadian Liberal vote heads to third ballot Dion leads Ignatieff heading into final ballot of Canadian Liberal vote Dion wins Canadian Liberal leadership on fourth ballot Wikinews has news related to: Liberal Party of Canada leadership, 2006...

Biography

Ignatieff is the son of Canadian diplomat George Ignatieff and Alison Grant, and the grandson of Count Paul Ignatieff, Minister of Education to Tsar Nicholas II and one of the few Tsarist ministers to have escaped execution by the Bolsheviks. His Canadian antecedents include his maternal great grandfather, George Monro Grant, the dynamic 19th century principal of Queen's University. His mother's younger brother was the political philosopher George Grant (1918-1988), author of Lament for a Nation. His great-grandfather was Count Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatyev, the Russian Minister of the Interior under Tsar Alexander III. In his book called The Russian Album, Ignatieff explores the importance of memory and obligation to ancestry in the context of his own family's history. Ignatieff is fluent in both English and French, and has a basic knowledge of Russian, the native language of his father. George Ignatieff George Ignatieff, CC, MA, DCL (December 16, 1913 - August 10, 1989) was a Canadian diplomat and was the recipient of the 1984 Pearson Medal of Peace for his work in international service. ... Count (Comte) Paul Nikolaevich Ignatieff (Russian: Павел Николаевич Игнатьев) (August 1870 – 1945) was the Minister of Education and senior advisor to Tsar Nicholas II of Russia from 1915-1917. ... Nicholas II can refer to: Pope Nicholas II Tsar Nicholas II of Russia This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... George Monro Grant (December 22, 1835 – May 10, 1902), principal of Queens College, Kingston, Ontario, was born in Albion Mines (Stellarton), Pictou County Nova Scotia in 1835. ... Queens University, generally referred to simply as Queens, is a coeducational, non-sectarian public university located in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. ... The George Grant Reader. ... Lament for a Nation Lament for a Nation is a 1965 work of political philosophy by Canadian philosopher George Grant, published by McGill-Queens University Press. ... Count Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatyev (17 January (29 January Old Style) 1832 – 20 June (3 July Old Style) 1908) was a Russian statesman and diplomat. ... The Interior Minister is a member of a Cabinet in a Government. ... Alexander III Alexandrovich (10 March 1845 – 1 November 1894) (Russian: Александр III Александрович) reigned as Emperor of Russia from 14 March 1881 until his death in 1894. ...

Ignatieff's family moved abroad regularly in his early childhood as his father rose in the diplomatic ranks. But at the age of 11, Ignatieff was sent back to Toronto to attend Upper Canada College as a boarder in 1959.^[1] At UCC, Ignatieff was elected a school prefect as Head of Wedd's House, was the captain of the Varsity Soccer team, and served as editor-in-chief of the school's yearbook.^[1] As well, Ignatieff volunteered for Lester B. Pearson during the 1965 Federal Election by canvassing the York South Riding. He resumed his work for the Liberal Party in 1968, as a national youth organizer and party delegate for the Pierre Elliot Trudeau party leadership campaign. Upper Canada College (UCC) is a private elementary and secondary school for boys in downtown Toronto, Canada. ... The UCC Board of Stewards, 1933-34, wearing the distinctive Stewards jacket. ... Upper Canada College, an all male preparatory school in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, like several other Commonwealth schools, divides its students into ten houses, each led by a Senior House Adviser and a student-elected Head of House. ... Lester Bowles Pearson, often referred to as Mike, PC, OM, CC, OBE, MA, LL.D. (April 23, 1897 – December 27, 1972) was a Canadian statesman, diplomat and politician who was made a Nobel Laureate in 1957. ... Name Pierre Elliott Trudeau Number Fifteenth First term April 20, 1968–June 4,1979 Second term March 3, 1980–June 30, 1984 Predecessor Lester Bowles Pearson Successors Joe Clark John Napier Turner Date of birth October 18, 1919 Place of birth Montreal, Quebec Date of death September 28...

After high school, Ignatieff studied history at the University of Toronto's Trinity College. There, he met fellow student (and future Premier of Ontario) Bob Rae, who was a debating opponent and fourth-year roommate. After completing his undergraduate degree, Ignatieff took up his studies at Oxford University, where he studied, and was influenced by, the well-known historian and philosopher Isaiah Berlin, about whom he would later write. While an undergraduate at the University of Toronto, he was a part-time reporter for the Globe and Mail in 1964-65 .[2] This article is about the study of time in human terms. ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... For other institutions named Trinity College, see Trinity College. ... The Premier of Ontario is the first minister for the Canadian province of Ontario. ... Hon. ... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Sir Isaiah Berlin, OM (June 6, 1909 – November 5, 1997), was a political philosopher and historian of ideas, regarded as one of the leading liberal thinkers of the 20th century. ...

In 1976, Ignatieff completed his PhD in History at Harvard University. He was an assistant professor of history at the University of British Columbia from 1976 to 1978. In 1978 he moved to the United Kingdom, where he held a Senior Research Fellowship at King's College, Cambridge until 1984. He then left Cambridge for London, where he began to focus on his career as a writer and journalist. During this time, he travelled extensively. He also continued to lecture at universities in Europe and North America, and held teaching posts at the Oxford, the University of London, the London School of Economics, the University of California and in France. Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated Ph. ... Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and a member of the Ivy League. ... The University of British Columbia (UBC) is a Canadian public research university with campuses in Vancouver and Kelowna. ... Full name The King’s College of Our Lady and St Nicholas in Cambridge Motto Veritas et Utilitas Truth and usefulness Named after Henry VI Previous names - Established 1441 Sister College(s) New College, Oxford Provost Prof. ... The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and has a reputation as one of the worlds most prestigious universities. ... The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University), located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... The University of London is a university based primarily in London. ... Mascot Beaver Affiliations University of London Russell Group EUA ACU CEMS APSIA Universities UK U8 Golden Triangle G5 Group Nobel laureates 14 Website http://www. ... Berkeley Davis Irvine Los Angeles Merced Riverside San Diego Santa Barbara Santa Cruz UC Office of the President in Oakland The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the state of California. ...

While living in the United Kingdom, Ignatieff became well known as a broadcaster on radio and television. His best known television work has been Voices on Channel 4, the BBC 2 discussion programme "Thinking Aloud" and BBC 2's arts programme, The Late Show. His documentary series Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism aired on BBC in 1993. He was also an editorial columnist for The Observer from 1990 to 1993. This article is about the British television station. ... For the BBC radio station, see BBC Radio 2. ... For the BBC radio station, see BBC Radio 2. ... The Late Show (1989 to 1995) was an arts magazine programme broadcast on BBC2 weeknights at 10. ... This article is an overview article about the Crown chartered British Broadcasting Corporation formed in 1927. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

In 2000, Ignatieff accepted a position as the director of the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. He taught at Harvard until 2005, when on August 26, it was announced that Ignatieff was leaving Harvard to become the Chancellor Jackman Visiting Professor in Human Rights Policy at the University of Toronto. Ignatieff has received nine honorary doctorates. John F. Kennedy School of Government The John F. Kennedy School of Government is a public policy school and one of the graduate schools of Harvard University. ... Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and a member of the Ivy League. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... An honorary degree (Latin: honoris causa ad gradum, not to be confused with an honors degree) is an academic degree awarded to an individual as a decoration, rather than as the result of matriculating and studying for several years. ...

Ignatieff is married to Hungarian-born Zsuzsanna M Zsohar and has two children, Theo and Sophie, from his first marriage to Londoner Susan Barrowclough.^[2] He has a younger brother, Andrew, a community worker who assisted with Ignatieff's campaign. Although described as not a "church guy", Ignatieff was raised Russian Orthodox and occasionally attends a service with family. [3] The Russian Orthodox Church (Русская Православная церковь) is that body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with...

Recognition

Michael Ignatieff is a recognized historian, a fiction writer and public intellectual ^[3] who has written several books on international relations and nation building. His sixteen fiction and non-fiction books have been translated into twelve languages. He has contributed articles to newspapers such as The Globe and Mail and The New York Times Magazine. Maclean's named him among the "Top 10 Canadian Who's Who" in 1997 and one of the "50 Most Influential Canadians Shaping Society" in 2002. In 2003, Maclean's named him Canada's "Sexiest Cerebral Man."^[4] An intellectual is a person who uses their intellect to study, reflect, and speculate on a variety of different ideas. ... The Globe and Mail is a large English language national newspaper based in Toronto, Canada, and printed in seven cities across Canada. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... Macleans is Canadas leading weekly news magazine. ...

Ignatieff's history of his family's experiences in nineteenth-century Russia (and subsequent exile), The Russian Album, won the Canadian 1987 Governor General's Award for Non-Fiction and the British Royal Society of Literature's Heinemann Prize. His 1998 biography of Isaiah Berlin was shortlisted for both the Jewish Quarterly Literary Prize for Non-Fiction and the James Tait Black Memorial Prize. Each winner of the 1987 Governor Generals Awards for Literary Merit received $5000 dollars and a medal from the Governor General of Canada. ... The Royal Society of Literature is the senior literary organisation in Britain. External link The Royal Society of Literature Categories: Literature stubs | Literature of the United Kingdom ... Sir Isaiah Berlin, OM (June 6, 1909 – November 5, 1997), was a political philosopher and historian of ideas, regarded as one of the leading liberal thinkers of the 20th century. ...

His text on Western interventionist policies and nation building, Virtual War: Kosovo and Beyond, analyzes the NATO bombing of Kosovo and its subsequent aftermath. It won the Orwell Prize for political non-fiction in 2000. Ignatieff worked with the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty in preparing the report, The Responsibility to Protect, which examined the role of international involvement in Kosovo and Rwanda and advocated a framework for 'humanitarian' intervention in future humanitarian crises. Ignatieff's general line is to highlight the moral imperitive to intervene for humanitarian and other high motives, rejecting isolationism, but then drawing attention to practical and systematic limitations to successful interventions. His 2003 book, Empire Lite, argued that the post-intervention efforts in Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan were under-equipped to deal with the near-intractable problems they were facing. The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) was an ad hoc commission of participants from mostly North and South America which in 2001 issued a legal opinion on contingent sovereignty and worked to popularize the concept of humanitarian intervention and democracy-restoring intervention under the name of Responsibility...

His book on the dangers of ethnic nationalism in the Post-Cold war period, Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism, won the Gordon Montador Award for Best Canadian Book on Social Issues and the University of Toronto's Lionel Gelber Prize.^[5] Blood and Belonging was based on Ignatieff's Gemini Award winning 1993 television series of the same name. The Lionel Gelber Prize is an literary award for the worlds best non-fiction book in English that seeks to deepen public debate on significant global issues.[1] It is presented annually by The Lionel Gelber Foundation and the Munk Centre for International Studies at the University of Toronto. ... The Gemini Awards are an annual awards ceremony in Canada. ...

In 2004, he published The Lesser Evil: Political Ethics in an Age of Terror, a philosophical work analyzing human rights in the post-9/11 world. The book was a finalist for the Lionel Gelber Prize, and attracted considerable attention for its attempts to reconcile the democratic ideals of western liberal societies with the often-coercive nature of the War on Terrorism. The date that commonly refers to the attacks on United States citizens on September 11, 2001 (see the September 11, 2001 Attacks). ... The Lionel Gelber Prize is an literary award for the worlds best non-fiction book in English that seeks to deepen public debate on significant global issues.[1] It is presented annually by The Lionel Gelber Foundation and the Munk Centre for International Studies at the University of Toronto. ... This article is about U.S. actions, and those of other states, after September 11, 2001. ...

Ignatieff also writes fiction; one of his novels, Scar Tissue, was short-listed for the Booker Prize. In addition to writing, he has been a guest lecturer in a variety of settings. He delivered the Massey Lectures in 2000. Entitled The Rights Revolution, the series was released in print later that year. He has been a participant and panel leader at the World Economic Forum in Geneva. The Man Booker Prize for Fiction, also known as the Man Booker Prize, or simply the Man Booker, is one of the worlds most important literary prizes, and awarded each year for the best original novel written by a citizen of the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland in... The Massey Lectures are a prestigious annual event in Canada, in which a noted Canadian or international scholar gives a week-long series of lectures on a political, cultural or philosophical topic. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Ignatieff was ranked 37th on the list of top public intellectuals prepared by Prospect and Foreign Policy magazines.^[6]

Writings

Ignatieff has been described by the British Arts Council as "an extraordinarily versatile writer," in both the style and the subjects he writes about.^[7] His fictional works, Asya, Scar Tissue, and Charlie Johnson in the Flames cover, respectively, the life and travels of a Russian girl, the disintegration of one's mother due to neurological disease, and the haunting memories of a journalist in Kosovo. In all three works, however, one sees elements of the author's own life coming through. For instance, Ignatieff travelled to the Balkans and Kurdistan while working as a journalist, witnessing first hand the consequences of modern ethnic warfare. Similarly, his historical memoir, The Russian Album, traces his family's life in Russia and their troubles and subsequent emigration as a result of the Bolshevik Revolution. The Arts Council of Great Britain was a non-departmental public body dedicated to the promotion of the fine arts in Great Britain. ... For other uses, see Kurdistan (disambiguation). ... The October Revolution, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was the second phase of the Russian Revolution, the first having been instigated by the events around the February Revolution. ...

A historian by training, he wrote A Just Measure of Pain, a history of prisons during the Industrial Revolution. His biography of Isaiah Berlin reveals the strong impression the celebrated philosopher made on Ignatieff. The latter work explores social welfare and community, and also shows Berlin's influence. Philosophical writings by Ignatieff include The Needs of Strangers and The Rights Revolution. The latter work explores social welfare and community, and shows Berlin's influence on Ignatieff. These tie closely to Ignatieff's political writings on national self-determination and the imperatives of democratic self-government. Ignatieff has also written extensively on international affairs.^[7] A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ... Sir Isaiah Berlin, OM (June 6, 1909 – November 5, 1997), was a political philosopher and historian of ideas, regarded as one of the leading liberal thinkers of the 20th century. ...

Blood and Belonging, a 1993 work, explores the duality of nationalism, from Yugoslavia to Northern Ireland. It is the first of a trilogy of books that explore modern conflicts. The Warrior's Honour, published in 1998, deals with ethnically motivated conflicts, including the conflicts in Afghanistan and Rwanda. The final book, Virtual War, describes the problems of modern peacekeeping, with special reference to the NATO presence in Kosovo.

Canadian culture and human rights

In The Rights Revolution, Ignatieff identifies three aspects of Canada's approach to human rights that give the country its distinctive culture: 1) On moral issues, Canadian law is secular and liberal, approximating European standards more closely than American ones. 2) Canadian political culture is socially democratic; Canadians take it for granted that citizens have the right to free health care and public assistance. 3) Canadians place a particular emphasis on group rights, expressed in Quebec's language laws and in treaty agreements that recognise collective aboriginal rights. "Apart from New Zealand, no other country has given such recognition to the idea of group rights," he writes.^[8]

Ignatieff states that despite its admirable commitment to equality and group rights, Canadian society still places an unjust burden on women and gays and lesbians, and he says it is still difficult for newcomers (particularly of non-British descent) to form an enduring sense of citizenship. Ignatieff attributes this to the "patch-work quilt of distinctive societies," emphasizing that civic bonds will only be easier when the understanding of Canada as a multinational community is more widely shared.

International affairs

Ignatieff has written extensively on international development, peacekeeping and the international responsibilities of Western nations. Critical of the limited-risk approach practiced by NATO in conflicts like the Kosovo War and the Rwandan Genocide, he says that there should be more active involvement and larger scale deployment of land forces by Western nations in future conflicts in the developing world. The term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts (a civil war followed by an international war) in the southern Serbian province called Kosovo (officially Kosovo and Metohia), part of the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ... The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass killing of the hundreds of thousands of ethnic Tutsis and moderate Hutu sympathizers in Rwanda and was the largest atrocity during the Rwandan Civil War. ...  High human development Medium human development Low human development Unavailable (colour-blind compliant map)   Developing countries not listed as least developed countries or as newly industrialized countries, in their respective articles. ...

In this vein, Ignatieff was a prominent supporter of the 2003 Invasion of Iraq.^[9] Ignatieff says that the United States had inadvertently established "an empire lite, a global hegemony whose grace notes are free markets, human rights and democracy, enforced by the most awesome military power the world has ever known." The burden of that empire obliged the United States to expend itself unseating Iraqi president Saddam Hussein in the interests of international security and human rights. Ignatieff initially accepted the position of the Bush administration that containment through sanctions and threats would not prevent Hussein from selling weapons of mass destruction to international terrorists. Like many others, he had been persuaded that those weapons were still being developed in Iraq.^[10] Moreover, according to Ignatieff, "what Saddam Hussein had done to the Kurds and the Shia" in Iraq was sufficient justification for the invasion.^[11][12] This article is about the 2003 invasion of Iraq. ... An empire is commonly known as a political system ruled by a supreme power with absolute authority with a singe large state or a combination of territories combined to be ruled by one dictator. ... Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was the fifth President of Iraq and Chairman of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council from 1979 until his overthrow by US forces in 2003. ... For the Xzibit album, see Weapons of Mass Destruction (album). ... Terrorist redirects here. ... Iraq and weapons of mass destruction concerns the Iraqi governments use, possession, and alleged intention of acquiring more types of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) during the presidency of Saddam Hussein. ... Anthem Ey Reqîb (English: Hey Guardian) Location of Iraqi Kurdistan (dark green) with respect to Iraq (light green) on a map of the Middle East. ... Shī‘a Islam, also Shi‘ite Islam, or Shi‘ism (Arabic ) is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith. ...

In the years following the invasion, Ignatieff reiterated his support for the war's aims, if not the method in which it was conducted. "I supported an administration whose intentions I didn't trust," he averred, "believing that the consequences would repay the gamble. Now I realize that intentions do shape consequences."^[9] He eventually recanted his support for the war entirely. In a 2007 New York Times Magazine article, he wrote: "The unfolding catastrophe in Iraq has condemned the political judgment of a president, but it has also condemned the judgment of many others, myself included, who as commentators supported the invasion." Ignatieff partly interpreted what he now saw as his particular errors of judgment by presenting them as typical of academics and intellectuals in general, whom he characterised as "generalizing and interpreting particular facts as instances of some big idea". In politics, by contrast "Specifics matter more than generalities".^[13]

Ignatieff has also spoken to the issue of Canadian participation in the North American Missile Defence Shield. Initially, he supported a Canadian role.^[14] But in the fall of October 2006, Ignatieff indicated that he would not support ballistic missile defence nor the weaponization of space. ^[15] A payload launch vehicle carrying a prototype exoatmospheric kill vehicle is launched from Meck Island at the Kwajalein Missile Range on December 3, 2001, for an intercept of a ballistic missile target over the central Pacific Ocean. ...

The Lesser Evil approach

Ignatieff has argued that Western democracies may have to resort to "lesser evils" like indefinite detention of suspects, coercive interrogations^[16], targeted assassinations, and pre-emptive wars in order to combat the greater evil of terrorism. He states that as a result, societies should strengthen their democratic institutions to keep these necessary evils from becoming as offensive to freedom and democracy as the threats they are meant to prevent.^[17] In the context of this "lesser evil" analysis, Ignatieff discusses whether or not liberal democracies should employ coercive interrogation and torture. The 'Lesser Evil approach' has been criticized by some prominent human rights advocates, like Conor Gearty, for incorporating a problematic form of moral language that can used to legitimize forms of torture. ^[18] But other human rights advocates, like Human Rights Watch's Kenneth Roth, have defended Ignatieff, saying his work attempts a difficult balance between competing values.^[19] Ignatieff has adamantly maintained that he supports a complete ban on torture. ^[20] The lesser of two evils principle was a Cold War-era foreign policy principle used by the United States and to a lesser extent, several other countries. ... In law, a sentence forms the final act of a judge-ruled process, and also the symbolic principal act connected to his function. ... Detention generally refers to a state or government holding a person in a particular area, either for interrogation, as punishment for a wrong, or as a precautionary measure while investigating a potential threat posed by that person. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Assassin and Assassins redirect here. ... A preemptive attack (or preemptive war) is waged in an attempt to repel or defeat an imminent offensive or invasion, or to gain a strategic advantage in an impending (usually unavoidable) war. ... For other uses, see Torture (disambiguation). ... Human rights are rights which some hold to be inalienable and belonging to all humans. ... This article is about the use of the moral in storytelling. ... Human Rights Watch Banner Human Rights Watch is a United States-based international non-government organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. ...

Political career

Michael Ignatieff speaking to citizens in the riding of Etobicoke—Lakeshore, at Assembly Hall in Etobicoke, 18 January 2006.

In 2004, two Liberal organizers, Ian Davey (son of Senator Keith Davey) and lawyer Daniel Brock[4], travelled to Cambridge, MA, to convince Ignatieff to run for the House of Commons and consider a possible bid for the Liberal leadership should Paul Martin every retire.[5] As a result of the activities of Brock and Davey, assisted by former Liberal candidate Alfred Apps, in January 2005, speculation began in the press that Ignatieff could be a star candidate for the Liberals in the next election, and possibly a candidate to succeed Paul Martin, then the leader of the governing Liberal Party of Canada. Image File history File linksMetadata Ignatieff_speaking_assembly_hall. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Ignatieff_speaking_assembly_hall. ... is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Keith Douglas Davey (born April 21, 1926) is a Canadian politician. ... William Alfred Apps is a Canadian lawyer, businessman and prominent activist in both the Liberal Party of Canada and the Ontario Liberal Party. ... In Canada, a star candidate refers to a high profile individual who has been recruited as a candidate by a political party. ... Paul Edgar Philippe Martin, PC, MP, BA, LLB, LLD (h. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ...

After months of rumours and repeated denials, Ignatieff confirmed in November 2005 that he intended to run for a seat in the House of Commons in the winter 2006 election. It was announced that Ignatieff would seek the Liberal nomination in the Toronto riding of Etobicoke—Lakeshore. Type Lower House Speaker Peter Milliken, Liberal since January 29, 2001 Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Peter Van Loan, Conservative since January 4, 2007 Opposition House Leader Ralph Goodale, Liberal since January 23, 2006 Members 308 Political groups Conservative Party Liberal Party Bloc Québécois... Rendition of party representation in the 39th Canadian parliament decided by this election. ... Etobicoke—Lakeshore (formerly known as Lakeshore and Toronto—Lakeshore) is a federal and provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the Canadian House of Commons since 1968, and in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 1999. ...

Some Ukrainian-Canadian members of the riding association objected to the nomination, citing a perceived anti-Ukrainian sentiment in Blood and Belonging, where Ignatieff discusses Russian stereotypes of Ukrainians.^[21] Critics also questioned his commitment to Canada, pointing out that Ignatieff had lived outside of Canada for more than 30 years. When asked about it by Peter Newman in a Macleans's interview published on 6 April 2006, Ignatieff apologized for referring to himself as an American and said: "Sometimes you want to increase your influence over your audience by appropriating their voice, but it was a mistake. Every single one of the students from 85 countries who took my courses at Harvard knew one thing about me: I was that funny Canadian."^[22] Two other candidates filed for the nomination but were disqualified (one, because he was not a member of the party and the second because he had failed to resign from his position on the riding association executive). Ignatieff went on to defeat the Conservative candidate by a margin of roughly 5,000 votes to win the seat.^[23] A Ukrainian Canadian is a person of Ukrainian descent or origin who was born in or immigrated to Canada. ... In Canadian politics a riding association or constituency association is the basic unit of a political party, that is it is the partys organization at the level of the electoral constituency or riding. ... Peter Charles Newman (born May 10, 1929 in Vienna, Austria) is a Canadian journalist who emigrated from Czechoslovakia to Canada in 1940 as a Jewish refugee. ... Macleans is Canadas leading weekly news magazine. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In Canadian politics a riding association or constituency association is the basic unit of a political party, that is it is the partys organization at the level of the electoral constituency or riding. ... The Conservative Party of Canada (French: Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a conservative political party in Canada, formed by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in December 2003. ... A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ...

Leadership bid

After the Liberal government was defeated in the January 2006 federal election, Paul Martin resigned from party leadership. On 7 April 2006, Michael Ignatieff announced his candidacy in the upcoming Liberal leadership race, joining several others who had already declared their candidacy. Paul Edgar Philippe Martin, PC, MP, BA, LLB, LLD (h. ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wikinews has news related to: Ignatieff tops first ballot in Canadian Liberal convention Canadian Liberal vote heads to third ballot Dion leads Ignatieff heading into final ballot of Canadian Liberal vote Dion wins Canadian Liberal leadership on fourth ballot Wikinews has news related to: Liberal Party of Canada leadership, 2006...

Ignatieff received several high profile endorsements of his candidacy. His campaign was headed up by Senator David Smith, a powerful Chrétien organizer, Ian Davey, Daniel Brock, Alfred Apps and Paul Lalonde, a Toronto lawyer and son of Marc Lalonde.^[24] Financing for the campaign was secured by Brock, former Ontario Premier David Peterson, Abe Schwartz and Giovanni Rizzuto.[6] Wikinews has news related to: Ignatieff tops first ballot in Canadian Liberal convention Canadian Liberal vote heads to third ballot Dion leads Ignatieff heading into final ballot of Canadian Liberal vote Dion wins Canadian Liberal leadership on fourth ballot Wikinews has news related to: Liberal Party of Canada leadership, 2006... David Paul Smith, PC , QC , BA , LL.B (born May 16, 1941) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. ... Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien, usually known as Jean Chrétien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... William Alfred Apps is a Canadian lawyer, businessman and prominent activist in both the Liberal Party of Canada and the Ontario Liberal Party. ... The Honourable Marc Lalonde, PC , OC, QC, LLL, MA (born July 26, 1929) is a retired Canadian politician and Cabinet minister. ... The Honourable David Robert Peterson, PC , LL.B , BA (born December 28, 1943 in Toronto, Ontario) was the twentieth Premier of the Province of Ontario, Canada, from June 26, 1985 to October 1, 1990. ...

Ignatieff assembled an impressive team of policy advisors, consisting of Brock, fellow lawyers Mark Sakamoto, Sachin Aggarwal, Jason Rosychuck, Jon Penney, Nigel Marshman, Alex Mazer, Will Amos, and Alix Dostal, former Ignatieff student Jeff Anders, banker Clint Davis, economists Blair Stransky, Leslie Church and Ellis Westwood, and Liberal operatives Alexis Levine, Marc Gendron, Mike Pal, Julie Dzerowicz, Patrice Ryan, Taylor Owen and Jamie Macdonald.[7]

Following the selection of delegates in the party's "Super Weekend" exercise on the last weekend of September, Ignatieff gained the more support from delegates than other candidates with 30% voting for him.

On Wednesday 11 October 2006, Ignatieff described Israel's attack on Qana during its recent military actions in Lebanon as a war crime. Susan Kadis, who had previously been Ignatieff's campaign co-chair, withdrew her support following the comment. Other Liberal leadership candidates have also criticized Ignatieff's comments.^[25] Ariela Cotler, a Jewish community leader and the wife of prominent Liberal MP Irwin Cotler also left the party following Ignatieff's comments. ^[26] Ignatieff later qualified his statement, saying "Whether war crimes were committed in the attack on Qana is for international bodies to determine."^{[citation needed]} Qana Qana is a village located southeast of Tyre, Lebanon. ... Susan R. Kadis (born January 11, 1953) is Liberal Member of Parliament for Thornhill in the Canadian House of Commons. ... Irwin Cotler, PC , MP , OC , BA , BCL , LL.D , Ph. ...

On 14 October, Ignatieff announced that he would visit Israel to meet with Israeli and Palestinian leaders and "learn first-hand their view of the situation". He noted that Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and Israel's own B'Tselem have stated that war crimes were committed in Qana, describing the suggestion as "a serious matter precisely because Israel has a record of compliance, concern and respect for the laws of war and human rights"^{[citation needed]}. Ignatieff added that he would not meet with Palestinian leaders who did not recognize Israel. However, the Jewish organization sponsoring the junket subsequently cancelled the trip, because of too much media attention. Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Amnesty international Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization which defines its mission as to undertake research and action focused on preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity, freedom of conscience... Human Rights Watch Banner Human Rights Watch is a United States-based international non-government organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. ... BTselem (Hebrew: , in the image of, as in Genesis 1:27) is an Israeli non-governmental organization (NGO) that describes itself as The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories. ...

Montreal Convention

At the leadership convention in Montreal, taking place at Palais des Congrès, Ignatieff entered as the apparent front-runner, having elected more delegates to the convention than any other contender. However, polls consistently showed he had weak second-ballot support, and those delegates not already tied to him would be unlikely to support him later. Constructed over the Autoroute Ville-Marie. ...

On December 1, 2006, Michael Ignatieff led the leadership candidates on the first ballot, garnering 29% support. The subsequent ballots were cast the following day, and Ignatieff managed a small increase, to 31% on the second ballot, good enough to maintain his lead over Bob Rae, who had attracted 24% support, and Stéphane Dion, who garnered 20%. However, due to massive movement towards Stéphane Dion by delegates who supported Gerard Kennedy, Ignatieff dropped to second on the third ballot. Shortly before voting for the third ballot was completed, with the realization that there was a Dion-Kennedy pact, Ignatieff campaign co-chair Denis Coderre made an appeal to Rae to join forces and prevent the ardent federalist Dion from winning the leadership, though Rae turned down the offer.^[27] With the help of the Kennedy delegates, Dion jumped up to 37% support on the third ballot, in contrast to Ignatieff's 34% and Rae's 29%. Bob Rae was eliminated and the bulk of his delegates opted to vote for Dion rather than Ignatieff. In the fourth and final round of voting, Ignatieff took 2084 votes and lost the contest to Stéphane Dion, who won with 2521 votes^[28]. Hon. ... Stéphane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ... Stéphane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ... Gerard Kennedy, (born 1960 in The Pas, Manitoba) is a Canadian politician. ... Denis Coderre (born July 25, 1963) is a Canadian politician. ... Hon. ... Stéphane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ...

Lauren P. S. Epstein, the former prime minister of the Harvard Canadian Club, commented on the loss: "What it came down to in the final vote was that the liberal delegates were looking for someone who was more likely to unite the party; Igantieff had ardent supporters, but at the same time, he had people who would never under any circumstances support him."^[29]

Ignatieff confirmed that he will run as the Liberal MP for Etobicoke—Lakeshore in the next federal election. ^[30]

Extension of Canada's Afghanistan mission

Since his election to Parliament, Ignatieff has been one of the few ^[31] opposition members supporting the minority Conservative government's commitment to Canadian military activity in Afghanistan. Prime Minister Stephen Harper called a vote in the House of Commons for May 17, 2006 on extending the Canadian Forces current deployment in Afghanistan until February 2009. During the debate, Ignatieff expressed his "unequivocal support for the troops in Afghanistan, for the mission, and also for the renewal of the mission." He argued that the Afghanistan mission tests the success of Canada's shift from "the peacekeeping paradigm to the peace-enforcement paradigm," the latter combining "military, reconstruction and humanitarian efforts together."^{[32] [33]} United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan, or UNAMA, was established March 28th, 2002 by the United Nations Security Council resolution 1401. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ...

The opposition Liberal caucus of 102 MPs was divided, with 24 MPs supporting the extension, 66 voting against, and 12 abstentions. Among Liberal leadership candidates, Ignatieff and Scott Brison voted for the extension. Ignatieff led the largest Liberal contingent of votes in favour, with at least five of his caucus supporters voting along with him to extend the mission. ^[34] Following the vote, Harper shook Ignatieff's hand. ^[35] Scott A. Brison, PC, MP, BComm (born May 10, 1967), Windsor, Nova Scotia) is a Canadian politician. ...

In a subsequent campaign appearance, Ignatieff reiterated his view of the mission in Afghanistan. He stated: "the thing that Canadians have to understand about Afghanistan is that we are well past the era of Pearsonian peacekeeping."^[36] The Right Honourable Lester Bowles Mike Pearson (April 23, 1897 - December 27, 1972) was the fourteenth Prime Minister of Canada from April 22, 1963, to April 20, 1968, and also a 1957 Nobel Laureate. ...

Quebec as a nation

On October 21, 2006, the Quebec wing of the Liberal Party of Canada adopted a resolution that called for the entire Liberal Party of Canada to recognize "the Quebec nation", and to form a task force to find possible ways to "officialize this historical and social reality."^[37] Ignatieff endorsed the resolution and suggested that it may need to be entrenched into the Constitution of Canada at some point down the road. Two of his former leadership rivals, Bob Rae and Stéphane Dion have agreed on the nation label but do not want to reopen the Constitution.^[38] Recognizing Quebec's "distinct" nature in the Constitution was attempted previously by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney with the Meech Lake Accord and the Charlottetown Accord, as well as by a motion by then-Prime Minister Jean Chrétien in 1995. is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law in Canada; the countrys constitution is an amalgam of codified acts and uncodified traditions and conventions. ... Hon. ... Stéphane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... Martin Brian Mulroney (born March 20, 1939), was the eighteenth Prime Minister of Canada from September 17, 1984, to June 25, 1993 and was leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada from 1983 to 1993. ... The Meech Lake Accord was a set of failed amendments to the Constitution of Canada negotiated in 1987 by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the provincial premiers, including Robert Bourassa, premier of Quebec. ... Headline on October 27, 1992 Globe and Mail. ... Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien, usually known as Jean Chrétien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ...

On November 23, 2006, Prime Minister Stephen Harper declared his support for the Quebecois people being recognized as a nation within Canada. This recognition of the "Québécois nation" is essentially of symbolic political nature, and represents no constitutional changes or consequences. Prime Minister Harper introduced a motion to the House of Commons that called for the recognition "that the Québecois form a nation within a united Canada". The motion was carried by the House by a vote of 265-16, with every party voting for the motion, and a handful of Liberal members voting against, as well as Independent MP Garth Turner. Following the adoption of this motion, the Liberal motion was withdrawn, and not presented to the convention. Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... In Canadian English, a Québécois (IPA: ) is a native or resident of the province of Quebec, Canada, especially a French-speaking one. ...

Two days earlier, November 21, 2006, one of Ignatieff's senior advisers, Alfred Apps, circulated a long e-mail arguing that if former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau were alive, he would have favoured Mr. Ignatieff's view on the Quebec issue over that of his son, Justin Trudeau. Teh former prime minister's younger son, Alexandre (Sasha) Trudeau, issued a written statement saying that anyone who believes his father would have supported Mr. Ignatieff's views "couldn't be more wrong." Ignatieff said that the Apps e-mail was personal and did not represent his campaign. [8] William Alfred Apps is a Canadian lawyer, businessman and prominent activist in both the Liberal Party of Canada and the Ontario Liberal Party. ... “Trudeau” redirects here. ... Justin Trudeau (born December 25, 1971 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) is the eldest son of the late former Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and his wife, Margaret Trudeau. ...

Deputy Leader

On December 18, 2006, new Liberal leader Stéphane Dion named Ignatieff his Deputy Leader, in line with Dion's plan to give high-ranking positions to each of his former leadership rivals.^[39] Stéphane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ...

During three by-elections held on September 18, 2007, the Halifax Chronicle-Herald reported that unidentified Dion supporters were accusing Ignatieff's supporters of undermining by-election efforts, with the goal of showing that Dion could not hold on to the party's Quebec base.^[40] Susan Delacourt of the Toronto Star described this as a recurring issue in the party with the leadership runner-up.^[41][41] The National Post referred to the affair as, "Discreet signs of a mutiny."^[42]Although Ignatieff called Dion to deny the allegations, the Globe and Mail cited the NDP's widening lead after the article's release, suggested that the report had a negative impact on the Liberals' morale.[9] The Liberals were defeated in their former stronghold of Outremont. The Toronto Star is Canadas highest-circulation newspaper, though its print edition is distributed almost entirely within Ontario. ... The National Post is a large Canadian English language national newspaper based in Toronto. ... The Globe and Mail is a large Canadian English language national newspaper based in Toronto. ... Location of Outremont in the Montreal area. ...

Since then, Ignatieff has urged the Liberals to put aside their differences, saying "united we win, divided we lose".^[43]

Bibliography

Drama

• Dialogue in the Dark, for the BBC

Fiction

• Asya, 1991
• Scar Tissue, 1993
• Charlie Johnson in the Flames, 2005

Non-fiction

• A Just Measure of Pain: Penitentiaries in the Industrial Revolution, 1780-1850, 1978
• The Needs of Strangers, 1984
• The Russian Album, 1987
• Blood and Belonging: Journeys Into the New Nationalism, 1994
• Warrior's Honour: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience, 1997
• Isaiah Berlin: A Life, 1998
• Virtual War: Kosovo and Beyond, 2000
• The Rights Revolution, Viking, 2000
• Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry, Anansi Press Ltd, 2001
• Empire Lite: Nation-Building in Bosnia, Kosovo and Afghanistan, Minerva, 2003
• The Lesser Evil: Political Ethics in an Age of Terror, Princeton University Press, 2004
• American Exceptionalism and Human Rights (ed.), Princeton University Press, 2005.

Recent articles

• Getting Iraq Wrong, The New York Times Magazine, August 5, 2007.
• The Broken Contract, The New York Times Magazine, September 25, 2005.
• Iranian Lessons, The New York Times Magazine, July 17, 2005.
• Who Are Americans to Think That Freedom Is Theirs to Spread?, The New York Times Magazine, June 26, 2005.
• The Uncommitted, The New York Times Magazine, January 30, 2005.
• The Terrorist as Auteur, The New York Times Magazine, November 14, 2004.
• Mirage in the Desert, The New York Times Magazine, 27 June 2004.
• Could We Lose the War on Terror?: Lesser Evils, (cover story), The New York Times Magazine, 2 May 2004.
• The Year of Living Dangerously, The New York Times Magazine, 14 March 2004.
• Arms and the Inspector, Los Angeles Times, 14 March 2004.
• Peace, Order and Good Government: A Foreign Policy Agenda for Canada, OD Skelton Lecture, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Ottawa, March 12, 2004.
• Why America Must Know Its Limits, Financial Times, 24 December 2003.
• A Mess of Intervention. Peacekeeping. Pre-emption. Liberation. Revenge. When should we send in the Troops?, The New York Times Magazine [cover story], 7 September 2003.
• I am Iraq, The New York Times Magazine, 31 March 2003 [Reprinted in the The Guardian and The National Post].
• American Empire: The Burden, (cover story), The New York Times Magazine, 5 January 2003.
• Acceptance Speech from the 2003 Hannah Arendt Prize for Political Thinking
• Mission Impossible?, A Review of A Bed for the Night: Humanitarianism in Crisis, by David Rieff (Simon and Schuster, 2002), Printed in The New York Review of Books, 19 December 2002.
• When a Bridge Is Not a Bridge, New York Times Magazine, 27 October 2002.
• The Divided West, The Financial Times, 31 August 2002.
• Nation Building Lite, (cover story) The New York Times Magazine, 28 July 2002.
• The Rights Stuff, New York Times of Books, 13 June 2002.
• No Exceptions?, Legal Affairs, May/June 2002.
• Why Bush Must Send in His Troops, The Guardian, 19 April 2002.
• Barbarians at the Gates?, The New York Times Book Review, 18 February 2002.
• Is the Human Rights Era Ending?, New York Times, 5 February 2002.
• Intervention and State Failure, Dissent, Winter 2002.
• Kaboul-Sarajevo: Les nouvelles frontiers de l'empire, Seuil, 2002.

Notes and references

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Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... House of Anansi Press is a Canadian publishing company, founded in 1967 by writers Dennis Lee and David Godfrey. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 331st day of the year (332nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 88th day of the year (89th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 338th day of the year (339th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 265th day of the year (266th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 265th day of the year (266th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

External links

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• Michael Ignatieff Leadership Campaign Website
• Official Website of Michael Ignatieff, Etobicoke-Lakeshore
• Federal Political Biography from the Library of Parliament
• Michael Ignatieff Biography
• Michael Ignatieff at the Internet Movie Database

Articles by Ignatieff The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) is an online database of information about movies, actors, television shows, production crew personnel, and video games. ...

• Articles by Michael Ignatieff for the Carnegie Council
• The Meaning of Diana, Prospect Magazine, October 23, 1997. A review of Diana Spencer.
• Why Bush must send in his troops, The Guardian, April 19, 2002. On why Ignatieff believes a two-state solution is the last chance for Middle East peace.
• The Burden, The New York Times Magazine, January 5, 2003. Written just prior to the Iraq war, this article explains his support for the invasion.
• The Lesser Evil: Hard Choices in a War on Terror, Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs, January 23, 2004.
• The Year of Living Dangerously, The New York Times Magazine, March 14, 2004. A follow-up to The Burden, discussing the war.
• Lesser Evils, The New York Times Magazine, May 2, 2004, An article on finding the balance between civil liberties and security.
• A Generous Helping of Liberal Brains, The Globe and Mail, March 4, 2005. An excerpt from his address to the biennial policy conference of the Liberal Party.
• Who Are Americans to Think That Freedom Is Theirs to Spread? , The New York Times Magazine, June 26, 2005. Ignatieff On Spreading Democracy