Michel Ney, Marshal of France.

Michel Ney, Duke of Elchingen, Prince of the Moskowa (January 10, 1769 – December 7, 1815), known as Le Rougeaud ("red faced" or "ruddy"^[1]) by his men and le Brave des Braves ("the bravest of the brave") was a French soldier and military commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was one of the original 18 Marshals of France created by Napoleon I. This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... Baton of a modern Marshal of France The Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France) is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. ... Moskva River near the Moscow Kremlin in 19th century. ... January 10 is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... is the 341st day of the year (342nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... Combatants Great Britain Austria Prussia Spain[1] Russia Sardinia Ottoman Empire Portugal Dutch Republic[2] France The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major conflicts, from 1792 until 1802, fought between the French Revolutionary government and several European states. ... Combatants Austria[1] Portugal Prussia[1] Russia[2] Spain[3] Sweden United Kingdom[4] French Empire Holland Kingdom of Italy Kingdom of Naples Duchy of Warsaw Bavaria[5] Saxony[6] Denmark [7] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack von Leiberich Gebhard von Blücher Duke of Brunswick Prince of... Baton of a modern Marshal of France The Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France) is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. ... Napoléon I, Emperor of the French (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, changed his name to Napoléon Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769; Ajaccio, Corsica – 5 May 1821; Saint Helena) was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from...

Early life

Birthplace of Michel Ney in Saarlouis.

Michel Ney was born in Saarlouis, the second son of Pierre Ney, a master barrel cooper and veteran of the Seven Years' War. ^[2] His hometown was then a French-speaking enclave in a predominantly German-speaking portion of Lorraine, and Ney grew up bilingual. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 2048 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 2048 pixel, file size: 1. ... Saarlouis is a city in the Saarland, Germany, capital of the district of Saarlouis. ... Saarlouis is a city in the Saarland, Germany, capital of the district of Saarlouis. ... Assembly of a barrel in progress A cooper readies, or rounds off, the end of a barrel using a coopers hand adze at the Van Ryn Brandy Cellar near Stellenbosch, South Africa Traditionally, a cooper is someone who makes wooden staved vessels of a conical form, of greater length than... Combatants Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Great Britain Electorate of Hanover Kingdom of Portugal Electorate of Brunswick Electorate of Hesse-Kassel Archduchy of Austria Kingdom of France Empire of Russia Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Spain Electorate of Saxony Kingdom of Naples and Sicily Kingdom of Sardinia The Seven Years... Lorraine coat of arms location of the Lorraine province Lorraine (French: Lorraine; German: Lothringen) is a historical area in present-day northeast France. ... -1...

Ney was educated at the Collège des Augustins and after his education became a notary in Saarlouis and then overseer of mines and forges. The life of a civil servant did not suit Ney, and he enlisted in the Colonel-General Hussar Regiment in 1787.^[3] The Byzantine civil service in action. ... Year 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Career in the French Revolutionary Wars

After joining the Regiment of Hussars in 1787, Ney rapidly rose up the non-commissioned ranks. He served in the Army of the North from 1792-94, with which he saw action at Cannonade of Valmy, Neerwinden, as well as other engagements. Ney was commissioned in October 1792, transferred to the Sambre-et-Meuse in June 1794, and wounded at the Siege of Mainz. Ney was promoted to général de brigade in August 1796 and commanded cavalry on the German Fronts. On 17 April 1797, Ney led a cavalry charge against Austrian lancers trying to seize French cannons. The lancers were beaten back, but Ney’s cavalry were counter-attacked by heavy Austrian cavalry. During the mêlée, Ney was thrown from his horse and became a prisoner of war; on 8 May he was exchanged for an Austrian general ^[4]. Following the capture of Mannheim, Ney was promoted to géneral de division in March 1799. Later in 1799, Ney commanded cavalry in the armies of Switzerland and the Danube, at Winterthur Ney was wounded in the thigh and wrist. After Ney’s recovery, he fought at Hohenlinden under General Moreau in December 1800. Startomg om September 1802, Ney commanded French troops in Switzerland and performed diplomatic duties. On 19 May 1804, Ney received his Marshal's baton ^[5]. Combatants France Prussia Commanders Dumouriez, Kellermann Duke of Brunswick Strength 47,000 35,000 Casualties 300 184 The Battle of Valmy (or Cannonade of Valmy) was fought on 20 September 1792, during the French Revolutionary Wars, around the village of Valmy in northern France. ... The Battle of Neerwinden (18 March 1793) took place near the village of Neerwinden in present-day Belgium between the Austrians under Prince Josias of Coburg and the French under General Dumouriez. ... Combatants First French Republic Austrian empire Commanders General Moreau Archduke John Strength 180,000 120,000 Casualties 6,000 dead and wounded 8,000 dead and wounded, 12,000 captured, 200 cannons lost The Battle of Hohenlinden near Munich was fought on December 3, 1800, during the French Revolutionary Wars. ... Jean Victor Marie Moreau Jean Victor Mark Andrew Moreau (February 14, 1763 – September 2, 1813) was a French general. ...

Career in the Napoleonic Wars

Ney at the battle of Kovno (painting by Denis-August-Marie Raffet).

Ney during the retreat from Russia

In the 1805 campaign, Ney took command of VI Corps of La Grande Armée and was praised for his conduct at Elchingen ^[6]. In November 1805, Ney invaded the Tyrol, capturing Innsbruck from Archduke John. In the 1806 campaign, Ney fought at Jena, and then occupied Erfurt. Later in the campaign, Ney besieged and received the surrender of Magdeburg. In the 1807 campaign, Ney arrived with reinforcements in time to save Napoleon from defeat at Eylau, although the battle ended as a draw. Later in the campaign, Ney fought at Güttstadt and commanded the right wing at Friedland. On 6 June 1808, Ney was created Duke of Elchingen ^[7]. In August 1808, Ney was sent to Spain in command of the VI Corps, and won a number of minor actions. In 1810, Ney joined Marshal Masséna in the invasion of Portugal, where he took Ciudad Rodrigo and Coa and fought at Buçaco. During the retreat from Torres Vedras, Ney was removed from command for insubordination ^[8]. During the 1812 invasion of Russia, Ney was given command of the Third Corps of La Grande Armée. At Smolensk, Ney was wounded in the neck, and later fought in the central sector at Borodino. During the retreat from Moscow. Ney commanded the rear guard. After being cut off from the main army, Ney managed to rejoin the main army, which delighted Napoleon ^[9]. For this action, Ney was given the nickname ‘the bravest of the brave’ by Napoleon^[10]. Ney fought at Beresina and helped hold the vital bridge at Kovno, where legend has it that Ney was the last man to cross the bridge and to leave Russia ^[11]. On 25 March 1813 Ney was given the title, Prince of the Moskowa ^[12]. During the 1813 campaign, Ney fought at Weissenfels, was wounded at Lützen, and commanded the left wing at Bautzen. Ney later fought at Dennewitz and Leipzig, where he was again wounded. In the 1814 campaign in France, Ney fought various battles and commanded various units. At Fontainebleau, Ney became the spokesmen for the Marshals' revolt on 4 April 1814, demanding Napoleon’s abdication. Ney informed Napoleon that the army would not march on Paris. Napoleon responded, "The army will obey me!" to which Ney answered, "The army will obey its chiefs." ^[13] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1620x1280, 345 KB) Peinture de Denis-Auguste-Marie Raffet (1804-1860). ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1620x1280, 345 KB) Peinture de Denis-Auguste-Marie Raffet (1804-1860). ... City Flag Kaunas (Polish: Kowno, often anglicized as Kovno; Russian Каунас, formerly Ковно), is the second largest city in Lithuania with 400,000 inhabitants. ... Michel Ney at the battle of Kowno. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1168x799, 360 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Adolphe Yvon ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1168x799, 360 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Adolphe Yvon ... La Grande Armée (French for the Great Army or the Grand Army) first entered the annals of history when, in 1805, Napoleon I renamed the army that he had assembled on the French coast of the English Channel for the proposed invasion of Britain and re-deployed it East... The Battle of Elchingen was fought on October 14, 1805, between French forces and a small Austrian force. ... Innsbruck is a city in western Austria, and the capital of the federal state of Tyrol. ... Archduke Johann (or John) of Austria (January 20, 1782 - May 11, 1859) was the 13th child of Grand Duke Leopold of Tuscany, who later became Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor. ... Combatants First French Empire Prussia Commanders Napoleon I Louis Nicolas Davout Duke of Brunswick Prince Hohenlohe Strength 90,000 (Jena); 27,000 (Auerstedt) 38,000 (Jena); 63,000 (Auerstedt) Casualties 5,000 dead and wounded (Jena); 7,000 killed, wounded, or missing (Auerstedt) 25,000 dead, wounded, or captured (Jena... This article is about the German city. ... The Battle of Eylau, fought on February 7–8, 1807, was a bloody and inconclusive contest between the forces of Napoléon and a mostly Russian army under General Bennigsen. ... Combatants First French Empire Russian Empire Commanders Napoléon Bonaparte General Bennigsen Strength 80,000 60,000 Casualties 8,000 killed and wounded[1] 20,000 killed and wounded[2] The Battle of Friedland, fought on June 14, 1807 about twenty-seven miles (43 km) southeast of the modern Russian... André Masséna, duc de Rivoli, prince dEssling, maréchal dEmpire. ... The Battle of Coa (July 24, 1810) was part of the Peninsular War period of the Napoleonic Wars. ... The Battle of Buçaco was a battle of the Peninsular War, fought by British and Portuguese forces under the command of the Duke of Wellington on September 27, 1810, to check French pursuit of his retreat to the Lines of Torres Vedras. ... The First Battle of Smolensk took place on August 17, 1812, between 175,000 French under Napoleon Bonaparte and 130,000 Russians under Prince Bagration, of whom about 50,000 and 60,000 respectively were actually engaged. ... Combatants First French Empire Russian Empire Commanders Napoleon I Mikhail Kutuzov Strength 82,400 infantry 26,700 cavalry 14,900 artillery troops with 587 guns[1] 72,000 infantry 17,300 cavalry 14,500 artillery troops with 637 guns[2] Casualties ~6,600 killed ~21,400 wounded [3] ~43,000... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Battle of Berezina was held on November 26-29, 1812 between the French army of Napoleon retreating after his invasion of Russia and crossing the Berezina, and Russian army under Kutuzov. ... Weißenfels is a place in the district Weißenfels, Germany. ... Combatants First French Empire Prussia Russia Commanders Napoleon I of France Jacques Lauriston Michel Ney Nicolas Oudinot Auguste Marmont Gebhard von Blücher Peter Wittgenstein Gerhard von Scharnhorst† Strength 120,000 73,000 Casualties 18-22,000 18-22,000 The Battle of Lützen was the first major engagement... The Battle of Bautzen was fought on May 21, 1813, and resulted in a French victory under Napoléon Bonaparte against the Kingdom of Prussians and Russians. ... Battle of Dennewitz 6 September 1813 Prelude: Marshall Oudinot advanced his corp along 3 separate roads on an advance to Berlin. ... Combatants French Empire Duchy of Warsaw Confederation of the Rhine[1] Austria Prussia Russia Sweden Commanders Napoleon I Jozef Antoni Poniatowski† Frederick Augustus of Saxony Barclay De Tolly Count Benningsen Prince of Schwarzenberg Gebhard von Blücher Prince Charles John of Sweden Strength 191,000 330,000 Casualties 38,000... Coordinates Administration Country Region ÃŽle-de-France Department Seine-et-Marne (sous-préfecture) Arrondissement Fontainebleau Canton Fontainebleau (chief town) Intercommunality Communauté de communes de Fontainebleau-Avon Mayor Frédéric Valletoux (2005-2008) Statistics Altitude 42–150 (avg. ...

Post-Napoleon Career

When Paris fell and the Bourbons reclaimed the throne, Ney, who had pressured Napoleon to accept his first abdication and exile, was promoted, lauded, and made a peer by the newly enthroned Louis XVIII. Although Ney had pledged his allegiance to the restored monarchy, the Bourbon court reacted coolly to his common origins. When hearing of Napoleon’s return to France, Ney. determined to keep France at peace and to show his loyalty to Louis XVIII, began organizing a force to stop Napoleon’s march on Paris. Ney also pledged to bring Napoleon back alive in an iron cage. Napoleon was aware of Ney’s plans and sent him a letter which said in part, "I shall receive you as after the Battle of the Moskowa." ^[14] Despite Ney’s promise, he joined Napoleon at Auxerre on 18 March 1815. City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) The Eiffel Tower in Paris, as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... Following the ousting of Napoleon I of France in 1814, the Allies restored the Bourbon Dynasty to the French throne. ... For other uses, see Peerage (disambiguation). ... Louis XVIII (November 17, 1755 - September 16, 1824) was King of France and Navarre from 1814 (although he declared that he considered his reign to have begun in 1795) until his death in 1824, with a brief break in 1815 due to Napoleons return in the Hundred Days. ...

During the Hundred Days

On 15 June 1815, Napoleon appointed Ney commander of the left wing of Army of the North. On 16 June, Napoleon’s forces split up into two separate wings to fight two separate battles simultaneously. Ney attacked Wellington at Quatre Bras (and received criticism for attacking slowly, ^[15]) while Napoleon attacked Blücher’s Prussians at Ligny. Although Ney was criticized for not capturing Quatre Bras early, there is still debate as to the time when Napoleon actually ordered Ney to capture Quatre Bras. ^[16] At Ligny, Napoleon ordered General d’Erlon to move his corps (currently on Napoleon’s left and Ney’s right) to the Prussians' rear to cut off their line of retreat. D’Erlon began to move in position, but suddenly stopped and began moving way, much to the surprise and horror of Napoleon. The reason for the sudden change in movement was that Ney had ordered d’Erlon to his aid at Quatre Bras. Without d’Erlon's corps blocking the Prussians' line of retreat, the French victory at Ligny would not have been complete, and the Prussians would not have been routed. ^[17] To be fair, Ney was d’Erlon’s direct superior, and Napoleon never informed Ney of his plans. At Waterloo Ney was again in command of the left wing of the army. At around 3:30 p.m., Ney ordered a mass cavalry charge against the English and the Dutch. Ney's cavalry overtook the enemy cannons, but found the infantry in squares, without infantry or artillery support. Ney was unable to break the squares. The action earned Ney criticism, and some contest that it led to Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo. ^[18] There is still debate as to the responsibility for the cavalry charge and why it was unsupported. Ney’s cavalry also failed to spike enemy cannons (driving an iron spike into the firing hole) while they were under French control. (During a cavalry attack, the crew of cannons retreated into the squares for protection.) Ney’s cavalry carried equipment needed to spike cannons, and spiking the cannons would likely have made them useless for the rest of the battle. The loss of a large number of cannons would have weakened the English army and might have caused the Anglo-Dutch force to withdraw from the battle. ^[19] Ney was seen during one of the charges beating his sword against the side of a British cannon in furious frustration. When all was clearly lost, Ney gathered a group of French soldiers together and cried, "Come and see how a Marshal of France can die!"^{[citation needed]} Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ... Combatants France Anglo-Allies[1] Commanders Michel Ney Duke of Wellington William II of the Netherlands Strength 18,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry and 32 guns (a total of 24,000 troops by the end of the battle) 20,000 by the end of the battle Casualties 4,000 4... Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher. ... The Battle of Ligny, fought June 16, 1815, was a French victory under Napoleon against the Prussian army under Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher in the Napoleonic Wars. ... dErlon, 1815 Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte dErlon (July 29, 1765-January 25, 1844) was a marshal of France and a soldier in Napoleons Army. ... Combatants First French Empire Seventh Coalition: United Kingdom Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of the United Netherlands Kingdom of Hanover Nassau Brunswick Commanders Napoleon Bonaparte, Michel Ney Duke of Wellington, Gebhard von Blücher Strength 73,000 67,000 Coalition 60,000 Prussian (48,000 engaged by about 18:00) Casualties...

Execution

Marshal Ney's gravesite in Père Lachaise Cemetery.

When Napoleon was defeated, dethroned, and exiled for the second time in the summer of 1815, Ney was arrested on 3 August 1815, and tried on 4 December 1815 for treason by the Chamber of Peers. On 6 December 1815, he was condemned, and was executed by firing squad in Paris near the Luxembourg Garden on 7 December 1815, an event that deeply divided the French public. He refused to wear a blindfold and was allowed the right to give the order to fire, reportedly saying: Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 331 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 331 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Looking down the hill at Père Lachaise. ... is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... December 4th redirects here. ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... December 6 is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... Execution by firing squad is a method of capital punishment, especially in times of war. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) The Eiffel Tower in Paris, as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... The Luxembourg Palace seen from the garden The Luxembourg Garden (Jardin du Luxembourg, familiar nickname Luco) is a 224,500 m² public park in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France. ... is the 341st day of the year (342nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ...

Soldiers, when I give the command to fire, fire straight at my heart. Wait for the order. It will be my last to you. I protest against my condemnation. I have fought a hundred battles for France, and not one against her... Soldiers, fire! ^[20]

Ney's execution was an example intended for Napoleon's other marshals and generals, many of whom were eventually exonerated by the Bourbon monarchy. He is buried in Paris at Père Lachaise Cemetery. Looking down the hill at Père Lachaise. ...

Pretenders and legends

One of the more colourful legends of Ney that have grown up after the Marshal's untimely demise by firing squad was that Ney had managed to escape to the United States. Proponents of this theory argue that Ney had Masonic ties, including to the Duke of Wellington, who helped him fake his execution and flee abroad. According to this account, the soldiers in the firing squad put blood packets over his heart and then shot blanks at the Marshal. He was then smuggled to the United States and continued his life as a school teacher. The Masonic Square and Compasses. ... Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ...

The basis for these rumours was the presence in the United States of a Peter Stuart Ney, who impressed his friends and students with tales of military glory, and claimed to be—or at least did not deny being—the executed Napoleonic Marshal. This theory is supported by family legend, which ties him to America. A series of Ney's private journals held by his relatives seem to verify his claim of actually being the famous French general.^{[citation needed]}

Peter Stuart Ney taught school in North and South Carolina, including at Davidson College, where he designed the school seal still in use. He died in 1846, reportedly after uttering the final words, "Bessières is dead; the Old Guard is dead; now, please, let me die." ^[21] On his gravestone in Cleveland, North Carolina, at Third Creek Presbyterian Church on Third Creek Church Road, one will find the words "(...) soldier of the French Revolution under Napoleon Bonaparte (...)". Davidson College is a private liberal arts college for 1,700 students in Davidson, North Carolina, USA. Both the town and college were named for Brigadier General William Lee Davidson, a Revolutionary War commander. ... Jean-Baptiste Bessières Jean Baptiste Bessières, duke of Istria (August 6, 1768 – May 1, 1813), was a French marshal. ... In Politics, Old Guard refers to the Old Right group of libertarian, free-market anti-interventionists. ... Cleveland is a town located in Rowan County, North Carolina. ...

Notes

Combatants First French Empire Russian Empire Commanders Napoleon I Mikhail Kutuzov Strength 82,400 infantry 26,700 cavalry 14,900 artillery troops with 587 guns[1] 72,000 infantry 17,300 cavalry 14,500 artillery troops with 637 guns[2] Casualties ~6,600 killed ~21,400 wounded [3] ~43,000...

References

• Atteridge, A.H. Marshal Ney: The Bravest of the Brave. Pen & Sword, 2005.
• Chandler, David (editor). Napoleon's Marshals. London: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1987. ISBN 0-297-79124-9
• Chandler, D. Dictionary of the Napoleonic wars. Wordsworth editions, 1999.
• Gates, D. The Napoleonic Wars, 1803-1815. Pimlico, 2003.
• Horricks, Raymond Marshal Ney, The Romance And The Real (ISBN: 0882546554)
• Markham, J. D. Napoleon’s Road to Glory: Triumphs, Defeats, and Immortality. Brassey’s, 2003.
• Roberts, A. Waterloo, June 18, 1815: The Battle for Modern Europe. Happer-Collins Pub., 2005.
• Tsouras, P.G. The book of Military Quotations. Zenith Press, 2005.

External links

• Ney defends his conduct at Waterloo
• Ney's grave at Findagrave.com.

Marshals of France during the Napoleonic Wars

Augereau • Bernadotte • Berthier • Bessières • Brune • Davout • Grouchy • Jourdan • Kellermann • Lannes • Lefebvre • MacDonald • Marmont • Masséna • Moncey • Mortier • Murat • Ney • Oudinot • Pérignon • Poniatowski • Saint-Cyr • Sérurier • Soult • Suchet • Victor Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Baton of a modern Marshal of France The Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France) is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. ... Combatants Austria[1] Portugal Prussia[1] Russia[2] Spain[3] Sweden United Kingdom[4] French Empire Holland Kingdom of Italy Kingdom of Naples Duchy of Warsaw Bavaria[5] Saxony[6] Denmark [7] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack von Leiberich Gebhard von Blücher Duke of Brunswick Prince of... Pierre François Charles Augereau, duc de Castiglione Pierre François Charles Augereau, duc de Castiglione (October 21, 1757 – June 12, 1816) was a French General, marshal of France and protagonist of both the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. ... Charles XIV John (Swedish: Carl XIV Johan), born Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte (January 26, 1763 – March 8, 1844) was King of Sweden and Norway (where he was known as Carl III Johan) from 1818 until his death. ... Louis Alexandre Berthier, Marshal of France Louis Alexandre Berthier, prince de Neuchâtel (February 20, 1753 – June 1, 1815), marshal of France, Vice-Constable of France beginning in 1808, and chief of staff under Napoleon, was born at Versailles. ... Jean-Baptiste Bessières Jean Baptiste Bessières, duke of Istria (August 6, 1768 – May 1, 1813), was a French marshal. ... Lithograph of Guillaume Marie Anne Brune by Delpech Guillaume Marie Anne Brune (March 13, 1763 – August 2, 1815) was a marshal of France. ... Davout, Marshal of France Louis Nicolas dAvout (May 10, 1770 – June 1, 1823), better known as Davout, duc dAuerstädt, prince dEckmühl, and a marshal of France. ... Emmanuel, Marquis de Grouchy, Marshal of France Emmanuel, marquis de Grouchy (October 23, 1766 – May 29, 1847), marshal of France, was born in Paris. ... Jean-Baptiste Jourdan Jean-Baptiste, comte Jourdan (April 29, 1762 – November 23, 1833), was a marshal of France. ... François Christophe de Kellermann François Christophe Kellermann or de Kellermann (28 May 1735 - 23 September 1820), duke of Valmy and marshal of France, came of a Saxon family, long settled in Strasbourg and ennobled. ... Marshal of France Jean Lannes by Jean Charles Nicaise Perrin Jean Lannes, Duke of Montebello (April 11, 1769 – May 31, 1809), Marshal of France, was born at Lectoure, Gers. ... François Joseph Lefebvre, Marshal of France François Joseph Lefebvre, duc de Dantzig, (1755-1820) was marshal of France during the Napoleonic Wars. ... Etienne-Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre MacDonald Etienne-Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre MacDonald (November 17, 1765 - September 7, 1840), duke of Taranto and marshal of France, was born at Sedan, France. ... Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de Marmont, Marshal of France. ... André Masséna, duc de Rivoli, prince dEssling, maréchal dEmpire. ... Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey, duc de Conegliano (1754–1842), Marshal of France, was a prominent soldier in Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. ... Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, Marshal of France Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, duc de Trévise (February 13, 1768 – July 28, 1835), marshal of France under Napoléon, was born at Le Cateau-Cambrésis, and entered the army as a sub-lieutenant in 1791. ... Joachim Murat, King of Naples, Marshal of France. ... Nicolas Charles Oudinot (April 25, 1767 - September 13, 1847), duke of Reggio, was a marshal of France. ... Dominique-Catherine Pérignon, marquis de Grenade (May 31, 1754 - December 25, 1818) was Marshal of France. ... Noble Family Poniatowski Coat of Arms CioÅ‚ek Parents Andrzej Poniatowski Teresa Kinsky Sibling Maria Teresa Tyszkiewiczowa Consorts none Children with Zelia SitaÅ„ska: Józef SzczÄ™sny Poniatowski; with Zofia Czosnowska: Karol Józef Poniatowski. ... Laurent, Marquis de Gouvion Saint-Cyr (April 13, 1764 - March 17, 1830) was a French marshal. ... Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier, comte Sérurier (December 8, 1742—December 24, 1819), was a French soldier and political figure who rose to the rank of Marshal of France. ... Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (March 29, 1769 – November 26, 1851) was a French general and statesman, named Marshal of France in 1804. ... Louis Gabriel Suchet, duc dAlbufera da Valencia (March 2, 1770 - January 3, 1826), marshal of France, one of the most brilliant of Napoleons generals, was the son of a silk manufacturer at Lyons, where he was born. ... Claude Victor-Perrin, duc de Belluno (7 December 1764 – 1 March 1841) was a marshal of France during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. ...