During Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km (60,000 ft) into the air. August 9, 1945 World War II was a global conflict that started in 7 July 1937 in Asia and 1 September 1939 in Europe and lasted until 1945, involving the majority of the... World War II The British Middle East Command was based in View of the modern citys skyline. Cairo incorporates an entire medieval section, which is now a popular neighborhood and contains important buildings of islamic architecture. Average temeprature and precipitations in Cairo Cairo ( Arabic: القاهرة; romanized: al-Qāhirah) is the capital city... Cairo with responsibility for the Middle East theatre which included North Africa, East Africa, Persian art is conscious of a great past, and monumental in many respects. Richard Frye. Example of a modern Persian Miniature by a contemporary artist. Persia is the historical and alternative name for the state of Iran in the European languages. The name was used in the West due to... Persia, the Middle East, and the British forces in the Balkans and Greece, formally called the Hellenic Republic ( Greek: Ελληνική Δημοκρατία), is a country in the southeast of Europe on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula. It has land boundaries with Bulgaria, the Former Yugoslav... Greece.

The Commander-in-Chief (in NATO-lingo often C-in-C or CINC pronounced sink) is the commander of all the military forces within a particular region or of all the military forces of a state. While well-known Commanders-in-Chief often have been senior generals, many countries have the... Commander-in-Chiefs (C-in-C)s were

• Archibald Percival Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell (May 5, 1883 _ May 24, 1950) was a British General and the commander of British Army forces in the Middle East during World War II. He led British forces to victory over the Italians, only to be defeated by the German army. Wavell... Archibald Wavell July 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). Events January-June January 2 - End of term for Frank Finley Merriam, 28th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Culbert Levy Olson. January 24 - Earthquake kills 30.000 in Chile – about 50.000 sq... 1939 – July 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 6 - Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivers his Four Freedoms Speech in the State of the Union Address. January 10 - Lend-Lease is introduced into the U.S. Congress. January 19 - British troops attack Italian... 1941
• Field Marshal Sir Claude John Eyre Auchinleck, GCB, GCIE, CSI, DSO, OBE (June 21, 1884 - 1981), nicknamed The Auk, was a British army commander during World War II. Born in Aldershot, he grew up in impoverished circumstances, but was able through hard work and scholarships to graduate from the Royal... Claude Auchinleck July 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 6 - Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivers his Four Freedoms Speech in the State of the Union Address. January 10 - Lend-Lease is introduced into the U.S. Congress. January 19 - British troops attack Italian... 1941 – August 1942 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 1 - World War II: The word United Nations is first officially used to describe the Allied pact. January 2 - World War II: Manila is captured by Japanese forces. The Japanese Admiral stays in... 1942
• Sir Field Marshal Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis (December 10, 1891 - June 16, 1969) was a British military commander and Field Marshal, notably during World War II as the commander of the 15th Army Group. He would later serve as the last British Governor General of... Harold Alexander August 1942 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 1 - World War II: The word United Nations is first officially used to describe the Allied pact. January 2 - World War II: Manila is captured by Japanese forces. The Japanese Admiral stays in... 1942 – ????

For the nine months of World War II the Middle Eastern theatre was quiet until Italy's declaration of war in June 1940. Wavell however was able to not only defend against the Italian attacks but to defeat the Italians and occupy their colonies in This article needs cleanup. Please edit this article to conform to a higher standard of article quality. The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (Ityopiya, Amharic ኢትዮጵያ) is a country situated in an area known as the Horn of Africa. It has one of the most... Ethiopia and Somaliland (Somali: Soomaaliland) is a former British territory located in the northwest region of Somalia in the Horn of Africa. In May of 1991, northern clans declared an independent Republic of Somaliland that now includes five of the eighteen administrative regions of Somalia, roughly the region between Ethiopia, Djibouti and... Somaliland. By February 1941, the British appeared to be on the verge of overrunning the last Italian forces in This article is about Libya, the country in North Africa. For the mythical character of the same name see: Libya (mythology). The Great Socialist Peoples Libyan Arab Jamahiriya or Libya (Arabic: ليبيا) is a country in North Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, located between Egypt... Libya, which would have ended Axis control in all of Africa. Then the tide of war turned against them as the Germans attack throught the Balkans and on to occupy Crete. The German's reinforced the Italians in Libya with the The Deutsches Afrikakorps (often just Afrika Korps or DAK) was the corps_level headquarters controlling the German Panzer divisions in Libya and Egypts Western Desert during the North African Campaign of World War II. Since there was little turnover in the units attached to the corps the term is commonly... Afrika Corps and the British suffered further setbacks. Wavell and Auchinleck exchanged positions Auchinleck became C-in-C Middle East and Wavell became This article is in need of attention. Please see its listing on Pages needing attention and improve it in any way you see fit. When the issues regarding this page have been resolved, remove this notice and the listing, but please do not remove this notice until the article has... C-in-C in India.

While Auchinleck was in command the Eighth Army confronting the German The Deutsches Afrikakorps (often just Afrika Korps or DAK) was the corps_level headquarters controlling the German Panzer divisions in Libya and Egypts Western Desert during the North African Campaign of World War II. Since there was little turnover in the units attached to the corps the term is commonly... Afrika Corps and the Italian Army was commanded successively by Generals Sir Alan Cunningham and Sir Neil Ritchie. Richie was dismissed after defeats at the hands of General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel (November 15, 1891–October 14, 1944) was one of the most distinguished German Field Marshals and commander of the Deutsches Afrika Korps in World War II. He is also known by his nickname The Desert Fox (Wüstenfuchs). Early life and... Erwin Rommel. Auchinleck assumed the field command himself and the German/Italian advance was halted the at the The First Battle of El Alamein 1–July 31, 1942 was a battle of the Western Desert Campaign of World War II, fought between the German–Italian Afrikakorps commanded by Erwin Rommel and the British Eighth Army, commanded by Claude Auchinleck. Following the defeat at the Battle of... First Battle of El Alamein.

The Auk, as he was known to his troops, was unfortunate in some of his subordinate senior officers in North Africa: some were incompetent, some were killed and some were captured. He struggled with the inate conservatism of the army establishment to get the armoured and infantry wings of the army to fight together on the German pattern, but had only limited success.

Like his foe Rommel (and his predecessor Wavell), Auchinleck was subjected to constant political interference. He had to weather a barrage of hectoring telegrams and instructions from Prime Minister Churchill throughout late 1941 and the spring and summer of 1942. Churchill constantly sought an offensive from Auchinleck, and was (understandably) downcast at the military reverses in Egypt and Cyrenaica. Churchill was desperate for some sort of British victory before the planned American landings in North Africa ("Torch") scheduled for November 1942. Again he badgered Auchinleck, immediately after the Eighth Army had all but exhausted itself after First Alamein. He flew to Cairo in August 1942, purportedly for consultations with Auchinleck, but it is now obvious that Churchill had made up his mind before he left Britain. Auchinleck was sacked by Churchill in August 1942, almost certainly because he refused to be bullied by Churchill into ordering a major offensive before he and his troops were properly prepared. He was replaced as C-in-C Middle East by General Alexander and as GOC Eighth Army by Lt-General William Strafer Gott, during World War II, was a Lieutenant General in the British Eighth Army. An officer in the Kings Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), Gott served with distinction with the BEF in France during World War I. Arriving in Egypt in 1939 as a Lieutenant Colonel commanding the... William Gott, who was killed in Egypt before taking up command. On Gott's death, Lt-General (later Field Marshal Viscount) Bernard Law Montgomery Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein (November 17, 1887 - March 24, 1976) was a British military officer during World War II often referred to as Monty. He was born in London in 1887. During the Irish War of Independence (1919_1921), Montgomery was Officer... Bernard Montgomery was appointed commander of the Eighth Army.

Alexander presided over Montgomery's victory at the The Battle of Alamein, or more correctly the Second Battle of El Alamein, marked a significant turning point in the Western Desert Campaign of World War II and was the first major victory by an Allied force over the Wehrmacht. The battle lasted from October 23 to November 3, 1942... Second Battle of El Alamein. After the Anglo-American forces from Operation Torch (from November 8, 1942) was the Anglo-American invasion of French North Africa in World War II during the North African Campaign. The Soviet Union had been putting pressure on the United States and Britain to begin operations in Europe, a second front to relieve the pressure on... Operation Torch and the Western Desert forces met in Tunisia in January 1943, he became deputy to Dwight Eisenhower in Allied Forces Headquarters was the headquarters that controlled all Allied forces in the Mediterranean theatre from late 1943 to the end of the war. It was established in the UK in August 1942 under General Dwight Eisenhower in order to command the forces committed to Operation Torch. Eisenhower had the... AFHQ.