NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Mike Mansfield

Michael Joseph Mansfield (March 16, 1903 – October 5, 2001) was an American politician. Born in New York City to Irish Catholic immigrants, he was raised in Montana, where he graduated from the University of Montana and was a member of the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity. Mansfield represented the state of Montana throughout his political career. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (610x1054, 517 KB)Mike Mansfield by Aaron Shikler Oil on canvas, 1978 Sight measurement Height: 79. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (610x1054, 517 KB)Mike Mansfield by Aaron Shikler Oil on canvas, 1978 Sight measurement Height: 79. ... Michael Mansfield QC is a well-known British lawyer. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in leap years). ... 1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... October 5 is the 278th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (279th in Leap years). ... This article is about the year 2001. ... Nickname: Big Apple, City that never Sleeps, Gotham Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613 Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... University of Montana The University of Montana campus, 1999. ... ATÎ© (Alpha Tau Omega) is an American fraternity. ... Look up fraternity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Early childhood

Mansfield was born in New York City, but moved to Montana at an early age. He was raised in Great Falls. Nickname: Big Apple, City that never Sleeps, Gotham Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613 Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City 1,214. ... Great Falls, Montana the Electric City at dusk Great Falls is a city located in Cascade County, Montana, United States. ...

Military service

Mansfield left home in 1917, before completing the 8th grade. He joined the United States Navy at 14 years of age on 23 February 1918. Ten months of Mansfield’s nineteen months of World War I Navy service were spent overseas. He subsequently spent one year in the Army. USN redirects here. ... February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ...

On 10 November 1920, Mansfield enlisted a third time, now in the United States Marine Corps. He served in the Western Recruiting Division at San Francisco until January 1921, when he was transferred to the Marine Barracks at Puget Sound, Washington. The following month, he was detached to the Guard Company, Marine Barracks, Navy Yard, Mare Island, California. In April, he boarded the USAT Sherman, bound for the Philippines. After a brief stopover at the Marine Barracks at Cavite, he arrived at his duty station on 5 May 1921, the Marine Barracks, Naval Station, Olongapo, Philippine Islands. One year later, Mansfield was assigned to Company A, Marine Battery, Asiatic Fleet. A short tour of duty with the Asiatic Fleet took him along the coast of China, before he returned to Olongapo in late May, 1922. November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the U.S. military responsible for providing power projection from the sea,[1] utilizing the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces to global crises. ... CAVITE is a province of the Philippines located on the southern shores of Manila Bay in the CALABARZON region in Luzon, just 30 kilometers south of Manila. ... May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ...

That August, Mansfield returned to Cavite in preparation for his return to the United States and eventual discharge. On 9 November 1922, Marine Private Michael J. Mansfield was released on the completion of his enlistment. He was awarded the Good Conduct Medal, his character being described as “excellent” during his two years as a Marine. November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Education

Mansfield returned to Montana after his discharge where he worked in the Butte mines as a miner and mining engineer until 1930. Having never attended high school, Mansfield had to read and study to take the entrance examinations to become eligible to enter college. He attended the Montana School of Mines from 1927 to 1928 and University of Montana (known then as Montana State University) from 1930 to 1934. At the University, he was awarded the B.A. and M.A. degrees and went on to teach there for ten years. Before being elected to his first term in Congress in 1942, he was the Professor of Latin American and Far Eastern History at the University of Montana. University of Montana The University of Montana campus, 1999. ... A professor giving a lecture The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ...

Congressional service

He served as a member of the Democratic Party in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1943 until 1953 and in the United States Senate from 1953 until 1977. During his tenure in the Senate, he served as the majority leader from 1961 to 1977; he is the longest serving majority leader in the history of the Senate as of 2006. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (814x242, 16 KB) Signature of Mike Mansfield - Scanned (300 dpi) from an official envelope when he was a member of the US House of representatives, dated April 1952. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (814x242, 16 KB) Signature of Mike Mansfield - Scanned (300 dpi) from an official envelope when he was a member of the US House of representatives, dated April 1952. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States; the other being the Republican Party. ... Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives (or simply the House) is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress, the other being the Senate. ... Seal of the U.S. Senate The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the bicameral United States Congress, the other being the House of Representatives. ... Seal of the U.S. Senate The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the bicameral United States Congress, the other being the House of Representatives. ... The Senate Majority Leader is a member of the United States Senate who is elected by the party conference which holds the majority in the Senate to serve as the chief Senate spokesman for his or her party and to manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

An early supporter of Ngo Dinh Diem, Mansfield had a change of heart on the Vietnam issue after a visit to Vietnam in 1962. He reported to President Kennedy on December 2, 1962, that US money given to Diem's government was being squandered and that the US should avoid further involvement in Vietnam. He was thus the first American official to comment adversely on the war's progress. During the Johnson presidency, Mansfield became a frequent and vocal critic of US involvement in the Vietnam war. He hailed the new Nixon administration, especially the "Nixon Doctrine" announced at Guam in 1969 that the US would 1) honor all U.S. treaty commitments against those who might invade the lands of allies of the United States; 2). To provide a nuclear umbrella against threats of other nuclear powers; and 3). To supply weapons and technical assistance to countries where warranted but without committing American forces to local conflicts. In turn Nixon turned to Mansfield for advice and as his liaison with the Senate on Vietnam. However, By 1970, with Nixon still pursuing the war, he adopted the position that the Congress ought to pressure Nixon more, especially by stringent legislative limitations on the use of American forces and appropriated funds for the war. As a result, Nixon reduced American forces by 95%, leaving only 24,200 in late 1972; the last left in 1973. This is a Vietnamese name; the persons family name is NgÃ´, but should be properly referred to as Diá»‡m. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam Peopleâ€™s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 â€“ November 22, 1963), also referred to as John F. Kennedy, JFK, John Kennedy or Jack Kennedy, was the 35th President of the United States. ... December 2 is the 336th day (337th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 â€“ January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963â€“1969). ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam Peopleâ€™s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 â€“ April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. ...

Mansfield introduced the Civil Rights Act of 1964. President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964 . ...

The controversial Mansfield Amendment of 1973 expressly limited appropriations for defense research (through ARPA) to projects with direct military application. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military. ...

U.S. Ambassador to Japan

Mansfield retired from the Senate in 1976, and was appointed Ambassador to Japan in April 1977 by Jimmy Carter, a role he retained during the Reagan administration until 1988. Mansfield is particularly renowned for describing the United States-Japan relationship as the 'most important bilateral relationship in the world, bar none'. Mansfield's successor in Japan Michael Armacost noted in his memoirs that, for Mansfield, the phrase was a 'mantra'. James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 â€“ June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981â€“1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967â€“1975). ... Michael H. Armacost is a fellow at Stanford Universitys Institute for International Studies. ...

After his retirement as ambassador, he worked as an advisor to Goldman Sachs on East Asian affairs. Goldman Sachs offices at the FraumÃ¼nsterplatz in ZÃ¼rich (the light-colored building on the left) The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ...

Honors

The Mike and Maureen Mansfield Memorial Library at the University of Montana, Missoula is named after him and his wife Maureen, as was his request when informed of the honor. The library also contains the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Center, which is dedicated to Asian studies, and, like the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation, "advancing understanding and co-operation in U.S.-Asia relations." University of Montana The University of Montana campus, 1999. ... Missoula, Montana viewed from the top of Mount Sentinel in 1999. ... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... The Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation was established in 1983 to promote understanding and cooperation among the nations and peoples of Asia and the United States. ...

The Montana Democratic Party holds an annual Mansfield-Metcalf Dinner named partially in his honor. Mansfield retired in 1989, received the United States Military Academy's Sylvanus Thayer Award and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1990, and died on October 5, 2001, at the age of 98. The Montana Democratic Party (abbreviated MDP) is a Montana political party affiliated with the United States Democratic Party. ... USMA is an acronym for the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. ... The Sylvanus Thayer Award is a military award that is given each year by the United States Military Academy at West Point. ... The Presidential Medal of Freedom The Presidential Medal of Freedom is one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, considered the equivalent of the Congressional Gold Medal of Honor. ... October 5 is the 278th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (279th in Leap years). ... This article is about the year 2001. ...

Burial at Arlington

This gentleman went from snuffy to national and international prominence. And when he passed away in 2001, he was rightly buried in Arlington. If you want to visit his grave, don't look for him near the "Kennedy Eternal Flame", where so many politicians are laid to rest. Look for a small, common marker shared by the majority of our heroes. Look for the marker that says "Michael J. Mansfield, Pfc. U. S. Marine Corps". Remarks by Col. James Michael Lowe, USMC [1] October 20, 2004. [[ Historical Information Arlington National Cemetery Section 27 Facts Pvt. ...

The plot of Senator and Mrs. Mansfield can be found in section 2, marker 49-69F.

References

The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the U.S. military responsible for providing power projection from the sea,[1] utilizing the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces to global crises. ... April 22 is the 112th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (113th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

The Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation was established in 1983 to promote understanding and cooperation among the nations and peoples of Asia and the United States. ...

External links

Categories: United States Senators from Montana | Members of the United States House of Representatives from Montana | Ambassadors of the United States | Vietnam War people | United States Marines | United States Army soldiers | United States Navy sailors | American World War I veterans | Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients | Montana State University alumni | Irish-American politicians | Roman Catholic politicians | People from Montana | 1903 births | 2001 deaths The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all members of both houses of the United States Congress, past and present. ... Jeannette Rankin (June 11, 1880 â€“ May 18, 1973) was the first woman elected to the United States House of Representatives and the first female member of Congress. ... These are tables of congressional delegations from Montana to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. ... Lee Warren Metcalf was a Representative and a Senator from Montana; born in Stevensville, Montana January 28, 1911; graduated from Stanford University in 1936 and received a law degree from Montana State University Law School; admitted to the Montana bar in 1936 and commenced the practice of law; member, State... Zales Nelson Ecton (April 1, 1898 March 3, 1961) was an American politician. ... These are tables of congressional delegations from Montana to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. ... John Melcher (born September 6, 1924) is an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative and a U.S. Senator from Montana. ... Earle Chester Clements (October 22, 1896 - March 12, 1985) served as Governor of Kentucky and as a member of the United States Senate from Kentucky. ... The U.S. Senate Majority Whip is the second ranking member of the United States Senate. ... Hubert Horatio Humphrey, Jr. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 â€“ January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963â€“1969). ... The members of each of the two major parties in the United States Senate (Democratic and Republican) elects Floor Leaders who lead that partys members in the upper house of the United States Congress. ... The Senate Democratic Leader is the floor leader of the Democratic Party in the United States Senate. ... Robert Carlyle Byrd (born November 20, 1917 in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina), a Democrat, is West Virginias senior United States Senator. ... James D. Hodgson (born December 3, 1915, in Dawson, Minnesota) is an American politican. ... Since the opening of Japan by Commodore Matthew Perry in 1854, the United States has maintained diplomatic relations with Japan except for the 10 year period following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the subsequent declaration of war by the United States. ... Michael H. Armacost is a fellow at Stanford Universitys Institute for International Studies. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 â€“ June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981â€“1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967â€“1975). ... The Sylvanus Thayer Award is a military award that is given each year by the United States Military Academy at West Point. ... Paul Henry Nitze (January 16, 1907 - October 19, 2004) was a high-ranking United States government official who helped shape Cold War defense policy over the course of numerous presidential administrations. ... The Senate Majority Leader is a member of the United States Senate who is elected by the party conference which holds the majority in the Senate to serve as the chief Senate spokesman for his or her party and to manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the... Source: [1] File links The following pages link to this file: United States Senate Seal of the United States Senate Image:Bennie johnson. ... Charles Curtis (January 25, 1860 â€“ February 8, 1936) was a Representative and a Senator from Kansas as well as the 31st Vice President of the United States. ... James Eli Watson (November 2, 1864? â€“ July 29, 1948) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the state of Indiana. ... Joseph Taylor Robinson Joseph Taylor Robinson (August 26, 1872 - July 14, 1937) was a Democratic United States Senator, Senate Majority Leader, member of the United States House of Representatives, Governor of Arkansas, and U.S. Vice Presidential candidate. ... Alben William Barkley (November 24, 1877 â€“ April 30, 1956) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate from Kentucky, and the thirty-fifth Vice President of the United States. ... Wallace Humphrey White, Jr. ... Scott Wike Lucas (1892 - 1968) was a 2-term United States senator from Illinois and Senate Majority Leader from 1948-1950. ... Ernest William McFarland (1894 - 1984), an American politician and the Father of the G.I. Bill, is the only American to serve in the highest office in all three branches of government--two at the state level, one at the federal level. ... Robert A. Taft Robert Alphonso Taft (September 8, 1889 - July 31, 1953), of the Taft political family of Ohio, was a United States Senator and sought to be the Presidential candidate of the Republican Party in 1940 and 1952. ... William Fife Knowland (June 26, 1908 – February 23, 1974) was a U.S. politician and newpaperman. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 â€“ January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963â€“1969). ... Robert Carlyle Byrd (born November 20, 1917 in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina), a Democrat, is West Virginias senior United States Senator. ... Sen. ... Robert Joseph Bob Dole (born July 22, 1923) is best known as a former Republican presidential nominee in the 1996 presidential election, in which he was defeated by then-incumbent President Bill Clinton. ... Robert Carlyle Byrd (born November 20, 1917 in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina), a Democrat, is West Virginias senior United States Senator. ... George John Mitchell, GBE (born August 20, 1933 in Waterville, Maine) is Chairman of the Walt Disney Company. ... Robert Joseph Bob Dole (born July 22, 1923) is best known as a former Republican presidential nominee in the 1996 presidential election, in which he was defeated by then-incumbent President Bill Clinton. ... Chester Trent Lott (born October 9, 1941 in Grenada, Mississippi) is a United States Senator from Mississippi and a member of the Republican Party. ... Thomas Andrew Daschle (born December 9, 1947), known as Tom Daschle, was a U.S. Senator from South Dakota and the Senate Majority Leader. ... Chester Trent Lott (born October 9, 1941 in Grenada, Mississippi) is a United States Senator from Mississippi and a member of the Republican Party. ... Thomas Andrew Daschle (born December 9, 1947), known as Tom Daschle, was a U.S. Senator from South Dakota and the Senate Majority Leader. ... William Harrison Bill Frist, Sr. ... Harry Mason Reid (born December 2, 1939) is the senior United States Senator from Nevada and a member of the Democratic Party, for which he serves as Senate Minority Leader. ... Image File history File links USMC_logo. ...

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