Milan I, born Milan Obrenovich IV, (August 22, 1854 – February 11, 1901), was the king of Serbia from 1882 to 1889. August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Serbia and Montenegro  – Serbia    – Kosovo and Metohia        (UN administration)    – Vojvodina  – Montenegro Official language Serbian1 Capital Belgrade Area  – Total  – % water  88,361 km²  n/a Population  – Total (2002)     (without Kosovo)  – Density  7. ... 1882 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Early years

Milan Obrenović IV was born in exile in Manasija (Marasesci, Wallachia) during a period of Karađorđević rule in Serbia which began in 1842 with the deposition of Milan's cousin prince Michael. The son of Miloš (1829-1861) and Maria Katarđi from Moldavia. Milan's father Miloš was the son of Jevrem, the brother of the famous prince Miloš Obrenović. Milan was therefore prince Miloš's grand-nephew. At an early age Milan lost both his parents. He was subsequently adopted by his cousin, prince Michael. The house Obrenović(i) ruled Serbia from 1815-1842 and 1858-1903. ... Map of Romania with Wallachia in yellow. ... The Karađorđević Serbian ruling dynasty is descended from Karađorđe. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Michael of Serbia (1823–1868) was prince of Serbia from 1839-1842 and again from 1860-1868. ... Moldavia (Moldova in Romanian) was a Romanian principality, originally created in the Middle Ages, now divided between Romania, Moldovan Republic and Ukraine. ... Categories: Stub | Serbian history ...

After the expulsion of the Karađorđevićes in 1858, Michael Obrenović returned to Serbia. Michael became ruling prince of Serbia in 1861, when his father, Miloš, died. During the reign of Michael, young Milan was educated at the Lycée Louis le Grand in Paris. There he displayed considerable precocity. The Karađorđević Serbian ruling dynasty is descended from Karađorđe. ... 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris throughout the world. ...

In 1868, when Milan was only fourteen years of age, Michael Obrenovich was assassinated. Milan succeeded Michael to the throne under a regency. In 1872, Milan was declared of age, and he took government into his own hands. He soon manifested great intellectual power, coupled with a passionate headstrong character. Eugene Schuyler, who saw him about this time, found him a very remarkable, singularly intelligent and well-informed young man. Michael of Serbia (1823–1868) was prince of Serbia from 1839-1842 and again from 1860-1868. ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Milan carefully balanced the Austrian and Russian parties in Serbia, with a judicious leaning towards Austria-Hungary. At the end of the Turkish War in 1878, Prince Milan was enabled to induce the Porte to acknowledge his independence. Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Synonym of the government of the Ottoman Empire. ...

King Milan I

In 1882, he was proclaimed King of Serbia.

Acting under Austrian influence, King Milan devoted all his energies to the improvement of the means of communication and the development of natural resources. However, the cost of this, unduly increased by reckless extravagance, led to disproportionately heavy taxation. This, coupled with increased military service, rendered King Milan and the Austrian party unpopular.

Milan's political troubles were further increased by the defeat of the Serbians in the war against Bulgaria (1885-1886). In September 1885, the union of Rumelia and Bulgaria caused widespread agitation in Serbia. Milan precipitately declared war upon his kinsman Prince Alexander on the November 15th. After a short but decisive campaign, the Serbians were utterly routed at the battles of Slivinska and Pirot. Milan's throne was only saved by the direct intervention of Austria-Hungary. Domestic difficulties now arose which rapidly assumed a political significance. 1885 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1886 is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ... 1885 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Rumelia (or Roumelia) (in Turkish Rumeli, the East Roman or Byzantine Empire), a name commonly used, from the 15th century onwards, to denote the part of the Balkan Peninsula subject to the Ottoman Empire. ... November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 46 days remaining. ... Pirot (Пирот) is a city located in Serbia and Montenegro at 43. ... Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ...

In October 1875, King Milan had married Natalie, the sixteen-year old daughter of Peter Ivanovich Ketchko. Ketchko, a Moldavian Boyar, was a colonel in the Russian army. His wife, Pulcheria, was by birth Princess Sturdza. A son, Alexander, was born in 1876, but the king and queen showed signs of friction. Milan was anything but a faithful husband. Queen Natalie was greatly influenced by Russian sympathies. In 1886, the couple, ill-assorted both personally and politically, separated. 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Moldavia (Moldova in Romanian) was a Romanian principality, originally created in the Middle Ages, now divided between Romania, Moldovan Republic and Ukraine. ... 1876 is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1886 is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ...

Natalie withdrew from the kingdom, taking with her the ten-year old prince Alexander (the later King Alexander). While she was residing at Wiesbaden in 1888, King Milan succeeded in recovering the crown prince, whom he undertook to educate. In reply to the queen's remonstrances, Milan exerted considerable pressure upon the metropolitan, and procured a divorce, which was afterwards annulled as illegal. King Milan now seemed master of the situation. 1888 is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ...

On January 3rd, 1889, Milan promulgated a new constitution much more liberal than the existing one of 1869. Two months later (on March 6th), Milan suddenly abdicated in favour of his son. No satisfactory reason was assigned for this step. Milan settled in Paris as a private individual. January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ...

King Alexander

In February 1891, a Radical ministry was formed. Queen Natalie and the ex-metropolitan Michael returned to Belgrade, and Austrian influence began to give way to Russian. Fear of a revolution and of King Milan's return led to a compromise, by which in May 1891 the queen was expelled, and Milan was allowed a million francs from the civil list, on condition of not returning to Serbia during his son's minority. 1891 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1891 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

In March 1892, Milan renounced all his rights and even his Serbian nationality. The situation altered, however, after the young King Alexander had effected his coup d'etat and taken government into his own hands, in April 1893. Serbian politics began to grow more complicated, and Russian intrigue was rife. In January 1894, Milan suddenly appeared in Belgrade, and his son gladly availed himself of his experience and advice. 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1893 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

On April 29th, a royal decree reinstated Milan and Natalie, who in the meantime had become ostensibly reconciled, in their position as members of the royal family. On May 21st, the constitution of 1869 was restored, and Milan continued to exercise considerable influence over his son. The queen, who had been residing chiefly at Biarritz, returned to Belgrade in May 1895, after four years of absence, and was greeted by the populace with great enthusiasm. April 29 is the 119th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (120th in leap years). ... May 21 is the 141st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (142nd in leap years). ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Biarritz is a town and commune which lies on the Bay of Biscay, on south-west coast of France. ... 1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1897, Milan was appointed commander-in-chief of the Serbian army. In this capacity he did some of the best work of his life, and his success in improving the Serbian military system was very marked. His relations with the young king also remained good, and for a time it seemed as though all Russian intrigues were being checked. The good relations between father and son were interrupted, however, by the latter's marriage in July 1900. Milan violently opposed the match, and resigned his post as commander-in-chief. Alexander subsequently banished Milan from Serbia and threw himself into the arms of Russia. Milan retired to Vienna. 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1900 is a common year starting on Monday. ... Vienna (German: Wien [viːn]) is the capital of Austria, and also one of Austrias nine federal states (Bundesland Wien). ...

On February 11, 1901, Milan unexpectedly died. Milan was an able, though headstrong man. In considering Milan's relations with his young son, it must be remembered that in the dynastic and political conditions of contemporary Serbia, natural feeling in Milan was inevitably subordinate to other considerations. February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

References

• This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.