History of Hungary
Ancient Hungary
Pannonia
Hungary before the Magyars
The Middle Ages
Kingdom of Hungary in the Middle Ages
Modern Times
Ottoman Hungary
Royal Hungary
18th and 19th century (up to early 1919)
Hungarian Soviet Republic
Between the Two World Wars
Communist Hungary
People's Republic of Hungary
Hungarian Revolution of 1956
Modern Hungary
Republic of Hungary
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The military history of Hungary includes battles fought in the Carpathian Basin, nations occupying Hungary, and the military history of the Hungarian people regardless of geography. See also the history of Europe, the history of present-day nations and states, Hungary before the Magyars, and Hungary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ... This article discusses the known pre-history and early history of the area corresponding to modern day Hungary, and the peoples associated with this area. ... This article deals with the history of the Kingdom of Hungary from the 10th century to c. ... This article refers to the Turkish-Ottoman age of todays Hungary (1526 - 1699). ... Consequences of the Battle of Mohács, and the conquest of Buda in 1541 by the Ottomans: the Kingdom is partitioned. ... This article describes the history of Hungary between the 18th century and the early 20th century (1699 - 1919). ... The Hungarian Soviet Republic was the political regime in Hungary from March 21, 1919 until the beginning of August of the same year, and it is the second Communist (or soviet) government in world history, after the one in Russia (1917). ... This article deals with the history of Hungary from March 1919 to May 1945. ... The Peoples Republic of Hungary was the name used by Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period. ... Combatants Soviet Union; ÁVH (Hungarian State Security Police) Ad hoc local Hungarian militias Commanders Ivan Konev Various independent militia leaders Strength 150,000 troops, 6,000 tanks Unknown number of militia and soldiers Casualties 722 killed, 1,251 wounded[1] 2,500 killed 13,000 wounded[2] The Hungarian Revolution... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Hungary, due to its geographical position in the Carpathian Basin, one of the most fertile lands in Europe, was a common target of larger, more powerful nations such as Austria and the Ottoman Empire. The Magyar peoples, once conquered, did not take the loss of their nation lightly. In the period of its existence, Hungary has many historically-documented rebellions, including the Bobâlna revolt in 1437 and The 1514 peasant rebellion, which was led by György Dózsa. The Pannonian plain is a large plain in central/south-eastern Europe that remained when the Pliocene Pannonian Sea (see below) dried out. ... Motto: دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem: Ottoman imperial anthem At the height of its power (1683) Capital Söğüt (1299-1326) Bursa (1326-1365) Edirne (1365-1453) Constantinople (Istanbul) (1453-1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 Osman I  - 1918–1922 Mehmed VI... The Bobâlna revolt of 1437 was the only significant popular revolt in the Kingdom of Hungary prior to the great peasant war of 1514. ... // Events foundation of All Souls College, University of Oxford. ... 1514 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... In a detail of Brueghels Land of Cockaigne (1567) a soft-boiled egg has little feet to rush to the luxuriating peasant who catches drops of honey on his tongue, while roast pigs roam wild: in fact, hunger and harsh winters were realities for the average European in the... Dózsas execution György Dózsa (-Hungarian, Romanian: Gheorghe Doja) (died 1514) was a Szekler squire (by some accounts a nobleman) from Transylvania who led a so-called peasants revolt against the Hungarian landed nobility. ...

• Kuruc Rebellion in 1678 and 1703
• 1848 Revolution

The Hungarians settled the Carpathian Basin in 895, after a somewhat unsuccessful war drove the Bulgars partially out of it. Led by Árpád, he would go on to lead a dynasty officialy lasting until 1301, though the Drummond and House of Croÿ claim descent. The kuruc (Hungarian: kuruczok/kurucok [sg. ... Events August 10 - Treaty of Nijmegen ends the Dutch War. ... In 1848, the Austrian Empire under the Habsburgs was confronted with the combined effect of economic, social class, and national conflicts. ... Events Bohemia breaks away from Great Moravia Arnulf of Carinthia undertakes his second Italian campaign Approximate date of composition of the Musica enchiriadis, the beginnings of western polyphonic music Births Athelstan of England Erik Bloodaxe, king of Norway 933-935 (+954) Deaths Categories: 895 ... For the people of Central Asia see Bulgars Bulgar language is an extinct language commonly considered Turkic but more recently Indo-Iranian Bulgar, or bulgarish is Yiddish word for Romanian dance bugarească (means Bulgarian cf. ... Árpád (c. ... Clan Drummond Crest: Vitutem coronat honos (Honour crowns vitue) Clan Drummond is a Scottish clan deriving its name from the parish of Drymen, in what was western Stirlingshire. ... Arms of Philippe I de Croÿ, detail of Rogiers diptych (ca. ...

For more information on Árpád's dynasty, see Árpád dynasty

After the Battle of Mohács, Kingdom of Hungary fell apart. The southern part, as a result of Ottoman conquest, was annexed by the Ottoman Empire. The eastern region broke off from Hungary, and became a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. Hapsburg Austria claimed a section, known then as Royal Hungary.

The Magyars continued to raid adjecent countries for many years, until forces of Eastern Francia led by Otto I defeated them at Lechfeld. Before their decisive defeat, the Hungarians demonstrated a use of siege weapons, including a battering ram at the Seige of Ausburg. Years later, the Hungarians took up arms against Croatia, and won a bloody victory at Gvozd Mountain. Forcing personal union, King Coloman of Hungary was crowned as king of Croatia in 1102. The two states were united until 1918. The Arpads or Árpáds (Hungarian: Árpádok, Slovak: Arpádovci, Croatian: Arpadovići) was a dynasty ruling in historic Hungary from the late 9th century to 1301 (with some interruptions, e. ... Image File history File links Partition_of_Hungary. ... Image File history File links Partition_of_Hungary. ... // Combatants Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Hungary Commanders Suleiman I Louis II of Hungary † Pál Tomori † György Zápolya Strength ~ 100,000 supported by 10,000 to 20,000 irregulars 160 to 300 cannons ~ 25,000 to 28,000 53 cannons (85 initial) John Zápolyas 8,000... A puppet state is a state whose government, though notionally of the same culture as the governed people - owes its existence (or other major debt) to being installed, supported or controlled by a more powerful entity, typically a foreign power. ... East Francia was the land of Louis the German after the Treaty of Verdun of 843, which divided the Carolingian Empire of the Franks. ... Combatants Holy Roman Empire Magyars Commanders Otto the Great harka Bulcsú; chieftains Lél and Súr Strength 10,000 heavy cavalry 50,000 light cavalry Casualties about 3,500 about 30,000 fell in the battle about 5,000 killed by local farmers maybe 5,000 fleeing Magyars killed... Replica battering ram at Ch teau des Baux, France A battering ram is a weapon used from ancient times. ... The Battle of Gvozd Mountain took place in the year 1097 and was fought on Petrova gora (Peters Mountain) in central Croatia, between the army of Croatian king Petar Svačić and King Coloman I of Hungary. ... A personal union is a relationship of two or more entities that are considered separate, sovereign states, which, through established law, share the same person as their respective head of state. ... Coloman (Hungarian: Könyves Kálmán, Slovak and Croatian: Koloman) (1070 – February 3, 1116) was King of Hungary from 1095 to 1116. ... Events Valencia is captured by the Almoravids. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ...

Seige of Augsburg, 955. The draw here would culminate at the Battle of Lechfeld, a disasterous defeat for the Hungarians.

Image File history File links Augsburg955. ... Image File history File links Augsburg955. ... Combatants East Francia Magyars Commanders Otto the Great harka Bulcsú; chieftains Lél and Súr Strength 10,000 heavy cavalry 50,000 light cavalry Casualties about 3,500 about 30,000 fell in the battle about 5,000 killed by local farmers maybe 5,000 fleeing Magyars killed by...

Notable Battles

• 894-904: Magyar-Bulgar War
  • 895: Magyar-Bulgar-Byzantine conflict; occupation of the Carpathian Basin
• Magyar Incursions into the Holy Roman Empire
  • 907: Battle of Pressburg
  • 955: Battle of Lechfeld
• 1091-1097: Croat-Hungarian War
  • 1097: Battle of Gvozd Mountain
• Komnenian restoration (1167)
  • 1167: Battle of Sirmium
• Mongolian Occupation (1241-1242)
  • 1241: Battle of Mohi
• Hungarian-Wallachian Wars (1325-1330)
• 1330: Battle of Posada
• Intermittent border war with the Ottoman Empire (1396-1479)
• 1396: Battle of Nicopolis
• 1444: Battle of Varna
• 1444: Battle of Jalowaz
• 1448: Battle of Kosovo
• 1456: Battle of Belgrade
• 1479: Battle of Kenyérmező
• Hungarian-Moldovian War ()
  • 1467: Battle of Baia
• Ottoman-Hungarian War (1521-1526; 1541)
  • 1521: Battle of Belgrade
  • 1526: Battle of Mohács
  • 1541: Battle of Buda

Births Deaths Events Northumbrians and East Angles swear allegiance to Alfred the Great. ... Events Accession of Sergius III Destruction of Changan, the capital of Tang Dynasty and the largest city in the ancient world. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Events Bohemia breaks away from Great Moravia Arnulf of Carinthia undertakes his second Italian campaign Approximate date of composition of the Musica enchiriadis, the beginnings of western polyphonic music Births Athelstan of England Erik Bloodaxe, king of Norway 933-935 (+954) Deaths Categories: 895 ... The Holy Roman Empire and from the 16th century on also The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation was a political conglomeration of lands in Central Europe in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. ... Events Oleg leads Kievan Rus in a campaign against Constantinople Yelü Abaoji establishes Liao (Khitan) dynasty Births Deaths Categories: 907 ... Events August 10 - Otto I the Great defeats Magyars in the Battle of Lechfeld Edwy becomes King of England. ... Combatants East Francia Magyars Commanders Otto the Great harka Bulcsú; chieftains Lél and Súr Strength 10,000 heavy cavalry 50,000 light cavalry Casualties about 3,500 about 30,000 fell in the battle about 5,000 killed by local farmers maybe 5,000 fleeing Magyars killed by... Events Henry, son of William I attempted a coup against his brothers but failed to seize the English throne. ... Events Edgar I deposes Donald III to become king of Scotland. ... Events Edgar I deposes Donald III to become king of Scotland. ... The Battle of Gvozd Mountain took place in the year 1097 and was fought on Petrova gora (Peters Mountain) in central Croatia, between the army of Croatian king Petar Svačić and King Coloman I of Hungary. ... The Komnenian restoration is the term used by Byzantinists to describe the military, financial and territorial recovery of the Byzantine Empire under the Komnenian dynasty, from the accession of Alexios I Komnenos in 1081, to the death of Manuel I Komnenos in 1180. ... Events Taira no Kiyomori becomes the first samurai to be appointed Daijo Daijin, chief minister of the government of Japan Peter of Blois becomes the tutor of William II of Sicily Absalon, archbishop of Denmark, leads the first Danish synod at Lund Absalon fortifies Copenhagen William Marshal, the greatest knight... Combatants Byzantines, supported by Cuman, Italian and Serbian units Hungarians Commanders Andronikos Kontostephanos Unknown Strength Unknown, perhaps 25,000 - 40,000 Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown, likely quite heavy The Battle of Sirmium was fought on July 8, 1167 between the Byzantine Empire, (also known as Eastern Roman), and the Kingdom... Events April 5 - Mongols of Golden Horde under the command of Subotai defeat feudal Polish nobility, including Knights Templar, in the battle of Liegnitz April 27 - Mongols defeat Bela IV of Hungary in the battle of Sajo. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Events The Bulgars under Michael III are beaten by the Serbs at Velbuzhd, and large parts of Bulgaria fall to Serbia. ... Combatants Kingdom of Hungary Wallachia Commanders Charles I Robert Basarab I Strength 30,000 possibly 10,000 Casualties Almost all killed minimum The Battle of Posada (November, 1330) was a battle between the Wallachian Prince Basarab I and Charles I Robert, which resulted in a major Wallachian victory. ... Events September 25 - Bayazid I defeats Sigismund of Hungary and John of Nevers at the Battle of Nicopolis. ... Events January 20 - Ferdinand II ascends the throne of Aragon and rules together with his wife Isabella, queen of Castile over most of the Iberian peninsula. ... Events September 25 - Bayazid I defeats Sigismund of Hungary and John of Nevers at the Battle of Nicopolis. ... Combatants Ottoman Empire France, Hungary Commanders Bayezid I Sigismund of Hungary, John of Nevers Strength About 100,000 About 100,000 Casualties About 35,000 About 20,000 The Battle of Nicopolis (modern Nikopol, Bulgaria) took place on September 25, 1396, between a French-Hungarian alliance and the Ottoman Empire. ... Events March 2 - Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg proclaimed commander of the Albanian resistance April 16 - Truce of Tours. ... // See also Siege of Varna Combatants Hungary, Poland and others Ottoman Empire Commanders WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw III of Poland† Janos Hunyadi Murad II Strength ~ 20,000 - 30,000 ~ 60,000 (possibly up to 100,000?) Casualties 11,000 8,000 The Battle of Varna took place on November 10, 1444... Events March 2 - Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg proclaimed commander of the Albanian resistance April 16 - Truce of Tours. ... Events January 5/ 6 - Christopher of Bavaria, King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden dies with no designated heir leaving all three kingdoms with vacant thrones. ... In the second Battle of Kosovo (rigómezei csata in Hungarian) in 1448, the Hungarian Catholic coalition under John Hunyadi was defeated by the Ottoman Turkish-led coalition under Murad II. The battle was fought between October 7th and 10th in the Kosovo Field (Kosovo Polje). ... // Events July 7 - Joan of Arc acquitted (but she had already been executed). ... This article is about the 1456 siege of Nándorfehérvár or Belgrade, but the fort was also besieged in 1718 and in 1788. ... Events January 20 - Ferdinand II ascends the throne of Aragon and rules together with his wife Isabella, queen of Castile over most of the Iberian peninsula. ... Combatants Kingdom of Hungary Ottoman Empire, Wallachia as a vassal Commanders Voivod Báthori, count Pál Kinizsi, despot Vuk Brankovics Ali bey, Hassan bey, oglu-Isa bey Strength 10,000-15,000 15,000-25,000 plus cannons Casualties 3,000 10,000 The Battle of Câmpia P... Events October 29 - Battle of Brusthem: Charles the Bold defeats Liege Beginning of the Sengoku Period in Japan. ... The Battle of Baia was an important battle in the history of medieval Romania. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem. ... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... Events The first official translation of the entire Bible in Swedish February 12 - Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago de Chile. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem. ... This article is about the 1456 siege of Nándorfehérvár or Belgrade, but the fort was also besieged in 1718 and in 1788. ... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... // Combatants Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Hungary Commanders Suleiman I Louis II of Hungary † Pál Tomori † György Zápolya Strength ~ 100,000 supported by 10,000 to 20,000 irregulars 160 to 300 cannons ~ 25,000 to 28,000 53 cannons (85 initial) John Zápolyas 8,000... Events The first official translation of the entire Bible in Swedish February 12 - Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago de Chile. ...

Royal Hungary (1526-1683)

• Hapsburg-Ottoman War (1566-1588, 1592-1606, 1663-1664)
  • 1566: Battle of Szigetvár
  • 1588: Battle of Szikszó
  • 1599: Battle of Şelimbăr
  • 1600: Battle of Mirăslău
  • 1664: Battle of Saint Gotthard
• Great Turkish War (1667-1699)
  • 1683: Battle of Vienna
  • 1687: Battle of Mohács (1687)
  • 1697: Battle of Zenta
• Second Haspburg-Ottoman War (1716-1718)
  • 1716: Battle of Petrovaradin
• 1848 Revolution
  • 1848: Battle of Mór
  • 1848: Battle of Pákozd
  • 1849: Battle of Kápolna
  • 1849: Battle of Segesvár
  • 1849: Battle of Temesvár

Consequences of the Battle of Mohács, and the conquest of Buda in 1541 by the Ottomans: the Kingdom is partitioned. ... Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ... The Battle of Siget (hung. ... 1588 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... Combatants Kingdom of Hungary Ottoman Empire Commanders Sigismund Rakoczi, Homonnai Drugeth István Kara Ali bey , Mustafa bey Strength 2,500 12,000[citation needed] plus cannons Casualties 200-300 1,700 The Battle of Szikszó was fought in October 1588 between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Ottoman Empire... Events The Jesuit educational plan known as the Ratio Studiorum is issued (January 8). ... The Battle of Åželimbăr (Hungarian: Sellenberk; German: Schellenberg) was one of the great events in medieval Romanian history. ... 1597 1598 1599 - 1600 - 1601 1602 1603 |- | align=center colspan=2 | Decades: 1570s 1580s 1590s - 1600s - 1610s 1620s 1630s |- | align=center | Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century |} // Events January January 1 - Scotland adopts January 1st as being New Years Day February February 17 - Giordano Bruno burned at the... The Battle of Mirăslău was a turning point in the history of medieval Romania. ... Events March 12 - New Jersey becomes a colony of England. ... // Combatants Austria Holy Roman Empire League of the Rhine France Ottoman Empire Commanders Raimondo Montecuccoli Leopold Wilhelm of Baden-Baden Count Coligny Ahmed Köprülü Strength ~ 25,000, including Imperial and French troops ~ 60,000 Casualties Minimal Significant The Battle of Saint Gotthard (Hungarian: ) was fought on August 1... The Great Turkish War was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and European powers at the time (joined into a Holy League) during the second half of the 17th century. ... Events June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the worlds first university museum. ... Combatants Holy League: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Austria, Saxony, Franconia, Swabia, Bavaria Ottoman Empire, Khanate of Crimea, Central Hungary, Transylvania, Wallachia, Moldavia Commanders John III Sobieski, Charles V of Lorraine Kara Mustafa Pasha Strength 70,000, (10,000 during siege) 138,000, (200,000 during siege) Casualties 4,000 killed 15... Events March 19 - The men under explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle murder him while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Events September 11 - Battle of Zenta, Prince Eugene of Savoy crushed Ottoman army of Mustafa II September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 – St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher... Combatants Austria Ottoman Empire Commanders Prince Eugene of Savoy Sultan Mustafa II Strength 34,000 foot soldiers, 16,000 cavalry solders, and 60 guns above 80,000 Casualties 500 30,000 The Battle of Zenta was a decisive victory for Austrian forces in the Great Turkish War (1683–1699). ... // Events August 5 - In the Battle of Peterwardein 40. ... Combatants Austria Ottoman Empire Commanders Prince Eugene of Savoy Damad Ali † Strength cca 90,000 120,000-190,000 Casualties 5,000 10,000-30,000 The Battle of Petrovaradin was a decisive victory for Austrian forces in the war between Austria and the Ottoman Empire (1716–1718), at Petrovaradin... In 1848, the Austrian Empire under the Habsburgs was confronted with the combined effect of economic, social class, and national conflicts. ... 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants Austria Hungarian insurgents Commanders Alfred, Prince Windisch-Graetz Mór Perczel Strength Casualties The Battle of Mór was fought on December 30, 1848, between Austria and Hungarian insurgents. ... 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Battle of Pákozd happened on September 29, 1848 during the Revolution of 1848, near Pákozd in central Hungary. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Battle of Kápolna was fought on February 26 and February 27 of 1849 between Austria and Hungary. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Battle of Segesvár took place on July 31, 1849 between forces of Hungarian Transylvanian Army under command of general Józef Bem and Russian V corps under Russian general Luders and Austrian intervention group under general Dick. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants Austria Hungarian insurgents Commanders Julius Jacob von Haynau Artúr Görgey Strength Casualties The Battle of Temesvár was fought on August 9, 1849 between Austria and Hungarian insurgents. ...

References

• Bohn, H.G. (1854). Hungary and Its Revolutions from the Earliest Period to the Nineteenth Century. ASIN B000H48F74.

Further Reading

• Miklós, Molnár, Anna Magyar (2001). A Consise History of Hungary. Cambridge: Cambridge Universtiy Press, pp. 1-138. ISBN 0-52-166736-4.
• Szemere, Bertalan (1860). Image:Hungary_from_1848_to_1860.pdf. Cambridge: R. Bentley, pp. 1-269. ISBN 0-52-166736-4.
  • Image:Hungary from 1848 to 1860.pdf
• Lendvai, Paul, Jeferson Decker (2003). The Hungarians: A Thousand Years of Victory in Defeat. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, pp. 1-664. ISBN 0691114064.