Mindaugas King of Lithuania

Mindaugas monument in Vilnius

Mindaugas (approximate English transcription [ˈmın.dəʊ.gʌs], simplified Lithuanian transcription [mindaŭgas]; also known as Ruthenian: Миндовгъ (Mindowh), Belarusian: Міндо́ўг (Mindoŭh), Polish: Mindowe, Mendog) (c.1203 - 12 September 1263) ruled Lithuania as grand duke (Lithuanian: "didysis kunigaikštis", Belarusian: "вялікі князь") from c. 1236 and as king ("karalius", "кароль") from 1253. Painting by J. Malinauskaite File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Painting by J. Malinauskaite File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 1910 KB) Summary en: Mindaugas monument in Vilnius, Lithuania pl: Pomnik Mendoga przed arsenaÅ‚em w Wilnie Author: Wojsyl, 2005 Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Mindaugas ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 1910 KB) Summary en: Mindaugas monument in Vilnius, Lithuania pl: Pomnik Mendoga przed arsenaÅ‚em w Wilnie Author: Wojsyl, 2005 Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Mindaugas ... Location Ethnographic region DzÅ«kija County Vilnius County Municipality Vilnius city municipality Elderate Number of elderates 20 Coordinates General information Capital of Lithuania Vilnius County Vilnius city municipality Vilnius district municipality Population (rank) 540,318 in 2005 (1st) First mentioned 1323 Granted city rights 1387 Vilnius ( (help· info), Belarusian: , Polish... Symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet as used for English. ... This page is used to describe the simplified system of Lithuanian phonetic transcription (in wikipedia). ... Ruthenian was a historic East Slavic language, spoken in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and after 1569 in the East Slavic territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. ... Events April 16 - Philip II of France enters Rouen, leading to the eventual unification of Normandy and France. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... Events Detmold, Germany was founded. ... The title of Grand Duke (Latin, Magnus Dux; German, Großherzog, Russian, Великий князь) used in Slavic, Baltic, and Germanic countries, is ranked in honour below King but higher than a sovereign Duke (Herzog) or Prince (Fürst). ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... // Events May 6 - Roger of Wendover, Benedictine monk and chronicler of St Albanss Abbey dies. ... Look up monarch in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Early Lithuanian rulers held the title of didysis kunigaikštis (did-ee-sis kunigaik-sh-tis) (literally great duke), which was equivalent to either grand duke or king. High nobles hold a title of kunigaikštis (duke). ... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ...

A man of strong character amongst five established grand dukes he was able to win personal power in Lithuania and turned his sight to the Ruthenian lands, where he conquered vast areas. On July 6, 1253 Mindaugas was crowned King of Lithuania. There are only a few probable locations for his coronation: Vilnius, legendary Voruta (Mindaugas stayed here during the civil war in 1251, but its location is still unknown) or Trakai (Old Trakai). It is only known that Mindaugas and his wife Morta were crowned by the order of Pope Innocent IV, and that for this occasion a Catholic church was built. Location Ethnographic region Dzūkija County Vilnius County Municipality Vilnius city municipality Elderate Number of elderates 20 Coordinates General information Capital of Lithuania Vilnius County Vilnius city municipality Vilnius district municipality Population (rank) 540,318 in 2005 (1st) First mentioned 1323 Granted city rights 1387 Vilnius ( (help· info), Belarusian: , Polish... Voruta may have been a capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania established in the time of king Mindaugas in the 13th century. ... The castle in Trakai was recently rebuilt to a fanciful design. ... The presumable banner of Lithuania Morta (baptized ca 1252 by the bishop of Kulm) was the Queen of Lithuania 1254 - 1258 (or 1253 - 1262), and the Grand Princess of Lithuania 1246 - 1254. ... Innocent IV, born Sinibaldo de Fieschi (Genoa, 1180/90 – Naples, December 7, 1254), Pope from 1243 to 1254, belonged to the feudal nobility of Liguria, the Fieschi, counts of Lavagna. ...

Mindaugas was originally a pagan (as were most of the Balts), but circa 1252 with his wife Morta he was baptized by the bishop of Kulm (now Chełmno) in the presence of the Master of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword. A member of the Order named Christian was consecrated as the first bishop of Lithuania. The Baltic Sea The Balts or Baltic peoples (Latvian: balti, Lithuanian: baltai), defined as speakers of one of the Baltic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family, are descended from a group of Indo-European tribes who settled the area between lower Vistula and upper Dvina and Dneper. ... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ... A bishop is an ordained member of the Christian clergy who, in certain Christian churches, holds a position of authority. ... The name Kulm may be used as follows. ... CheÅ‚mno (-Polish, German: Kulm) is a town in northern Poland with 22,000 inhabitants (1995) and the historical capital of CheÅ‚mno Land. ... Livonian Brothers The Livonian Brothers of the Sword (Latin Fratres militiae Christi, literally the brothers of the army of Christ), also known as the Christ Knights, Sword Brethren or The Militia of Christ of Livonia, was a military order organized in 1202 by Albert of Buxhoeveden, bishop of Riga (or... To consecrate an inaminate object is to dedicate it in a ritual to a special purpose, usually religious. ...

This raised opposition among some of the Balts tribes, and there was some resistance. Because of this struggle for power, still-strong roots in Baltic paganism, and his people's disbelief in the conversion to Christianity, after his defeat in the Kuršiai Uprising of 1260, for along time there was a belief that Mindaugas had renounced Christianity in 1262. There is however, no valid proof of this supposed renounciation. On September 12th of 1263, Mindaugas was killed (with his 2 younger sons) by his nephews Treniota and Daumantas (the latter was duke of Nalšia). Under the usurper Treniota, a person of strong pagan beliefs, the country relapsed into paganism until the re-conversion in 1386 by Grand Duke Jogaila. The Baltic Sea The Balts or Baltic peoples (Latvian: balti, Lithuanian: baltai), defined as speakers of one of the Baltic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family, are descended from a group of Indo-European tribes who settled the area between lower Vistula and upper Dvina and Dneper. ... Religious conversion is the adoption of new religious beliefs that differ from the converts previous beliefs; in some cultures (e. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan Emperor Kameyama ascends to the throne of Japan September 3 - Mongols defeated by Mameluks at Battle of Ain Jalut Samogatians and Curonians defeats Teutonic knights in Battle of Durbe Births Maximus Planudes, Byzantine grammarian and theologian Deaths Monarchs/Presidents... Events Strasbourg becomes a Free City of the Holy Roman Empire First Visconti become the lord of Iceland swear fealty to the king of Norway, bringing an end to the Icelandic Commonwealth Births Ladislaus IV of Hungary Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... Events Detmold, Germany was founded. ... This article is about the domestic group. ... Grand Duchy of Lithuania Treniota (Troniata) was the Grand Prince of Lithuania from 1263 to 1264, Prince of Black Ruthenia. ... Grand Duchy of Lithuania Daumantas (Belarussian Dowmont); ? – 1285) was the Grand Prince of Lithuania 1281 – 1285, Prince of Utena, Pskow 1265 – 1285, and Polock 1281 – 1285. ... Grand Duchy of Lithuania Treniota (Troniata) was the Grand Prince of Lithuania from 1263 to 1264, Prince of Black Ruthenia. ... Paganism (from Latin paganus) and heathenry are blanket terms which have come to connote a broad set of spiritual or religious beliefs and practices of natural or polytheistic religions, as opposed to the Abrahamic monotheistic religions. ... Events Battle of Sempach: Swiss safeguard independence from Habsburg rule End of reign of Poland by Capet-Anjou family. ... The presumable banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the coat of arms, called Пагоня in Belarusian, Vytis in Lithuanian and Pogoń in Polish Another version of the Lithuanian banner The Grand Duchy of Lithuania ( Lithuanian: Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė, Belarusian: Вялі́кае Кня́ства Літо́ўскае (ВКЛ), Ukrainian: Велике Князівство Литовське (ВКЛ... ...

Only with Gediminas, Grand Duke from 1316, did Lithuania's revival as a European power began. While most of the Lithuanian Grand Dukes from Jogaila onward reigned also as Kings of Poland, their titles remained separate, and Mindaugas was the only King of Lithuania, recognized as such by Western European rulers. Gediminas, duke of Lithuania - engraving of XVII ct. ... Events Pope John XXII elected to the papacy. ...

Spouses

1. Name unknown, mother of Vaisvilkas; died before 1253
2. Morta, baptized c. 1252 by the bishop of Kulm, mother of Gerstutis, Ruplys and Rupeikis; died 1262
3. Sister of Morta, wife of Daumantas. Mindaugas took her from Daumantas after Morta's death.

The presumable banner of Lithuania VaiÅ¡vilkas (WoyszwiÅ‚k, Vojszalak, VojÅ¡alk, VaiÅ¡elga, Vaishyalga, VaiÅ¡algas, Rymont Lawrasz, Rimond Laurent; +killed 9 December 1268 Vladimir) was the Prince of Black Ruthenia 1239 - 1254, and the Grand Duke of Lithuania 1254, 1258 – 1263. ... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ... The presumable banner of Lithuania Morta (baptized ca 1252 by the bishop of Kulm) was the Queen of Lithuania 1254 - 1258 (or 1253 - 1262), and the Grand Princess of Lithuania 1246 - 1254. ... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ... Chełmno is a town in northern Poland with 22,000 inhabitants (1995) and the historical capitol of Chelmno Land also known as Kulmland. ... Events Strasbourg becomes a Free City of the Holy Roman Empire First Visconti become the lord of Iceland swear fealty to the king of Norway, bringing an end to the Icelandic Commonwealth Births Ladislaus IV of Hungary Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona... Grand Duchy of Lithuania Daumantas (Belarussian Dowmont); ? – 1285) was the Grand Prince of Lithuania 1281 – 1285, Prince of Utena, Pskow 1265 – 1285, and Polock 1281 – 1285. ...

Brother

Dowsprunk (? - 1213 near Lielvarde), Grand Duke of Lithuania ? - 1213 The presumable banner of Lithuania Dowsprunk (? - 1213 near Lielvarde) was the Grand Prince of Lithuania ? - 1213. ... A question mark is a punctuation mark. ... Events September 12 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. ... Lielvārde (German: Lennewarden), population 6328, is a town and rural district in Vidzeme, Latvia, on the right bank of the Daugava river, 52 km southeast of Riga. ... Events September 12 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. ...

Son

Vaišvilkas (Woyszwiłk, Vojszalak, Vojšalk, Vaišelga, Vaishyalga, Vaišalgas, Rymont Lawrasz, Rimond Laurent; killed on 9 December 1268 Vladimir), Prince of Black Ruthenia 1239 - 1254, Grand Duke of Lithuania 1254, 1258 – 1263 The presumable banner of Lithuania VaiÅ¡vilkas (WoyszwiÅ‚k, Vojszalak, VojÅ¡alk, VaiÅ¡elga, Vaishyalga, VaiÅ¡algas, Rymont Lawrasz, Rimond Laurent; +killed 9 December 1268 Vladimir) was the Prince of Black Ruthenia 1239 - 1254, and the Grand Duke of Lithuania 1254, 1258 – 1263. ... December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. ... Population 315,954 (2002) Time zone Moscow (MSK/MSD), UTC +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD) Latitude/Longitude 56°09´N 40°25´E Vladimir (Russian: ) is a city in Russia, an administrative center of Vladimir Oblast. ... The term prince (the female form is princess), from the Latin root princeps, when used for a member of the highest aristocracy, has several fundamentally different meanings - one generic, and several types of titles. ... Black Ruthenia (or Black Rus, Чēрная Русь in Russian, RuÅ› Czarna in Polish) is conventional, rather even artificial name of the territory of the 13th-14th centuries in the western half of contemporary Belarus on the upper reaches of the Neman River. ... // Events Births June 17 - King Edward I of England (died 1307) December 17 - Kujo Yoritsugu, Japanese shogun (died 1256) Peter III of Aragon (died 1285) John II, Duke of Brittany (died 1305) Ippen, Japanese monk (died 1289) Deaths March 3 - Vladimir III Rurikovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (born 1187) March... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ... The presumable banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the coat of arms, called Пагоня in Belarusian, Vytis in Lithuanian and Pogoń in Polish Another version of the Lithuanian banner The Grand Duchy of Lithuania ( Lithuanian: Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė, Belarusian: Вялі́кае Кня́ства Літо́ўскае (ВКЛ), Ukrainian: Велике Князівство Литовське (ВКЛ... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ... Events Detmold, Germany was founded. ...

Daughter

Mindowhowna (1201 - 1264), married King Švarn of Halych-Volhynia in 1255 Kingdom of Galicia Grand Duchy of Lithuania Mindowhowna (1201 - 1264) was the Queen of Galicia 1255 - 1264, Grand Princess of Lithuania 1264, Princess of CheÅ‚m 1264. ... // Events The town of Riga was chartered as a city. ... Events May 12 - The Battle of Lewes begins (ends May 14). ... Kingdom of Galicia Grand Duchy of Lithuania Švarn the Lightning (Shvarno, Švarnas, Ioann; +1269, bur. ... Halych-Volhynia, or Halych-Volodymyr, was a large state in Ruthenia (Rus ) which existed in the 13th and 14th centuries. ... Events Königsberg was founded Births Emperor Albert I of Germany, in July Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Categories: 1255 ...

See also

• List of Belarusian rulers
• List of Lithuanian rulers
• Mindaugas II of Lithuania
• Early dukes of Lithuania

History of Belarusian states can be traced far to Principality of Polatsk. ... The following is a list of Lithuanian rulers - kings, grand dukes, governors and presidents of Lithuania or administrative units, that encompassed the territory of Lithuania during the periods of occupations. ... Mindaugas II of Lithuania (3 March 1864, Monaco - 24 March 1928, Rapallo, Italy) was a King-elect in 1918. ... EARLY DUKES OF LITHUANIA Mithological tadicion give us a names of Lithuanian dukes from legendary Palemon (I c. ...

External links

• Pages and Forums on the Lithuanian History