City of Minneapolis
Downtown seen from the North Loop
Flag Seal
Nickname: City of Lakes, Mill City
Motto: En Avant (French: 'Forward')
Location in Hennepin County and the state of Minnesota
Coordinates: 44°58′48.36″N 93°15′6.72″W / 44.9801, -93.2518667
Country	United States
State	Minnesota
County	Hennepin
Government
- Mayor	R.T. Rybak (DFL)
Area
- City	58.4 sq mi (151.3 km²)
- Land	54.9 sq mi (142.2 km²)
- Water	3.5 sq mi (9.1 km²)
Elevation	830 ft (264 m)
Population (2006)[1] [2]
- City	387,970
- Density	7,067/sq mi (2,728/km²)
- Metro	3,502,891
Time zone	CST (UTC-6)
- Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
Area code(s)	612
FIPS code	27-43000GR2
GNIS feature ID	0655030GR3
Website: http://www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us/

Minneapolis (pronounced /ˌmɪniˈæpəlɪs/) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Minnesota and is the county seat of Hennepin County. The city lies on both banks of the Mississippi River, just north of the river's confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Saint Paul, the state's capital. Known as the Twin Cities, these two cities form the core of Minneapolis-St. Paul, the fifteenth largest metropolitan area in the United States, with about 3.5 million residents. The U.S. Census Bureau estimated the population of the city of Minneapolis at 372,811 people in 2005.^[3] The Metropolitan Council estimate for 2006 was 387,970.^[1] Minneapolis can refer to: Cities: Minneapolis, Minnesota Minneapolis, Kansas Minneapolis, North Carolina Metropolitan area: Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota Category: ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 359 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 460 pixels, file size: 73 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Downtown West is an official neighborhood in Minneapolis, part of the larger Central community. ... The North Loop neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota is nestled between the central business district and the Mississippi River. ... Image File history File links Cityflag2. ... flag of the City of Minneapolis The flag of the city of Minneapolis, Minnesota symbolizes the interests and characteristics of the City of Lakes. ... File links The following pages link to this file: Minneapolis, Minnesota Categories: Public domain images ... The Seal of of Minneapolis was adopted by the Minneapolis City Council on June 5, 1878. ... EXAMPLE:Laughbox,Blondie,BamBam,Pinkie,etc. ... For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Hennepin_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Minneapolis_Highlighted. ... Hennepin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Minnesota, named in honor of the 17th-century French explorer Father Louis Hennepin. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ... This list of countries, arranged alphabetically, gives an overview of countries of the world. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      The political units and divisions of the United States include: The 50 states... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ... List of Minnesota counties: Minnesota counties Aitkin County Anoka County Becker County Beltrami County Benton County Big Stone County Blue Earth County Brown County Carlton County Carver County Cass County Chippewa County Chisago County Clay County Clearwater County Cook County Cottonwood County Crow Wing County Dakota County Dodge County Douglas... Hennepin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Minnesota, named in honor of the 17th-century French explorer Father Louis Hennepin. ... This is a list of Mayors of Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... R.T. Rybak Raymond Thomas Rybak, Jr. ... The Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL) is a major political party in the US state of Minnesota. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude and geographical regions, we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ...  CST or UTC-6 The Central Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-6) and five hours during daylight saving time (UTC-5). ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ...  CST or UTC-6 The Central Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-6) and five hours during daylight saving time (UTC-5). ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Area code 612 is the telephone numbering plan code for the city of Minneapolis, Minnesota and a few surrounding areas such as Fort Snelling and Richfield, Minnesota, curently the smallest area code in the state by land area. ... Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the U.S. Federal government for use by all (non-military) government agencies and by government contractors. ... GNIS (The Geographic Names Information System) contains name and locative information about almost two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its Territories. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Hennepin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Minnesota, named in honor of the 17th-century French explorer Father Louis Hennepin. ... For the river in Canada, see Mississippi River (Ontario). ... The Mendota Bridge crossing the Minnesota River, just above its mouth View of the Minnesota River from Memorial Park; southeast of Granite Falls, MN. The Minnesota River is a tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 332 miles (534 km) long, in the state of Minnesota in the United States. ... For an overview of the Twin Cities metropolitan area, see Minneapolis-Saint Paul. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... A map of the Twin Cities metropolitan area. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... The Metropolitan Council is the regional governmental agency (also known as a regional planning organization, see Metropolitan planning organization) in Minnesota serving the Twin Cities seven-county metropolitan area (see Minneapolis-St. ...

Abundantly rich in water, the city has twenty lakes and wetlands, the Mississippi riverfront, creeks and waterfalls, many connected by parkways in the Chain of Lakes and the Grand Rounds Scenic Byway. Once the world's flour milling capital and a hub for timber, Minneapolis is the primary business center between Chicago, Illinois, and Seattle, Washington.^[4] Regional theater was pioneered at the Guthrie Theater, one of many cultural organizations that draw creative people and audiences to Minneapolis for theater, visual art, writing and music. A diverse population, the community has a long tradition of charitable support through progressive public social programs and through private and corporate philanthropy. Public park systems are modeled after Minneapolis where a park is within one-half mile (800 m) of every home. The Chain of Lakes is a district in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... The Grand Rounds Scenic Byway is a linked series of park areas in Minneapolis, Minnesota that takes a roughly circular path through the city. ... For other uses, see Flour (disambiguation). ... An ancient Chinese tomb model of a foot-powered mill, Eastern Han Dynasty (25 - 220 AD), Freer Gallery of Art. ... Timber in storage for later processing at a sawmill Timber is a term used to describe wood, either standing or that has been processed for use—from the time trees are felled, to its end product as a material suitable for industrial use—as structural material for construction or wood... Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country State Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government  - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area  - City 234. ... Seattle redirects here. ... Regional theatres (also called resident theatres) in the United States are professional theatre companies that produce their own seasons. ... The Guthrie Theater is a venue for staging plays in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... Philanthropy is the act of donating money, goods, time, or effort to support a charitable cause, usually over an extended period of time and in regard to a defined objective. ... The Country of London Park System, planned by Patrick Abercrombie in 1943-4 A park system, also known as an open space system, is a network of open spaces which are connected by public walkways, bridleways or cycleways. ... This article is about the unit of length. ...

The name Minneapolis is attributed to the city's first schoolmaster, who combined mni, the Dakota word for water, and polis, the Greek word for city.^[5] Minneapolis is nicknamed the City of Lakes and the Mill City.^[4] Lakota or Lakhota (as it is also commonly spelled) is the largest of the five major dialects of the Sioux language. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ...

History

Main article: History of Minneapolis, Minnesota

Taoyateduta was among the 121 Sioux leaders who from 1837 to 1851 ceded what is now Minneapolis.^[6]

Dakota Sioux were the region's sole residents until explorers arrived from France in about 1680. Nearby Fort Snelling, built between 1820 and 1825 by the United States Army spurred growth in the area. Circumstances pressed the Mdewakanton band of the Dakota to sell their land, allowing people arriving from the east to settle there. The Minnesota Territorial Legislature authorized present day Minneapolis as a town on the Mississippi's west bank in 1856. Minneapolis incorporated as a city in 1867, the year rail service began between Minneapolis and Chicago, and joined with the east bank city of St. Anthony in 1872.^[7] This temporary page is being used to expand and convert the article Minneapolis, Minnesota over to the new format agreed to at WikiProject Cities. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Taoyateduta, known as Little Crow Taoyateduta (1810?–July 3, 1863) was a chief of the Mdewakanton Sioux tribe. ... The Sioux (pronounced ) are a Native American and First Nations people. ... The Sioux (pronounced ) are a Native American and First Nations people. ... See also explorations, sea explorers, astronaut, conquistador, travelogue, the History of Science and Technology and Biography. ... Fort Snellings round tower A view of the grounds of Fort Snelling taken from the round tower Fort Snelling is a former military fortification located at the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers in Hennepin County, Minnesota. ... The United States Army is the largest and oldest branch of the armed forces of the United States. ... Mdewakantonwan are one of the sub-tribes of the Isanti (Santee) Sioux. ...

Loading flour, Pillsbury, 1939. Photo by John Vachon

Minneapolis grew up around Saint Anthony Falls, the only waterfall on the Mississippi. Millers have used hydropower since the 1st century B.C.,^[8] but the results in Minneapolis between 1880 and 1930 were so remarkable the city has been described as "the greatest direct-drive waterpower center the world has ever seen."^[9] In early years, forests in northern Minnesota were the source of a lumber industry that operated seventeen saw mills on power from the waterfall. By 1871, the west river bank had twenty-three businesses including flour mills, woolen mills, iron works, a railroad machine shop, and mills for cotton, paper, sashes, and planing wood.^[10] The farmers of the Great Plains grew grain that was shipped by rail to the city's thirty-four flour mills where Pillsbury and General Mills became processors. By 1905 Minneapolis delivered almost 10% of the country's flour and grist.^[11] At peak production, a single mill at Washburn-Crosby made enough flour for twelve million loaves of bread each day.^[12] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Flour (disambiguation). ... Pillsbury is a brand name used by Minneapolis-based General Mills and the The J. M. Smucker Company. ... African American boy. ... Aerial view of Saint Anthony Falls with the upper dam; there is also a lower dam. ... For other uses, see Waterfall (disambiguation). ... Undershot water wheels on the Orontes River in Hama, Syria Saint Anthony Falls Hydropower is the capture of the energy of moving water for some useful purpose. ... This article is about a community of trees. ... Timber in storage for later processing at a sawmill roni Lumber or timber is a term used to describe wood, either standing or that has been processed for use — from the time trees are felled, to its end product as a material suitable for industrial use — as structural material for... This article or section should be merged with Sawmill A saw mill is a machine used in forestry to cut trees into logs. ... For other uses, see Great Plains (disambiguation). ... The word grain has several meanings, most being descriptive of a small piece or particle. ... A grist mill is a place where grains are ground into flour. ... Pillsbury is a brand name used by Minneapolis-based General Mills and the The J. M. Smucker Company. ... General Mills (NYSE: GIS) is a Fortune 500 corporation, mainly concerned with food products, which is headquartered in Golden Valley, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis. ... For other uses, see Flour (disambiguation). ... Grist Magazine, Environmental News & Commentary (est. ... The Washburn A Mill complex in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ...

Minneapolis made dramatic changes to rectify discrimination as early as 1886 when Martha Ripley founded Maternity Hospital for both married and unmarried mothers.^[13] When the country's fortunes turned during the Great Depression, the violent Teamsters Strike of 1934 resulted in laws acknowledging worker's rights.^[14] A lifelong civil rights activist and union supporter, mayor Hubert H. Humphrey helped the city establish fair employment practices and a human relations council that interceded on behalf of minorities by 1946.^[15] Minneapolis contended with white supremacy, participated in desegregation and the African-American civil rights movement, and in 1968 was the birthplace of the American Indian Movement.^[16] Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Gay bashing Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial... Martha George Ripley (November 30, 1843–1912) of Lowell, Vermont was an American physician and founder of the Maternity Hospital in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... For other uses, see The Great Depression (disambiguation). ... The Minneapolis General Strike of 1934 grew out of a strike by Teamsters against most of the trucking companies operating in Minneapolis, a major distribution center for the Upper Midwest. ... Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... Hubert Horatio Humphrey II (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978) was the 38th Vice President of the United States, serving under President Lyndon Johnson. ... The Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) was a federal executive order requiring that companies with government contracts not discriminate on the basis of race or religion. ... In sociology and in voting theory, a minority is a sub-group that is outnumbered by persons who do not belong to it. ... White supremacy is a racist ideology which holds the belief that white people are superior to other races. ... Desegregation is the process of ending racial segregation, most commonly used in reference to the United States. ... Prominent figures of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. ... AIM logo AIM flag The American Indian Movement (AIM), is a Native American activist organization in the United States. ...

During the 1950s and 1960s as part of urban renewal, the city razed about two hundred buildings across twenty-five city blocks—roughly 40% of downtown, destroying the Gateway District and many buildings with notable architecture including the Metropolitan Building. Efforts to save the building failed but are credited with jumpstarting interest in historic preservation in the state.^[17] Urban Renewal redirects here. ... The Gateway District of Minneapolis is centered at the convergence of Hennepin Avenue, Nicollet Avenue, and Washington Avenue, as well as several surrounding blocks surrounding the intersection. ... The Metropolitan Building in November 1960 The Metropolitan Building, originally known as the Northwestern Guaranty Loan Building, is considered to be one of the most architecturally-significant structures in the history of Minneapolis, Minnesota. ...

Mississippi riverfront and Saint Anthony Falls in 1915. At left, Pillsbury, power plants and the Stone Arch Bridge. Today the Minnesota Historical Society's Mill City Museum is in the Washburn "A" Mill, across the river just to the left of the falls. At center left are Northwestern Consolidated mills. The tall building is Minneapolis City Hall. In the foreground to the right are Nicollet Island and the Hennepin Avenue Bridge.

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 95 pixels Full resolution (2437 × 288 pixel, file size: 171 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Panoramic view of Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... For the river in Canada, see Mississippi River (Ontario). ... Aerial view of Saint Anthony Falls with the upper dam; there is also a lower dam. ... The mill in 2005. ... The Stone Arch Bridge at dusk The Great Northern Railroad crossed the Mississippi River on the Stone Arch Bridge near the Saint Anthony Falls (the only waterfall on the Mississippi) in Minneapolis. ... The Minnesota Historical Society is a Minnesota instutution dedicated to preserving the history of the state. ... The Washburn A Mill complex in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... Railways at Northwestern, left, and General Mills, center right Loading in a boxcar, 1939 Northwestern Consolidated Milling Company was an American flour milling company that operated about one quarter of the mills in Minneapolis, Minnesota when the city was the flour milling capital of the world. ... Minneapolis City Hall, Franklin Bidwell Long and Frederick G. Kees, architects, finished 1906 (view from northeast) Minneapolis City Hall and Hennepin County Courthouse (also known as the Municipal Building) is the main building used by the city government of Minneapolis, Minnesota, also serving Hennepin County. ... Nicollet Island is an island in the Mississippi River just North of downtown Minneapolis. ... The original structure circa 1865 The Hennepin Avenue Bridge is the series of spans that have carried Hennepin Avenue across the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota at Nicollet Island. ...

Geography and climate

Main articles: Geography of Minneapolis, Minnesota and Climate of Minneapolis, Minnesota

Glacial meltwaters formed Saint Anthony Falls near Fort Snelling about ten thousand years ago. Rushing water undercut sandstone and collapsed limestone, moving the falls eight miles (13 km) to the northwest.^[18]

Minneapolis history and the city's economic growth are tied to water, the city's defining physical characteristic, which was sent to the region during the last ice age. Fed by receding glaciers and Lake Agassiz ten thousand years ago, torrents of water from a glacial river undercut the Mississippi and Minnehaha riverbeds, creating waterfalls important to modern Minneapolis.^[19] Lying on an artesian aquifer^[4] and otherwise flat terrain, Minneapolis has a total area of 58.4 mi² (151.3 km²) and of this 6% is water.^[20] Water is managed by watershed districts that correspond to the Mississippi and the city's three creeks.^[21] Twelve lakes, three large ponds and five unnamed wetlands are within Minneapolis.^[22] This temporary page is being used to expand and convert the article Minneapolis, Minnesota over to the new format agreed to at WikiProject Cities. ... The Climate of Minneapolis, in the U.S. state of Minnesota, is typical of cities located in the Midwestern United States. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 164 KB)[edit] Summary taken 05/18/2002 by William Wesen [edit] Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 164 KB)[edit] Summary taken 05/18/2002 by William Wesen [edit] Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... A map of the extent of Lake Agassiz Lake Agassiz was an immense lake—bigger than all of the present-day Great Lakes combined—in the center of North America, which was fed by glacial runoff at the end of the last ice age. ... Aerial view of Saint Anthony Falls with the upper dam; there is also a lower dam. ... Fort Snelling is a former military fortification located at the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers in Hennepin County, Minnesota. ... Red sandstone interior of Lower Antelope Canyon, Arizona, worn smooth due to erosion by flash flooding over millions of years Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock grains. ... For other uses, see Limestone (disambiguation). ... The Wisconsin (in North America), Devensian (in the British Isles), Midlandian (in Ireland), Würm (in the Alps), and Weichsel (in northern central Europe) glaciations are the most recent glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch, which ended around 10,000 BCE. The general glacial advance began about 70,000 BCE, and... This article is about the geological formation. ... A map of the extent of Lake Agassiz Lake Agassiz was an immense lake—bigger than all of the present-day Great Lakes combined—in the center of North America, which was fed by glacial runoff at the end of the last ice age. ... Glacial River Warren or River Warren is the name of a prehistoric river which drained Lake Agassiz in central North America between 11,700 and 9,400 years ago. ... Geological strata giving rise to an Artesian well. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A drainage basin is the area within the drainage basin divide (blue outline), and drains the surface runoff and river discharge (green lines) of a contiguous area. ... Butchers Creek, Omeo, Victoria A stream, brook, beck, burn or creek, is a body of water with a detectable current, confined within a bed and banks. ...

Lake Harriet frozen in winter. Ice blocks deposited in valleys by retreating glaciers created the lakes of Minneapolis.^[23]

The city center is located just south of 45° N latitude.^[24] The city's lowest elevation of 686 ft (209 m) is near where Minnehaha Creek meets the Mississippi River. The site of the Prospect Park Water Tower is often cited as the city's highest point^[25] and a placard in Deming Heights Park denotes the highest elevation, but a spot at 974 ft (296.8 m) in or near Waite Park in Northeast Minneapolis is corroborated by Google Earth as the highest ground. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 853 pixel, file size: 144 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 853 pixel, file size: 144 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Minnesota DNR map of Lake Harriet Lake Harriet, also known as Harriet Lake, is a lake in the southwest part of Minneapolis, just south of Lake Calhoun and north of Minnehaha Creek. ... This article is about the geographical term. ... Minnehaha Falls Minnehaha Creek is a short tributary of the Mississippi River located in Hennepin County, Minnesota that extends from Lake Minnetonka in the west and flows east for 22 miles (35 km). ... Prospect Park is a historic neighborhood in Minneapolis, Minnesota near the University of Minnesota, bounded by the Mississippi River, the City of Saint Paul, Minnesota, railroad tracks to the north of University Avenue, and the University of Minnesotas Stadium Village area. ... Northeast is a community in Minneapolis. ...

Minneapolis has a continental climate typical of the Upper Midwestern United States. Winters can be cold and dry, while summer is comfortably warm although at times it can be hot and humid. On the Köppen climate classification, Minneapolis falls in the warm summer humid continental climate zone (Dfa). The city experiences a full range of precipitation and related weather events, including snow, sleet, ice, rain, thunderstorms, tornadoes, and fog. The warmest temperature ever recorded in Minneapolis was 108 °F (42.2 °C) in July 1936, and the coldest temperature ever recorded was -41 °F (-40.6 °C), in January 1888. The snowiest winter of record was 1983–84, when 98.4 in (2.5 m) of snow fell.^[26] Regions containing a continental climate exist in portions of Northern Hemisphere continents, and also at higher elevations in certain other parts of the world. ... Regional definitions vary from source to source. ... For other uses, see Winter (disambiguation). ... The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... The humid continental climate is a climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between polar and tropical air masses. ... For other uses, see Snow (disambiguation). ... Sleet is a term used in a variety of ways to describe precipitation intermediate between rain and snow but distinct from hail. ... This article is about water ice. ... This article is about precipitation. ... A shelf cloud associated with a heavy or severe thunderstorm over Enschede, The Netherlands. ... This article is about the weather phenomenon. ... For other uses, see Fog (disambiguation). ... Summer (June-August) 1936 Temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit. ...

Because of its northerly location in the United States and lack of large bodies of water to moderate the air, Minneapolis is sometimes subjected to cold Arctic air masses, especially during late December, January & February. The average annual temperature of 45.4 °F (7 °C) gives the Minneapolis–St.Paul metropolitan area the coldest annual mean temperature of any major metropolitan area in the continental U.S.^[27] In meteorology, an air mass is a large volume of air having fairly uniform characteristics of temperature, atmospheric pressure, and water vapor content. ... The continental United States refers (except sometimes in U.S. federal law and regulations) to the largest part of the U.S. that is delimited by a continuous border. ...

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Minneapolis, Minnesota

American Swedish Institute. Immigrants from Scandinavia arrived beginning in the 1860s.

During the 1850s and 1860s, new settlers arrived in Minneapolis from New England and New York, and during the mid-1860s, Scandinavians from Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Denmark began to call the city home. Later, immigrants came from Germany, Italy, Greece, Poland, and southern and eastern Europe. Jews from Russia and eastern Europe settled primarily on the north side of the city before moving in large numbers to the western suburbs in the 1950s and 1960s.^[29] Asians came from China, the Philippines, Japan, and Korea. Two groups came for a short while during U.S. government relocations, Japanese during the 1940s, and Native Americans during the 1950s. From 1970 onward, Asians arrived from Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand. Beginning in the 1990s, a large Latino population arrived, along with refugees from Africa, especially from Somalia.^[30] This temporary page is being used to expand and convert the article Minneapolis, Minnesota over to the new format agreed to at WikiProject Cities. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 714 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1637 × 1375 pixel, file size: 311 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 714 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1637 × 1375 pixel, file size: 311 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The American Swedish Institute (ASI) is a non-profit educational and research organization and museum based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... For other uses, see Scandinavia (disambiguation). ... This article is about the region in the United States of America. ... This article is about the state. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... For the Brazilian pop singer, see Latino (singer). ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

Into the 21st century, Minneapolis continues its heritage of welcoming newcomers. The metropolitan area is an immigrant gateway with a 127% increase in foreign-born residents between 1990 and 2000.^[31]

Immigrants rights march in 2006

U.S. Census Bureau estimates in 2005 show the population of Minneapolis to be 372,811, a 2.6% drop since the 2000 census.^[3] The Metropolitan Council estimates the population at 387,711 in 2005,^[32] and 387,970 in 2006.^[1] The population grew until 1950 when the census peaked at 521,718, and then declined as people moved to the suburbs until about 1990. The number of African-Americans, Asians, and Hispanics is growing. Non-whites are now about one fifth of the city's residents.^[33] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 548 pixelsFull resolution (2319 × 1589 pixels, file size: 597 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 548 pixelsFull resolution (2319 × 1589 pixels, file size: 597 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Immigration is the movement of people into one place from another. ... The Metropolitan Council is the regional governmental agency (also known as a regional planning organization, see Metropolitan planning organization) in Minnesota serving the Twin Cities seven-county metropolitan area (see Minneapolis-St. ...

Compared to the U.S. national average in 2005, the city has fewer white, Hispanic, senior, and unemployed people, while it has more people aged over 18 and more with a college degree.^[34]

Compared to a peer group in 2000, the metropolitan area is decentralizing, with a high churn rate and a large young and white population and low unemployment. Racial and ethnic minorities lag behind white counterparts in education, with 15% of black and 13% of Hispanic people holding bachelor's degrees compared to 42% of the white population. The standard of living is on the rise, with incomes among the highest in the Midwest, but median household income among black people is below that of white by over $17,000. Home ownership among black and Hispanic residents is half that of white, and one-third of the Asian population lives below the poverty line.^[31] This does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the Midwestern region in the United States. ...

The United States Census of 1860 was the eighth Census conducted in the United States. ... The Ninth United States Census was taken in 1870. ... 1880 US Census The United States Census of 1880 was the tenth United States Census. ... The Eleventh United States Census was taken June 1, 1890. ... 1900 US Census The Twelfth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 76,212,168, an increase of 21. ... The Thirteenth United States Census was taken in 1910. ... The Fourteenth United States Census was taken in 1920. ... The Fifteenth United States Census was taken in 1930. ... The Sixteenth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 132,164,569, an increase of 7. ... The Seventeenth United States Census was taken in 1950. ... The Eighteenth United States Census was taken in 1960. ... The Nineteenth United States Census was taken in 1970. ... The Twentieth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 226,545,805, an increase of 11. ... The Twenty-first United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 248,709,873, an increase of 9. ... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ...

Economy

See also: Economy of Minnesota

Target Corporation's 350,000 employees operate about 1,500 retail stores in 47 U.S. states.^[36]

The economy of Minneapolis today is based in commerce, finance, rail and trucking services, health care, and industry. Smaller components are in publishing, milling, food processing, graphic arts, insurance, and high technology. Industry produces metal and automotive products, chemical and agricultural products, electronics, computers, precision medical instruments and devices, plastics, and machinery.^[37] The Minnesota state quarter The economy of Minnesota produced 234 billion dollars of gross domestic product in 2005. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 589 pixelsFull resolution (1752 × 1289 pixel, file size: 434 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 589 pixelsFull resolution (1752 × 1289 pixel, file size: 434 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... This article is about the United States retail company. ...

White U.S. Bancorp towers reflected in 225 South Sixth

Five Fortune 500 headquarters are in Minneapolis proper: Target Corporation, U.S. Bancorp, Xcel Energy, Ameriprise Financial and Thrivent Financial for Lutherans. Fortune 1000 companies in Minneapolis include PepsiAmericas, Valspar Corporation and Donaldson Company.^[38] Apart from government, the city's largest employers are Target, Wells Fargo, Ameriprise, Macy's, Star Tribune, U.S. Bancorp, Xcel Energy, IBM, Piper Jaffray, RBC Dain Rauscher, ING Group and Qwest.^[39] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (600 × 800 pixel, file size: 179 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (600 × 800 pixel, file size: 179 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... It has been suggested that Firstar Corporation be merged into this article or section. ... 225 South Sixth is a skyscraper in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. It is currently the second tallest building in Minneapolis after the IDS Center. ... The Fortune 500 is a ranking of the top 500 United States corporations as measured by gross revenue. ... This article is about the United States retail company. ... It has been suggested that Firstar Corporation be merged into this article or section. ... Xcel Energy, Inc. ... Ameriprise Financial, Inc. ... The entrance sign in Appleton shows the corporate logo Corporate Center in Minneapolis Operations Center in Appleton Appleton entrance Thrivent Financial for Lutherans (first word pronounced THRIVE-int IPA pronunciation: ) is a Fortune 500 financial services organization with dual corporate headquarters based in Minneapolis, Minnesota and Appleton, Wisconsin. ... Fortune 1000 is a reference to a list maintained by the American business magazine Fortune. ... PepsiAmericas, Inc. ... An older Wells Fargo branch, located in Berkeley, California Wells Fargos corporate headquarters and main branch Wells Fargo & Co. ... This article is about the R. H. Macy & Co. ... The Star Tribune is the largest newspaper in Minnesota and is published seven days each week in an edition for the Minneapolis-St. ... For other uses, see IBM (disambiguation) and Big Blue. ... Piper Jaffray is a US boutique investment banking firm based in Minneapolis, Minnesota and is a focused on delivering financial advice, investment products and transaction execution within targeted sectors of the financial services marketplace. ... The Royal Bank of Canada (TSX: RY, NYSE: RY) is Canadas largest company. ... ING House, ING headquarters in Amsterdam ING Groep N.V. (NYSE: ING, Euronext: INGA) (known as ING Group) is a financial institution of Dutch origin offering banking, insurance and asset management services. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Availability of Wi-Fi, transportation solutions, medical trials, university research and development expenditures, advanced degrees held by the work force, and energy conservation are so far above the national average that in 2005, Popular Science named Minneapolis the "Top Tech City" in the U.S.^[40] Minneapolis ranked the country's second best city in a 2006 Kiplinger's poll of Smart Places to Live and one of the Seven Cool Cities for young professionals.^[41] Official Wi-Fi logo Wi-Fi (pronounced wye-fye, IPA: ) is a wireless technology brand owned by the Wi-Fi Alliance intended to improve the interoperability of wireless local area network products based on the IEEE 802. ... This article is not about the magazine, Popular Science Popular science is interpretation of science intended for a general audience, rather than for other scientists or students. ... Kiplingers magazine cover Kiplingers Personal Finance is a magazine that has been continuously published, on a monthly basis, from 1947 to the present day. ...

The Twin Cities contribute 63.8% of the gross state product of Minnesota. The area's $145.8 billion gross metropolitan product and its per capita personal income rank fourteenth in the U.S. Recovering from the nation's recession in 2000, personal income grew 3.8% in 2005, though it was behind the national average of 5%. The city returned to peak employment during the fourth quarter of that year.^[42] Gross state product is a measurment of the economic output of a U.S. state or an Australian state. ... A metropolitan areas gross domestic product, or GMP, is one of several measures of the size of its economy. ... For information on household income, see Household income in the United States. ...

The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, with one branch in Helena, Montana, serves Minnesota, Montana, North and South Dakota, and parts of Wisconsin and Michigan. The smallest of the twelve regional banks in the Federal Reserve System, it operates a nationwide payments system, oversees member banks and bank holding companies, and serves as a banker for the U.S. Treasury.^[43] The Minneapolis Grain Exchange founded in 1881 is still located near the riverfront and is the only exchange for hard red spring wheat futures and options.^[44] Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis covers the 9th District of the Federal Reserve, including Minnesota, Montana, North and South Dakota, northwestern Wisconsin, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. ... Nickname: Location in Lewis and Clark County, Montana Coordinates: , Country State County Lewis and Clark Founded October 30, 1864 Government  - Mayor James E. Smith Area  - Total 14. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Official language(s) English Capital Bismarck Largest city Fargo Area  Ranked 19th  - Total 70,762 sq mi (183,272 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 340 miles (545 km)  - % water 2. ... Official language(s) English Capital Pierre Largest city Sioux Falls Area  Ranked 17th  - Total 77,116[1] sq mi (199,905 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 380 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... The Fed redirects here. ... The Minneapolis Grain Exchange (MGEX) was formed in 1881 as a cash market for grains, the exchange launched its first futures contract, hard red spring wheat two years later. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat Wheat For the indie rock group, see Wheat (band). ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... This article is about options traded in financial markets. ...

Arts

Main article: Arts in Minneapolis, Minnesota

Walker Art Center began as a public gallery in the home of Harriet G. Walker and T. B. Walker, who began to collect paintings in about 1874.^[45]

The region is second only to New York City in live theater per capita^[46] and is the third-largest theater market in the U.S., supporting the Theatre de la Jeune Lune, Illusion, Jungle, Mixed Blood, Penumbra, the Brave New Workshop, the Minnesota Dance Theatre, Theater Latté Da, In the Heart of the Beast Theatre, and the Children's Theatre Company.^[47] French architect Jean Nouvel designed a new three stage complex^[48] for the Guthrie Theatre, the prototype alternative to Broadway founded in Minneapolis in 1965.^[49] Minneapolis purchased and renovated the Orpheum, State, and Pantages Theatre vaudeville and film houses on Hennepin Avenue now used for concerts and plays.^[50] In 2007, a fourth renovated theater will join the Hennepin Center for the Arts to become the Minnesota Shubert Performing Arts and Education Center, a home to twenty performing arts groups and a provider of Web-based art education.^[51] This temporary page is being used to expand and convert the article Minneapolis, Minnesota over to the new format agreed to at WikiProject Cities. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 388 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metadata This file... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 388 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metadata This file... One of the most celebrated art museums in the country, the Walker Art Center is known for commissioning and presenting innovative contemporary art; fostering the cross-pollination of the visual, performing, and media arts; and engaging diverse audiences in the excitement of the creative process. ... Harriet Granger Hulet Walker (10 September 1841–13 January 1917) was born in Brunswick, Ohio in the United States. ... Thomas Barlow Walker (1840–28 July 1928) was an American businessperson who acquired timber and became an art collector. ... The Theatre de la Jeune Lune is a theater company in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... The Mixed Blood Theatre Company, founded in 1976 in Minneapolis, Minnesota by artistic director Jack Reuler, is a professional multiracial theatre company promoting cultural pluralism, individual equality, and artistic excellence. ... The Brave New Workshop (BNW), begun as the Instant Theater Company in New York City, is a satirical theater company that was created in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1958 by Dudley Riggs, with improvised help from Dick Guindon, Irv Letofsky, and Dan Sullivan. ... The Minnesota Dance Theatre (MDT) dance company and school in Minneapolis, Minnesota was founded by Loyce Houlton in 1962 as the Contemporary Dance Theatre. ... HOBT May Day Parade in Powderhorn Park In the Heart of the Beast Puppet and Mask Theatre (also known as Heart of the Beast or HOBT) is a puppet company from Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... The Childrens Theatre Company (formerly The Moppet Players) is a regional theatre established in 1965 in Minneapolis Minnesota specializing in plays for families and young audiences and the recipient of a 2003 Tony Award for Outstanding Regional Theatre. ... Jean Nouvel (born August 12, 1945) is a French architect. ...