The Mirandese language (Lhéngua Mirandesa in Mirandese; Língua Mirandesa or Mirandês in Portuguese) is spoken in northeastern Portugal. The Portuguese Parliament granted it official recognition on 17 September 1998 with the law 7/99 of 29 January 1999. The Assembly of the Republic is the Portuguese parliament; its building in Lisbon is referred to as Palácio de São Bento (Saint Benedicts Palace). ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... January 29 is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) is a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...

Mirandese has a distinct phonology, morphology and syntax, and has been distinct at least since the formation of Portugal (12th century). It has its roots in the spoken Latin of the north of the Iberian Peninsula (Portuguese developed in the northwest). It is a descendant of the ancient Leonese language of northern Iberia, the last remnant of the ancient language of the Kingdom of León. It is related to the Asturian language. However, these amalgamations in the Spanish territory did not affect Mirandese, which preserves distinct linguistic differences in relation to both Portuguese and Spanish. It shares many lexicon with regional Portuguese dialects. Phonology (Greek phone = voice/sound and logos = word/speech), is a subfield of linguistics closely associated with phonetics. ... Morphology is a subdiscipline of linguistics that studies word structure. ... Syntax, originating from the Greek words συν (syn, meaning co- or together) and τάξις (táxis, meaning sequence, order, arrangement), can be described as the study of the rules, or patterned relations that govern the way the words in a sentence come together. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Vulgar Latin (in Latin, sermo vulgaris) is a blanket term covering the vernacular dialects of the Latin language spoken mostly in the western provinces of the Roman Empire until those dialects, diverging still further, evolved into the early Romance languages — a distinction usually assigned to about the ninth century. ... topographic map of the Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe. ... Leonese (Llïonés in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of León, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain. ... Iberia can mean: The Iberian peninsula of South west Europe; That part of it once inhabited by the Iberians, who spoke the Iberian language. ... The city of León was founded by the Roman Seventh Legion (for unknown reasons always written as Legio Septima Gemina (twin seventh legion). It was the headquarters of that legion in the late empire and was a center for trade in gold which was mined at Las Médulas... Asturian, Leonese, Astur-Leonese or Bable (Asturianu in Asturian, Llïonés in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias, León, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is officially recognized as...

In the 19th century, José Leite de Vasconcelos, described it as "the language of the farms, of work, home, and love between the Mirandese". Since 1986/1987 the language is taught to students between the age of 10 and 11, and the language is recovering. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Today Mirandese retains fewer than 5,000 speakers (but the number can be up to 15,000 if counting second language speakers) in the villages of the Municipality of Miranda do Douro and in some eastern villages (i.e. Vilar Seco & Angueira; in Cacarelhos, it is considered recently extinct) of the Municipality of Vimioso, and some linguistic influence can be observed at other villages of the municipality of Vimioso and the municipalities of Mogadouro, Macedo de Cavaleiros and Bragança. Three variants of the Mirandese language exist: "Border Mirandese", "Central Mirandese" and "Sendinês Mirandese". Most speakers of Mirandese also speak Portuguese; some of these speak Spanish as well. Picote (Picuote in Mirandese) is the only village that is basically monolingual in Mirandese and, due to this, several news reports have been made about this village as it became a curiosity in a country that is monolingual in Portuguese. Coat of Arms Miranda do Douro is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 488. ... Vimioso is a parish and a municipality in Portugal, in the Bragança district, Região Norte. ... Macedo de Cavaleiros is a parish in the northeastern part of Portugal in the district of Bragança, a sub-region of Alto Trás-os-Montes, Região Norte, with a population of roughly 6,000. ... Bragança (pron. ...

The main differences between Mirandese in Portugal and Asturian in Spain are caused by the dominant languages in each region, Mirandese has been influenced phonetically and in lexicon by Portuguese and Asturian by Spanish and also due to that both have distinctive orthography reflecting each phonetically the main national languages. Another difference is that Mirandese remains very conservative, while Asturian evolved. While both were in the past undoubtedly the same language.

Examples:
Car

• Mirandese/Portuguese: carro
• Asturian/Spanish: coche

computer

• Mirandese/Portuguese: computador
• Asturian/Spanish: ordenador

Container for liquids

• Mirandese/Portuguese: garrafa
• Asturian/Spanish: botella

See also

• Asturian language
• Astur-Leonese
• Leonese language

Asturian, Leonese, Astur-Leonese or Bable (Asturianu in Asturian, Llïonés in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias, León, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is officially recognized as... Astur-Leonese or Bable (Asturianu in Asturian, Llïonés in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias, León, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is officially recognized as Mirandese). ... Leonese (Llïonés in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of León, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain. ...

External links

• Ethnologue report for Mirando do Douro (Mirandese)
• Extract of the Lusiads in Mirandese
• L Mirandés: Ũa Lhéngua Minoritaira an Pertual Mirandese: A minority language in Portugal (in Mirandese)