Mission San Diego de Alcalá as it stood circa 1900.

Mission San Diego de Alcalá was founded on July 16, 1769 in what is now the City of San Diego, California by Father Junípero Serra. It was the first in the 21-mission chain in Alta California, and today is known as the "Mother of the Alta California Missions" and "California's First Church." It was situated in the First Military District, and named for Saint Didacus of Alcalá. Image File history File links San_Diego_Alcala_circa_1900_Keystone-Mast_Company. ... Image File history File links San_Diego_Alcala_circa_1900_Keystone-Mast_Company. ... July 16 is the 197th day (198th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 168 days remaining. ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Blessed Junípero Serra (November 24, 1713 – August 28, 1784) was a Majorcan (Spain) Franciscan friar who founded the mission chain in Alta California. ... The Spanish Missions of California (more simply referred to as the California Missions) comprise a series of religious outposts established by Spanish Catholic Dominicans, Jesuits, and Franciscans, to spread the Christian doctrine among the local Native Americans, but with the added benefit of giving Spain a toehold in the frontier... Alta California (Upper California) was formed in 1804 when the province of California, then a part of the Spanish colony of New Spain, was divided in two along the line separating the Franciscan missions in the north from the Dominican missions in the south. ... The Spanish Missions in California (more simply referred to as the California Missions) comprise a series of religious outposts established by Spanish Catholic Dominicans, Jesuits, and Franciscans, to spread the Christian doctrine among the local Native Americans, but with the added benefit of giving Spain a toehold in the frontier... In Roman Catholic doctrine, a Saint (rel. ... Saint Didacus of Alcalá, more familiar as San Diego, was a lay brother of the Order of Friars Minor who died at Alcalá, Spain, November 12, 1463. ...

Due to the mistreatment of the local Kumeyaay (Diegueños), the locals rebelled against Spanish rule, and attacked the Mission on November 5, 1775. Father Luis Jayme, who had been left behind to run the Mission while Father Serra moved on to found other missions, was killed. Peace eventually settled over the area, and by 1797, there were approximately 1,400 Kumeyaay living in the vicinity of the Mission proper. The Kumeyaay, also known as the Diegueño and sometimes confused with the Luiseño, are a Native American people of the extreme southwestern United States and northwest Mexico. ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... 1775 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1797 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Wheat, corn, wine grapes, barley, beans, cattle, horses, and sheep were the major crops. In 1795, construction on a system of aqueducts was begun to bring water to the fields and the Mission. Species T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat (Triticum spp. ... Binomial name Zea mays L. Maize (Zea mays ssp. ... Wine is an alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of grapes and grape juice. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Binomial name Hordeum vulgare L. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a major food and animal feed crop, a member of the grass family Poaceae. ... Green beans Bean is a common name for large plant seeds of several genera of Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae) used for food or feed. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular usage, kine archaic, or ky as the Scots plural of coo) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... Binomial name Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 nugget For other uses, see Horse (disambiguation). ... Species See text. ... Pont du Gard, France, a Roman era aqueduct circa 19 BC, it is one of Frances top tourist attractions at over 1. ...

After Mexico gained its independence from Spain, it decided that it was not profitable to maintain the missions. The missions were offered for sale to the natives, who were unable to come up with the price, so the Mission's property was broken up into ranchos and sold to Mexican citizens. In 1846, the Mission San Diego de Alcalá was given to Santiago Arguello. When the United States took over California, the Mission was used by the military from 1846 to 1862. In[1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act declaring that all of the missions would become the property of the Catholic Church, most of which have remained so since that time. Alta California (Upper California) was formed in 1804 when the province of California, then a part of the Spanish colony of New Spain, was divided in two along the line separating the Franciscan missions in the north from the Dominican missions in the south. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  - Total   - Width   - Length    - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 3rd 158,302 sq mi  410,000 km² 250 miles  402. ... The presidential seal was used by president Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865), sometimes called Abe Lincoln and nicknamed Honest Abe, the Rail Splitter, and the Great Emancipator, was the 16th President of the United States (1861 to 1865), and the first president from the Republican Party. ... The name Catholic Church can mean a visible organization that refers to itself as Catholic, or the invisible Christian Church, viz. ...

When Mission San Diego de Alcalá was granted back to the Church, it was in ruins. In the 1880s Father Anthony Ubach began to restore the old mission buildings. He died in 1907, however, and the restoration stopped until 1931. In 1941 the Mission once again became a parish church. In 1976, Pope Paul VI designated the Mission church as a Minor Basilica. The Mission is still an active parish serving the Diocese of San Diego. // Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ... Pope Paul VI (Latin: ), born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini (September 26, 1897 – August 6, 1978), reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as sovereign of Vatican City from 1963 to 1978. ... St. ... The Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego is a particular church of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in the western region of the United States. ...

The Mission was designated a National Historic Landmark. USS Constitution. ...

Historic designations

• National Register of Historic Places #NPS–70000144
• California Historical Landmark #52 — mission dam and flume system completed in 1816
• California Historical Landmark #242
• California Historical Landmark #784 — El Camino Real (starting point)
• City of San Diego Historic Designation #113

The National Register of Historic Places is the USAs official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects worthy of preservation. ... California Historical Landmarks (CHLs) are buildings, structures, sites, or places in the state of California that have been determined to have statewide historical significance by meeting at least one of the criteria listed below: approved for designation by the County Board of Supervisors or the City/Town Council in whose... Scrivener Dam, in Canberra, Australia, was engineered to withstand a once-in-5000-years flood event A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment. ... This flume diverts water from the White River in Washington to generate electricity A flume is a waterwork with open water table, that leads water from a diversion weir completely aside a natural flow. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... El Camino Real in California is historically the road built in 1769 by Father Junípero Serra to connect the Catholic missions in Alta California between Sonoma in the north, and (what is now Presidio Park in) San Diego in the south, during the Spanish colonial era, and now a...

See also

• Spanish missions in California
• Santa Ysabel Asistencia
• Presidio of San Diego
• USNS Mission San Diego — a Buenaventura Class fleet oiler built during World War II.

The Spanish Missions in California (more simply referred to as the California Missions) comprise a series of religious outposts established by Spanish Catholic Dominicans, Jesuits, and Franciscans, to spread the Christian doctrine among the local Native Americans, but with the added benefit of giving Spain a toehold in the frontier... The Santa Ysabel Asistencia was founded on September 20, 1818 at Canada de Santa Ysabel in the mountains east of San Diego (near the village of Elcuanam), the present-day City of Santa Ysabel. ... 1820 map, Presidio of San Diego El Presidio Real de San Diego (Royal Presidio of San Diego) was established in May 14, 1769 by Commandant Pedro Fages under authority of the King of Spain. ... The USNS Mission San Diego was one of twenty-seven Mission Buenaventura Class fleet oilers built during World War II for service in the United States Navy, named for the Franciscan mission located in San Diego, California. ... The USNS Mission Buenaventura is one of twenty-seven similar fleet oilers built during World War II for service in the United States Navy. ... An oiler is a ship, also called a tanker, that can carry a liquid cargo of petroleum, or a naval support vessel that carries fuel to other naval ships steaming at sea, and can transfer the fuel during underway RAS improved fleet operations reliability, availabiltiy and serviceability. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead:17 million Civilian dead:33 million Total dead:50 million Military dead:8 million Civilian dead:4 million Total dead:12 million World War II...

External links

• Official mission website
• Elevation & Site Layout sketches of the Mission proper
• "Sociopolitical Aspects of the 1775 Revolt at Mission San Diego de Alcalá: an Ethnohistorical Approach" by Richard L. Carrico