| Mitral valve | | | | Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow. (Mitral valve labeled at center right.) | | | | Base of ventricles exposed by removal of the atria. (Bicuspid valve visible at bottom left.) | | Latin | valva atrioventricularis sinistra, valva mitralis | | Gray's | subject #138 534 | | MeSH | Mitral+Valve | | Dorlands/Elsevier | v_02/12843904 | The mitral valve (also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve), is a dual flap (bi = 2) valve in the heart that lies between the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV). In Latin, the term mitral means shaped like a miter, or bishop's cap. The mitral valve and the tricuspid valve are known collectively as the atrioventricular valves because they lie between the atria and the ventricles of the heart and control flow. Image File history File links Diagram_of_the_human_heart_(cropped). ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ...
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ...
Elseviers logo. ...
Grays Fig. ...
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. ...
In the heart, a ventricle is a chamber which collects blood from an atrium (another heart chamber) and pumps it out of the heart. ...
This article is about the ceremonial head-dress; see also mitre (disambiguation). ...
The tricuspid valve is on the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle. ...
Atrioventricular (having to do with an atrium and ventricle) can refer to: Left atrioventricular opening Atrioventricular (rock band) Atrioventricular fistula Atrioventricular node The term Atrioventricular valves is used to describe the mitral valve and tricuspid valve. ...
Overview
A normally functioning mitral valve opens to pressure from the superior surface of the valve, allowing blood to flow into the left ventricle during left atria systole (contraction), and closes at the end of atrial contraction to prevent blood from back flowing into the atria during left ventricle systole. In a normal cardiac cycle, the atria contracts first, filling the ventricle. At the end of ventricular diastole, the bicuspid valve shuts, and prevents backflow as the ventricle begins its systolic phase. Backflow may occur if the patient suffers from mitral valve prolapse, causing an audible heart murmur during auscultation. Systole can mean the following: Systole (medicine) is a term describing the contraction of the heart. ...
Systole can mean the following: Systole (medicine) is a term describing the contraction of the heart. ...
Cardiac cycle is the term used to describe the sequence of events that occur as a heart works to pump blood through the body. ...
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a heart valve condition marked by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. ...
Murmurs are abnormal heart sounds that are produced as a result of turbulent blood flow, which is sufficient to produce audible noise. ...
Auscultation is the technical term for listening to the internal sounds of the body, usually using a stethoscope. ...
Anatomy The mitral valve has two cusps/leaflets (the anteromedial leaflet and the posterolateral leaflet) which guards the opening. The opening is surrounded by a fibrous ring known as the mitral valve annulus. (The orientation of the two leaflets were once thought to resemble a bishop's miter, which is where the valve receives its name.[1]) The anterior cusp protects approximately two-thirds of the valve (imagine a crescent moon within the circle, where the crescent represents the posterior cusp). These valve leaflets are prevented from prolapsing into the left atrium by the action of tendons attached to the posterior surface of the valve, chordae tendinae. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: This article...
This article is about the ceremonial head-dress; see also mitre (disambiguation). ...
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a heart valve condition marked by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. ...
The cord-like tendons called the chordae tendineae attach valves like the tricuspid valve and the Semilunar valves in the heart. ...
The inelastic chordae tendineae are attached at one end to the papillary muscles and the other to the valve cusps. Papillary muscles are finger like projections from the wall of the left ventricle. Chordae tendinae from each muscle are attached to both leaflets of the mitral valve. Thus when the ventricle contracts, the intraventricular pressure forces the valve to close, while the tendons prevent the valve from opening in the wrong direction. The chordae tendineae, or heart strings, are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart. ...
In anatomy, the papillary muscles of the heart serve to limit the movements of the mitral and tricuspid valves. ...
Normal physiology During left ventricular diastole, after the pressure drops in the left ventricle due to relaxation of the ventricular myocardium, the mitral valve opens, and blood travels from the left atrium to the left ventricle. About 70-80% of the blood that travels across the mitral valve occurs during the early filling phase of the left ventricle. This early filling phase is due to active relaxation of the ventricular myocardium, causing a pressure gradient that allows a rapid flow of blood from the left atrium, across the mitral valve. This early filling across the mitral valve is seen on doppler echocardiography of the mitral valve as the E wave. In the heart, a ventricle is a chamber which collects blood from an atrium (another heart chamber) and pumps it out of the heart. ...
Diastole is the period of time when the heart relaxes after contraction. ...
Myocardium is the muscular tissue of the heart. ...
An echocardiogram. ...
After the E wave, there is a period of slow filling of the ventricle.
Left atrial contraction (left atrial systole) (during left ventricular diastole) causes added blood to flow across the mitral valve immediately before left ventricular systole. This late flow across the open mitral valve is seen on doppler echocardiography of the mitral valve as the A wave. The late filling of the LV contributes about 20% to the volume in the left ventricle prior to ventricular systole, and is known as the atrial kick. Systole can mean the following: Systole (medicine) is a term describing the contraction of the heart. ...
Surface anatomy The opening and closing of the mitral valve is difficult to hear directly, but the flow of blood to the left ventricle is most audible at the apex of the heart, and so auscultation is usually performed at the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the midclavicular line. Apex of the Heart: it is the most outer superficial part of the heart which is situated on the left 5th intercostal space. ...
Auscultation is the technical term for listening to the internal sounds of the body, usually using a stethoscope. ...
Intercostal spaces, viewed from the left The intercostal space is the space between two ribs (Lat. ...
The midclavicular line (or midclavicular plane) is a vertical line crossing through the clavicle. ...
Additional images Section of the heart showing the ventricular septum. (Bicuspid valve visible at center.) Image File history File links Gray498. ...
Interventricular septum: The stout wall separating the lower chambers (the ventricles) of the heart from one another. ...
| Front of thorax, showing surface relations of bones, lungs (purple), pleura (blue), and heart (red outline). Heart valves are labeled with "B", "T", "A", and "P". Image File history File links Gray1216. ...
Diagram of a tsetse fly, showing the head, thorax and abdomen The thorax is a division of an animals body that lies between the head and the abdomen. ...
This article is about the skeletal organs. ...
The heart and lungs (from an older edition of Grays Anatomy) The lung is an organ belonging to the respiratory system and interfacing to the circulatory system of air-breathing vertebrates. ...
In anatomy, the pleural cavity is the potential space between the lungs and the chest wall. ...
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
In anatomy, the heart valves are valves in the heart that prevent blood from flowing the wrong way. ...
Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. ...
The tricuspid valve is on the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle. ...
The aortic valve is one of the valves of the heart. ...
The pulmonary valve, also known as pulmonic valve, is the semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and has three cusps. ...
|
See also - Anatomy
- Pathophysiology
- Procedures to fix the mitral valve
The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ...
Grays Fig. ...
In anatomy, the papillary muscles of the heart serve to limit the movements of the mitral and tricuspid valves. ...
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a heart valve condition marked by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. ...
Mitral regurgitation (MR), also known as mitral insufficiency, is the abnormal leaking of blood through the mitral valve, from the left ventricle into the left atrium of the heart. ...
Mitral stenosis is a narrowing of the orifice of the mitral valve of the heart. ...
Mitral valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure in which a patients mitral valve is replaced by a different valve. ...
Mitral valve repair involves the replacement of stenified vitrious fibres that have frayed off of the wall of the duct. ...
A procedure carried out under local anaesthetic, in which a ballon is passed from the right femoral vein, up the Inferior Vena Cava and into the right atrium. ...
References - ^ Stedman's/LWW 1539731
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins is a publisher primarily associated with scientific books and journals. ...
External links | Anatomy of torso, cardiovascular system: heart | | Structures | atria (interatrial septum, musculi pectinati) • ventricles (interventricular septum, trabeculae carneae, chordae tendinae, papillary muscle) • valves • cusps | | Regions | base • apex • grooves (coronary/atrioventricular, interatrial, anterior interventricula, posterior interventricular) • surfaces (sternocostal, diaphragmatic) • borders (right, left) | | Right heart | (vena cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (auricle, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of the inferior vena cava, valve of the coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (conus arteriosus, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula) → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation) | | Left heart | (pulmonary veins) → left atrium (auricle) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation) | | Layers | pericardium (sinus) • epicardium • myocardium • endocardium • cardiac skeleton (fibrous trigone, fibrous rings) | | Conduction system | Cardiac pacemaker • SA node • AV node• bundle of His • Purkinje fibers | |
Feeds |
Contact