The Model 1888 Commission Rifle (a.k.a. Gewehr 88, Judenflinte, Kommissionsgewehr) was a late 19th century German bolt-action rifle. It drew on various earlier designs and being Germanys first rifle to use a early smokeless powder, a technology recently adopted by the French. The rifle was one of many part of arms race between Germanic states and France, and in Continental Europe in general. There was also a Carbine version, the Karabiner 88. Later models were updated (G88/05 and G88/14) and would go onto serve in WWI to a limited degree. Unlike many of the rifles before and after, it was not developed by Mauser but the Arms Commission. Half opened bolt on a Winchester Model 70. ... A carbine is a firearm similar to, but generally shorter and less powerful than, a rifle or musket of a given period. ... Mauser is the common name of a German arms manufacturer, maker of a line of bolt-action rifles from the 1870s to present. ...

In 1886, fifteen years after their defeat by German forces in the Franco-Prussian War, the French Army introduced the new Lebel magazine rifle firing an (8 mm) high-velocity projectile. This made Germany’s rifle, the Mauser Model 1871, obsolete due to its large and slow 11 mm round. The practical result was that the French rifle had greater accuracy and range giving French troops a tactical advantage over the German Army. In response the German Army’s Rifle Testing Commission developed the Gewehr 88 rifle (Commission Rifle), which was adopted for service in 1888. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Carbine Lebel Mle1886/93R35 The French Lebel Model 1886 rifle, or officially Fusil dInfanterie Modèle 1886 was the first rifle designed to use smokeless gunpowder. ... The Gewehr 1871 German Mauser was the first of millions of rifles manufactured to the designs of Peter Paul and Wilhelm Mauser. ...

German Empire, 1871–1918; Adoption of the rifle included parts of modern day Poland but not Bavaria

The first step was to design a cartridge. This began by adapting a Swiss design resulting in a new 7.92 mm rimless "necked" cartridge, which featured smokeless powder. The basic design of the cartridge would be adopted for higher technology poweders, and shift to pointed 'Spitzer' bullets (though the trend was started by the French). The new round was not compatible with older rifles, and they had to be converted. This was similar to the United States change from 30-03 to 30-06. The newer round is still popular today with hunters, commonly known as the 8 mm Mauser; it remained in military service until Germany adopted the standardized NATO ammunition post WWII. The later rounds use is often confused with this earlier type. The later was not introudced on the G98 either- but rather after the turn of the century, and the G98 had to be converted. Download high resolution version (1200x1015, 27 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1200x1015, 27 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Free State of Bavaria  (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... Eight . ...

The Commission Rifle's bolt action design was a modified Mannlicher action with a few Mauser features, but it is incorrect to call it a "Mauser." The barrel design and rifling were virtually copied from the French Lebel, and the magazine was based on a popular Ferdinand Mannlicher design, which allowed for rapid reloading. The rifle has an odd appearance as the entire barrel is encased in a sheet metal tube for protection, but with the tube removed the rifle looks rather modern. However within ten years a true Mauser design would be adopted, the Gewehr 98, which was the culmination of a series of Mauser models in the 1890s. It was a superior replacement using the same ammunition with a stronger powder charge. This rifle, soon all had to go overall as Germany switched to a new pointed round after the turn of the century. These would go on to serve in WWI, though in WWII the main rifle would be the Karabiner 98k, a shortened carbine version adopted in 1935. Ferdinand Ritter von Mannlicher (born January 30, 1848 in Mainz, Germany - died January 20, 1904 in Vienna, Austria) was an engineer and small armaments designer. ... Mauser Model 98 The Gewehr 98 was the standard German infantry rifle from 1898 to 1935, when the Karabiner 98k replaced it. ... The Karabiner 98k (often abbreviated Kar98k or K98k) was a bolt-action rifle adopted as the standard infantry rifle in 1935 by the Wehrmacht, and was one of the final developments in the long line of Mauser military rifles. ...

The Commission Rifle saw field service with Germany's colonial expansion, including in China during the Boxer Rebellion, but served only as a second line weapon for German troops during WWI; however, it was used extensively by the Turkish Army even through WWII. Some early models had flaws due to rushed production; anti-Semitic factions within the German Press exploited the flaws citing a conspiracy between the rifle’s manufacturer Ludwig Loewe Company and other Jewish owned manufactures, including the firm manufacturing the smokeless powder. Thus the rifle became known derisively as the Judenflinte (Jewish Rifle). Boxer forces, 1900 photograph The Boxer Uprising (Traditional Chinese: 義和團起義; Simplified Chinese: 义和团起义; Pinyin: Yìhétuán Qǐyì; The Righteous and Harmonious Fists) or Boxer Rebellion (義和團之亂 or 義和團匪亂) was a Chinese rebellion against foreign influence in areas such as trade, politics, religion and technology that occurred in China during the final... Ludwig Loewe (born November 27, 1837 in Heiligenstadt, Germany - died September 11, 1886 in Berlin, Germany) was a German merchant, manufacturer, philanthropist and a member of the Reichstag. ...

The rifle was adopted during a period of rapid development in firearms technology. Although its period as the primary official service rifle perdios was over about a dozen years, it remained in limited service for much longer. improvements. It also marked Germany's shift to a smokeless powder (but not spitzer tips), as well as providing a basis for early 1900 versions of it.