Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (b. 1703 'Uyyainah العوينة, Najd, Arabia – d. 1792 al-Dir'yah) is the most famous scholar of the fundamentalist movement within Islam known as the Wahhabi movement and after whom the movement is named. He considered this movement an effort to purify Islam by returning all Muslims to what he believed were the original principles of Islam, as typified by the as-salaf as-saliheen, the earliest converts to Islam, by rejecting what he regarded as corruptions introduced by Bida (innovation, reformation) and Shirk (idolatry). Events February 2 - Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - Earthquake in Norcia, Italy May 27 - Founding of St Petersburg in Russia May 26 - Portugal joins Grand Alliance July 29-31 - Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the... Najd (Nejd) is a region in central Saudi Arabia and the location of the nations capital, Riyadh. ... The term the Middle East sometimes applies to the peninsula alone, but usually refers to the Arabian Peninsula plus the Levant, Mesopotamia, and Iran. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The phrase Islamic fundamentalism is primarily used in the West to describe Islamist groups. ... Islam (Arabic al-islām الإسلام,  listen) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Wahhabism (sometimes spelled Wahabbism or Wahabism) is a movement of Islam named after Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703–1792). ... Islam (Arabic al-islām الإسلام,  listen) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Definition of Bidah. ... Shirk, for the purposes of this article, is the Islamic concept of the sin of idolatry. ...

He also revived interest in the works of Ibn Taymiya; those who follow the "revival" that he advocated are often referred to as Salafis. Abu al-Abbas Taqi al-Din Ahmad ibn Abd al-Salaam ibn Abdullah ibn Taymiya al-Harrani (أبو عباس تقي الدين أحمد بن عبد السلام بن عبد الله ابن تيمية الحراني,‎ 1263-1328), was a jurist, reformer, preacher, scholar, exegete of Islam. ... A Salafi (Arabic سلفي lit. ...

Biography

Ibn Abd Al-Wahhab was educated in Medina (part of modern Saudi Arabia), and travelled in Iraq and later, Iran. It was in Iran that he began preaching against the Sufi Muslims then predominant in the region. This article is about the Saudi city of Medina. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ...

After his return to Medina he wrote his Kitab at-tawhid[1] (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/tawheed/abdulwahab/) (Arabic: "Book of Monotheism", 1736), which became a reference text for the Wahhabi sect of Islam. His teachings led to a controversy which resulted in him being expelled; he moved onto the city of Ad-Dir'iyah. Arabic is a Semitic language, closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... Events January 26 - Stanislaus I of Poland abdicates his throne. ... Wahhabism (sometimes spelled Wahabbism or Wahabism) is a movement of Islam named after Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703–1792). ...

Alliance with Ibn Saud

An alliance between Ibn Abd al-Wahhab and Muhammad bin Saud caused Wahhabbism to spread in areas that Ibn Saud conquered. Muhammad bin Saud (d. ...

Beliefs and practices

See Wahhabism for details. Wahhabism (sometimes spelled Wahabbism or Wahabism) is a movement of Islam named after Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703–1792). ...

Influence and legacy

Ibn Abd al-Wahhab is viewed as a reformer by those who follow the Wahhabi sect of Islam. Saudi Arabia's official religion is Islam according to Ibn Abd al-Wahhab's interpretation. Ibn Abd al-Wahhab's writings have also influenced the fundamentalist ideology of Takfir wal-Hijra. Islam (Arabic al-islām الإسلام,  listen) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Takfir wal-Hijra was founded as an Egyptian terrorist group in the 1960s. ...

He is referred to as a Hadith-Rejector by most scholars of the four main maddhabs, and his teachings denouncing all other forms of Islam as Shirk and Bidat have led to a violent and intolerant stream of Islam streaming, in particular, out of Saudi Arabia. The Hadith (الحديث, pl. ... Madhhab(مذهب) (Madhahib, pl) is an Islamic term that refers to a school of thought or religious jurisprudence (fiqh) within Sunni Islam. ...

Some critics, such as Ibn Dawud, have referred to him as "The Father of Islamic terrorism".

External links

• [http://thewahhabimyth.com

The Wahhabi Myth (2nd Edition) - Dispelling Prevalent Fallacies and the Fictitious Link with Bin Laden By Haneef James Oliver]

• THE DOCTRINE OF AHL AL-SUNNA VERSUS THE "SALAFI" MOVEMENT (http://www.sunnah.org/publication/fajr/fajr.htm) – Especially beginning at the section "The Origin of the Wahabi Sect"
• Britannica Concise Encyclopedia (http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article?eu=407521)
• Ibn Abdul Wahhab, his life and mission (http://www.ahya.org/amm/modules.php?name=Sections&op=viewarticle&artid=180) – by Abdul Aziz Ibn Baz
• The Movement of Muhammad Ibn Abdul Wahhab (http://www.islamland.org/articles1/dawn.htm)
• Relationship between Ibn Taymiyyah and Ibn Abdul Wahhab (http://islamicweb.com/beliefs/creed/wahhab.htm) – from a sympathetic site
• Wahhabi article in 1911 Encyclopedia (http://3.1911encyclopedia.org/W/WA/WAHHABIS.htm)
• Full Text of Kitab Al Tawhid by Ibn Abdul Wahhab (http://islamicweb.com/beliefs/creed/abdulwahab/)
• Information by Saudi American Forum (http://www.saudi-american-forum.org/Newsletters2004/SAF_Item_Of_Interest_WahhabiIslam2.htm)
• by Liberal Islam Network (http://islamlib.com/en/page.php?page=article&id=485)

See also: Islam, Islamist, Wahhabism Islam (Arabic al-islām الإسلام,  listen) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Islamism is a political ideology derived from the conservative religious views of Muslim fundamentalism. ... Wahhabism (sometimes spelled Wahabbism or Wahabism) is a movement of Islam named after Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703–1792). ...