Mondlango, also known as Ulango, is an international auxiliary language similar to Esperanto with a greater English influence. It was initially authored by He Yafu in 2002. An international auxiliary language (sometimes abbreviated as IAL or auxlang) is a language used (or to be used in the future) for communication between people from different nations who do not share a common native language. ... Esperanto flag Esperanto is the most widely spoken constructed international language. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... 2002 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Ulango and Mondlango are the same language with different names. The word Ulango is the short for "La Universa Lango" which means "The Universal Language". The name "Mondlango" means "world language".

Alphabet

There are 26 letters in the Mondlango alphabet:

Vowels

• A, a
• E, e
• I, i
• O, o
• U, u

Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ...

Consonants

• B, b
• C, c
• D, d
• F, f
• G, g
• H, h
• J, j
• K, k
• L, l
• M, m
• N, n
• P, p
• Q, q
• R, r
• S, s
• T, t
• V, v
• X, x
• Z, z

See also consonance in music. ...

Semivowels

• W, w
• Y, y

Semivowels can be combined with vowels to form diphthongs, such as ay[ai], ey[ei], oy[oi], aw[au], ow[ou]. Semivowels (sometimes called semiconsonants) are vowels that function as consonants. ... In phonetics, a diphthong (in Greek δίφθογγος) is a vowel combination usually involving a quick but smooth movement from one vowel to another, often interpreted by listeners as a single vowel sound or phoneme. ...

Notes

1. In Mondlango, the letter c is pronounced ch as in "church".
2. In Mondlango, the letter x is pronounced sh as in "ship".
3. The letter q is only used for spelling proper names.

Grammar

Definite article

There is only one article in Mondlango — the definite article la. The usage of la is similar to that of "the" in English. La is the same for singular and plural and for all genders. Definite Article is the title of British comedian Eddie Izzards 1996 performance released on video and CD. The video/DVD and CD performances were both recorded on different nights at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, England. ... The word singular may refer to one of several concepts. ... Plural is a grammatical number, typically referring to more than one of the referent in the real world. ... In linguistics, grammatical genders, also called noun classes, are classes of nouns reflected in the behavior of associated words; every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be very few which belong to several classes at once (Hockett 1958: 231). ...

Nouns

Nouns end in -o: libro → book, domo → house.

Adjectives

Adjectives end in -a: guda → good, biga → big.

Adverbs

Adverbs are mostly derived from adjectives by changing the ending to -e. Examples: guda → good, gude → well, vera → true, vere → truly.

Verbs

• Verbs in the infinitive end in -i: iri = to go, vidi = to see.
• The present tense is formed by replacing -i by -an: iran = go, vidan = see.
• The past tense is formed with the ending -in: irin = went, vidin = saw.
• The future tense is formed with the ending -on: iron = will go, vidon = will see.
• The conditional uses the ending -uz: If mi esuz yi. = If I were you.
• The imperative ending is -ez: Venez! = Come!

Pronouns

• Singular pronouns: mi = I, yi = you, hi = he, xi = she, ji = it, li = he or she
• Plural pronouns: mu, yu, hu, xu, ju, lu
• Possessive adjectives are formed by adding the ending -a to the personal pronouns: mia = my, hia = his, mua = our, hua = their

Numerals

• Cardinal numbers: un, bi, tri, kwar, kwin, siks, sep, ok, nev, dek, dek-un, dek-bi,..., bidek, bidek-un, ..., tridek,...,cent, mil, milion, bilion
• Ordinal numbers are formed by adding the ending -u to the cardinal numbers: unu=first, biu=second, triu=third.

Prepositions

en = in, al = to, sur = on, etc.

Conjunctions

ay = and, or = or, if = if, sed = but, etc.

Syntax

The basic word order is subject-verb-object. In linguistic typology, subject-verb-object (SVO) is the sequence subject verb object in neutral expressions: Sam ate oranges. ...

External links

• Mondlango (English version)
• Mondlango (Chinese version)
• Mondlango-group
• Mondlango-forum (Chinese)