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Encyclopedia > Mongolian Wild Ass
Mongolian Wild Ass

Mongolian Wild Ass
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: Equidae
Genus: Equus
Species: E. hemionus
Subspecies: E. h. hemionus
Trinomial name
Equus hemionus hemionus
Pallas, 1775

The Mongolian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus hemionus, also called Khulan) is a subspecies of the Onager. It may be synonymous with the Gobi Kulan or Dziggetai subspecies (Equus hemionus luteus).[1] It is found in Mongolia and northern China, and was previously found in Kazakhstan before it became extinct due to hunting.[2] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 528 pixelsFull resolution (3639 × 2403 pixel, file size: 1. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn3. ... This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Typical Classes Subphylum Urochordata - Tunicates Ascidiacea Thaliacea Larvacea Subphylum Cephalochordata - Lancelets Subphylum Myxini - Hagfishes Subphylum Vertebrata - Vertebrates Petromyzontida - Lampreys Placodermi (extinct) Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Acanthodii (extinct) Actinopterygii - Ray-finned fishes Actinistia - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Amphibia - Amphibians Reptilia - Reptiles Aves - Birds Mammalia - Mammals Chordates (phylum Chordata) include the vertebrates, together with... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals (class Mammalia) are warm-blooded, vertebrate animals characterized by the presence of sweat glands, including those that produce milk, and by the presence of: hair, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex... Families Equidae Tapiridae Rhinocerotidae The odd-toed ungulates or Perissodactyla are large to very large browsing and grazing mammals with relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. ... Species - Donkey - African Wild Ass - Domestic Horse - Wild Horse - Grevys Zebra - Onager - Kiang - Plains Zebra - Cape Mountain Zebra - Hartmanns Mountain Zebra Equidae is the family of horse-like animals, order Perissodactyla. ... Species - Donkey - African Wild Ass - Domestic Horse - Wild Horse - Grevys Zebra - Onager - Kiang - Plains Zebra - Cape Mountain Zebra - Hartmanns Mountain Zebra Equidae is the family of horse-like animals, order Perissodactyla. ... Binomial name Equus hemionus Pallas, 1775 The onager (Equus hemionus) is a large mammal belonging to the horse family and native to the deserts of Syria, Iran, Pakistan, India, Israel, and Tibet (China). ... Trinomial nomenclature is a taxonomic naming system that extends the standard system of binomial nomenclature by adding a third taxon. ... Peter Simon Pallas (September 22, 1741 - September 8, 1811) was a German-born Russian zoologist. ... Binomial name Equus hemionus Pallas, 1775 The onager (Equus hemionus) is a large mammal belonging to the horse family and native to the deserts of Syria, Iran, Pakistan, India, Israel, and Tibet (China). ... This article is about the hunting of prey by human society. ...


The Mongolian Wild Ass's distribution range was dramatically reduced during the 1990s. A 1994-1997 survey estimated its population size at 33,000 to 63,000 individuals over a continuous distribution range encompassing all of southern Mongolia.[3] In 2003, a new survey found approximately 20,000 individuals over an area of 177,563 km² in southern Mongolia.[4] The population estimates of the Mongolia population should be treated with caution due to a lack of proven survey protocols.[5][6] Despite that, the subspecies lost about 50% of its former distribution range in Mongolia in the past 70 years. In biology, the range of an species is the geographical area within which that species can be found. ... In population genetics and population ecology, population size (usually denoted N) is the number of individual organisms in a population. ...


The population is declining due to poaching and competition from grazing livestock and the conservation status of the species is evaluated as vulnerable.[1] Since 1953, the Mongolian Wild Ass has been fully protected in Mongolia. The subspecies is also listed at appendix I of the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and was added to appendix II of the Convention of Migratory Species in 2002.[7] However, due to human population growth in conjunction with severe winters in the past years [8], the number of conflicts between herders and Mongolian Wild Ass's appear on the increase. For other uses, see Poaching (disambiguation). ... Competition is the act of striving against others for the purpose of achieving gain, such as income, pride, amusement, or dominance. ... Sheep are commonly bred as livestock. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ... The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement between Governments, drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the World Conservation Union (IUCN). ... A herder is a worker who lives a semi-nomadic life, caring for various domestic animals, especially in places where these animals wander unfenced pasture lands. ...


Poaching for meat appears to be an increasing problem in Mongolia. For some parts of the local population, wild ass and other wildlife meat seems to provide a substitute or even a cheap alternative to meat from domestic animals.[9] In 2005, a national survey based on questionnaires, suggested that as many as 4,500 wild asses, about 20% of the whole population, may be poached each year.[10] Moreover, political changes in the early 1990's allowed urban populations to return to nomadic land use, resulting in a sharp increase in human- and livestock numbers in many rural areas.[11][12][13] A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and other prompts for the purpose of gathering information from respondents. ... Kazakh nomads in the steppes of the Russian Empire, ca. ...


Political and socital changes have disrupted traditional land use patterns, weakened law enforcement and also changed attitudes towards the use of natural resources, e.g. making wildlife an “open access” resource.[14] It is expected that the remigration of people and their livestock will result in increased wildlife-human interactions and may well threaten the survival of rare wildlife species in the Gobi Desert. For the band, see The Police. ... The Gobi Desert lies in the territory of the Peoples Republic of China and the Country of Mongolia. ...


References

  1. ^ a b IUCN Red List Equus hemionus ssp. hemionus
  2. ^ Clark, B. and Duncan, P. 1992. Asian Wild Asses - Hemiones and Kiangs (E. hemionus Pallas and E. kiang Moorcroft). In: P. Duncan (ed.) Zebras, Asses, and Horses. An Action Plan for the Conservation of Wild Equids. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. pp. 17-21.
  3. ^ Reading, R. P., H. M. Mix, B. Lhagvasuren, C. Feh, D. P. Kane, S. Dulamtseren, and S. Enkhbold. 2001. Status and distribution of khulan (Equus hemionus) in Mongolia. Journal of Zoology, London, 254:381-389.
  4. ^ Mongolian Ministry of Nature and Environment. 2003. Status and distribution of the khulan in Mongolia in 2003. Unpublished report, Mongolian Ministry of Nature and Environment, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  5. ^ Buckland, S.T., D.R. Anderson, K.P. Burnham, J.L. Laake, D.L. Borchers and L. Thomas. 2001. Introduction to Distance Sampling. 432pp. Oxford University Press, Oxford UK and New York USA.
  6. ^ Kaczensky P. and C. Walzer. 2002a, 2002b, 2003a, 2003b. Przewalski horses, wolves and khulans in Mongolia. Bi-annual progress reports. available from: www.takhi.org
  7. ^ CMS 2002. Convention on Migratory Species. Appendix II.
  8. ^ United Nations Disaster Management Team (UNDMT): National Civil Defence and State Emergency Commission Ulaanbaatar. 2000. DZUD 2000-Mongolia: An evolving ecological, social and economic disaster: A rapid needs assessment report. United Nations Disaster Management Team (UNDMT): National Civil Defence and State Emergency Commission Ulaanbaatar
  9. ^ P. Kaczensky & O. Gambatar unpubl. Data
  10. ^ J. Wingard unpubl. data
  11. ^ Fernandez-Gimenez, M. E. 1999. Sustaining the Steppes: A Geographical History of Pastoral Land Use in Mongolia. Geographical Revue, 89(3):315-342.
  12. ^ Bedunah, D. J. and S. M. Schmidt. 2004. Pastoralism and protected area management in Mongolia's Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park. Development and Change, 35(1):167-191.
  13. ^ Mearns, R., D. Shombodon, G. Narangerel, U. Tuul, A. Enkhamgalan, B. Myagmarzhav, A. Bayanjargal, and B. Bekhsuren. 1994. Natural resource mapping and seasonal variations and stresses in Mongolia. RRA Notes, 20:95-105.
  14. ^ Pratt, D. G., D. C. MacMillan, and I. J. Gordon. 2004. Local community attitudes to wildlife utilisation in the changing economic and social context of Mongolia. Biodiversity and Conservation, 13:591–613.

  Results from FactBites:
 
Onager - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (300 words)
It is sometimes known as the Half Ass or the Asian Wild Ass.
Syrian Wild Ass, (Equus hemionus hemippus Geoffroy, 1855).
Onager (Asiatic wild ass)- Photo from the Hai-Bar Wildlife Preserve in Israel.
Mongolian Wild Ass - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (782 words)
The Mongolian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus hemionus, also called Khulan) is a wild equid found in Mongolia and northern China.
The distribution range of the Asiatic wild ass has undergone a dramatic decline and the remnant populations are predominantly small.
Although conservation areas have been established to protect the wild ass in parts of the gobi region, these protected areas cover only a small portion of the area over which these nomadic animals move in search of water and pastures.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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