A Mongolian Spot, Mongolian Fleck or Mongolian Blue Spot is a benign flat congenital birthmark with wavy borders and irregular shape, most common among Asians and Turks, and named after Mongolians. It is also extremely prevalent among East Africans and Native Americans.^[1][2] It normally disappears three to five years after birth and almost always by puberty.^[3] The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). ... // C00-D48 - Neoplasms (C00-C14) Malignant neoplasms, lip, oral cavity and pharynx (C00) Malignant neoplasm of lip (C01) Malignant neoplasm of base of tongue (C02) Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of tongue (C03) Malignant neoplasm of gum (C04) Malignant neoplasm of floor of mouth (C05) Malignant neoplasm of... The International League of Dermatological Societies (ILDS) is a non-governmental organization affiliated with the World Health Organization. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... The Disease Bold textDatabase is a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms, and medications. ... eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ... Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ... Look up Benign in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A congenital disorder is any medical condition that is present at birth. ... A birthmark is a blemish on the skin formed before birth. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ...  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  geographic, including above East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ... Native Americans redirects here. ... Puberty refers to the process of physical changes by which a childs body becomes an adult body capable of reproduction. ...

Origin

The Mongolian spot is a congenital developmental condition exclusively involving the skin. The blue colour is caused by melanocytes, melanin-containing cells, that are deep under the skin.^[2] Usually, as multiple spots or one large patch, it covers one or more of the lumbosacral area (lower back), the buttocks, flanks, and shoulders.^[2] It results from the entrapment of melanocytes in the dermis during their migration from the neural crest to the epidermis during embryonic development.^[2] A congenital disorder is any medical condition that is present at birth. ... For other uses, see Skin (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Broadly, melanin is any of the polyacetylene, polyaniline, and polypyrrole blacks and browns or their mixed copolymers. ... Illustration of a human back from Grays Anatomy. ... Bith buttocks. ... Flank is a word which might mean any of several different things: A flank is the side of either a horse or a military unit. ... This article is about the body part. ... The dermis is a layer of skin beneath the epidermis that consists of connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. ... The neural crest, a component of the ectoderm, is one of several ridgelike clusters of cells found on either side of the neural tube in vertebrate embryos. ... Cross-section of all skin layers Optical Coherence Tomography tomogram of fingertip, depicting stratum corneum (~500µm thick) with stratum disjunctum on top and stratum lucidum (connection to stratum spinosum) in the middle. ... For other uses, see Embryo (disambiguation). ...

The condition is not linked to sex; and male and female infants are equally predisposed to Mongolian spot. The spots are harmless.^[2]

Among those who are not aware of the background of the Mongolian spots, it may sometimes be mistaken for a bruise.^[4]

Prevalance

Mongolian spot is most prevalent among Mongols and other Asian groups, such as the Chinese, Koreans, Japanese, Vietnamese, etc. Nearly all East Asian infants are born with one or more Mongolian spots. The incidence of Mongolian spot among East Asian infants is 95-100%.^[1] It is also common if only one of the parents is East Asian. For other uses, see Mongols (disambiguation). ... Asian may refer to: Of, or relating to, the continent of Asia. ... East Asia is a subregion of Asia. ...

Among East African infants it is found at rates between 90-95%, and 85-90% of Native American infants.^[1]  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  geographic, including above East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ... Native Americans redirects here. ...

The incidence among Caucasians, that is, the indigenous peoples of Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and the Indian subcontinent (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka) is between 1-10%.^[1] For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...  Northern Africa (UN subregion)  geographic, including above North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa. ... Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ...

Additionally, there is an incidence of 50-70% among Hispanics,^[1] presumably as a result of the Native American admixture found in mestizos (people of mixed European and Native American ancestry) who comprise the largest racial group among Hispanics. Hispanic flag, not widely used. ... Language(s) Predominantly Spanish, (with a minority of other languages), while Mestiços speaks Portuguese Religion(s) Christianity (Predominantly Roman Catholic, with a minority of Protestant and other Religions) Related ethnic groups European (mostly Spanish, Portuguese, French and Italian), Amerindian people, Austronesian people, Hispanics and Latinos Mestizo (Portuguese: Mestiço... The European peoples are the various nations and ethnic groups of Europe. ...

See also

Anatolian bump An Anatolian bump is a protuberance on the back of the skull said to be related to Asian, Central-Asian & Melungeon ancestry, not to be confused with an external occipital protuberance. ...

References