Mont Blanc - Monte Bianco
Mont Blanc and Dôme du Goûter
Elevation	4,808 metres (15,774 feet)
Location	Italy-France
Range	Graian Alps
Prominence	4,695 m ranked 11th
Coordinates	45°50′1″N, 6°51′54″E
First ascent	August 8, 1786 by Jacques Balmat and Michel-Gabriel Paccard
Easiest route	Basic snow/ice climb

Mont Blanc (French for white mountain) or Monte Bianco (Italian, same meaning) also known as "La Dame Blanche" (French, the white lady), in the Alps, is the highest mountain in Western Europe.^[1] Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 579 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... A topographical summit is a point on a surface which is higher in elevation than all points immediately adjacent to it. ... The Himalaya as seen from the International Space Station A mountain range is a group of mountains bordered by lowlands or separated from other mountain ranges by passes or rivers. ... The chief peaks of the Graian Alps, from the Mont Cenis to the Little St Bernard Pass, are usually divided into three groups, the Central (the watershed between the two passes named), the Western or French, and the Eastern or Italian; in the following lists the initials C, W, and... In topography, prominence, also known as autonomous height, relative height or shoulder drop (in America) or prime factor (in Europe), is a concept used in the categorization of hills and mountains, also known as peaks. ... The metre, or meter (U.S.), is a measure of length. ... This is a list of peaks by prominence; that is, a list of mountains on Earth ordered by their topographic prominence. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... In climbing, a first ascent (FA) is the first climb to reach the top of a mountain, or the first to follow a particular climbing route. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jacques Balmat Jacques Balmat, called le Mont Blanc (1762, Chamonix valley - 1834, Sixt valley) was a French mountain guide. ... Michel Gabriel Paccard (° 1757 - † 1827 à Chamonix) was a French doctor. ... Southern and northern Mount Everest climbing routes as seen from the International Space Station. ... The West face of the Petit Dru above the Chamonix valley near the Mer de Glace. ... A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ...

The mountain lies between the regions of Aosta Valley, Italy and Haute-Savoie, France. The location of the summit itself is a subject of controversy between some people of the two countries, and each tends to place it within its own boundaries on maps. In a convention between France and Kingdom of Sardinia, in Turin (1861), the border ^[2] was fixed on the highest point of Mont Blanc and this was the last official definition of this border, but often the French maps do not respect this solution. The Aosta Valley (in Arpitan: Val dOuta, French: Vallée dAoste, Italian: Valle dAosta) is a mountainous and very silly and smelly region in north-western Italy. ... Haute-Savoie is a French département, named after the Alps mountain range. ... A topographical summit is a point on a surface which is higher in elevation than all points immediately adjacent to it. ... MAPS could refer to: Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies Mail Abuse Prevention System Multi-jurisdictional Automated Preclearance System This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Kingdom of Sardinia, in 1839: Mainland Piedmont, with Savoia upper left (pink) and Nizza (Nice) lower left (brown) both now French, and Sardinia in the inset. ... Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: Turin) is a major industrial city as well as a business and cultural center in northwest Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ...

The two most famous towns near Mont Blanc are Chamonix, in Haute-Savoie, France (site of the first Winter Olympic Games in 1924) and Courmayeur, in the Aosta Valley in Italy. Panorama of Chamonix valley Chamonix-Mont-Blanc or, more commonly, Chamonix is a town and commune in eastern France, in the Haute-Savoie département, at the foot of Mont Blanc. ... An athlete carries the Olympic torch The Winter Olympic Games or the Olympic Winter Games, are a winter multi-sport event held every four years. ... The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games, were held in 1924 in Chamonix, France. ... Courmayeur is an Italian ski town at the foot of Mont Blanc, the tallest mountain in Europe. ...

Begun in 1957 and completed in 1965, the 11.6 km (7¼ mile) Mont Blanc Tunnel runs beneath the mountain between these two cities and is one of the major trans-Alpine transport routes. km redirects here. ... A mile is a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including Imperial units, United States customary units and Norwegian/Swedish mil. ... Sculpture in France at the tunnels northwestern exit. ...

The Mont Blanc massif is popular for mountaineering, hiking, and skiing. In geology, a massif is a section of a planets crust that is demarcated by faults or flexures. ... Mountaineering is the sport, hobby or profession of walking, hiking and climbing up mountains. ... Two hikers in the Mount Hood National Forest Eagle Creek hiking Hiking is a form of walking, undertaken with the specific purpose of exploring and enjoying the scenery. ... Deep powder skiing Alpine skier carving a turn on piste Members of the U.S. Air Force skiing (and snowboarding) at Keystone Resorts 14th Annual SnoFest This article is about snow skiing. ...

History of Mont Blanc

First ascents

The first recorded ascent of Mont Blanc was on August 8, 1786 by Jacques Balmat and the doctor Michel Paccard. This climb, initiated by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, who gave a reward for the successful ascent, traditionally marks the start of modern mountaineering. The first woman to reach the summit was Marie Paradis in 1808. United States president to-be Theodore Roosevelt also led an expedition, reaching the summit while on his honeymoon in 1886. August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jacques Balmat Jacques Balmat, called le Mont Blanc (1762, Chamonix valley - 1834, Sixt valley) was a French mountain guide. ... Michel Gabriel Paccard (° 1757 - † 1827 à Chamonix) was a French doctor. ... Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (February 17, 1740 - January 22, 1799) was a Swiss physicist and Alpine traveller. ... Marie Paradis was the first woman to reach the summit of Mont Blanc, the highest mountain of western Europe, in 1808. ... Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. ...

Now the summit is ascended by an average 20,000 mountaineer-tourists each year and could be considered an easy, yet long, ascent for someone who is well trained and used to the altitude. This impression is reinforced by the fact that from l'Aiguille du Midi (where the cable car stops) Mont Blanc seems quite close, being merely 1000 m higher. Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... Aiguille du Midi Mont Blanc and part of the Aiguille Aiguille du Midi (In English: Needle of the South) is a 3842m rocky outcrop in the Mont Blanc mountain range in the French Alps. ...

However every year the Mont Blanc massif takes many victims, and in peak weekends (normally around August) the local rescue service flies an average of 12 missions, mostly directed towards people in trouble on one of the normal routes of the mountain. These are courses that require knowledge of high-altitude mountaineering, a guide (or at least a veteran mountaineer), and proper equipment. It is a long course that includes delicate passages and the hazard of rock slides. Also, at least one night at the refuge is required to get used to the altitude; less could lead to altitude sickness and possible death. In geology, a massif is a section of a planets crust that is demarcated by faults or flexures. ... Rescue refers to operations that usually involve the saving of life, or prevention of injury. ... Altitude sickness, also known as acute mountain sickness (AMS) or altitude illness is a pathological condition that is caused by acute exposure to high altitudes. ...

Who owns the summit of Mont Blanc?

Flight over Mont Blanc in early November, on a Paris-Turin commercial flight. A makeshift hut is clearly visible on the crest.

Since the French Revolution this question has spurred many debates. Before this event the whole mountain was in the Kingdom of Sardinia for several centuries. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (860x1111, 371 KB) Flight over the Mont Blanc, on a Paris-Turin flight. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (860x1111, 371 KB) Flight over the Mont Blanc, on a Paris-Turin flight. ... Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region ÃŽle-de-France Department Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand Delanoë  (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land area¹ 86. ... Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: Turin) is a major industrial city as well as a business and cultural center in northwest Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... The French Revolution (1789–1799) was a vital period in the history of France and Europe as a whole. ... Kingdom of Sardinia, in 1839: Mainland Piedmont, with Savoia upper left (pink) and Nizza (Nice) lower left (brown) both now French, and Sardinia in the inset. ...

The first treaty to define a border in the region is dated May 15, 1796. In this treaty the Sardinian king was forced by Napoleon to cede Savoie and Nice's territories to the French Republic, and in article 4 of this treaty it says: "The border between the Sardinian kingdom and the departements of the French Republic will be established on a line determined by the most advanced points on the Piedmont side, of the summits, peaks of mountains and other locations subsequently mentioned, as well as the intermediary peaks, knowing: starting from the point where the borders of Faucigny, the Duchy of Aoust and the Valais, to the extremity of the glaciers or the Monts-Maudits: first the peaks or plateaus of the Alps, to the rising edge of the Col-Mayor". This act is even more confusing, because it states that the border should be visible from the town of Chamonix and Courmayeur. The summit is not visible from Courmayeur, because part of the mountain lower down obscures it. Already inaccurate at the time, this treaty is no longer valid, because it was replaced by a later legal act. May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... 1796 was a leap year starting on Friday. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Savoie is a French département located in the Alps. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Piedmont (Italian: Piemonte) is a region of northwestern Italy. ... Faucigny was a region in Savoy containing the modern Haute Savoie département of France, including the communes of Chamonix, Argentiere, and Les Houches. ... In the mid-13th century the Hohenstaufen Emperor Frederick II made the County of Aosta (the Valle dAosta) a duchy, and its arms were carried in the Savoia arms until the reunification of Italy, 1870. ... The Valais (German:  ) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the south-western part of the country, in the Pennine Alps around the valley of the Rhone River from its springs to Lake Geneva. ... Panorama of Chamonix valley Chamonix-Mont-Blanc or, more commonly, Chamonix is a town and commune in eastern France, in the Haute-Savoie département, at the foot of Mont Blanc. ... Courmayeur is an Italian ski town at the foot of Mont Blanc, the tallest mountain in Europe. ...

This act was signed in Turin on March 24, 1860 by Napoleon III and Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy, and deals with the annexation of Savoie. A demarcation agreement, signed on March 7, 1861, defines the "new border". Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: Turin) is a major industrial city as well as a business and cultural center in northwest Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (84th in leap years). ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808 - January 9, 1873) was the son of King Louis Bonaparte and Queen Hortense de Beauharnais; both monarchs of the French puppet state, the Kingdom of Holland. ... King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy Victor Emmanuel II (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820—January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia from 1849–1861, and King of Italy from 1861 until his death in 1878. ... Savoie is a French département located in the Alps. ... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in leap years). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

One of the prints from the Sarde Atlas,^[2] made in 1823 and positions the border exactly on the summital edge of the mountain (and measures it to be 4,804 m high.

The convention of March 7, 1861 recognizes this, through an attached map, but takes into consideration the limits of the massif, and draws the border on the icecap of the Mont Blanc, and therefore makes it both French and Italian. Watershed analysis of modern topographic mapping not only places the main summit on the border, but also suggests that the border should follow a line northwards from the main summit towards Mont Maudit, leaving the south east ridge to Mont Blanc de Courmayeur wholly within Italy. March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in leap years). ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

Despite the fact that the Franco-Italian border was redefined in both 1947 and 1963, the commission, made up of both Italians and French, tactfully ignored the Mont Blanc issue.

The Vallot cabin

The first real scientific investigations on the summit were conducted by the botanist-meteorologist Joseph Vallot at the end of the 19th century. He wanted to stay near the top of the summit, so he had to build his own permanent cabin. Botany is the scientific study of plant life. ... Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Janssen Observatory

In 1891, Pierre Janssen, a scientific academic, envisaged the construction of an observatory at the summit of Mont Blanc. Gustave Eiffel agreed to take on the project, provided he could find strong foundations. The Swiss surveyor Imfeld dug down 15 m but found nothing solid, so Eiffel gave up. Pierre Jules César Janssen (February 22, 1824 – December 23, 1907) was a French astronomer who in 1868 discovered how to observe solar prominences without an eclipse. ... MolÄ—tai Astronomical Observatory An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial and/or celestial events. ... Gustave Eiffel. ...

Despite this, the observatory was built in 1893. Levers attached to the ice supported the observatory. This worked to some extent until 1906, when the building started leaning heavily. The movement of the levers corrected the lean slightly, but three years later (two years after Jannsen’s death) a crevasse started opening under the observatory and it was abandoned. Eventually the building fell, and only the tower could be saved in extremis.

The altitude of Mont Blanc

The Mer de Glace glacier can be seen slowly streaming down the flanks of Mont Blanc on the left side of the image

The summit of Mont Blanc is a thick, perennial ice and snow dome whose thickness varies, so no exact and permanent summit altitude can be determined. But accurate measurements have been made. Image File history File links Mont_Blanc_003. ... Image File history File links Mont_Blanc_003. ...

For a long time its official altitude was 4,807 m. Then in 2002, the IGN and expert surveyors, with the aid of GPS technology, measured it to be 4,810.40 m. The metre, or meter (U.S.), is a measure of length. ... The Institut géographique national (English: National geographic institute) or IGN is a French public state administrative establishment, whose task is to produce and maintain geographical information for France and its overseas departments and territories. ... Over fifty GPS satellites such as this NAVSTAR have been launched since 1978. ... The metre, or meter (U.S.), is a measure of length. ...

After the 2003 heatwave in Europe, a team of scientists re-measured the height on the 6^th and 7^th of September. The team was made up of the glaciologist Luc Moreau, two surveyors from the GPS Company, three people from the IGN, seven expert surveyors, four mountain guides from Chamonix and Saint-Gervais and four students from various institutes in France. This team noted that the altitude was 4,808.45 m, and the peak was 75 cm away from where it had been in 2002. The summer of 2003 was one of the hottest on record in Europe; this led to a health crisis in certain countries as well as considerable impact on crops. ... The Institut géographique national (English: National geographic institute) or IGN is a French public state administrative establishment, whose task is to produce and maintain geographical information for France and its overseas departments and territories. ... Panorama of Chamonix valley Chamonix-Mont-Blanc or, more commonly, Chamonix is a town and commune in eastern France, in the Haute-Savoie département, at the foot of Mont Blanc. ... A centimetre (American spelling centimeter, symbol cm) is a unit of length that is equal to one hundredth of a metre, the current SI base unit of length. ...

After these results were published, more than 500 points were measured, to assess the effects of climate change, and the fluctuations in the height of the mountain at different points. From then on the altitude of the mountain has been measured every two years.

The interpretation that the heatwave had caused this fluctuation is disputed, because the heatwave is known not to have significantly affected the glaciers above 4000 m. The height and position of the summit could have been moved by general glacial forces. At this altitude, the temperatures rarely rise above 0°C. During the summer of 2003, the temperature did rise to 2°C, and even 3°C, but this would not have been enough for the ice, which stayed at -15°C, to melt. Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... Celsius relates to the Celsius or centrigrade temperature scale. ...

The summit was measured again in 2005, and the results of were published on 16 December 2005. The height was found to be 4,808.75 m, 30 cm more than the previous recorded height.

The actual rock summit is at 4,792 m, and is 40 m away from the ice-covered summit.

Mont Blanc climbing routes

There are a few 'classic' climbing routes of Mont Blanc:

• The most popular route to climb Mont Blanc is The Voie des Cristalliers, also known as Voie Royale. Starting from Saint-Gervais the Tramway du Mont-Blanc (TMB) is taken to get to the Nid d'Aigle. The ascent then begins in the direction of the Tête Rouge cabin and then through the Goûter Corridor, considered very dangerous because of frequent rock-falls, leading to Goûter cabin for night shelter. The next day the route leads to the Dôme du Goûter, the Vallot cabin and L'arrête des Bosses.

• La Voie des 3 Monts is also known as La Traversée. Starting from Chamonix, the Téléphérique de l'Aiguille du Midi is taken towards the Col du Midi. The Cosmiques cabin is used to spend the night. The next day the ascent continues through Mont Blanc du Tacul and Mont Maudit.

• The historic itinerary through the Grand Mulets, which is most frequently traversed in winter by skis or in summer to go down to Chamonix.

• The normal Italian itinerary is also known as La route des Aiguilles Grises. After crossing the Miage glacier, the night is spent at the Gonella cabin. The next day proceeds through the Col des Aiguilles Grises and then the Dôme du Goûter, concluding at L'arrête des Bosses.

• The Miage - Bionnassay - Mont Blanc crossing is usually done in three days. The route begins from Contamines-Montjoie, with the night spent in the Conscrits cabin. The following day, the Dômes de Miages is crossed and the night spent at the Durier cabin. The third day proceeds through l'Aiguille de Bionnassay and then the Dôme du Goûter.

From the summit of Mont Blanc on a clear day, the Jura, the Vosges, the Black Forest and the Massif Central mountain ranges can be seen, as well as the principal summits of the Alps. Panorama of Chamonix valley Chamonix-Mont-Blanc or, more commonly, Chamonix is a town and commune in eastern France, in the Haute-Savoie département, at the foot of Mont Blanc. ... Looking towards Lelex from near to Crêt de La Neige The Jura folds are located north of the main Alpine orogenic front and are being continually deformed, accommodating the northwards compression due to Alpine folding. ... Vosges is a French département, named after the Vosges mountain range. ... A map of Germany, showing the Black Forest in red. ... France, viewed from the NASA Shuttle Topography Radar Mission. ...

Exploits

• In 1960, the airplane pilot Henri Giraud landed on the summit, which is only 30 m long.
• In 1990, the Swiss Pierre-André Gobet, leaving from Chamonix, completed the ascent and descent in 5 hours, 10 minutes and 14 seconds.
• On May 30, 2003, Stéphane Brosse and Pierre Gignoux try to beat the record by ski-walking. They went up in 4 hours and 7 minutes, and came back down in 1 hour and 8 minutes. In total they did the ascent and descent in 5 hours and 15 minutes.
• On August 13, 2003 seven French hang-gliders landed on the summit. They reached a peak altitude of 5,200 m, thanks to the hot weather conditions, which provided strong hot air currents. Five had left from Planpraz, one from Rochebrune at Megève and the last one from Samoëns.

Panorama of Chamonix valley Chamonix-Mont-Blanc or, more commonly, Chamonix is a town and commune in eastern France, in the Haute-Savoie département, at the foot of Mont Blanc. ... May 30 is the 150th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (151st in leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 13 is the 225th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (226th in leap years), with 140 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Megève is a commune of the Haute-Savoie département in France. ... Samoëns is a commune of the Haute-Savoie département in France. ...

Mont Blanc in cultural works

Cinema and television

• La Terre, son visage, is a documentary by Jean-Luc Prévost and published by Édition Société national de télévision française, released in 1984. It is part of the Haroun Tazieff raconte sa terre, vol. 1 series. In it he talks about the west-east crossing of Mont Blanc.
• The film Malabar Princess.
• The television-film Premier de cordée.
• Stürme über dem Mont Blanc (Storm Over Mont Blanc, 1930) with Leni Riefenstahl and directed by Arnold Fanck.

1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Riefenstahl, 1931 Helene Bertha Amalie Leni Riefenstahl (August 22, 1902 – September 8, 2003) was a German dancer, actress, and film director widely noted for her aesthetics and advances in film technique. ... Arnold Fanck (born 6 March 1889 in Frankenthal, Germany; died 28 September 1974 in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany) was a pioneer of the German mountain film. ...

In literature

• Premier de cordée
• Hugo et le Mont Blanc by Colette Cosnie – Édition Guérin
• Frankenstein by Mary Shelley
• Mont Blanc by Percy Shelley

Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (30th August 1797-1st February 1851) was an English romantic/gothic novelist, the author of Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus. ... Percy Bysshe Shelley Percy Bysshe Shelley (August 4, 1792 - July 8, 1822) was one of the major English Romantic poets. ...

Protection of Mont Blanc

The Mont Blanc massif is being put forward as a potential World Heritage Site because of its uniqueness and its cultural importance, considered the birthplace and symbol of modern mountaineering. However not everyone shares this goal and it would require the three governments of Italy, France and Switzerland to make a request to UNESCO for it to be listed. In geology, a massif is a section of a planets crust that is demarcated by faults or flexures. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Mountaineering is the sport, hobby or profession of walking, hiking and climbing up mountains. ... UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ...

Mont Blanc is one of the most visited tourist destinations in the world, and for this reason, it is threatened. Pro-Mont Blanc (an international collective of associations for the protection of Mont Blanc) published in 2002 the book Le versant noir du mont Blanc (The black hillside of Mont Blanc), which exposes current and future problems in conserving the site.

See also

• Mont Blanc Tunnel
• Mont Blanc Tramway
• Haute Route

Sculpture in France at the tunnels northwestern exit. ... The Mont Blanc Tramway or Tramway du Mont-Blanc is a mountain railway line in the Haute-Savoie region of France. ... Part of the Haute Route; two alpinists can be seen following the trail in the snow. ...

References

The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system between the Black and Caspian seas in the Caucasus region, usually considered the southeastern limit of Europe. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1065x795, 742 KB) Old maps - 1823 - Mont Blanc/Monte Bianco : first not political border line. ...

Photo Gallery

Mont Blanc Massif (view from airplane) Image File history File linksMetadata MountBlanc02. ...

Mont Blanc (view from Aiguille du Midi) Image File history File linksMetadata MountBlanc03. ...

Mont Blanc Image File history File linksMetadata MountBlanc04. ...

Mont Blanc Area, Mer de Glace (glacier) Image File history File linksMetadata MountBlanc05. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mont Blanc

• Mount Blanc Area Photo Gallery
• Mont Blanc on TierraWiki.org
• Reasoning about the border between France and Italy by Umberto Pellazza (PDF, Italian)
• Official paper of the French surveying board (PDF)
• Mont Blanc on Peakware
• Mont Blanc on Summitpost
• Mont-blanc on dieAlpen.at - online encyclopedia of the Alps
• Mont Blanc Massif Several photos of the Mont Blanc massif including GPS coordinates of the photo locations
• Mont Blanc from Space
• Visiting Mont Blanc - in English
• Photos of Mont Blanc - Terra Galleria Taken by an alpinist on each of the five faces of the mountain
• Pictures of Mont Blanc mountain range area
• Descent Into the Ice - Companion web site to the PBS NOVA program which follows a glaciologist and an adventurer into the glacier caves of France's Mt. Blanc
• Mont Blanc from Pointe de Drône
• proMONT-BLANC English Site
• Why you might not want to climb Mont Blanc - the "mountaineering" page on this site has an informative PDF document from the local guide bureau.
• Funivie Monte Bianco
• Chamonix-Mont-Blanc Map
• Tour of Mont Blanc

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Seven Summits are the highest mountains of each of the seven (sub-)continents. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... Everest redirects here. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... The Cerro Aconcagua is located in Argentina and is the highest mountain in America and the Southern Hemisphere, as well as the highest peak outside of Asia and one of the Seven Summits. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Denali redirects here. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... For the album by The Teardrop Explodes, see Kilimanjaro (album). ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ... Mount Elbrus (Russian: Эльбрус) is a peak located in the western Caucasus mountains, in Russia, near the border of Georgia. ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ... Vinson Massif is the highest mountain of Antarctica, located about 1,200 km (750 mi) from the South Pole. ... For the fictional superstate in George Orwells novel, see Oceania (Nineteen Eighty-Four). ... Puncak Jaya, sometimes called Carstensz Pyramid, is the highest mountain in Oceania, the highest point between the Himalayas and the Andes. ... Mount Kosciuszko, located in the Snowy Mountains, in Kosciuszko National Park, is the highest mountain in mainland Australia. ...