The Moro are a multilingual ethnic group and the largest mainly non-Christian^[1] ethnic group in the Philippines, comprising about 5.25% of the total Philippine population as of 2005,^[2] making them the sixth largest ethnic group in the country. Their name originated from the Spanish word Moor, and they mostly live in a region dubbed as Bangsamoro in the southern Philippines. Due to migration, Moro communities have also begun to appear in major cities like Manila, Cebu and Baguio. Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Philippines. ... â–ˆ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control â–ˆ Historical extent This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people. ... For the capital city of the Philippines, see Manila. ... For the article on the Province of Cebu, see Cebu Province. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Malaysia. ... For other uses, see Sabah (disambiguation). ... Nickname: Motto: Maju dan makmur (English: Progress and Prosper) Location in Malaysia Coordinates: , Country State Establishment 1857 Granted city status 1974 Government  - Mayor (Datuk Bandar) Datuk Abdul Hakim Borhan From 14 December 2006 Area  - Total 243. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Indonesia. ... Map of Kalimantan (white color) and its subdivisions. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brunei. ... Language(s) Tagalog, Visayan languages, Ilocano, Tausug, other Philippine languages, English Religion(s) Predominantly Catholic; Protestantism; Iglesia Ni Cristo; Islam; Nonreligious Related ethnic groups Filipino people, Filipino American, Filipino Canadian, Filipino Australian, Filipino British, Filipino Hong Konger An Overseas Filipino is a person of Philippine origin who lives outside of... Maguindanao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Cotabato, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, and Zamboanga del Sur in the Philippines. ... Maranao is an Austronesian language spoken in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur in the Philippines. ... Tausug is spoken in Sulu province in the Philippines. ... Languages in the Philippines number more than 170 and almost all of them belong to the Western Malayo-Polynesian languages. ... Chabacano, (also Chavacano), is a Spanish creole spoken in the Philippines. ... Cebuano, also known as Sinugboanon, is an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines by about 20,000,000 people (according to Ethnologue). ... Philippine English is the variety of English used in the Philippines by the media and the vast majority of educated Filipinos. ... Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ... Islam is one of the oldest organized religions to be established in the Philippines. ... For other uses, see Lumad (disambiguation). ... Bisaya redirects here. ... Language(s) Filipino, Bikol, Cebuano, English, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Tagalog, Tausug, Waray-Waray, and over 100 others Religion(s) Predominantly Roman Catholic Various smaller Christian denominations Significant Muslim minority, Buddhist, others Related ethnic groups Dayak, Indonesian, Malaysian, and all Non-Muslim Indo-Malays Filipinos are the citizens of the... The Austronesian people are a population group in Oceania and Southeast Asia who speak or had ancestors who spoke one of the Austronesian languages. ... A multi-lingual ethnic group is an ethnic group which has various subgroups with different primary languages. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see moor. ... â–ˆ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control â–ˆ Historical extent This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people. ... For the capital city of the Philippines, see Manila. ... For the article on the Province of Cebu, see Cebu Province. ... Click here for the entry on Baguio City ...

Background

Muslims and Christians have generally remained distinct societies.

Longstanding grievances stemming from resentment due to mainsteam prejudice against them, years of governmental neglect as well as impoverishment have contributed to the roots of the Moro struggle in recent decades.

A significant change of government policy led to the 1990 creation of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, which gave Moros in the region control over certain aspects of government, but not their security and foreign affairs. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM; Rehiyong Awtonomo ng Muslim Mindanao) of the Philippines is composed of five provinces and one city namely: Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi and the Marawi City. ...

Social factors in the early 1990s contributed against the political autonomy sought by Muslim leaders. Industrial development and increased migration outside the region brought new educational demands and new roles for women. These changes in turn led to greater assimilation and, including intermarriage.

Society

"Nation"

█ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control
█ Historical extent

Main article: Bangsamoro

The "homeland" of the Moro is Bangsamoro, the word comes from the Malay word bangsa, meaning nation or people, and the word Moro. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (800x1250, 63 KB) Map of the Philippines showing the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (800x1250, 63 KB) Map of the Philippines showing the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. ... â–ˆ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control â–ˆ Historical extent This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people. ...

Bangsamoro covers the provinces of Basilan, Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Palawan, Sarangani, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, and Zamboanga Sibugay. It also includes the cities of Cotabato, Dapitan, Dipolog, General Santos, Iligan, Marawi, Pagadian, Puerto Princesa, and Zamboanga. Basilan is an island province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). ... Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao. ... Davao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. ... Lanao del Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. ... Lanao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). ... Maguindanao is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). ... Palawan is an island province of the Philippines located in the Mimaropa region. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Sarangani Region: SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII) Capital: Alabel Founded: March 10, 1917 Population: 2000 census—410,622 (58th largest) Density—138 per km² (23rd lowest) Area: 2,980. ... South Cotabato is a province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Sultan Kudarat Region: SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII) Capital: Isulan Founded: Population: 2000 census—586,505 (42nd largest) Density—124 per km² (21st highest) Area: 4,714. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Sulu Region: Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) Capital: Jolo Founded: Population: 2000 census—619,668 (40th largest) Density—387 per km² (13th highest) Area: 1,600. ... Tawi-Tawi is an island province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). ... Zamboanga del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Zamboanga del Norte Region: Zamboanga Peninsula (Region IX) Capital: Dipolog City Founded: June 23, 1635 and June 6, 1952 Population: 2000 census—823,130 (27th largest) Density—124 per km² (27th highest) Area: 6,618. ... Zamboanga del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. ... A city (lungsod, sometimes siyudad, in Filipino or Tagalog) is a tier of local government in the Philippines. ... Cotabato City is one of the cities of the Philippines located in Mindanao. ... The City of Dapitan is a 2nd class city in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. ... Nickname: Location of Dipolog City in the Province of Zamboanga del Norte island of Mindanao, in the Philippines Coordinates: , Region Province Chartered as City January 1, 1970 Government  - Mayor Evelyn Uy  - Vice-Mayor Senen Angeles  - Legislative body City Council Area  - City 52. ... Nickname: Motto: Go GenSan! Map of South Cotabato showing the location of General Santos City. ... Nickname: Map of Lanao del Norte showing the location of Iligan City. ... The Islamic City of Marawi is a 3rd class city in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. ... Pagadian City is a 1st class city in the province of Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. ... The City of Puerto Princesa (Filipino: Lungsod ng Puerto Princesa) is a first class city in the province of Palawan, Philippines. ... Officially, the City of Zamboanga (Chavacano de Zamboanga/Spanish: Ciudad de Zamboanga). ...

Government

Traditional

The Moros have traditionally been led by either a sultan or by datu. For other uses, see Sultan (disambiguation). ... Datu or datto is the title for ancient tribal chieftains and monarchs in pre-Hispanic Philippines. ...

The concept of the sultan was brought to the Philippines through Islamization. The presence of Islam, began the creation of sultanates like that of Magindanao and othat of Sulu Islamization (also spelt Islamisation, see spelling differences) or Islamification means the process of a societys conversion to the religion of Islam, or a neologism meaning an increase in observance by an already Muslim society. ... Map of Somalia including the self-proclaimed boundary of Somaliland Northern Somali sultanates In the late Nineteenth Century, two sultanates emerged and ruled Northern Somalia, an area stretching as far west to Burco from Las Khorey. ... The Sultanate of Maguindanao was a Muslim state that ruled parts of the island of Mindanao, in southern Philippines. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Meanwhile, the datu was the traditional ruler in Filipino societies. Their function was similar to the duke. In return for tribute and labor, the datu provides aid in emergencies and mediates disputes with other communities through the agamat. They may also have four wives if they wish. In the past, datus have led raids on other villages in order to seek revenge ('maratabat) for the death of a follower or the injury of his honor. This article is about the nobility title. ...

Datus currently act as the community leaders in Moro societies and administer the Sharia (Muslim law) through the agama. The datu essentially heads government programs in Moro communities, which tend to be hierarchical in rural areas. Datu or datto is the title for ancient tribal chieftains and monarchs in pre-Hispanic Philippines. ... Sharia (Arabic: transliteration: ) is the body of Islamic religious law. ...

Modern

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) is headed by a Regional Governor. The Regional Governor, along with the Regional-Vice Governor, act as the executive branch. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM; Rehiyong Awtonomo ng Muslim Mindanao) of the Philippines is composed of five provinces and one city namely: Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi and the Marawi City. ...

The ARMM has a unicameral Regional Assembly headed by a Speaker. This acts as the legislative branch for the region and is responsible for regional ordinances. It is composed of three members for every congressional district. The current membership is twenty-four. Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. ... Type Lower house Houses House of Representatives House Speaker Jose De Venecia, Jr. ...

Lifestyle

Islam has been the most dominant influence on the Moro culture. Islamic polygamous marriages are approved by public authorities while polygamy is considered illegal for non-Muslim citizens. Pork is not eaten since it considered taboo under the Qu'ran. Another practice is Islamic circumcision (tuli). However, circumcision is also very common practice among non-Muslim Filipino males. For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... This is a sub-article to Polygyny and Islamic marital jurisprudence In Islam, Polygyny is allowed, thus Muslim males can have more than one wife at the same time. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... This article is about practices and beliefs in relation to various animals as food. ... The Quran ( Arabic al-qurʾān أَلْقُرآن; its literal meaning is the recitation and is often called Al Quran Al Karim: The Noble Quran, also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... This article is about male circumcision. ...

Music

Main articles: Music of the Philippines and Kulintang

The culture of the Moro revolves around the music of the kulintang, a specific type of gong instrument, found in the Southern Philippines. This music includes original styles called the Tagonggo and the Kapanirong. The music of the Philippines is a mixture of European, American and indigenous sounds. ... Kulintang is a term for various musical instruments and musical genres which are indigenous to the South-East Asian islands presently known as Indonesia and the Philippines. ... Kulintang is a term for various musical instruments and musical genres which are indigenous to the South-East Asian islands presently known as Indonesia and the Philippines. ... In the southern Philippines, Tagonggo is parade or entourage music played by male musicians dressed in their festive fineries. ... The kapanirong is a serenade (from the root word sirong which means to go beside a house) by a group of young bachelors who would come to a maidens house and play their music by the window. ...

Subgroups

Dominant Moro subgroups.

There are at least ten ethnic subgroups within the Moro ethnic group, all descended from the same prehistoric Austronesian migrations from Taiwan that populated the rest of the Philippines and Maritime Southeast Asia. These could be identified on the basis of language. Three of these groups make up the majority of the Moro. They are the Maguindanaons of North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, and Maguindanao provinces; the Maranao of the two Lanao provinces; and the Tausug of the Sulu Archipelago. Smaller groups include the Banguingui, Samal and the Bajau of the Sulu Archipelago; the Yakan of Basilan and Zamboanga del Sur; the Ilanons and Sangirs of Davao; the Melabugnans of southern Palawan; and the Jama Mapuns of Cagayan de Tawi-Tawi Island. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x900, 52 KB) Summary modified wikipedia pic Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x900, 52 KB) Summary modified wikipedia pic Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... The Austronesian languages are a family of languages widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Malay Archipelago. ... Maguindanaon is an Austronesian language spoken by majority of the population of Maguindanao Province in the Philippines. ... Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Sultan Kudarat Region: SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII) Capital: Isulan Founded: Population: 2000 census—586,505 (42nd largest) Density—124 per km² (21st highest) Area: 4,714. ... Maguindanao is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). ... Maranao is the term used for the people of Lanao, a predominantly Muslim region in the Philippine island of Mindanao. ... Lanao is the name of two provinces in the Philippines: Lanao del Norte Lanao del Sur It is also the name of a lake in the Philippines: Lanao Lake Category: ... Tausug is spoken in Sulu province in the Philippines It is a member of the Visayan language family. ... Sulu Archipelago is an island chain in the southwest Philippines. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Sama or Samal is an Austronesian language in the Sulu Archipelago. ... The Bajau are an indigenous ethnic group residing in Sabah, eastern Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines and parts of Sarawak. ... Sulu Archipelago is an island chain in the southwest Philippines. ... Binomial name Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. Belamcanda chinensis (Leopard flower; syn. ... Basilan is an island province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). ... Zamboanga del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. ... Davao redirects here. ... Palawan is an island province of the Philippines located in the Mimaropa region. ... Mapun is a remote municipality in the province of Tawi-Tawi, Philippines. ...

Moros are not closely knit and they lack solidarity.^[3] Each group is proud of their culture, identity and language, including their variation of Islam. Endemic conflict has persisted for centuries. Internal differences among the Moros existed in the 1980s, however, these were outweighed by cultural, social, and traditional aspects as well as shared historical experiences vis-à-vis non-Muslims.

History

Pre-Hispanic era

During 1380, the arrival of Arab missionaries, including Makhdum Karim, in Tawi-Tawi initiated the conversion of the native population into Islam. Subsequent trade between Malays also helped establish the Islamic faith. September 8 - Battle of Kulikovo - Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitri Donskoi of Moscow resist a large invasion by the Blue Horde, Lithuania and Ryazan, stopping their advance at Kulikovo. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ... Tawi-Tawi is an island province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ...

Starting in 1457, the introduction of Islam led to the creation of many sultanates. This included the sultanates of Buayan, Maguindanao and Sulu, which is considered the largest and longest-lasting Muslim state in the country until its annexation into the Philippines in 1898. Map of Somalia including the self-proclaimed boundary of Somaliland Northern Somali sultanates In the late Nineteenth Century, two sultanates emerged and ruled Northern Somalia, an area stretching as far west to Burco from Las Khorey. ... The Sultanate of Maguindanao was a Muslim state that ruled parts of the island of Mindanao, in southern Philippines. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Many of the inhabitants of the pre-Hispanic Philippines are said to be Muslims. Rajah Sulayman, a chieftain of Manila at the time of the Spanish conquest, is one example. Rajah Sulayman (سليمان in Arabic) was a native Muslim king, who ruled, along with Rajah Matanda and Lakan Dula the king of the Tondo area, over a large population of Tagalogs on the southern part of the Pasig River and the city of Manila, during the 16th century. ...

Hispanic era

An 1858 German map of the Far East showing the limits of "Spanish Possessions" (Spanische Besitzungen) in the Philippines.

The Spanish arrived in 1565. This caused most of the Philippines to end up under the Spanish rule. The sultanates, however, maintained their independence, which enabled them to develop their own culture and identity. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 425 × 600 pixels Full resolution (746 × 1053 pixel, file size: 182 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Map is from the Perry-Castañeda Map Collection of the University of Texas at Austin. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 425 × 600 pixels Full resolution (746 × 1053 pixel, file size: 182 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Map is from the Perry-Castañeda Map Collection of the University of Texas at Austin. ... An anachronous map of the overseas Spanish Empire (1492-1898) in red, and the Spanish Habsburg realms in Europe (1516-1714) in orange. ... Map of Somalia including the self-proclaimed boundary of Somaliland Northern Somali sultanates In the late Nineteenth Century, two sultanates emerged and ruled Northern Somalia, an area stretching as far west to Burco from Las Khorey. ...

With the colonial intentions, the Spanish held incursions within Moro territory. They also began erecting military stations and garrisons with pockets of civilian settlements. The most notable of these are Zamboanga and Cotabato. Officially, the City of Zamboanga (Chavacano de Zamboanga/Spanish: Ciudad de Zamboanga). ... Cotabato City is one of the cities of the Philippines located in Mindanao. ...

Feeling threathened by these actions, Moros decided to challenge Spanish authority. They began conducting raids on Christian coastal towns. For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ...

Bankruptcy due to the ongoing raids caused the Spanish crown to recognize Moro sovereignty. However, only the Sultanate of Sulu benefited since it was the only sultanate left standing.^[4] An anachronous map of the overseas Spanish Empire (1492-1898) in red, and the Spanish Habsburg realms in Europe (1516-1714) in orange. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

American period

Main article: Moro Rebellion

The Moro Rebellion was the second phase of the Philippine-American War, following the so-called Philippine Insurrection phase. ...

Post-Philippine Independence

After independence, the Moros were marginalized in the Philippine nation-state. This coupled with Christian settlement in traditionally Muslim regions, gave rise to armed secession movements.^[5]

Controversial government policies

The government policies instituted immediately after independence threatened the Moro society.

The creation of the now abolished the Bureau for Non-Christian Tribes and the encouragement of migration by non-Muslim Filipinos, led to the settlement of hundreds of thousands of Visayan, Tagalog, Ilocano, and others inside the Bangsamoro provinces in the 1950s. Their influx inflamed Moro hostility. Bisaya redirects here. ... The Tagalogs are one of the largest Filipino ethnic groups. ... The Ilocano or Ilokano people are the third largest Filipino ethnic group. ... â–ˆ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control â–ˆ Historical extent This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people. ...

The problem began when Christian migrants complained that the ownership of the land which they bought was not recognized by the Moros. Moros claimed that Christians only entitle land through government agencies, which were unknown and therefore unrecognized by the Moros. Another contributing factor was the public school system, which was regarded by most Moros as an agency for the propagation of Christian teachings.

Internal divisions

Divisions along clans are existent among Moros since the 1960s.

Many young Moros, dissatisfied with the old system, have asserted that datu and sultans were unnecessary in the modern Moro society. Among themselves, these young reformers are divided between the moderates, those who work within the system, and the militants, those who engage in guerrilla-style warfare.

Moro reformers, on the other hand, have achieved to establish unity within the community through religious adherence. This bond is strengthened by the continued expansion of Christians and by the prolonged presence of army troops within Bangsamoro. â–ˆ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control â–ˆ Historical extent This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people. ...

Struggle for independence

The struggle has been in existence for centuries, starting from the struggle against the Spanish up to the Moro rebellion in the American period until the current Islamic Insurgency in the Philippines. The Moro Rebellion was the second phase of the Philippine-American War, following the so-called Philippine Insurrection phase. ... The Islamic Insurgency in the Philippines is an armed conflict of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), an Islamic movement and the government of the Philippines in the Southern Philippines. ...

The history of the Islamic Insurgency in the Philippines began shortly after independence. The Philippine government envisioned a united country in which Christians and Muslims would be assimilated into the dominant culture. This vision, however, was generally rejected by Muslims, who feared that it was just a euphemistic equivalent of assimilation. Because of this, the government realised that there was a need for a specialized agency to deal with the Muslim community so they set up the Commission for National Integration in 1957, which was later replaced by the Office of Muslim Affairs and Cultural Communities. The Islamic Insurgency in the Philippines is an armed conflict of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), an Islamic movement and the government of the Philippines in the Southern Philippines. ...

Concessions were made to Moros after the creation of these agencies, with Moros receiving exemptions from national laws prohibiting polygamy and divorce. In 1977, the government attempted move a step further by harmonizing Muslim customary law with the national law.

Unfortunately, most of these achievements were superficial. The Moros, dissatisfied with the government, established the Moro National Liberation Front led by Nur Misuari with the intention of creating their own homeland. This initiated the Islamic Insurgency in the Philippines in the late 1960s, which is still ongoing up to the present and has since created a fracture between Muslims and Christians. The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is an active Islamic movement in the Southern Philippines. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Islamic Insurgency in the Philippines is an armed conflict of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), an Islamic movement and the government of the Philippines in the Southern Philippines. ...

By the 1970s, a Christian terrorist organization called the Ilagas (Rats) began operating in Cotabato. In retaliation, Muslim armed bands, like the Blackshirts of Cotabato and the Barracudas of Lanao began to appear and fight the Ilagas. The Armed Forces of the Philippines were deployed to install peace, however their presence only created more violence. This article is about rats. ... Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao. ... Lanao is the name of two provinces in the Philippines: Lanao del Norte Lanao del Sur It is also the name of a lake in the Philippines: Lanao Lake Category: ... Seal of the Armed Forces of the Philippines Seal of the Philippine Army Seal of the Philippine Navy Seal of the Philippine Air Force Seal of the Philippine Marine Corps The Armed Forces of the Philippines or AFP (Filipino: Sandatahang Lakas ng Pilipinas; Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas Filipinas) originated in the...

In 1981, internal divisions within the MNLF caused the establishment of a conservative organization called the MILF. The group proved to be more effective than the MNLF in continuing the insurgency. The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is an active Islamic movement in the Southern Philippines. ...

Autonomy

After the 1986 EDSA Revolution, President Corazon Aquino decided to reach out to the Moro community. Combatants Civilians; Defected Troops Marcos Loyalist Troops Commanders Corazon Aquino Archbishop Jaime Cardinal Sin Vice Chief of Staff Fidel Ramos Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Imelda Marcos Chief of Staff Fabian Ver Casualties None 1 “People Power” redirects here. ... Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco Aquino (born January 25, 1933), widely known as Cory Aquino, was President of the Philippines from 1986 to 1992. ...

In the year 1987, peace talks with the MNLF began with the intention of establishing an auotonomous region for Moros. On August 1, 1989, through Republic Act No. 6734, otherwise known as the Organic Act, a plebiscite was held in the provinces within the Bangsamoro. This was to determine if the residents would want to be part of an Autonomous Moro Region. This led to the creation of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. This article is about the year 1987. ... is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... â–ˆ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control â–ˆ Historical extent This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people. ... The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM; Rehiyong Awtonomo ng Muslim Mindanao) of the Philippines is composed of five provinces and one city namely: Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi and the Marawi City. ...

Current situation

Currently, the Philippines is under threat due to the presence of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (the breakaway faction of the MNLF), the Abu Sayyaf (an offshoot of the terror groups), and by Jemaah Islamiyah. While the government is currently under peace talks with both the MILF and the MNLF, the violence is still far from over. “MILF” redirects here. ... The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is an active Islamic movement in the Southern Philippines. ... The Abu Sayyaf Group (Arabic: جماعة أبو سياف; , ASG),also known as al-Harakat al-Islamiyya is one of several militant Islamist separatist groups based in and around the southern islands of the Philippines, in Bangsamoro (Jolo, Basilan, and Mindanao) where for almost 30 years various groups have been engaged in an insurgency... Jemaah Islamiyah[1] (JI, Arabic phrase meaning Islamic Group or Islamic Community) is a Southeast Asian militant Islamic organization dedicated to the establishment of a Daulah Islamiyah[2] (Islamic State) in Southeast Asia incorporating Indonesia, Malaysia, the southern Philippines, Singapore and Brunei[3]. JI was added to the United Nations... “MILF” redirects here. ... The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is an active Islamic movement in the Southern Philippines. ...

MILF boycotted the original referendum spawned by the Organic Act referendum process, and continued the armed struggle through the 90s and into the 21st century. However, it remains a partner to the stumbling peace process in the south, with the Philippines unwilling to brand MILF a "terrorist" group lest the separatists be driven away from the negotiating table^[6].

This article contains material from the Library of Congress Country Studies, which are United States government publications in the public domain. The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress ( USA), freely available for use by researchers. ... The U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1789 by a constitutional convention, sets down the basic framework of American government in its seven articles. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

See also

• Datu
• Kampilan
• Keris

Datu or datto is the title for ancient tribal chieftains and monarchs in pre-Hispanic Philippines. ... The Kampilan is a famous long sword widely used in the pre-conquest Philippine Archipelago and still in use by many Filipino Muslims today, especially by the Maguindanao and Maranao moros. ... A keris or spelled as kris in English is a symbolic weapon that is mainly used in Southeast Asian countries. ...

Notes

External links

• http://morolaw.blogspot.com MoroLaw: Moro Views on Bangsamoro Affairs
• http://www.bangsamoro.com ::a new medium for the modern moro::
• http://www.bangsamoro.info The Bangsamoro Online - The History and Struggle of the Bangsamoro People!
• http://www.luwaran.com The Moro Islamic Liberation Front Website
• http://www.morofocus.com The Bangsamoro Documentation Project
• http://www.amirbutler.com/archives/2002/11/11/22 Amir Butler: The Moro Struggle for Independence
• Swish of the Kris: The Story of the Moros, by Vic Hurdley
• At The Da’Wah Center: A Call for Help
• The Moro Conflict and the Philippine Experience with Autonomy
• The Bud Dajo Centennial
• Moro Swords
• The Saga of Moro People during Martial Law

Moro Organization links

• Young Moro Professionals Network, Inc. (YMPN)
• Bangsamoro Successors Generation Network (BSGN)