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Encyclopedia > Motion blur
This amusement ride moved during the exposure.
This amusement ride moved during the exposure.

Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1002x1214, 455 KB) Freak Out, Oblivion, at night. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1002x1214, 455 KB) Freak Out, Oblivion, at night. ... Photography [fәtɑgrәfi:],[foʊtɑgrәfi:] is the process of recording pictures by means of capturing light on a light-sensitive medium, such as a film or electronic sensor. ... “Moving picture” redirects here. ... The bouncing ball animation (below) consists of these 6 frames. ...

Contents

Applications of motion blur

Photography

A fair ride with a long exposure causes motion blur.
A fair ride with a long exposure causes motion blur.

When a camera creates an image, that image does not represent a single instant of time. Because of technological constraints or artistic requirements, the image represents the scene over a period of time. As objects in a scene move, an image of that scene must represent an integration of all positions of those objects, as well as the camera's viewpoint, over the period of exposure determined by the shutter speed. In such an image, any object moving with respect to the camera will look blurred or smeared along the direction of relative motion. This smearing may occur on an object that is moving or on a static background if the camera is moving. In a film or television image, this looks natural because the human eye behaves in much the same way. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1600x1064, 1325 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Exposure (photography) Motion blur Fair User:Gphoto/Gallery Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Fair ride Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1600x1064, 1325 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Exposure (photography) Motion blur Fair User:Gphoto/Gallery Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Fair ride Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates... Large format camera lens. ... The integral of f(x) from a to b is the area above the x-axis and below the curve y = f(x), minus the area below the x-axis and above the curve, for x in the interval [a,b]. Integration is a core concept of advanced mathematics, specifically... A photograph with an exposure time of 25 seconds A photograph of a night-time sky with an exposure time of 8 seconds In photography, exposure is the total amount of light allowed to fall on the photographic medium (photographic film or image sensor) during the process of taking a... Shutter speed can have a dramatic impact on the appearance of moving objects. ... “Moving picture” redirects here. ...


Because the effect is caused by the relative motion between the camera, and the objects and scene, motion blur may be avoided by panning the camera to track those moving objects. In this case, even with long exposure times, the objects will appear sharper, and the background more blurred. Panning refers to the horizontal movement or rotation of a film or video camera, or the scanning of a subject horizontally on video or a display device. ...


Computer animation

Similarly, in real-time computer animation each frame shows a perfect instance in time (analogous to a camera with an infinitely fast shutter), with zero motion blur. This is why a video game with a frame rate of 25-30 frames per second will seem staggered, while natural motion filmed at the same frame rate appears continuous. Many next generation video games feature motion blur, especially racing or flight simulators. In pre-rendered computer animation, such as CGI movies, realistic motion blur can be drawn because the renderer has more time to draw each frame. Temporal anti-aliasing produces frames as a composite of many instants. Frame rate, or frame frequency, is the measurement of how quickly an imaging device can produce several consecutive images, called frames. ... A screenshot from The Sims: Deluxe Edition. ... The seawater creature in The Abyss marked CGIs acceptance in the visual effects industry. ... Temporal anti-aliasing seeks to reduce or remove the effects of temporal aliasing, which results from insufficient temporal sampling. ...


Negative effects of motion blur

In televised sports, where conventional cameras expose pictures 25 or 30 times per second, motion blur can be inconvenient because it obscures the exact position of a projectile or athlete in slow motion. For this reason special cameras are often used which eliminate motion blurring by taking rapid exposures on the order of 1/1000 of a second, and then transmitting them over the course of the next 1/25 or 1/30 of a second. Although this gives sharper slow motion replays it can look strange at normal speed because the eye expects to see motion blurring and does not. Slow motion is an effect resulting from running film through a movie camera at faster-than-normal speed. ...


Sometimes, motion blur can be removed from images with the help of deconvolution. Deconvolution is a process used to reverse the effects of convolution on recorded data. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
A Human's Eye View: Motion Blur and Frameless Rendering (3719 words)
Motion blur is the effect that arises when a camera shutter remains open for an extended period of time (see "time" footnote") and the motion that has occurred over this interval is visible in a single snapshot.
Motion blur is useful for performing temporal anti-aliasing and for imitating the behavior of a camera shutter.
Motion acceleration: Object acceleration is correlated with an inability to eye-track at the same rate as the motion [4].
Motion blur - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (583 words)
Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation.
Because the effect is caused by the relative motion of the camera, object and scene being imaged, the camera may be used to track moving objects by panning the camera such that even with long exposure times motion blur is avoided on the moving object but instead appears on the background.
For this reason special cameras are often used which eliminate motion blurring by taking rapid exposures on the order of 1/1000 of a second, and then transmitting them over the course of the next 1/25 or 1/30 of a second.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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