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Encyclopedia > Motocross
Motocross often takes place in wet weather, leading to muddy scenes such as this and hence the term "Scrambling". Photo from New Zealand.
Motocross often takes place in wet weather, leading to muddy scenes such as this and hence the term "Scrambling". Photo from New Zealand.

Motocross (often shortened to MX or MotoX) is a form of motorcycle sport or all-terrain vehicle racing held on enclosed off road circuits. Motocross is derived from the French, and traces its origins to British Scrambling competitions. The name "motocross" is a portmanteau derived from the words "Motorcycle" and "Cross Country". Image File history File links Mud. ... Image File history File links Mud. ... // Classic Road Racing Road Racing on (temporary closed) public roads Motorcycle sport is a broad field that encompasses all sporting aspects of motorcycling. ... The ATV is commonly called a quad (quad-bike) in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Off-roading. ... The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the G8, the European Union, and NATO. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, the UK, or (inaccurately) as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent... Scrambling on Crib Goch, Snowdonia, Wales Scrambling is a method of ascending rocky faces and ridges. ... A portmanteau (IPA: ) is a word or morpheme that fuses two or more words or word parts to give a combined or loaded meaning. ...

Contents

Event

A rider using a berm to corner during a motocross race in England
A rider using a berm to corner during a motocross race in England

Motocross is distinct from other forms of motorsport in having a mass start, where all the riders line up alongside each other, starting simultaneously and racing the race distance. The first rider across the finish is the winner of that "moto"; the number of motos may vary and points are added up to determine the final winner. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1174, 682 KB) Motocross racing File links The following pages link to this file: Motorcycle Motocross Wikipedia:Featured pictures visible User talk:Fir0002 User:Fir0002/Fir0002 gallery/Featured Pictures Wikipedia:Featured pictures thumbs 03 Wikipedia:Featured pictures candidates/July-2005 Wikipedia... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1174, 682 KB) Motocross racing File links The following pages link to this file: Motorcycle Motocross Wikipedia:Featured pictures visible User talk:Fir0002 User:Fir0002/Fir0002 gallery/Featured Pictures Wikipedia:Featured pictures thumbs 03 Wikipedia:Featured pictures candidates/July-2005 Wikipedia...


Motos vary in duration, measured in time elapsed plus one or two laps, or alternatively a fixed number of laps. Top level racing tends to have long races (e.g. 30 minutes plus 2 laps) while at the other end of the spectrum, amateur races can be as short as 5 minutes. When the designated time duration of the race is complete, a finish line flagger signals via a board or flag to the racers that there are one or two laps left, and the race is finished by a checkered flag. The flagman displaying the checkered flag with a complete set of stockcar racing flags Racing flags are traditionally used in auto racing and similar motorsports to communicate important messages to drivers. ...


Motocross tracks are often quite large (a mile or more) and incorporate natural terrain features with varying amounts of man-made jumps and other features. It is not unheard of for a Motocross track to be made up entirely of hills and turns with a few jumps. In contrast, Supercross is an entirely man-made track, comprised almost exclusively of a wide array of jumps, and is typically held in an large stadium or arena. Due to the size of outdoor tracks, motocross races typically include 40 racers, while supercross races usually have about 20 in the main events. For other uses, see Supercross (disambiguation). ...


Contrasting with motocross are the off-road racing events of Enduro, Hare and Hounds, Hare Scrambles, et cetera. In these events there are a pre-determined number of laps or long distance loops to complete within a maximum time limit. These events, unlike Motocross, race on courses that are largely comprised of natural terrain. The Baja 1000 is an example of one of these types of events. Stefan Merriman, 2004 World Enduro Champion on a Yamaha Some events have a mass le mans start, typically Hare and Hounds type events Enduro is a form of motorcycle sport run on courses that are predominantly off-road. ... Hare scramble is an off-road motorcycle race conducted on a closed course typically between 5 and 40 miles in length. ... Rider at Mile 328 of the Baja 1000 Four-wheel vehicle known as a Truggy Baja 1000 is an off-road race that takes place on Mexicos Baja California Peninsula in the fall. ...


History

A Maico 360cc, note the air cooled engine and twin shock absorbers on the rear suspension
A Maico 360cc, note the air cooled engine and twin shock absorbers on the rear suspension

Motocross was first known as a British off-road event called Scrambles, which were themselves an evolution of Trials events popular in northern Britain. The first known Scramble took place at Camberley, Surrey in 1924[1]. During the 1930s, the sport grew in popularity, especially in Britain where teams from BSA, Norton, Matchless, Rudge, and AJS competed in the events. Off-road bikes from that era differed little from those used on the street. Intense competition over rugged terrain led to technical improvements in motorcycles. Rigid frames gave way to suspensions by the early 1930s, and swinging fork rear suspension appeared by the early 1950s, several years before it was incorporated on the majority of production street bikes. The period after the Second World War was dominated by BSA which had become the largest motorcycle company in the world. BSA riders dominated international competitions throughout the 1950s. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 501 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (834 × 998 pixel, file size: 457 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) MX-bike Maico 360 ccm, built 1968 Veteran-race Radevormwald/Germany, 9/11/2005 Photographer: Christoph Grimlowski File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 501 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (834 × 998 pixel, file size: 457 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) MX-bike Maico 360 ccm, built 1968 Veteran-race Radevormwald/Germany, 9/11/2005 Photographer: Christoph Grimlowski File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file... For the manga series, see Maico 2010. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Off-roading. ... Montesa Cota 4RT Motorcycle trials, also termed observed trials, is a non-speed event on specialized motorcycles. ... , Camberley is a town in Surrey, England, situated southwest of central London, in the corridor between the M3 and M4 motorways. ... This article is about the English county. ... For the rap album, see 1924 (album). ... The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known as the [[. In East Asia, the rise of militarism occurred. ... The Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) was a British manufacturer of vehicles, firearms, and military equipment, and still exists as an airgun sport manufacturer and distributor. ... Norton 850 Commando Norton is a British motorcycle marque from Birmingham and founded in 1898. ... 1953 Matchless 350 Matchless is one of the oldest marques of British motorcycles with the first models manufactured at the start of the 20th century. ... Rudge Whitworth Cycles was a British bicycle and motorcycle manufacturer founded in 1894. ... AJS was the name used for cars and motorcycles made by the Wolverhampton, England company A. J. Stevens Ltd. ... The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known as the [[. In East Asia, the rise of militarism occurred. ... The 1950s decade refers to the years 1950 to 1959 inclusive. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... The Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) was a British manufacturer of vehicles, firearms, and military equipment, and still exists as an airgun sport manufacturer and distributor. ... The 1950s decade refers to the years 1950 to 1959 inclusive. ...


In 1952 the FIM, motorcycling’s international governing body, created an individual European Championship using a 500cc engine displacement formula. In 1957, it was upgraded it to World Championship status. In 1962, a 250cc world championship was created. It was in the smaller 250cc category that companies with two-stroke motorcycles came into their own. Companies such as Husqvarna from Sweden, Bultaco from Spain, CZ from Czechoslovakia and Greeves from Britain, became popular due to their lightness and agility. By the 1960s, advancements in two-stroke engine technology meant that the heavier, four-stroke machines were relegated to niche competitions. Riders from Belgium and Sweden began to dominate the sport during this period. Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM, International Motorcycling Federation) is the governing body of motorcycle racing. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by having only two strokes (linear movements of the piston) instead of four, although the same four operations (intake, compression, power, exhaust) still occur. ... This article is about Husqvarna Motorcycles. ... Bultaco was a Spanish manufacturer of two stroke single cylinder motorcycles from 1958 to 1983. ... ÄŒeská Zbrojovka is a Czech firearms manufacturer also known for making ÄŒZ motorcycles. ... Greeves motorcycles were produced in a purpose-built factory at Thundersley in Essex from 1953 to 1976. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969. ...


By the late 1960s, Japanese motorcycle companies began challenging the European factories for supremacy of the motocross world. Suzuki claimed the first world championship for a Japanese factory when it won the 1970 250cc crown. Motocross also began to grow in popularity in the United States during this period, which fueled an explosive growth in the sport. The first stadium motocross event was held in 1972 at the Los Angeles Coliseum. In 1975, a 125cc world championship was introduced. European riders continued to dominate motocross throughout the 1970s but, by the 1980s, American riders had caught up and began winning international competitions. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969. ... For other uses, see Suzuki (disambiguation). ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is a large outdoor sports stadium located in Exposition Park in Los Angeles, California, near the campus of the University of Southern California. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... The 1980s refers to the years from 1980 to 1989. ...


During the early 1980s, Japanese factories presided over a technology boom in motocross. The typically two-stroke air cooled, twin shock rear suspension machines gave way to machines that were water cooled and fitted with monoshock rear suspension. By the 1990s, increasingly stringent environmental laws in California forced manufacturers to develop environmentally friendly four-stroke technology. At the turn of the century, all the major manufacturers have begun competing with four-stroke machines. European firms also experienced a resurgence with Husqvarna, Husaberg and KTM winning world championships with four-stroke machinery. The 1980s refers to the years from 1980 to 1989. ... For the band, see 1990s (band). ... This article is about Husqvarna Motorcycles. ... Husaberg is a former Swedish manufacturer of off-road motorcycles. ... Kronreif & Trunkenpolz, Mattighofen (KTM) is an Austrian motorcycle manufacturer. ...


Recently, the sport has evolved with sub-disciplines such as stadium events known as Supercross and Arenacross held in indoor arenas. Freestyle (or FMX) events where riders are judged on their jumping and aerial acrobatic skills have gained popularity, as well as Supermoto (Motocross machines racing on both tarmac and off road). Vintage motocross events have also become popular with riders competing on bikes usually pre-dating the 1975 model year. For other uses, see Supercross (disambiguation). ... Freestyle Motocross (also known as FMX) is a variation on the sport of motocross in which motorcycle riders attempt to impress judges with jumps and stunts. ... FMX is an acronym (specifically, a three-letter acronym) used to describe several things: Full-Mouth X-Ray (denstistry) Freestyle Motocross. ... Backing it in A Supermoto rider hits the road Through the dirt A KTM Supermoto Supermoto (also called Supermotard due to its strong foothold in France) is a cross-over or evolution of motocross and road racing. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...


Major Competitions

Multiple (AMA) US Motocross racer Ricky Carmichael at High Point national.
Multiple (AMA) US Motocross racer Ricky Carmichael at High Point national.

The world is dominated by two main Motocross series; the FIM's Grand Prix - the World Championship series and the AMA's American National Championship. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 784 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1966 × 1503 pixel, file size: 609 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 784 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1966 × 1503 pixel, file size: 609 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Carmichael racing to victory in 2007 Ricky Carmichael (born November 27, 1979 in Clearwater, Florida) is a former professional motocross racer, now transitioning to a stock car career as a development driver with DEI, mentored by Mark Martin. ... The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM, International Motorcycling Federation) is the governing body of motorcycle racing. ... AMA Logo The American Motorcyclist Association is a U.S. organization of more than 280,000 motorcyclists that organizes numerous motorcycling activities and campaigns for motorcyclists legal rights. ...


The AMA Motocross Championship (the "outdoor series") season begins in early May and continues until mid-September, and consists of 12 rounds at 12 major tracks all over the continental United States. There are two classes; "Motocross" and "Motocross Lites". Each round has two motos of 30 minute-plus-two-laps, per class, held approximately two hours apart.


The Grand Prix (or Motocross World Championship) is predominantly held in Europe with some "flyaway" rounds, recently in South Africa and Japan, but over its history it has visited numerous countries including; Indonesia, Australia and countries on both American continents. There are two classes; MX1 and MX2 (analogous to "Motocross" and "Motocross Lites" respectively). Race duration is slightly longer at 35 minutes plus two laps, while the series is longer, generally incorporating over 16 rounds.


The annual Motocross des Nations (generally left untranslated from French, but more recently referred to as Motocross of Nations) is usually held at the end of the year when National and World Championship series have ended. The format involves teams of three riders representing their nations. Each rider competes in a different class (MX1, MX2 and "Open"). There are three motos with two classes competing per moto. The location of the event changes from year to year. The United States, Belgium and Great Britain have had the greatest success. France has had a very successful year in the last Motocross of nations. The Motocross des Nations motocross race is an annual team event, where riders representing their country meet at what is billed as the Olympics of Motocross. The event has been staged since 1947, where the team of Bill Nicholson, Fred Rist and Bob Ray, representing Great Britain, took home the...


Physical Demands

Motocross start
Motocross start

The National Sport Health Institute in Englewood, California tested several professional motocross racers in the early 1980s as part of a comparative study of the cardio-vascular fitness of athletes from various disciplines. Athletes from track, American football and soccer were tested, among others. Motocross racers get their heart rate up to around 180 to 190 beats per minute and hold it there for about 35 minutes. Another thing to consider is that they do this twice per day (Original article appeared in DirtBike magazine in 1980). A subsequent study by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre's Sports Performance Complex in 2002 reconfirmed the result with more recent motocross racers. The intense physical demand of motocross derives from the fact that the racer of the bike must keep complete control of a 200+ pound bike, while also maintaining their top speed throughout the race.[2] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 574 KB) MotoX start of race File links The following pages link to this file: Motorcycle racing ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 574 KB) MotoX start of race File links The following pages link to this file: Motorcycle racing ...

Freestyle

Main article: Freestyle Motocross
A Canadian rider performing a "superman seat-grab"

Freestyle motocross (Freestyle Motocross), a relatively new sport, does not involve racing and instead concentrates on performing acrobatic stunts while jumping motocross bikes. The winner is chosen by a group of judges. The riders are scored on style, level of trick difficulty, best use of the course, and frequently crowd reactions as well. Freestyle Motocross (also known as FMX) is a variation on the sport of motocross in which motorcycle riders attempt to impress judges with jumps and stunts. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (820x522, 209 KB) Summary Mike Adair from Port Colbourne performing at the Niagara Regional Exhibition in 2005. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (820x522, 209 KB) Summary Mike Adair from Port Colbourne performing at the Niagara Regional Exhibition in 2005. ... FMX is an acronym (specifically, a three-letter acronym) used to describe several things: Full-Mouth X-Ray (denstistry) Freestyle Motocross. ...


One stunt performed is the back flip, which was disputedly completed on a 250cc motorcycle by Brian Davis using a specially designed dirt ramp. Soon after this, Mike Metzger completed this stunt using a standard freestyle ramp and dirt landing.[3] More recently Mike Metzger actually did a Back flip over the Caesars Palace Fountains.[4] Some consider the body varial 360 as the most difficult stunt being performed at this time. This stunt, also called the Carolla, was first performed by Chuck Carothers at the 2004 X Games. Prior to this, the backflip 360, or off-axis back flip, was widely considered the most challenging stunt. Another rider taking freestyle to a new level is Travis Pastrana. At the 2006 X Games, Pastrana performed the world's first double back flip (in competition).[5] It earned him the 2006 Freestyle Gold Medal. The double backflip is currently considered the most difficult freestyle trick. Brian Davis may refer to: Brian Davis (golfer) Brian Davis (basketball), American basketball player A minor character in Heroes (see Six Months Ago (Heroes)) Lead character in TV series What About Brian. ... Mike Metzger Mike Metzger (born 19 November 1975 in Huntington Beach, California) is an American Freestyle Motocross (FMX) rider. ... Caesars Palace is a luxury hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Las Vegas, Nevada. ... For the computer game series named X, see X (computer game series). ... Travis Pastrana in his backyard workshop/skatepark near Annapolis, Maryland, in November 2004. ...


Pitbikes

"Pit bikes" are small, motorbikes that participants in powersports event use to ride around the "pits," i.e., the staging areas where team support vehicles are located. They are also used in races held either indoors or on motocross tracks. Pitbikes also have races that pro riders race in on the pit bikes. BBR is the most common brand to "Trick Out" your Pitbike.


Pit bikes are usually powered by 2- or 4-stroke, single cylinder engines ranging anywhere in displacement from 49cc up to 200cc. A typical pit bike is usually a small dirt bike but it has become common to be able to buy pit bikes with street-style wheels and tires.


Pit bikes are frequently heavily farkled (anything from a decorative item to a functional, non-performance add-on) and/or up-rated (performance modified) from stock. It is not-uncommon for engines to be bored-out to increase displacement and therefore power output, air-boxes removed or opened-up to improve engine "breathing" (which can increase power output) suspensions modified to carry larger riders and to facilitate stunting, and wheel/brakes/tires upgraded to improve handling.


Supermoto

Main article: Supermoto
A Supermoto rider on the road
A Supermoto rider on the road

Supermoto got its start in the late 1970s as a fun side project for many road racers. Its first exposure to a wide audience came on the American television program ABC's Wide World of Sports in 1979. UK racing journalist Gavin Trippe envisioned a racing event that would prove who the best motorcycle racer was and from 1980 to 1985, he organized a yearly event called "The Superbikers," which pitted the top road racers and motocross racers against one another on specially modified bikes raced on special tracks on the television show. Backing it in A Supermoto rider hits the road Through the dirt A KTM Supermoto Supermoto (also called Supermotard due to its strong foothold in France) is a cross-over or evolution of motocross and road racing. ... Backing it in A Supermoto rider hits the road Through the dirt A KTM Supermoto Supermoto (also called Supermotard due to its strong foothold in France) is a cross-over or evolution of motocross and road racing. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2629x1673, 1016 KB) Summary Supermoto Rider. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2629x1673, 1016 KB) Summary Supermoto Rider. ... Backing it in A Supermoto rider hits the road Through the dirt A KTM Supermoto Supermoto (also called Supermotard due to its strong foothold in France) is a cross-over or evolution of motocross and road racing. ... Backing it in A Supermoto rider hits the road Through the dirt A KTM Supermoto Supermoto (also called Supermotard due to its strong foothold in France) is a cross-over or evolution of motocross and road racing. ...


After 1985, the sport died and received little exposure. In Europe, the sport started gaining popularity and in 2003 the sport was revived in the United States and called "Supermoto". Supermoto involves taking a motocross bike meant to be raced off-road and converting it to be raced on tracks consisting of both dirt and pavement. The bikes are fitted with special road racing tires and are "grooved" to grip both the pavement and dirt. Some tracks for these race events have jumps, berms, and whoops just like true motocross tracks. For special events, the Supermoto track may incorporate metal ramps for jumps that can be disassembled and taken to other locations. Supermoto races may take place at modified go-kart tracks, road racing tracks, or even street racing tracks. There are also classes for kids such as the 85cc class.


ATV/Quad Motocross

Main article: All-terrain vehicle
Professional ATV racer Tim Farr at the 2006 Glen Helen MX national.
Professional ATV racer Tim Farr at the 2006 Glen Helen MX national.

From 2002, ATV Motocross started to see a dramatic increase in participation across the United States. This was a direct result of the major ATV manufacturers getting involved in the sport. In the past, ATV racing floundered after Honda, Kawasaki, Suzuki and Yamaha dropped ATV-racing support in the mid 1980s due to the bad publicity associated with the alleged dangers of operating these vehicles. Throughout the late 1980sdfs=bgvpeb=kr=gbvwrgwep=gvefpweg] and all during the 1990s, aftermarket companies kept the sport alive, but barely. Racers would build expensive, custom ATVs with parts from major aftermarket manufacturers. The engine that kept racing alive was the Honda TRX250R engine which was manufactured from 1986 to 1989. Again, the aftermarket helped racers get all they could out of the dated engine. Accessory companies produced enough modified parts so that the only stock component of the 250R engine were the left and right engine cases. Suspension upgrades made it possible for ATVs to ride over jumps and rough terrain that were previously impossible. Suspension companies produced long-travel A-arms and rear suspension links which helped negotiate harsh terrain. The ATV is commonly called a quad (quad-bike) in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (500x700, 87 KB) Summary Tim Farr at Glen Helen GNC MX National 2006. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (500x700, 87 KB) Summary Tim Farr at Glen Helen GNC MX National 2006. ... This article is about the Japanese motor corporation. ... Kawasaki logo Kawasaki is one of the worlds major manufacturers of motorcycles with an extensive product line. ... For other uses, see Suzuki (disambiguation). ... Yamaha may refer to: Yamaha Corporation – A manufacturer of a diverse range of musical instruments and electronics. ... Ad for the 1988 model year TRX250R (Page 1) The Honda TRX250R was a sport ATV manufactured by Honda between 1986 and 1989. ...


However, in order to be competitive, it was necessary to spend upwards of $20,000 to race an ATV. In the late 1990s, rules were changed to allow racers to use dirt bike engines in ATV frames. Durng the 1993 Mickey Thompson Off Road Racing Series, 15 year old Daniel Powell from Auga Dulce, CA entered the scene with the first Doug Roll Design and development ATV. Soon hybrid machines began to dominate competitions.


The manufacturers started paying closer attention to the sport ATV market, and in 1999 Honda released the four-stroke TRX400EX. While it wasn't as powerful as the hybrids racing on the tracks, it showed that manufacturers had begun to take ATVs seriously. In 2003 Suzuki released the LT-Z400 that featured a liquid-cooled four-stroke powerplant. That same year, the ATVA instituted a Pro Production class at the motocross nationals in order to showcase "stock" ATVs. The traditional Pro class still allowed two-strokes and hybrids. Many professional racers raced both classes, but the premier class was still the Pro class.


Late in the 2003, Yamaha announced the YFZ450 for the 2004 model year. This ATV represented the first time a major manufacturer built a high-performance sport ATV suited for racing. While it wasn't as wide as many wanted for motocross and didn't have long-travel suspension, it featured a four-stroke engine very similar to the motocross dirt bikes Yamaha was manufacturing at the time. The YFZ450 also came stock with fully adjustable front suspension, the first time this was available on a production ATV. After the Yamaha announcement, Honda announced it was going to bring the TRX450R to market in 2004. 2004 also marked the return of factory supported racing teams to national competition for the first time since 1986.


In the summer of 2005, Suzuki announced it was going to produce the 2006 LT-R450. This sport ATV was the most competition-ready ATV ever produced. It featured electronic fuel injection, a high performance four-stroke engine, and a chassis that could be competitive in stock form. The front end used a steel swingarm with high quality shock absorbers using 10 inches of travel and a width approaching 50 inches.


The United States continues to see a rise in popularity in ATV racing at motocross tracks nationwide partly due to manufacturers providing competition-ready ATVs. Some example tracks would be Sleepy Hollow, and Flying Dutchmen, and Theobald Track in North Carolina


Sidecars

Main article: Sidecarcross
A Zabel engined sidecar outfit.
A Zabel engined sidecar outfit.

Sidecar racing, known as Sidecarcross has been around since the 1950’s but has declined in popularity recently. This variant is common in Europe, with a few followers in USA, New Zealand and Australia. This article needs to be wikified. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 656 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (933 × 853 pixel, file size: 234 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Motocross Sidecar Zabel... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 656 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (933 × 853 pixel, file size: 234 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Motocross Sidecar Zabel... A Zabel in a sidecar in the UK. A Zabel is a German two-stroke motocross engine, mostly used in sidecars. ... BMW R51/3 motorcycle with sidecar Ural Retro with sidecar Vespa scooter with sidecar This article concerns sidecar as an attachment to a motocycle. ... This article needs to be wikified. ...


Motocross sidecars are purpose built frames that resemble an ordinary motocross-cycle with a flat platform to stand on attached to either side and a handlebar at waist height to hold on to. The side of the "chair" (slang for the platform) usually follows the side of the road the nation in question drives upon, but not always. The passenger balances the bike by being a counterweight, especially in corners and on jumps. It’s driven on ordinary crosstracks.


It is very physically demanding, especially for the passenger. This is reflected in most in the Swedish term for passenger - "burkslav", roughly translated as trunk/body/barrel-slave. This name comes from the early sidecars where the platform looked like a real road-sidecar and not today's platform.


The major frame builders today are VMC, BSU, AYR, EML and Woodenleg. Ordinary engines can be used, but size matters and two engines purpose built for sidecars exist, Zabel (Germany) and MTH (Austria) are most common. Fourstrokes are getting more common, usually KTM(Austria). A Zabel in a sidecar in the UK. A Zabel is a German two-stroke motocross engine, mostly used in sidecars. ... MTH is an initialism or abbreviation standing for: Maximum The Hormone memory translator hub Mount Hebron High School Mount Hood National Forest MTH Electric Trains MTH Racing engines Melbourne Town Hall, Melbourne Australia It is also the IATA airport code for Florida Keys Marathon Airport. ... Kronreif & Trunkenpolz, Mattighofen (KTM) is an Austrian motorcycle manufacturer. ...


Governing bodies

The sport is governed world wide by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), with federations in many nations. The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM, International Motorcycling Federation) is the governing body of motorcycle racing. ...

CMRC is Canadas largest motocross racing organization, and is a league for the top riders of the country. ... The Canadian Motorcycle Association was founded in 1946. ... CMX may refer to: CMX Canadian Motocross, CMX Canadian Motocross Race club http:www. ... The Auto-Cycle Union (ACU Motorcycling GB) is governing body of motorcycle sport in Great Britain (not Northern Ireland, which is governed by the MCUI, the All Ireland governing body, but including the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man). ... The Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc. ... AMA Logo The American Motorcyclist Association is a U.S. organization of more than 280,000 motorcyclists that organizes numerous motorcycling activities and campaigns for motorcyclists legal rights. ...

Manufacturers

A Yamaha fourstroke on display at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit.
A Yamaha fourstroke on display at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit.
10 times world champion, Stefan Everts.
10 times world champion, Stefan Everts.
See also: List of motorcycle manufacturers

Current Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1067 pixel, file size: 336 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Motorcyclist doing a mono at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1067 pixel, file size: 336 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Motorcyclist doing a mono at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Stefan Everts (born November 25, 1972, Bree, Belgium) is a motocrosser from Belgium. ... // Husaberg KTM Minsk Big Brute Chang Jiang Motorworks Chunlan Motorcycle Fushida-Battle Haojue Hongyi Motors Jincheng Suzuki Lifan Linhai Lu Hao Nanfang Motor Qianjiang (distributed as Keeway) Qinqi Taizhou Shake Ring Motorcycle, simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: Shandong (distributed as Pioneer in the US) Shanghai-Ek Chor Motorcycle Xingfu Wuyang Honda Zongshen...

The above are the major five manufactures in most markets, the manufactures below command a smaller market share (currently - 2007). This article is about the Japanese motor corporation. ... Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. ... Kronreif & Trunkenpolz, Mattighofen (KTM) is an Austrian motorcycle manufacturer. ... For other uses, see Suzuki (disambiguation). ... Yamaha Motor Company Limited ) (TYO: 7272), a Japanese motorized vehicle-producing company (whose HQ is at 2500 Shingai, Iwata, Shizuoka), is part of the Yamaha Corporation. ...

Manufacturers that have ceased production An Aprilia RS125, model of 1998. ... Clews Competition Motorcycles or CCM for short, is a British motorcycle manufacturer based in Blackburn, England. ... The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the G8, the European Union, and NATO. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, the UK, or (inaccurately) as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent... Egyptian Cobra, Naga haje This article is about snakes. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... GasGas is a Spanish motorcycle manufacturer, specialising in off-road motorbikes. ... Husaberg is a former Swedish manufacturer of off-road motorcycles. ... This article is about Husqvarna Motorcycles. ... In Norse Mythology Vor is a goddess of the Aesir. ...

The Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) was a British manufacturer of vehicles, firearms, and military equipment, and still exists as an airgun sport manufacturer and distributor. ... Clews Competition Motorcycles or CCM for short, is a British motorcycle manufacturer based in Blackburn, England. ... Bultaco was a Spanish manufacturer of two stroke single cylinder motorcycles from 1958 to 1983. ... Can-Am was a motorcycle producing subsidiary of the Canadian Bombardier Corporation. ... Cannondale is a major American bicycle manufacturer, headquartered in Bethel, Connecticut USA and manufacturing in Bedford, Pennsylvania USA. The company was founded in 1971 by Joe Montgomery to manufacture bicycle trailers for bicycle touring. ... ATK is an off-road motorcycle manufacturer in Centerville, Utah, U.S.A.[1] ATK was founded by Austrian-born engineer Horst Leitner in the 1980s. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... Clews Competition Motorcycles or CCM for short, is a British motorcycle manufacturer based in Blackburn, England. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... ÄŒeská Zbrojovka is a Czech firearms manufacturer also known for making ÄŒZ motorcycles. ... DKW Auto Union logotype Dampf-Kraft Wagen (German: steam-powered vehicle) or DKW is a historic car and motorcycle marque. ... FN (Fabrique Nationale de Herstal) was a Belgian company established in 1899 to make arms and ammunition, and was from 1901 to 1967, also a motorcycle manufacturer, the worlds first to manufacture a four cylinder motorcycle[1], famous for the use of shaft drive in all models from 1903... Greeves motorcycles were produced in a purpose-built factory at Thundersley in Essex from 1953 to 1976. ... Hodaka was a joint Japanese and American company that manufactured motorcycles in the 1960s and 1970s. ... Logo on a 2003 Harley Davidson The Harley-Davidson Motor Company (NYSE: HDI) is a manufacturer of motorcycles based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... For the manga series, see Maico 2010. ... Monark - aka Cykelfabriken Monark AB and Monark AB, well-known Swedish bicycle- moped- and motorcycle company, established in Varberg, Sweden 1908 by the industrialist Birger Svensson. ... Penton is a brand of off-road use motorcycle introduced in the late 1960s by John Penton, a noted enduro rider on the dirt bike competition circuit. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Puch is a manufacturing company in Graz, Austria. ... A 1981 SWM TL320 with UK specification metal petrol tank SWM (Speedy Working Motors)) was a manufacturer of Observed Trials, Enduro, Motorcross and off-road motorcycles in the 1970s and 1980s. ... A Zündapp KS750 Wehrmacht sidecar from the 1940s. ...

See also

. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... . ... For other uses, see Supercross (disambiguation). ... Snocross at the 2007 Winter X Games Snocross (also snowcross) is a racing sport involving racing specialized high performance snowmobiles on an artificially-made tracks consisting of tight turns, banked corners, steep jumps and obstacles. ... Freestyle Motocross (also known as FMX) is a variation on the sport of motocross in which motorcycle riders attempt to impress judges with jumps and stunts. ... The ATV is commonly called a quad (quad-bike) in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. ... Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit, typically referred to as Hawkstone Park or Hawkstone, is a motocross circuit situated near Market Drayton, north Shropshire. ... Cwmythig Hill is a motocross circuit situated approximately 2 miles from the town of Rhayader, Powys. ... Motocross training is the combination of practicing the sport of motocross, exercising to build strength and endurance in the muscles used in the sport, nutrition that is needed to fuel the human body for optimum performance in the sport, and mental preparation. ...

References

  1. ^ History of Motocross
  2. ^ Motocross Canada
  3. ^ EXPN.com - X Games VIII - A Recent History of the Moto X Backflip
  4. ^ [1][dead link]
  5. ^ [2][dead link]
  • History of Motocross

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Motocross
  • Official FIM World Motocross Championship
  • Motorcycling Australia Website (MA)
  • American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) - US governing body
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

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