Mechanical clockwork movement

Assembly comprising all the main parts of a watch, also used in building many forms of apparatus such as mechanical or electrical counters, switching-devices, bells and, in general, all small portable appliances whose functions are dependent on the division of time. The essential parts are: For the Unix command, see Watch (Unix). ... An apparatus is: A machine; or Reference tools added to a book, apart from the text, such as variant readings or translations, textual notes, a concordance, a bibliography, or an index, designed for the use of scholars studying the book. ... In general, a counter is a device which stores (and sometimes displays) the number of times a particular event or process has occurred, often in relationship to a clock signal. ... Electrical switches. ... The word appliance has several different areas of meaning, all usually referring to a device with a narrow function: One class of objects includes items that are custom-fitted to an individual for the purpose of correction of a physical or dental problem, such as prosthetic, orthotic appliances and dental...

• The (watch)motor: formed of the mainspring coiled inside the barrel, the ratchet-wheel and the transmission-wheel
• The movement/train: consisting of wheels riveted to their pinions: centre-wheel, third wheel, fourth wheel. The train transmits the driving-power to:
• The escapement: a mechanism that maintains the oscillations of the regulating organ, consisting of a balance wheel and the pallet fork.
• regulating organ: the balance with its spring is fixed to the staff. This device is a mechanical oscillator. It receives from the escapement the impulses required to make it run for 24 hours, with a safety-margin of normally 10-12 hours. (By so-called 8-Day movements, for at least 192 hours).

Mainspring (U.S.A. motor spring): In a watch, long strip of hardened and blued steel or of a specially alloyed steel, between 2oo & 3oo millimeters in length and 0. ... In watchmaking, a barrel is a wheel composed of a toothed disc and a cylindrical box closed by a cover. ... Ratchet wheel (in U.S.A. winding wheel) In a watch, a toothed wheel fixed by a square hole to the barrel-arbor. ... Transmission wheel (US: crown-wheel) Usually an object of circular shape with contrate teeth, which meshes with the winding pinion and with the ratchet-wheel on the barrel-arbor used to wind-up the watch, respectively to set the time. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... Illustration of a Gear train with a pinion shown. ... A simple escapement. ... Mechanism A combination of parts designed to perform a given function. ... Oscillation is the variation, typically in time, of some measure as seen, for example, in a swinging pendulum. ... Red arrows indicate the balance wheel on this movement. ... Pallet fork The pallet fork or pallet lever is an integral component of the Lever Escapement of a typical mechanical watch. ... For other meanings of the word balance, see: propaganda equilibrium (disambiguation page) sense of balance weighing scale analytical balance (a precise weighing scale) balance beam in gymnastics Balance (song) homeostasis, the biological balance within a human or other animals body When the weights on the plates of this balance... Helical or coil springs designed for tension A spring is a flexible elastic object used to store mechanical energy. ...

Mechanical Watch movement

The above mechanism is completed by the following parts:

• Winding-mechanism: mechanism that winds the mainspring
• Setting-mechanism: usually connected to the winding-mechanism by common parts for altering the position of the hands of a watch. Originally, the hands had to be pushed directly by hand to set the watch to the right time; later, a key was used to shift them.

And by the Indicating Organs: Wind, tacuinum sanitatis casanatensis (XIV century) Wind is the rough horizontal movement of air (as opposed to an air current) caused by uneven heating of the Earths surface. ... In mathematics, a set can be thought of as any collection of distinct things considered as a whole. ...

• (watch)Dial: indicating "face" of the watch, a plate of metal or other material, bearing various markings to show at least the hours, minutes and seconds. Dials vary very much in shape, decoration & material. The indications are given by means of numerals, divisions or symbols of various types, printed, raised, applied and / or combined with other skills like "cloisonné" enamel, diamond-set or "pavé" decoration.
• (watch)Hands: Indicator, usually made of a thin, light piece of metal, very variable in form, which moves over a graduated dial or scale. Usually for each indication of time one specific hand is needed. The earliest watches had only an hour hand. The English horologist Daniel Quare is believed to have introduced the minute hand about 1691, though it did not come into general use until the early 18th Century. The earliest hands were strong and heavy, there still being no glass to protect the dial. In the late 18th Century, they became more slender and more elegant; they were made by hand, with the file and graver and the holes were cut out in the turns with a bow and ferrule. About 1764, they were first cut out of a strip of metal by means of a punch and hammer. Later on, about 1830, they were stamped out in the fly-press. They were often adorned with precious stones. In watches of the finest quality, the Breguet hand, then the Louis XV and Louis XVI hands, were made of delicately chased gold. Modern hands are turned out in a great variety of styles, qualities and colours. High-grade hands are made of solid gold or tempered steel and have a polished pipe or head. Brass is otherwise generally used for makings hand, protected & decorated either by a thin galvanized layer of gold or rhodium or some kind of lacquer. There are many various types and shapes of hands adapted to the use as well as to the required aesthetic of the watch, e.g. for perfect readability Webb C. Ball prescribed strong heavy hands in his standards for Railroad chronometers, without prescribing the looks.
• Motion work (U.S.A.: dial-train): a train fitted under the dial, for transmitting the rotation of the minute-pinion to the hour hand

And finally The hour (symbol: h) is a unit of time. ... A minute is a unit of time equal to 1/60th of an hour and to 60 seconds. ... Look up second in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Cloisonné is a multi-step enamel process used to produce jewelry, vases, and other decorative items. ... In a discussion of art technology, enamel (or vitreous enamel, or porcelain enamel in American English) is the colorful result of fusion of powdered glass to a substrate through the process of firing, usually between 750 and 850 degrees Celsius. ... This article is about the gemstone. ... In mathematics, a set can be thought of as any collection of distinct things considered as a whole. ... A Flypress is a metalworking machine tool used to punch holes in sheet metal in one operation, rather than by cutting the hole or drilling, etc. ... For the Gemstone as a mineral see Gemstone. ... A Breguet Classique watch with tourbillon Breguet is a manufacturer of fine watches, founded by Abraham Louis Breguet in Paris in 1775. ... Louis XV of France (February 15, 1710 – May 10, 1774), the Beloved (French: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1715 until his death. ... Louis XVI of France Louis XVI (23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) ruled as King of France and Navarre from 1774 until 1791, and then as King of the French from 1791 to 1792. ... In a general sense, lacquer is a clear or coloured coating, that dries by solvent evaporation only and that produces a hard, durable finish that can be polished to a very high gloss, and gives the illusion of depth. ... Webb C. Ball was born in Fredericktown, Ohio, on October 6, 1847 and became a jeweller & watchmaker. ... Railroad chronometers (railroaders watches) were critical to the safe and correct operation of trains in the United States. ...

• The bottom plate and bars support all the above mentioned parts.

Watch movements come in various shapes, i.e. round, tonneau, rectangular, rectangular with cut corners, oval & baguette and sizes, and are measured in "lignes", respectively lately in millimeters. Each specific watch movement is called a caliber. Basically, the movement parts are separated into two main categories: those belonging to the ébauches and those belonging to the assortments. Ligne is a French word meaning line. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter), symbol mm is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... The word calibre (British English) or caliber (American English) designates the interior diameter of a tube or the exterior diameter of a wire or rod. ... Ébauche is a French term meaning outline or blank. In horology the term refers to an incomplete watch movement. ... The assortment are the parts of a watch other than the ébauche. ...

Antique Mechanical Watch movement

The artisans of the time were using

• pillar-plates
• fusée and verge escapement.

Claude-Henri de Fusée, abbé de Voisenon (July 8, 1708 - November 22, 1775), was a French dramatist and writer. ... Verge (also known as Vecnas Extraordinary Roleplaying Game Engine) is game engine intended for RPGs, although its able to work with variety of game forms. ...

Clock movement

• clockwork-movement with a motor in the form of a spring or a weight. The oscillator is usually a pendulum. Small mechanical or electrical wall- and table-clocks are made with an oscillator in the form of a sprung balance, as used in a watch.

Oscillation is the periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure as seen, for example, in a swinging pendulum. ... Simple gravity pendulum assumes no air resistance and no friction of/at the nail/screw. ...

See also

• Clockwork

watch battery expired Oct 2010 and the movement are still slow.Can you help how to explain. Gear with escapment mechanism In mechanical engineering, a clockwork is either a lightweight mechanical linkage, especially one involving multiple axles, or a complete mechanical device whose functioning relies on internal clockwork (in the preceding sense), especially where muscular effort is the sole source of operating power. ...

External links

• Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry: Glossary
• Mechanical, Meca-Quartz Movements