The period when Muhammad in Medina started with the Migration to Medina in 622 and ended with the Conquest of Mecca in 630. The period of Muhammad before Medina started with his birth and ended in 622 with the Migration to Medina in 622. ... The period when Muhammad in Medina started with the Conquest of Mecca in 630 and ended with the his death in 632. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Muhammad (c. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Islamic views of Muhammad. ... Depictions of Muhammad usually refer to drawings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and can be a contentious matter. ... This article is about the event of hijra. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...

History

The event are preceded by the events in Muhammad before Medina. The period of Muhammad before Medina started with his birth and ended in 622 with the Migration to Medina in 622. ...

622

Events Hijra - Muhammad and his followers withdraw from Mecca to Medina - year one of the Islamic calendar. ...

September 9 — Migration to Medina

Muhammad preaching the Doctrines of Monotheism and the threat of the Day of Judgment, did not at first have much success in the city of Mecca. His tribe, the Quraysh, which was in charge of the Kaaba, persecuted and harassed him continuously, until an assassination attempt forced him to flee the city and migrate to Median. This article is about the event of hijra. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Tawḥīd (also Tawheed,Tauheed and other spellings; Arabic: ‎ ; Turkish: Tevhid) is the Islamic concept of monotheism, derived from the root word Ahad. ... Yawm al-Qīyāmah (Arabic: ‎ literally: Day of the Resurrection) is the Arabic name for the Last Judgement. ... Mecca or Makkah (in full: Makkah al-Mukarramah; Arabic: ‎) is the capital city of Saudi Arabias Makkah province, in the historic Hijaz region. ... Quraish (sura) is also the name of a Surah in the Quran. ... Masjid al Haram The Kaaba ( translit: Persian: ‎ ) also known as al-Ka‘abatu’l-Musharrafat (), al-Baytu l-‘Atīq (), or al-Baytu’l-Ḥarām ( The Sacred House), is a building located inside the mosque known as al-Masjidu’l-Ḥarām in Mecca. ...

Arrival to Medina

After their arrival to Medina, 73 people pledged alligance to Muhamamd ^[1]. a list includes:

1. Abd-Allah ibn Rawahah ^[1]

Abd-Allah ibn Rawahah was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ...

Constitution of Medina

During the first year, Muhammad drew the Constitution of Medina, a treaty that concerns the rights and responsibilities of the Muslim, Jewish, and other Arab and tribal communities of Medina during the war between that city and its neighbours. The Constitution of Medina is the earliest known written constitution. ...

623

Events Clotaire II, king of the Franks, makes his son Dagobert I king of Austrasia Samo, reputedly a Frankish merchant, governs in Moravia, Slovakia and Lower Austria. ...

624

Events Justus becomes Archbishop of Canterbury. ...

March 17 — Battle of Badr

The Battle of Badr fought was a key battle in the early days of Islam and a turning point in Muhammad's struggle with the Meccan Quraish^[2]. The battle has been passed down in Islamic history as a decisive victory attributable to divine intervention or the genius of Muhammad. Combatants Muslims of Medina Quraish of Mecca Commanders Muhammad Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib Ali Amr ibn Hishām (aka Abū Jahl) Abu Sufyan Strength 305-350 <900-1000 Casualties 14 killed 50-70 killed 43-70 captured The Battle of Badr (Arabic غزوة بدر), fought March 17, 624 CE (17 Ramadan... For other uses, including people named Islam, see Islam (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Mecca or Makkah (in full: Makkah al-Mukarramah; Arabic: ‎) is the capital city of Saudi Arabias Makkah province, in the historic Hijaz region. ... Quraish (Arabic: ‎ translit: ) is the Meccan tribe that the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged to before he received the revelations of Islam. ... The History of Islam involves the history of the Islamic faith as a religion and as a social institution. ... According to many religions, a miracle, derived from the old Latin word miraculum meaning something wonderful, is a striking interposition of divine intervention by God in the universe by which the operations of the ordinary course of Nature are overruled, suspended, or modified. ...

Banu Qaynuqa

The Banu Qaynuqa were a Jewish tribe of pre-Islamic Arabia. They were among the first Jews that settled at Medina, and the most powerful of all the Jewish tribes of the peninsula before Islam. They formed a gild of goldsmiths. They had also a marketplace, known under the name "Market of the Banu Qaynuqa," which was the general marketplace of the city before Muhammad laid out the great marketplace. Besides this they possessed two strong castles in the north of Medina. After Muhammad had come to Medina, he endeavored to win all the Jews over to Islam. Failing in his efforts, he assumed a more threatening attitude and first declared war on the Banu Qaynuqa. They retired to their fortresses, but after a siege which lasted fifteen days, they surrendered. Mohammed put them in chains, and wished to have all the men executed. He was, however, persuaded to spare them on condition that they quitted the town, leaving their goods and chattels in the hands of the conquerors. Subsequently they settled in Adra'at and Qadi al-Qura in the north. ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... Islam (Arabic: ; ( â–¶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ... The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ... Medina (Arabic: ‎ or المدينة ; also transliterated into English as Madinah) is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia. ... Categories: Stub | Jewellery | Smiths ... Street markets such as this one in Rue Mouffetard, Paris are still common in France. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

625

Events October 27 - Pope Boniface V succeeded by Pope Honorius I. Births Adamnan, abbot of Iona Empress Wu Zetian of China Deaths Pope Boniface V Category: 625 ...

March 23 — Battle of Uhud

The Battle of Uhud was fought between a small Muslim force and a force from Mecca. Uhud is near Medina. The Muslims had the worst of the encounter and retired after having lost some seventy-five men. However, the Meccans did not pursue the Muslims into Medina, but marched back to Mecca. Combatants Muslims Quraysh-led Coalition Commanders Muhammad Abu Sufyan Strength 1,000 3,000 Casualties 75 dead Unknown The Battle of Uhud was fought on 23 March, 625 CE, between a force from the small Muslim community of Medina, in what is now north-western Arabia, and a force from... Mecca or Makkah (in full: Makkah al-Mukarramah; Arabic: ‎) is the capital city of Saudi Arabias Makkah province, in the historic Hijaz region. ...

The encounter is generally regarded as a victory for the Meccans and a serious setback for the Muslims. Watt, in his 1956 account of the battle, disagrees; he concludes that while the Muslims did not win, the Meccans themselves had suffered some losses and did not feel strong enough to attack the Muslims in their stronghold. Since the Meccans had embarked on the venture with an eye to subduing the Muslims entirely, their mission had actually failed ^[3]. William Montgomery Watt is a English Islamic scholar. ...

Expulsion of Banu Nadir to Khaybar

The Banu Nadir were one of the three main Jewish tribes living in Medina. Following some event, Muhammad expelled Banu Nadir from the city in 625 and confiscating their land. The tribe moved to the oasis of Khaybar where they would conflict in in 628 The Banu Nadir (Arabic: ‎) were one of the three main Jewish tribes living in Medina, now in Saudi Arabia, in the 7th century. ... Khaybar is the name of a geographical location in Saudi Arabia. ... This article describes some ethnic, historic, and cultural aspects of the Jewish identity; for a consideration of the Jewish religion, refer to the article Judaism. ... A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally, consists of a social group existing before the development of, or outside of, states, though some modern theorists hold that contemporary tribes can only be understood in terms of their relationship to states. ... Medina (Arabic: ‎ or المدينة ; also transliterated into English as Madinah) is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

626

Attack on Dumat al-Jandal: Syria Events July 2 - In the early morning, Li Shimin, the future Emperor Tang Taizong of China, eliminated two of his brothers, Li Yuanji and the crown prince Li Jiancheng in a coup détat at the Xuanwu Gate in Changan. ...

627

Events April 11 - Paulinus, a Roman missionary, baptizes King Edwin of Deira December 12 - Battle of Nineveh: Byzantine Emperor Heraclius defeats the Persians Births Deaths November 10 - Justus, Archbishop of Canterbury Categories: 627 ...

Battle of the Trench

The Battle of the Trench was an attack by the city of Mecca on the city Medina in 627. The name "Battle of the Trench" comes from the fact that the Muslims dug a trench north of Medina to protect the city (Medina was naturally fortified on all other fronts). Although Mecca fielded a larger army it was not unable to overcome the defenses. Combatants Muslims Quraysh-led Coalition Commanders Muhammad Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Strength 3,000 10,000 The Battle of Khandaq (AKA Battle of the Trench (Arabic غزوةالخندق), Battle of the Ditch, Battle of Ahzab (Arabic غزوةالاحزاب) was an attack by the city of Mecca on the city Medina in 627. ... Mecca or Makkah (in full: Makkah al-Mukarramah; Arabic: ‎) is the capital city of Saudi Arabias Makkah province, in the historic Hijaz region. ... Medina (Arabic: ‎ or المدينة ; also transliterated into English as Madinah) is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia. ... Events April 11 - Paulinus, a Roman missionary, baptizes King Edwin of Deira December 12 - Battle of Nineveh: Byzantine Emperor Heraclius defeats the Persians Births Deaths November 10 - Justus, Archbishop of Canterbury Categories: 627 ...

Banu Qurayza

The Banu Qurayza were a Jewish tribe who lived in Medina. The bulk of the tribe's men, apart from a few who converted to Islam, were killed in 627 CE, following a siege mounted by Muslim inhabitants of Medina and immigrants from Mecca. The Muslims claimed that the Banu Qurayza had agreed to aid their Meccan enemies in their attack on Medina, which the Muslims had just repulsed in the Battle of the Trench. The Banu Qurayza (Arabic بنو قريظة; alternate spellings include Quraiza, Qurayzah, Quraytha, and the archaic Koreiza) were a Jewish tribe who lived in northern Arabia during the 7th century, at the oasis of Yathrib (now known as Medina). ... This article describes some ethnic, historic, and cultural aspects of the Jewish identity; for a consideration of the Jewish religion, refer to the article Judaism. ... Combatants Muslims Quraysh-led Coalition Commanders Muhammad Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Strength 3,000 10,000 The Battle of Khandaq (AKA Battle of the Trench (Arabic غزوةالخندق), Battle of the Ditch, Battle of Ahzab (Arabic غزوةالاحزاب) was an attack by the city of Mecca on the city Medina in 627. ...

Banu Kalb

Banu Kalb subjugation: Dumat al-Jandal

628

Events Khusro II of Persia overthrown Pippin of Landen becomes Mayor of the Palace Brahmagupta writes the Brahmasphutasiddhanta Births Deaths Empress Suiko of Japan Theodelinda, queen of the Lombards Categories: 628 ...

Zaynab bint Jahsh

In 628, Muhammad married Zaynab bint Jahsh. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Treaty of Hudaybiyyah

The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was signed in 628. In 628 C.E. a group of 1,600 Muslims marched towards Mecca, in an attempt to perform the pilgrimage. This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... Mecca or Makkah (in full: Makkah al-Mukarramah; Arabic: ‎) is the capital city of Saudi Arabias Makkah province, in the historic Hijaz region. ... The Hajj (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: ), (Turkish:Hac) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca in Islam. ...

"Then he [Muhammad] marched till he reached al-Hudaybiyya which lies at the limit of the Haram [sacred territory of Mecca] area at a distance of nine miles from Mecca." ^[4]

The group was prepared with sacrificial animals, as they hoped that the Quraish would honour the Arabian custom of allowing unarmed pilgrims to enter the city. The Quraish, however, intercepted the Muslim party, well outside Mecca. By this time all of Arabia was aware of the military strength of the Muslims. Muhammad, the leader of the Muslims, was also desperate to avoid bloodshed in or near the holiest city of Islam. Therefore the two parties decided to resolve the matter through diplomacy, rather than warfare. Quraish (Arabic: ‎ translit: ) is the Meccan tribe that the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged to before he received the revelations of Islam. ... Quraish (Arabic: ‎ translit: ) is the Meccan tribe that the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged to before he received the revelations of Islam. ...

"Today whatever condition Quraysh make in which they ask me to show kindness to kindred I shall agree to". ^[5]

Letters to the Heads-of-State

After the agreement-of-Hudaybiyya Muhammad decided to send letters to many rulers of the world, inviting them to Islam ^{[6] [7][8]} Hence he send messengers (with letters) to Heraclius of the Byzantine Empire (The eastern Roman Empire), Chosroes of Persia, the chief of Yeman and to some others. ^{[6] [7]}

Battle of Khaybar

Ruins of a Jewish fortress in Khaybar

The Battle of Khaybar between Muhammad and the Jews of Khaybar (an oasis near Medina) resulted in the defeated of the later. The Banu Nadir had moved here three years earlier, and this time most of their male members where killed. Their wives and property became spoils of war for the Muslims. Muhammad took a share of the spoils, and took Safiyya bint Huyayy, the widow of the tribe's slain treasurer as his wife. Combatants Muslims Jews of Khaybar oasis Commanders Muhammad  ? Strength 1,400 - 1,800  ? Casualties  ?  ? The Battle of Khaybar was fought in the year 629 between Muhammad and his followers against the Jews living in Khaybar, an oasis located 150 kilometers (95 miles) from Medina in the area of Hejaz of... Image File history File links Khaybar. ... Image File history File links Khaybar. ... The Banu Nadir (Arabic: ‎) were one of the three main Jewish tribes living in Medina, now in Saudi Arabia, in the 7th century. ... Safiyya bint Huyayy (Arabic: صفية بنت حيي, c. ...

629

Events Jerusalem reconquered by Byzantine Empire from the Persian Empire (September). ...

Dhu al-Qi'dah — The first pilgrimage

First hajj pilgrimage in the month of Dhu al-Qi'dah, in accordance to the treaty of the previous year ^[9]. Dhu al-Qidah ( ذو القعدة ) is the eleventh month in the Islamic calendar. ... The Hajj (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: ), (Turkish:Hac) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca in Islam. ... Dhu al-Qidah ( ذو القعدة ) is the eleventh month in the Islamic calendar. ...

Battle of Mu'tah

The Battle of Mu'tah was fought in 629 near the village of Mu'tah, now a town in Jordan, located to the east of the Jordan River, between a Muslim force dispatched by Muhammad and the Byzantine army. In Muslim sources, the battle is usually portrayed as a heroic feat wherein the Muslims held against a vastly superior Byzantine force. Academic scholars view the battle as an unsuccessful expedition by Muhammad aimed at conquering the Arabs living to the east of Jordan.^[10] Combatants Muslims Byzantine Empire Commanders †Zayd ibn Harithah [citation needed] †Jafar ibn Abi Talib [citation needed] †Abdullah ibn Rawahah [citation needed] Khalid ibn al-Walid Theodorus Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown/ Heavy Unknown/ Heavy The Battle of Mutah (Arabic: ‎) was fought in 629 near the village of Mutah... Events Jerusalem reconquered by Byzantine Empire from the Persian Empire (September). ... This article is about the Jordan River and its valley in western Asia. ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان) is an adherent of Islam. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Byzantine Empire (Greek: Βυζαντινή Αυτοκρατορία) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

630

Events Muhammad captures Mecca (January). ...

Conquest of Mecca

Mecca was conquered by the Muslims in the year 630 A.D. In 628 the Meccan tribe of Quraish and the Muslim community in Medina signed a truce called the Treaty of Hudaybiyya. Despite improved relations between Mecca and Medina after the signing of the Treaty of Hudaybiyya, a 10 year peace was to be broken by Quraish who, with their allies, the tribe of Bakr, attacked the tribe of Khuza'ah who were allies of the Muslims and it was possibly not known to the Pagan tribes at the time. However, the treaty was deemed broken. Abu Sufyan, the leader of the Quraish in Mecca, was aware that the balances were now tilted in Muhammad's favour, went to Medina to restore the treaty but Muhammad refused to accommodate him and Abu Sufyan returned to Mecca empty handed. An approximately 10,000 strong Muslim army marched towards Mecca which soon surrendered peacefully. Muhammad acted generously to the Meccans, demanding only that the pagan idols around the Kaaba be destroyed. Abu Sufyan converted to Islam and Muhammad announced Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Mecca or Makkah (in full: Makkah al-Mukarramah; Arabic: ‎) is the capital city of Saudi Arabias Makkah province, in the historic Hijaz region. ... Events Muhammad captures Mecca (January). ... Events Khusro II of Persia overthrown Pippin of Landen becomes Mayor of the Palace Brahmagupta writes the Brahmasphutasiddhanta Births Deaths Empress Suiko of Japan Theodelinda, queen of the Lombards Categories: 628 ... Treaty of Hudaybiyya (628) In the name of Allah. ... Abu Sufyan ibn Harb was the leader of the Banu Abd Shams clan of the Quraish tribe, and was the chieftain of the entire Quraish tribe, making him one of, if not the most powerful men in Mecca during the lifetime of Muhammad. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Masjid al Haram The Kaaba ( translit: Persian: ‎ ) also known as al-Ka‘abatu’l-Musharrafat (), al-Baytu l-‘Atīq (), or al-Baytu’l-Ḥarām ( The Sacred House), is a building located inside the mosque known as al-Masjidu’l-Ḥarām in Mecca. ...

"Who enters the house of Abu Sufyan will be safe, who lays down arms will be safe, who locks his door will be safe".

Aftermath

This event ended with the events of Muhammad's life after taking control over Mecca. The period when Muhammad in Medina started with the Conquest of Mecca in 630 and ended with the his death in 632. ...

See also

• History of Islam
• Timeline of Islamic history

The History of Islam involves the history of the Islamic faith as a religion and as a social institution. ... There is much more to Muslim history than military and political history; this particular chronology is almost entirely of military and political history. ...

References

1. ^ ^a b http://www.islamic-council.org/lib/men/ABD-ALLAH-IBN-RAWAAHAH.html
2. ^ Quraish refers to the tribe in control of Mecca. The plural and adjective are Quraishi. The terms "Quraishi" and "Meccan" are used interchangeably between the Hijra in 622 and the Muslim Conquest of Mecca in 630.
3. ^ (pp. 27-29)
4. ^ Kitab Al-Tabaqat Al-Kabir
5. ^ Sirat Rasul Allah
6. ^ ^a b Lings, Martin (1994). Muhammad: His Life based on the earliest sources. Suhail Academy Lahore, 260.
7. ^ ^a b Khan, Dr. Majid Ali (1998). Muhammad The Final Messenger. Islamic Book Service, New Delhi, 110002 (India). ISBN 81-85738-25-4, 250-251.
8. ^ Haykal, Muhammad Husayn (1993). The Life of Muhammad (Translated from the 8th Edition By Ism'il Ragi A. Al Faruqi). Islami Book Trust, Kula Lumpur, 360.
9. ^ [1]
10. ^ Buhl, F. "Mu'ta". Encyclopaedia of Islam Online Edition. Ed. P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Academic Publishers. ISSN 1573-3912.