NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Mumbai City

Mumbai (IPA: /mʊm'baɪ/), formerly known as Bombay (IPA: /bɒm'beɪ/), is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and is the most populous Indian city. Mumbai is located on an island off the west coast of India. With an estimated metropolitan population in 2005 of 17 million^[1], it is the sixth largest metropolitan area in the world, and clustered along with its outlying satellite townships forms one of the world's most populous conurbations. The city, which has a deep natural harbour, is also the largest port in western India, handling over half of India's passenger traffic. Location of Bombay in India Map based on Ankurs image:IndiaMap. ... India is subdivided into 28 states, 6 union territories and a national capital territory. ... Maharashtra (à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°) is Indias third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. ... This is a list of districts of India. ... Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the most populous Indian city. ... Datta Dalvi is an Indian politician from the Shiv Sena political party. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum, called zero level. ... The metre, symbol: m, is the basic unit of distance (or of length, in the parlance of the physical sciences) in the International System of Units. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a physical quantity. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 kmÂ² and 10,000 kmÂ². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Time zones are areas of the Earth that have adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Indian Standard Time (IST) is the time zone for India. ... Coordinated Universal Time or UTC, also sometimes referred to as Zulu time, is an atomic realization of Universal Time or Greenwich Mean Time, the astronomical basis for civil time. ... The International Phonetic Alphabet is a system of phonetic notation used by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) the human vocal apparatus can produce. ... The International Phonetic Alphabet is a system of phonetic notation used by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) the human vocal apparatus can produce. ... India is subdivided into 28 states, 6 union territories and a National Capital Territory. ... Maharashtra (à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°) is Indias third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. ... This is a list of cities in India: * indicates capital cities. ... The Konkan, also called the Konkan Coast or Karavali is the name given to a stretch of rugged and beautiful section of the western coastline of India from Ratnagiri to Mangalore. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... New Bombay (also known as Navi Mumbai) is a satellite twin of the city of Bombay, India. ... This page lists the 100 largest metropolitan areas of the world by population. ... A conurbation is an urban area comprising a number of cities or towns which, through population growth and expansion, have physically merged to form one continuous built up area. ... A harbor (or harbour) or haven is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. ...

Mumbai is the commercial capital of India, and houses important financial institutions such as the Reserve Bank of India, the Bombay Stock Exchange, and the corporate headquarters of many Indian companies. Owing to the immense business opportunities available in Mumbai and the relatively high standard of living, it has attracted migrants from all over India and South Asia, making the city a potpourri of various communities and cultures. Within Mumbai is located Bollywood, the epicentre of the country's Hindi film and television industry, producing the world's highest number of films annually. Mumbai is also one of the rare cities to accommodate a National Park within its municipal limits. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India, and was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. ... The Bombay Stock Exchange is located in Dalal Street, Mumbai. ... This is a list of Indian companies. ... The single most common indicator which is used to quantify standard of living is the per capita purchasing power parity (PPP) adjusted gross domestic product (GDP). ... Map of South Asia. ... The term cosmopolitan refers to an individual who retains cultural roots in his or her country of origin, yet has adopted a wide taste for other cultures, and so lives both a local and global life. ... The culture of India is one of the oldest cultures known to humanity. ... Typical Bollywood Movie Poster Bollywood is the informal name given to the popular Mumbai-based film industry in India. ... Hindi (à¤¹à¤¿à¤¨à¥à¤¦à¥€) is a language spoken in most states in northern and central India. ... India is a major regional center for cinema. ... The Borivali National Park, also known as Sanjay Gandhi National Park is the world’s only National Park within city limits. ...

The appellation Mumbai is an eponym, etymologically derived from Mumba — the name of the local Hindu goddess Mumbadevi, and Aai — meaning mother in Marathi. In the 16th century, the Portuguese named the area Bom Bahia, which means Good Bay. This was later corrupted to Bomaím or Bombaim, by which name it is still known in Portuguese; and after the British gained possession, it was anglicised to Bombay. The name was officially changed from Bombay to Mumbai in 1995, but the former name is still popularly used in the West and by many of the city's inhabitants and famous institutions. An appellation in its broadest sense is a name or designation. ... An eponym is a person, whether real or fictitious, whose name has (or is thought to have) given rise to the name of a particular place, tribe, discovery, or other item. ... Etymology is the study of the origins of words. ... This article is about the Hindu religion; for other meanings of the word, see Hindu (disambiguation). ... Mumba Devi Mandir, or Mumba Devi Temple, is an old Hindu temple in the city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay) dedicated to the goddess Mumba. ... Mother with her child (Sculpture) A mother is typically the biological or social female parent of a child or offspring while the male parent is the father. ... Marathi is one of the widely spoken languages of India, and has a long literary history. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... To anglicise (or in North American English anglicize) is to adapt a foreign word into the English language, often modifying its form to correspond to standard English French demoiselle, meaning little lady. Another common type of anglicisation is the inclusion of a foreign article as part of a noun (eg. ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... West is most commonly a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. ...

History

Main article: History of Mumbai Mumbai is Indias largest city and the commercial capital of the country. ...

Present-day Mumbai was originally made up of seven isles. Artefacts found near Kandivali in northern Mumbai indicate that these islands had been inhabited since the Stone Age. In the 3rd century BCE, they were part of the Maurya empire, ruled by the Buddhist emperor Ashoka. The Hindu rulers of the Silhara dynasty later governed the islands until 1343, when it was annexed by the kingdom of Gujarat. Some of the oldest edifices of the archipelago–the Elephanta Caves and the Walkeshwar temple complex date to this era. The list of seven islands that were merged to form the city of Bombay. ... Kandivali or Kandivli is the name of a railway station on the Mumbai suburban railway on the Western Railway railway line. ... Stone Age fishing hook. ... (4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - other centuries) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) Events The first two Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome over dominance in western Mediterranean Rome conquers Spain Great Wall of China begun Indian traders regularly visited Arabia Scythians occupy... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), known to the Greeks as Sandracottus, was the first emperor of the Mauryan empire. ... Statues of Buddha such as this, the Tian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. ... Emperor Ashoka (a possible picturisation) Ashoka the Great (also Asoka, AÅ›oka, pronounced as Ashok-uh, not Ashokaa) was the ruler of the Mauryan empire from 273 BC to 232 BC. A convert to Buddhism, Ashoka reigned over most of the Indian subcontinent, from present day Afghanistan to Bengal and... The Hindu Silhara dynasty ruled the region around present day Mumbai from the 9 century to the 13 century. ... -1... Gujarat (ગુજરાત in Gujarati) is the most industrialized state in India after Maharashtra and is located in western India, bordered by Pakistan to the northwest and Rajasthan to the north. ... An archipelago is a landform which consists of a chain or cluster of islands. ... Elephanta Caves are located one and one-half hours (by boat) out of Mumbai in the Sea of Oman. ... Banganga Tank is part of the Walkeshwar Temple Complex in the city of Bombay, India. ...

In 1534, the Portuguese appropriated the islands from Bahadur Shah of Gujarat. They were ceded to Charles II of England in 1661 as dowry or, more appropriately, wedding gifts of Catherine de Braganza. They in turn were leased to the British East India Company in 1668 for a sum of £10 per annum. The company found the deep harbour at Bombay eminently apposite, and the population rose from 10,000 in 1661 to 60,000 by 1675. In 1687, the East India Company transferred their headquarters from Surat to Bombay. Events May 10 - Jacques Cartier explores Newfoundland while searching for the Northwest Passage. ... Bahadur Shah (ruled 1526-1535, 1536-1537) was a Sultan of Gujarat. ... Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 30 January 1649 (de jure) or 29 May 1660 (de facto) until his death. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... A dowry (also known as trousseau) is a gift of money or valuables given by the brides family to that of the groom to permit their marriage. ... Catherine of Braganza. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was a joint-stock company of investors, which was granted a Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intent to favour trade privileges in India. ... Events January - The Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed. ... The pound sterling, which strictly speaking refers to basic currency unit of sterling, now the pound, can generally refer to the currency of the United Kingdom (UK). ... This page includes English translations of several Latin phrases and abbreviations such as . ... A harbor (or harbour) or haven is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... Events January 5 - The Battle of Turckeim August 10 - Building of the Royal Greenwich Observatory began November 11 - Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs. ... Events March 19 - The men under explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle murder him while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. ... Surat is a port city in the Indian state of Gujarat. ...

From 1817 the city was reshaped, with large civil engineering projects aimed at merging the islands into a single amalgamated mass. This project, the Hornby Vellard, was completed by 1845 and resulted in the area swelling to 435 km². Eight years later, in 1853, India's first railway line was established, connecting Bombay to Thana. During the American Civil War, (1861–1865) the city became the world's chief cotton market, resulting in a boom in the economy and subsequently in the city's stature. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 transformed Bombay into one of the largest Arabian Sea ports. 1817 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... In modern usage, civil engineering is a broad field of engineering that deals with the planning, construction, and maintenance of fixed structures, or public works, as they related to earth, water, or civilization and their processes. ... The Hornby Vellard was a civil engineering project aimed at uniting all seven islands of Bombay into a single island with a deep natural harbour. ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... For the Anglo-Saxon royal retainer, see Thane/Thegn. ... The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the United States â€“ forces coming mostly from the 23 northern states of the Union â€“ and the newly-formed Confederate States of America, which consisted of 11 southern states that had declared their secession. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Cotton is a soft fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to the tropical and subtropical regions of both the Old World and the New World. ... 1881 drawing of the Suez Canal The Suez Canal (Arabic, QanÄ al-Suways), west of the Sinai Peninsula, is a 163-km maritime canal in Egypt between Port Said (BÅ«r SaÄ«d) on the Mediterranean Sea and Suez (al-Suways) on the Red Sea. ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The city grew into a major urban centre over the next thirty years, owing to an improvement in the infrastructure and the construction of many of the city's institutions. The population of the city swelled to one million by 1906, making it the second largest in India, after Calcutta. It later became a major base for the Indian independence movement, with the Quit India Movement called by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942 being its most rubric event. After independence, the city incorporated parts of the island of Salsette, expanding to its present day limits in 1957. It became the capital of the new linguistic state of Maharashtra in 1960. Download high resolution version (1281x960, 344 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1281x960, 344 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... 1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1906 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This article is on Calcutta/Kolkata, the city. ... The Indian independence movement was a series of steps taken in the Indian subcontinent for independence from British colonial rule, beginning with the Rebellion of 1857. ... The Quit India Movement was a call for immediate independence for India issued by MK Gandhi on August 8, 1942. ... Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (October 2, 1869 â€“ January 30, 1948) (Devanagari: à¤®à¥‹à¤¹à¤¨à¤¦à¤¾à¤¸ à¤•à¤°à¤®à¤šà¤¨à¥à¤¦ à¤—à¤¾à¤‚à¤§à¥€, Gujarati àª®à«‹àª¹àª¨àª¦àª¾àª¸ àª•àª°àª®àªšàª‚àª¦ àª—àª¾àª‚àª§à«€), called Mahatma Gandhi, was the charismatic leader who brought the cause of Indias independence from British colonial rule to world attention. ... 1942 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Maharashtra (à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°) is Indias third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. ... 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In the late 1970s Bombay witnessed a construction boom, with a significant increase in population owing to the influx of migrants. By 1986 it had overtaken Calcutta as the most populated Indian city. The city's secular fabric was torn in 1992, after large-scale Hindu-Muslim riots caused extensive losses to life and property. A few months later, on March 12, simultaneous bombings of the city's establishments by the underworld killed around three hundred. In 1995, the city was renamed Mumbai after the right wing Shiv Sena party came into power in Maharashtra, in keeping with their policy of renaming colonial institutions after historic local appellations. This article provides extensive lists of events and significant personalities of the 1970s. ... 1986 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is on Calcutta/Kolkata, the city. ... 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Hindu religion; for other meanings of the word, see Hindu (disambiguation). ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... Riots in Newark, New Jersey Riots occur when crowds of people have gathered and are committing crimes or acts of violence. ... March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (72nd in Leap years). ... The 1993 Mumbai bombings were a series of bomb explosions that took place in Mumbai (Bombay), India on March 12, 1993. ... Categories: Wikipedia cleanup | Stub ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... SS election symbol Shiv Sena or à¤¶à¤¿à¤µ à¤¸à¥‡à¤¨à¤¾ (meaning Army of Shiva, referring to Shivaji) is a political party in India founded on June 19, 1966 by Bal Thackeray who is the president of the party. ...

Geography

Mumbai is located on Salsette Island which lies at the mouth of Ulhas River off the western coast of India in the coastal region known as the Konkan. Most of Mumbai is at sea level and the average elevation ranges from 10 to 15 metres. The northern part of Mumbai is hilly and the highest point of the city is at 450 metres (1,450 feet)^[2]. Mumbai spans a total area of 438 km² (169 sq miles). City districts of Bombay File links The following pages link to this file: Mumbai Categories: Images with unknown source ... City districts of Bombay File links The following pages link to this file: Mumbai Categories: Images with unknown source ... The island as seen from the sky Salsette is an island in Maharashtra state on Indias west coast. ... The Ulhas River is a river of western India. ... The Konkan, also called the Konkan Coast or Karavali is the name given to a stretch of rugged and beautiful section of the western coastline of India from Ratnagiri to Mangalore. ... For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ... The metre, symbol: m, is the basic unit of distance (or of length, in the parlance of the physical sciences) in the International System of Units. ... Foot (unit of length) - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... This article is about the unit of measure. ...

Within the metropolitan limits are present three lakes — the Tulsi Lake, Vihar Lake and the Powai Lake. The first two are present within the Borivali National Park and supply part of the city's drinking water. Mumbai also has three small rivers within the city limits originating in the National Park. The coastline of the city is indented with numerous creeks and bays. On the eastern seaboard, large mangrove swamps rich in biodiversity occupy most of the region. Tulsi lake is Mumbais second largest lake. ... Vihar lake is Mumbais largest lake. ... Powai is a huge artificial lake about 20 miles from Bombay (Mumbai), India. ... The Borivali National Park, also known as Sanjay Gandhi National Park is the world’s only National Park within city limits. ... Creek can be: A native American tribe, see Creek (people) The language of that tribe, see Creek language In US and Australian usage, a waterflow, smaller than a river, see Creek (stream) In UK usage, a tidal watercourse, usually drying to little or no flow at low tide, see Creek... In geography, a bay or gulf is a collection of water that is surrounded by land on three sides. ... Above and below water view at the edge of the mangal Mangrove are woody trees or shrubs that grow in coastal habitats or mangal (Hogarth, 1999), for which the term mangrove swamp also would apply. ... A freshwater swamp swamp (disambiguation) A swamp is a wetland that features permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water, generally with a substantial number of hummocks, or dry-land protrusions. ... Biodiversity or biological diversity is the diversity of and in living nature. ...

Soil cover in the city region is predominantly sandy owing to its proximity to the sea. In the suburbs the soil cover is largely alluvial and loamy. The underlying rock of the region is composed of black Deccan basalt flows and their acid and basic variants dating back to the late Cretaceous and early Eocene geological eras. Mumbai sits on a seismically active zone^[3] owing to the presence of three fault lines in the vicinity. The area is classified as a Zone III region, which means an earthquake of magnitude of up to 6.5 can be expected. Patterns in the sand Sand is an example of a class of materials called granular matter. ... Alluvium is soil land deposited by a river or other running water. ... Loam is soil composed of sand, silt, and clay, with particles of various sizes, evenly mixed. ... Introduction The Deccan Plateau is a vast plateau in India, encompassing most of Central and Southern India. ... Basalt Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock, sometimes porphyritic, and is often both fine-grained and dense. ... An acid (often represented by the generic formula AH) is typically a water-soluble, sour-tasting chemical compound. ... The common (Arrhenius) definition of a base is a chemical compound that either donates hydroxide ions or absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. ... The Cretaceous period is one of the major divisions of the geologic timescale, reaching from the end of the Jurassic period (about 135 mya) to the beginning of the Paleocene epoch of the Tertiary period (65 mya). ... The Eocene epoch (56-34 MYA) is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Palaeogene period in the Cenozoic era. ... Geologic timeline can refer to: The geologic timescale of Earth history. ... Global earthquake epicenters, 1963â€“1998 An earthquake is a trembling or a shaking movement of the Earths surface. ...

Mumbai is classified as a metropolis of India, under the jurisdiction of a municipality. It consists of two discrete regions — the City and the Suburbs, which also form two districts of Maharashtra. Residents of the city are colloquially known as townies and those from the suburbs are known as 'burbies. The city region is also commonly referred to as the Island City by most media publications^[4].

As a coastal city, Bombay has a whole lot of beaches along its western coast. ...

Climate

Main article: Weather of Mumbai Mumbai has two weather monitoring stations. ...

The city, being in the tropical zone and near the Arabian Sea, does not experience distinct seasons, but the climate can broadly be classified into two main seasons — the humid season and the dry season. The humid season, between March to October, is characterised by high humidity and temperatures of over 30 °C (86 °F). The monsoon rains lash the city during June to September and supply most of the city's annual rainfall of 2,200 mm (85 in). The maximum annual rainfall ever recorded was 3,451.6 mm (135.89 in) in 1954^[5]. Satellite image of the city of Mumbai, India File links The following pages link to this file: Mumbai Salsette Island Categories: Images with unknown source ... Satellite image of the city of Mumbai, India File links The following pages link to this file: Mumbai Salsette Island Categories: Images with unknown source ... The island as seen from the sky Salsette is an island in Maharashtra state on Indias west coast. ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... The Arabian Sea is the part of the Indian Ocean between the Arabian Peninsula and India. ... Humidity is the concentration of water vapor in the air. ... March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... October is the tenth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... The degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686â€“1736), who proposed it in 1724. ... Monsoon in the Vindhya(mountains) in central India A monsoon is a periodic wind, especially in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... September is the ninth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four Gregorian months with the length of 30 days. ... In meteorology, precipitation is any kind of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... Mid-19th century tool for converting between different standards of the inch An inch is an Imperial unit of length. ... 1954 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

The dry season, between November and February, is characterised by moderate levels of humidity and warm to cool weather. Cold northerly winds are responsible for a high wind chill factor during January and February. The annual temperatures range from a high of 38 °C (100 °F) to a low of 11 °C (52 °F). The record high is 43 °C (108 °F) and record low is 7.4 °C (45 °F) on 1962-01-22. November is the eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four Gregorian months with the length of 30 days. ... February is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Wind chill is the apparent temperature felt on the exposed human (or animal) body due to the combination of air temperature and wind speed. ... January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... February is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Economy

Main article: Economy of Mumbai Mumbai is the commercial capital of the country, contributing 10% of factory employment, 33% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of Indias foreign trade and rupees 40,000 crore (US $9 billion) in corporate taxes. ...

Mumbai contributes 10% of factory employment, 33% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of India's foreign trade and rupees 40,000 crore (US $9 billion) in corporate taxes^[6]. Headquarters of a number of Indian financial institutions such as the Bombay Stock Exchange, Reserve Bank of India, National Stock Exchange, the Mint, as well as numerous Indian conglomerates such as the Tata Group, Godrej and Reliance are located in Mumbai. Most of these offices are located in downtown South Mumbai which is the nerve centre of the Indian economy, leading its Dalal Street to become known as "the Indian Wall Street". Many foreign establishments also have their branches in this area. Download high resolution version (1796x1428, 524 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1796x1428, 524 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Gateway of India The Gateway of India is a monument located in Mumbai, India. ... A factory (previously manufactory) is a large industrial building where goods or products are manufactured. ... Income tax is a direct tax which is levied on the income of private individuals. ... Customs duty is a tariff or tax on the import or export of goods. ... An excise is an indirect tax or duty levied on items within a country. ... International trade is defined as trade between two or more partners from different countries (an exporter and an importer). ... The Indian Rupee is the official currency of India. ... A crore is a unit in a traditional number system, still widely used in India and Bangladesh. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... To help compare orders of magnitude this page lists dimensionless numbers between 109 and 1012. ... Corporate tax refers to direct taxes charged by various jurisdictions on the profits made by companies or associations. ... The Bombay Stock Exchange is located in Dalal Street, Mumbai. ... The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India, and was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. ... The National Stock Exchange of India, also known as NSE, is one of largest and advanced stock markets in India. ... The India Government Mint, Mumbai is one of the five mints in India situated in the city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay). ... Tata is an important group of companies in India. ... Godrej Group Of Companies, they are named after The Godrej family of India. ... Reliance could refer to: Reliance Industries Limited Reliance Infocomm This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... South Mumbai South Mumbai (also referred to as South Bombay) is a geographic region in the city of Mumbai, India. ... Dalal Street in Mumbai, India is the location of the Bombay Stock Exchange and many related financial firms and institutions. ... View up Wall Street from Pearl Street Wall Street is the name of a narrow thoroughfare in lower Manhattan running east from Broadway downhill to the East River. ...

Mumbai has traditionally owed its prosperity largely to its textile mills and its seaport till the 1980s. This has now been replaced by industries employing more skilled labour such as engineering, diamond polishing, healthcare and information technology. As Mumbai is the state capital, government employees make up a large percentage of the city's workforce. Mumbai also has a large unskilled and semi-skilled labour population, who primarily earn their livelihood as hawkers, taxi drivers, mechanics and other such proletarian professions. The port and shipping industry too employs many residents directly and indirectly. Textile is also a kind of ReStructured Text. ... // Events and trends The 1980s marked an abrupt shift towards more conservative lifestyles after the momentous cultural revolutions which took place in the 1960s and 1970s and the definition of the AIDS virus in 1981. ... Engineering is the application of science to the needs of humanity. ... A scattering of round-brilliant cut diamonds shows off the many reflecting facets. ... Health care or healthcare is one of the worlds largest and fastest growing professions. ... Categories: Information technology ... A blue-collar worker is a working class employee who performs manual or technical labor, such as in a factory or in technical maintenance trades, in contrast to a white-collar worker, who does non-manual work generally at a desk. ...

The entertainment industry is the other major employer in Mumbai. Most of India's television and satellite networks are located in Mumbai, as well as the major publishing houses. The epicentre of the Hindi movie industry, Bollywood, is also located in Mumbai, along with the largest studios and production houses. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Typical Bollywood Movie Poster Bollywood is the informal name given to the popular Mumbai-based film industry in India. ... A studio is an artists workroom. ...

Civic administration

The city is administered by a municipal corporation (Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC)), whose titular head is the Mayor who has few executive powers. The real executive power of the corporation is vested in the Municipal Commissioner, an IAS officer appointed by the state government. The BMC is in charge of the civic needs and infrastructure of the metropolis. Mumbai is divided into twenty-three municipal wards, each overseen by an Assistant Municipal Commissioner for administrative purposes. The corporators of the administration are voted through a popular vote and almost all the state political parties field their candidates. Datta Dalvi is an Indian politician from the Shiv Sena political party. ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... Johny Joseph (b. ... February 29 is the 60th day of a leap year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 306 days remaining. ... 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Anami Narayan Roy is the Police Commissioner of Mumbai. ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Dr. Jagannathrao Hegde is the Sheriff of Mumbai a titular position only in effect in Bombay and Calcutta in India. ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Pradeep Vyas is the district collector of the city of Bombay, India. ... Twenty three Wards of Bombay (Mumbai) N stands for north S for south after a few wards were bifurcated in the 1990s. ... Twenty three Wards of Bombay (Mumbai) N stands for north S for south after a few wards were bifurcated in the 1990s. ... ... The Mayor of Mumbai is the first citizen of the Indian city of Mumbai. ... The Municipal Commissioner of Mumbai is the chief of the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation. ... The Indian Administrative Service, also called the Steel frame of India, was born out of the need for having a strong administrative network which can be relied upon by the executive arm of the Government for implementing its decisions effectively. ... Maharashtra (à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°) is Indias third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. ... The city of Mumbai, India, is divided into administrative divisions. ...

The metropolis is composed of two districts in Maharashtra, and each district comes under the jurisprudence of the District Collector. The collectors are in charge of property records and revenue collection for the Central government. They also oversee the national elections held in the city. This is a list of districts of India. ... The District Collector is a Central Indian Government appointee who is in charge of the governance of a district in a state. ... The Government of the India, officially referred to as the Union Governnment, and commonly as Central Government, established by the Constitution of India, is a union federal republic of 28 states and 7 union territories. ... The worlds largest democracy, India’s parliament is composed of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. ...

Like other metropolises in India, the Mumbai Police is headed by a Police Commissioner, an IPS officer. The Mumbai Police comes under the state Home Ministry. Mumbai is divided into seven police zones and seventeen traffic police zones, each headed by a Deputy Commissioner of Police. The Traffic Police is a semi-autonomous body under the Mumbai Police. The Mumbai Police has the task of policing the vast metropolitan area of Mumbai, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world. ... The Police Commissioner of Mumbai is the chief of the Mumbai Police. ... The Indian Police Service (IPS) is one of the services of the government of the state of India; others being Indian Administrative Service, Indian Foreign Service, Indian Engineering Service,Indian Economic Service etc. ...

Mumbai is the seat of the Bombay High Court, which has under its jurisdiction the states of Maharashtra, Goa and the Union Territory of Daman and Diu. Mumbai also has two lower courts, the Small Causes Court, for civil matters, and the Sessions Court for criminal cases. The Bombay High Court was inaugurated on August 14, 1862. ... Maharashtra (à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°) is Indias third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. ... Goa (à¤—à¥‹à¤µà¤¾ in Devanagari) is Indias smallest state in terms of area and the fourth smallest in terms of population after Sikkim, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh. ... A union territory is an administrative division of India. ... Daman and Diu is a union territory in India. ... In Indian cities, the Small Causes Court is responsible for adjudicating matters related to civil cases. ... In Indian cities, the Sessions Court is responsible for adjudicating matters related to criminal cases. ...

Mumbai contributes six seats to the Lok Sabha (India's Lower House of Parliament) and thirty-two seats to the Maharashtra state assembly. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house of Parliament of India. ... The Parliament of India is bicameral. ... The Maharashtra state assembly — the Vidhan Sabha is the bicameral legislature of the Indian state of Maharashtra. ...

Transport

Main article: Public transport in Mumbai Public Transport in Mumbai involves the transport of millions of citizens of Mumbai. ...

Most of the city inhabitants rely on public transport to travel to and from their workplace, due to the paucity of parking spaces and traffic bottlenecks. The backbone of the city's transport, the Mumbai Suburban Railway, is composed of three rail networks and runs along the length of the city. The Western Railway runs along the western region of the city, while the Central Railway covers most of the central and northeast parts of the metropolis. Both these lines extend to the exurbs of the city, each covering a total one-way length of around 125 km. The Harbour Line is a sub-division of the Central Railway, covering a distance of 54 km along the extreme east areas of the city region near the docks and extending into New Bombay. Mumbai traffic Source: Antônio Milena/ABr. ... Mumbai traffic Source: Antônio Milena/ABr. ... The Bombay Electric Supply and Transport now christened Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport (BEST) undertaking is an electricity and public transport undertaking of city municipality. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2049x1475, 299 KB) This picture was taken by de:User:Sebastianjude and originally uploaded to de:Image:Shivaji Terminus Bombay (Mumbai). ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2049x1475, 299 KB) This picture was taken by de:User:Sebastianjude and originally uploaded to de:Image:Shivaji Terminus Bombay (Mumbai). ... A taxi serving as a bus Public transport comprises all transport systems in which the passengers do not travel in their own vehicles. ... The Mumbai Suburban Railway system, part of the public transport in Mumbai, carries more than 6. ... The Western Railway is one of the 16 zones of Indian Railways, and is among the busiest railroad networks in India. ... For information about the company in the UK called Central Railway see Central Railway (UK) The Central Railway is one of the 16 zones of Indian Railways, and is one of the largest. ... The harbour line is the portion of the Central Railway which literally goes through the Bombay harbour. So, dont be surprised when you see a lot of shunting yards, ship moors and other stuff typical of any place situated closer to the piers -- including warehouses, also known as godowns. ... For information about the company in the UK called Central Railway see Central Railway (UK) The Central Railway is one of the 16 zones of Indian Railways, and is one of the largest. ... New Bombay (also known as Navi Mumbai) is a satellite twin of the city of Bombay, India. ...

Public buses run by the BEST (an autonomous body under the BMC) cover almost all parts of the metropolis as well as parts of New Bombay and Thane. Buses are used for short to medium distance commuting as train fares are more economical for long distances. The BEST fleet consists of single-decker, double-decker, air-conditioned and vestibule buses. The BEST also operates ferries across creeks in northern Mumbai. The Bombay Electric Supply and Transport now christened Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport (BEST) undertaking is an electricity and public transport undertaking of city municipality. ... Talao Pali Lake Thane (formerly Thana) is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Conurbation, northeast of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. ... The Pride of Burgundy, a P&O Ferries car ferry on the Dover-Calais route A ferry is a boat or a ship carrying passengers, and sometimes their vehicles, on short-distance, scheduled services. ...

Black and yellow metered taxis, accommodating up to four passengers, cover most of the metropolis. Auto rickshaws, allowed to operate only in the suburban area, are the main form of hired transport there. These three-wheeled vehicles can accommodate up to three passengers. Passengers and drivers meet at this auto rickshaw stand in Chennai. ...

Mumbai is served by two airports, the Sahar International Airport near Andheri which caters to international flights and cargo; and the Santacruz Airport, south of the Sahar Airport which caters to domestic flights. The nearby Juhu aerodrome was India's first airport and now hosts a flying club and a heliport. Mumbai traffic Source: Antônio Milena/ABr. ... Mumbai traffic Source: Antônio Milena/ABr. ... Passengers and drivers meet at this auto rickshaw stand in Chennai. ... Chatrapati Shivaji International Airport (also transliterated as Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport), formerly Sahar International Airport, is an airport in Mumbai, India. ... Andheri is the name of a railway station on the Mumbai suburban railway on the Western Railway railway line. ... Santacruz Airport is the domestic airport of the city of Mumbai. ... The Juhu Aerodrome located in Mumbai, was Indias first civil aviation airport opening in 1932. ... A flying club is a small airport used to train commercial pilots and those seeking to pursue flying as a hobby in India. ...

Mumbai is well connected by trains to all parts of India. The city is also the headquarters of two rail divisions, the Central Railway (CR) headquartered at Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly known as Victoria Terminus) and the Western Railway (WR) headquartered at Mumbai Central. With its unique topography, Mumbai has one of the best natural harbours in the world handling 50% of the country's passenger traffic and much of India's cargo. It is also an important base of the Indian Navy. There are various types of trains designed for particular purposes, see rail transport operations. ... Indian Railways (IR) is the state-owned railway company of India having a complete monopoly over the countrys rail transport. ... CST Railway Station Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (better referred to by its acronym CST) - is a historic railway station on Mumbai suburban railway. ... Mumbai Central is the name of a railway station on the Mumbai suburban railway, serving as the railway terminus of the Western Railway. ... The Indian Navy (à¤à¤¾à¤°à¤¤à¤¿à¤¯ à¤¨à¥‹ à¤¸à¥‡à¤¨à¤¾ in Hindi: Bharatiya Nau Sena) is the worlds 7th largest navy. ...

The Mumbai Suburban Railway system, part of the public transport in Mumbai, carries more than 6. ...

Utility services

The BMC supplies potable water to the city most of which come the Tulsi and Vihar lakes, as well as a few lakes further north. The water is then filtered at Bhandup, which is also Asia's largest water filtration plant. The BMC is also responsible for the road maintenance and garbage collection in the city. Almost all the city daily refuse of 7,800 metric tonnes^[7] is transported to dumping grounds in Gorai in the northwest, Mulund in the northeast and Deonar in the east. Sewage treatment is carried out in Worli and Bandra. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1035, 279 KB)Mumbai Skyline from the sea. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1035, 279 KB)Mumbai Skyline from the sea. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Bhandup is a suburb of Mumbai. ... A tonne (also called metric ton) is a non-SI unit of mass, accepted for use with SI, defined as: 1 tonne = 103 kg (= 106 g). ... Gorai is a small township in Bombay, India. ... Mulund is a suburb of Mumbai. ... Deonar is a north-eastern suburb of Mumbai, India. ... Sewage is domestic, municipal, or industrial liquid waste products. ... Worli is a neighbourhood of Mumbai, the largest city in India. ... Bandra is the name of a railway station on the Mumbai suburban railway on the Western Railway railway line. ...

Electricity is provided by the BEST in the city and by Reliance Energy in the suburbs. Most of the city's electricity is hydroelectric and nuclear based. The government owned MTNL is the largest telephone service provider in the city, ascribed to the fact that it was a monopoly till 2000. It provides fixed line services as well as mobile WLL services. Cell phone coverage is extensive and the main service providers are Orange, Airtel, BPL group, Reliance Infocomm and Tata Indicom. Both GSM and CDMA services are available in the city. Electricity is a property of certain subatomic particles (e. ... Reliance Energy is a company run by the Reliance group of industries, one of Indias largest conglomerates. ... Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is a form of hydropower, (i. ... Nuclear energy is energy released from the nucleus of an atom by the conversion of its mass to energy consistent with Albert Einstiens formula E=mcÂ² in which E = Energy, m = Mass and c = the Constant Speed of Light. ... The Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited is the government owned telephone service provider in the cities of Bombay, New Delhi and New Bombay in India. ... A telephone handset A touch-tone telephone dial Telephone Complex relay used in a telephone switching system. ... In economics, a monopoly (from the Greek monos, one + polein, to sell) is defined as a persistent market situation where there is only one provider of a kind of product or service. ... 2000 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wireless local loop (WLL), also called radio in the loop (RITL) or fixed-radio access (FRA), is the use of wireless connection as the last mile for delivering plain old telephone service (POTS) to customers. ... Cellular redirects here. ... See also Orange (disambiguation) for other meanings of the word. ... AirTel is a brand of cell phone services in India operated by Bharti Televentures. ... BPL is an Indian electronics company. ... Reliance Infocomm is one of the biggest telecommunications service provider in India and it belongs to the biggest business group called Reliance Industries Limited. ... Tata Indicom is a private telecom service provider operating in most parts of India. ... GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. ... General Information Generically (as a multiplexing scheme), code division multiple access (CDMA) is any use of any form of spread spectrum by multiple transmitters to send to the same receiver on the same frequency channel at the same time without harmful interference. ...

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Mumbai Mumbai is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in India with over 50% of its population of non-Maharashtrian ethnicity. ...

The population of Mumbai is over 17 million residents at a density of 45,662 persons per square kilometre. There are 811 females to every 1,000 males. The smaller ratio of female-male population is owing to the fact that many working males in the city leave their families in rural areas where they hail from. The total literacy rate is 77%, which is higher than the national average. Out of this figure 82% of adult males and 71.6% of adult females are literate. Hindus comprise 68% of the population, Muslim 17%, Christian 4% and Buddhist 4%. The remaining are followers of Parsi, Jain, Sikh and Jewish religions and atheist ideology^[8]. Mosque Photograph taken ~22 Sept 2003 by Joedjemal Edited 2004 05 10 - see talk page for details File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Mosque Photograph taken ~22 Sept 2003 by Joedjemal Edited 2004 05 10 - see talk page for details File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Jama Masjid is a mosque near Crawford Market in the South Mumbai region of Mumbai, India. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Literacy is the ability to read and write. ... This article is about the Hindu religion; for other meanings of the word, see Hindu (disambiguation). ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... Christianity is an Abrahamic religion based on the life, teachings, death by crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth as described in the New Testament. ... Statues of Buddha such as this, the Tian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. ... a person from Pars (the middle-Persian word for Fars), a region now within the geographical boundaries of Iran, and is roughly the original homeland of the Persian people. ... The hand with a wheel on the palm symbolizes the Jain Vow of Ahinsa, meaning non-injury and nonviolence. ... A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism, a religious faith originating in the Punjab. ... The word Jew (Hebrew: ×™×”×•×“×™) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... For information about the band, see Atheist (band). ...

For a city of its size, Mumbai has a moderate crime rate. Mumbai recorded 27,577 incidents of crime in 2004, which is down 11% from 30,991 in 2001. The city's main jail is the Arthur Road Jail^[9]. 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Arthur Road Jail is Mumbais largest and oldest jail. ...

Mumbai has a large polyglot population but the most common language spoken on the city streets is a colloquial form of Hindi, known as Bambaiya Hindi, which is a blend of Hindi, Marathi, Indian English and a few invented colloquial words. Marathi is the official language of the state of Maharashtra. English is also extensively spoken and is the principal language used by the city's white collar workforce. Other languages spoken in Mumbai include Gujarati, Bengali, Tamil, Urdu, Malayalam, Telugu, Punjabi, Konkani, Nepali and Kannada. Polyglot can mean: The property of speaking multiple languages A person that can speak many languages A book that contains the same text in more than one language, usually a bible such as the first polyglot bible the Complutensian Polyglot Bible A language that is a combination of other languages... Hindi (à¤¹à¤¿à¤¨à¥à¤¦à¥€) is a language spoken in most states in northern and central India. ... Bambaiya Hindi, also Mumbaiyya is a slang form of Hindi/Urdu spoken primarily in Bombay (Mumbai). ... Marathi is one of the widely spoken languages of India, and has a long literary history. ... Indian English is a catch-all phrase for the dialects or varieties of English spoken widely in India (by about 11% of the population, according to the 1991 census) and the Indian subcontinent in general, but also by Desis. ... Maharashtra (à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤°) is Indias third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. ... White-collar workers perform tasks which are less laborious yet often more highly paid than blue-collar workers, who do manual work. ... Gujarati (àª—à«àªœàª°àª¾àª¤à«€, also sometimes Gujrati) is a language native to the state of Gujarat in western India. ... This article is about the Bengali language. ... The letter à®´à¯ is a consonant believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam Tamil is a classical language and one of the major languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. ... Urdu(اردو) is an Indo-European language which originated in India, most likely in the vicinity of Delhi, from whence it spread to the rest of the subcontinent. ... Malayalam (മലയാളം) is the major language of the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... Telugu belongs to the family of Dravidian languages and is the official language of the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. ... Punjabi (sometimes spelled Panjabi) is the language of the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. ... Konkani is a term used to refer both to a language and to an Indian ethnic group. ... Nepali is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Nepal, Bhutan, and some parts of India and Burma. ... Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ...

The following is a timeline of the growth of Mumbais population over the last four centuries 1661: 10,000 inhabitants 1675: 60,000 1864: 816,562 1872: 644,605 1881: 773,196 1891: 821,764 1901: 812,912 (Greater Bombay) 1911: 1,018,388 1921: 1,244,934 1931...

People and culture

Main article: Mumbai culture A resident of Mumbai is called a Mumbaikar or Bombayite. ...

A resident of Mumbai is called a Mumbaikar or Bombayite. Many residents prefer to stay close to major railway stations for easy access to their workplaces as a significant amount of time is spent on daily commuting. Thus many live a fast-paced life with very little time for other activities. Mumbai is known to be one of the most liberal and cosmopolitan cities of India, with the city embracing many concepts which would be taboo in other cities. Mumbai residents celebrate Western and Indian celebrations and festivals with great fanfare. Festivals and celebrations are observed by residents of all communities and religions. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... A taboo is a strong social prohibition (or ban) relating to any area of human activity or social custom declared as sacred and forbidden; breaking of the taboo is usually considered objectionable or abhorrent by society. ... Western Culture refers to the culture that has developed in the Western world. ... List of Festivals in India // Hindu Makar Sankranti, Kite Flying Day, Winter festival Baisakhi Mahashivratri Holi Gudi Padwa Ganesh festival Ram Navami Guru Purnima Gokul Ashtami Karthikai deepam Pongal Raksha Bandhan, Rakhi, Sacred Thread tied by sister on Brothers hand Onam Ganesh Chaturthi Durga Puja Dussehra or Daserra Diwali...

The metropolis has its own local roadside fast food consisting of vada pavs and bhelpuri. South Indian and Chinese food are also very popular in the city. A cosmopolitan city, residents have their unique tastes in cuisine, music, film and literature, both Indian and international. In 2004, Mumbai received three heritage conservation awards from the UNESCO. Fast food is food prepared and served quickly at a fast-food restaurant or shop at low cost. ... Vada Pavs (also spelt Wada Pav) are Bombays very own fast food. ... Bhelpuri is a snack synonymous with the beaches of Bombay. ... A map of South India, its rivers, regions and water bodies. ... China has one of the richest culinary heritages on Earth. ... A cuisine (from French cuisine, meaning cooking; culinary art; kitchen; itself from Latin coquina, meaning the same; itself from the Latin verb coquere, meaning to cook) is a specific set of cooking traditions and practices, often associated with a place of origin. ... The music of India includes multiples varieties of folk, popular, pop, and classical music. ... Film refers to the celluloid media on which movies are printed Film is a term that encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. ... Open Directory Project: Literature World Literature Electronic Text Archives Magazines and E-zines Online Writing Writers Resources Libraries, Digital Cataloguing, Metadata Distance Learning Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Classicism in Literature The Universal Library, by Carnegie Mellon University Project Gutenberg Online Library Abacci - Project Gutenberg texts matched with Amazon... 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... UNESCO logo The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, commonly known as UNESCO, is a specialized agency of the United Nations system established in 1946. ...

Mumbai is the birthplace of Indian cinema, with the oldest film shot here in 1896. Mumbai also boasts of large number of cinemas, including Asia's largest IMAX dome theatre, which feature mainstream Bollywood and Hollywood films. Besides cinemas, the city also hosts various plays and cultural performances. There are also two art galleries: The Jehangir Art Gallery and The National Gallery of Modern Art and a museum, The Prince of Wales Museum in South Mumbai. Built in 1833, the Asiatic Society of Bombay is the oldest public library in the city. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, formerly known as Victoria Terminus Photograph taken ~22 Sept 2003 by Joedjemal Edited 2004 05 10 - see talk page for details File links The following pages link to this file: Mumbai Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Wikipedia:List of images/Places/India Categories: GFDL images ... Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, formerly known as Victoria Terminus Photograph taken ~22 Sept 2003 by Joedjemal Edited 2004 05 10 - see talk page for details File links The following pages link to this file: Mumbai Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Wikipedia:List of images/Places/India Categories: GFDL images ... CST Railway Station Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (better referred to by its acronym CST) - is a historic railway station on Mumbai suburban railway. ... India is a major regional center for cinema. ... 1896 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... World map showing location of Asia Asia is the central and eastern part of the continent of Eurasia, defined by subtracting the European peninsula from Eurasia. ... An IMAX dome in Guayaquil, Ecuador IMAX (for Image Maximum) is a film projection system that has the capacity to display images of far greater size and resolution than conventional film display systems. ... Typical Bollywood Movie Poster Bollywood is the informal name given to the popular Mumbai-based film industry in India. ... ... An art gallery or art museum is a space for the exhibition of art, usually visual art, and usually primarily paintings and sculpture. ... The Jehangir Art Gallery is Mumbai’s most famous art gallery and a tourist attraction. ... The National Gallery of Modern Art is an art gallery in South Mumbai, India. ... The Prince of Wales Museum (now renamed Chatrapati Shivaji Museum), Bombay, India, was set up in the early years of the 20th century by some prominent citizens of Bombay with the help of the government, to commemorate the visit of the Prince of Wales, the future King Edward VII of... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Asiatic Society of Bombay is a public state library in the city of Mumbai, India. ... Librarians and patrons in a typical larger urban public library A public library is a library which is accessible by the public and is often operated by civil servants and funded from public sources. ...

Mumbai has six sister cities, the maximum permitted by the Indian government. Its sister cities are London, Los Angeles, Yokohama, Berlin, Saint Petersburg and Stuttgart. This article is about partnerships between towns distant from each other; see Twin cities for the different concept of physically neighbouring cities. ... St Stevens Tower - The Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster which contains Big Ben Tower Bridge at night A red double-decker bus crosses Piccadilly Circus. ... The Downtown Los Angeles skyline as seen from Hollywood. ... For the town of Yokohama in Aomori Prefecture, see Yokohama, Aomori. ... Berlin? (pronounced: , German ) is the capital of Germany and its largest city, with 3,426,000 inhabitants (as of January 2005); down from 4. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Stuttgart is a city located in southern Germany, it is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg, and has a population of approximately 600,000 as of June 2004. ...

These are a list of picture halls in the city of Mumbai, India: Major Cinemas 24-Carat Eros Cinema Fame Adlabs Fun Republic G-7 Galaxy Cinema Globus (Cinema) IMAX Adlabs Metro Cinema Minerva Movie Time New Empire (English) New Excelsior R-Adlabs Regal Cinema (English) Shaan Cinema Sterling Cinema... Mumbai has a centuries old history and many sites of tourist interest. ...

Media

Mumbai is served by numerous newspaper publications, television stations and radio. The Times of India, Midday, Afternoon, Asian Age, Economic Times and the Indian Express are the major English language newspapers sold in the city. Popular Marathi newspapers include Loksatta, Maharashtra Times, Nava Kaal, and Saamana. In addition to these papers, newspapers are printed in Hindi, Gujarati, Malayalam, Bengali, Urdu, Telugu and Tamil. The Common Man featured on a commemorative stamp released by the Indian Postal Service on the 150th Anniversary of the Times of India - 1988. ... Noon is the time exactly halfway through the day, written 12:00 in the 24-hour clock and 12:00 pm in the 12-hour clock. ... The Afternoon is an afternoon tabloid in Mumbai, India. ... The Asian Age is a newspaper sold in the Indian city of Bombay. ... The Economic Times is a publication of the Times Group, owners of the Times of India. ... The Indian Express is an Indian newspaper started by Ram Nath Goenka, and is published from New Delhi. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Marathi (à¤®à¤°à¤¾à¤ à¥€) is one of the widely spoken languages of India, and has a long literary history. ... Hindi (à¤¹à¤¿à¤¨à¥à¤¦à¥€) is a language spoken in most states in northern and central India. ... Gujarati (àª—à«àªœàª°àª¾àª¤à«€, also sometimes Gujrati) is a language native to the state of Gujarat in western India. ... Malayalam (മലയാളം) is the major language of the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... This article is about the Bengali language. ... Urdu(اردو) is an Indo-European language which originated in India, most likely in the vicinity of Delhi, from whence it spread to the rest of the subcontinent. ... Telugu belongs to the family of Dravidian languages and is the official language of the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. ... The letter à®´à¯ is a consonant believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam Tamil is a classical language and one of the major languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. ...

Most of the households in Mumbai are served by one of the three main cable networks serving the city. Doordarshan, the national television broadcaster, has two free terrestrial channels on air. Direct To Home, though present, has yet to gain mass acceptance due to its higher costs. Mumbai receives over a hundred television channels and a majority of them are produced to cater to the city's polyglot populace. The metropolis is also the hub of many international media corporations with many news channels and print publications having a major presence. Doordarshan (दूरदर्शन) is a public broadcast terrestrial television Channel run by Prasar Bharati, which is a board nominated by the Government of India. ... Satellite television is television delivered by way of orbiting communications satellites located 37,000 km (22,300 miles) above the earths surface. ... Polyglot can mean: The property of speaking multiple languages A person that can speak many languages A book that contains the same text in more than one language, usually a bible such as the first polyglot bible the Complutensian Polyglot Bible A language that is a combination of other languages...

There are nine radio stations in Mumbai, with six broadcasting in the popular FM band and three All India Radio stations broadcasting in the AM band. Frequency modulation (FM) is a form of modulation which represents information as variations in the instantaneous frequency of a carrier wave. ... All India Radio is the radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati (Broadcasting Corporation of India), an autonomous corporation of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. ... Amplitude modulation (AM) is a form of modulation in which the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied in direct proportion to that of a modulating signal. ...

Radio City is a FM radio station in India. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Go 92. ... Red FM is a FM radio channel in Bombay, India. ... Radio Mirchi is a nationwide network of Private FM radio stations in India. ... AIR FM Gold is a FM radio channel in Bombay, India. ... AIR FM Rainbow is a group of FM radio channels across India. ... A kilohertz (kHz) is a unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz (1,000 cycles per second). ... Telecom Operators in Mumbai The city has basic landline operators as well as Cell phone operators. ...

Education

Schools in Mumbai are either run by the BMC, in which case they are called public schools, or privately by trusts and individuals. Private schools have become a preferred option to a majority of city residents owing to better facilities and use of English as a medium of instruction. All private schools are affiliated either to the Maharashtra state SSC board or the all-India Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) and CBSE boards. Demand is especially high for ICSE, CBSE affiliated schools and those run by convents or by the Jesuits. The government-run public schools lack many facilities, but are the only options for most of the poor who cannot afford the fees in private schools. The Secondary School Certificate (also known as SSC) is a public Examination taken by students in Bangladesh after completion of 10 years at school. ... The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations for class 10, i. ... The Central Board of Secondary Education is a board of school education in India. ... This article is about an abbey as a religious building. ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ...

After ten years of schooling, students enroll for two years in a Junior College where they choose from one of the four popular streams: Arts, Commerce, Science and Law. This is followed by a professional degree course in the corresponding stream. All professional colleges in Mumbai are affiliated to the University of Mumbai, one of the largest universities in the world in terms of matriculation. The Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, one of world's premier engineering universities, and the SNDT Women's University, open to women only, are the other universities in Mumbai. Community college in Canada and the United States Junior college in Singapore ... In the history of education, the seven liberal arts comprise two groups of studies, the trivium and the quadrivium. ... This article is about the business concept; Commerce is also the name of several places in the United States. ... // What is science? There are different theories of what science is. ... Law (a loanword from Old Norse lag), in politics and jurisprudence, is a set of rules or norms of conduct which mandate, proscribe or permit specified relationships among people and organizations, provide methods for ensuring the impartial treatment of such people, and provide punishments for those who do not follow... The University of Mumbai is one of the outstanding universities of India. ... A professor teaching in a university A university is an institution of higher education and of research, which grants academic degrees. ... The Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (IIT Bombay)is one of the Indian Institutes of Technology. ... Engineering is the application of science to the needs of humanity. ... SNDT is a womens university in the city of Mumbai, India. ...

Mumbai (formerly Bombay) has a large number of colleges. ... Education in India is divided into preprimary, primary, middle (or intermediate), secondary (or high school), and higher levels. ...

Sports

Cricket is the most popular sport in the city and is usually played in the maidans around the city. Gully cricket, a modified form of cricket, is played in the narrow gullies in the city especially on Sundays. International cricket is widely watched, and the city almost comes to a standstill on days when the Indian cricket team plays important matches. The city has two international cricket stadiums, the Wankhede Stadium and the Brabourne Stadium. The local Mumbai cricket team is one of the strongest domestic teams that compete in the national Ranji Trophy, the nation's top domestic cricketing event. For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal. ... The Maidan is an unofficial region of Karnataka state of southern India. ... In cricket, other than Test matches, One day International matches and First class matches, other forms of the sport do exist They are: Short form cricket Cricket is also played in several different shortened forms, designed to pack as much action as possible into an hour or two. ... The Indian Cricket team is a renowned and respected team in the world. ... The Wankhede Stadium is the largest cricket stadium in the Indian city of Mumbai. ... The Brabourne Stadium is a cricket ground in the Indian city of Mumbai. ... The Mumbai cricket team is one of the top cricket teams in the Ranji Trophy, Indias top domestic competition. ... The Ranji Trophy is the domestic first-class cricket championship played in India between state and city sides, equivalent to county cricket in England and the Sheffield Shield in Australia, and also denotes the trophy that is awarded to the winner. ...

Football (soccer) is the second most popular sport. The city has its own clubs and the football season is played during the monsoons, when other outdoor sports cannot be played. The Football World Cup is one of the most widely watched television events in Mumbai. Hockey, India's national sport, has gone into a sharp decline in the recent years, losing out in terms of popularity to cricket, though many players who make up the national team are from Mumbai. Football is a ball game played between two teams of eleven players, each attempting to win by scoring more goals than their opponent. ... The Football World Cup (official name: FIFA World Cup) is the most important competition in international football (soccer). ... A game of field hockey in progress Field Hockey is a popular sport for men and women in many countries around the world. ...

Other sports are mostly played in the numerous clubs and gymkhanas and include tennis, squash, billiards, badminton, table tennis and golf. Mumbai also has a rugby club, the only one in the country. Every February, Mumbai holds the Derby equestrian races in the Mahalaxmi Racecourse. The event sees many of the city's glitterati attending, arrayed in the latest fashions. In recent times Formula 1 racing has also caught the public's attention. Other sports such as volleyball and basketball are mostly popular in schools and colleges. Gymkhana refers to any of various meets at which contests are held to test the skill of the competitors, such as in the sports of equestrianship, gymnastics, or sports car racing. ... This article is about the sport, tennis. ... Squash racquet and ball Squash is an indoor racquet sport which was, until recently, called Squash Rackets, a reference to the squashable soft ball used in the game (compared with the harder ball used in its parent game Racquets or Rackets--see below). ... Pool table with cue ball, object balls, cue stick, and rack Billards balls Billiards is a game played on a table with low rubber boundary around the edges, small balls, and a cue, a stick that is used to push the white ball into other balls. ... This article is about the racquet sport badminton. ... Regional competition level table tennis, showing table, net, and player getting ready to return the ball with a winning backhand topspin stroke. ... Golfer teeing off at the start of a hole Golf is an outdoor game where individual players or teams play a small ball into a hole using various clubs. ... Rugby football, as a catch-all term, may refer to two related but separate team sports: rugby league and rugby union. ... February is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... A derby is a type of horse race, named after the Epsom Derby, still run at Epsom racecourse, England, which was in turn named for Edward Smith Stanley, 12th Earl Of Derby, who inaugurated the race in 1780. ... Equestrian has several meanings: An equestrian is a horseback rider: see equestrianism An equestrian (Roman) is a member of one of the upper classes in ancient Rome. ... The Mahalaxmi Racecourse is a horse racing ground in the Indian city of Bombay. ... Formula One, abbreviated to F1 and also known as Grand Prix racing, is the highest class of single-seat open-wheel auto racing. ... Volleyball is a popular sport where teams separated by a high net hit a ball back and forth between the teams. ... Basketball Basketball is a ball sport in which two teams of five players each try to score points by throwing a ball through a hoop. ...

Contents