Wimbledon

Ordnance Survey
OS grid reference:	Maps for TQ239709
Administration
London borough:	Merton
County level:	Greater London
Region:	London
Nation:	England
Other
Police force:	Metropolitan
Ceremonial county:	Greater London
Historic county:	Surrey
Post office and telephone
Post town:	LONDON
Postcode:	SW19, SW20
Dialling code:	020
Politics
UK Parliament:	Wimbledon
London Assembly:	Merton and Wandsworth
European Parliament:	London

Wimbledon (pronounced [wĭm'bəl-dən]) is a suburb of London, part of the London Borough of Merton and located seven miles (11.3 km) south west of Charing Cross. The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... The administrative area of Greater London contains 32 London Boroughs, of which 12 (plus the City of London) make up Inner London and 20 Outer London. ... The London Borough of Merton is a London borough in south west London. ... Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ... Greater London is the top level administrative subdivision covering London, England. ... The region (also known as Government Office region) is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity in England. ... Greater London is the top level administrative subdivision covering London, England. ... Home Nations is a term used to refer to the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom - England, Scotland, Wales, and [[Northern Ireland collectively, but also as separate entities, distinct from the United Kingdom as a whole. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: England Travel guide to England from Wikitravel English language English law English (people) List of monarchs of England – Kings of England family tree List of English people Angeln (region in northern Germany, presumably the origin of the Angles for whom England is named) UK... Policing in the United Kingdom is divided into a number of forces. ... Metropolitan Police redirects here. ... The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to administrative counties of England. ... Greater London is the top level administrative subdivision covering London, England. ... The traditional counties of England are historic subdivisions of the country into around 40 regions. ... Surrey is a county in southern England, part of the South East England region and one of the Home Counties. ... A post town is a required part of all UK postal addresses. ... UK and Australian postal codes are known as postcodes. ... London SW1 is the London postal district covering the area of central London on the north bank of the River Thames, roughly between Hungerford Bridge and Chelsea Bridge. ... London SW1 is the London postal district covering the area of central London on the north bank of the River Thames, roughly between Hungerford Bridge and Chelsea Bridge. ... The UK telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Numbering Plan, is regulated by the Office of Communications (Ofcom), which replaced the Office of Telecommunications (Oftel) in 2003. ... To see the list in alphabetical order see the categories UK Parliamentary constituencies and UK Parliamentary constituencies (historic). ... Wimbledon is a constituency covering the district of Wimbledon in the London Borough of Merton in south-west London. ... Greater London is divided into a number of constituencies for London Assembly elections. ... Greater London is divided into a number of constituencies for London Assembly elections. ... The European Parliament is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected by EU citizens once every five years. ... London is a constituency of the European Parliament. ... Image File history File links Summary Remade LCC/GLC crest. ... This is a concise version of the International Phonetic Alphabet for English sounds. ... It has been suggested that Suburbia be merged into this article or section. ... Part of the London skyline viewed from the South Bank London is the most populous city in the European Union, with an estimated population on 1 January 2005 of 7. ... The London Borough of Merton is a London borough in south west London. ... The Victorian Eleanor Cross at Charing Cross The name Charing Cross, now given to a district of central London in the City of Westminster, comes from the original hamlet of Charing, where King Edward I placed a memorial to his wife, Eleanor of Castile. ...

For most of the past one hundred years Wimbledon has been best known as the home of the Wimbledon tennis championships. Wimbledon logo Wimbledon is the oldest and most prestigious event in the sport of tennis. ...

Name

The original meaning of the name is uncertain. The current spelling appears to have been settled on relatively recently in the early 19th century, the last in a long line of variations. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The village is referred to as "Wimbedounyng" in a charter signed by King Edgar the Peaceful in 967 and is shown on J Cary's 1786 map of the London area as "Wimbleton". This article is about the king of England. ... Events Emperor Reizei ascends to the throne of Japan The Khazar capital of Atil falls to the Kievan Rus around this year Births Deaths Emperor Murakami of Japan Abu al-Faraj Ali of Isfahan, scholar. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

History

Early history

Wimbledon has been inhabited since at least the Iron Age when the hill fort on Wimbledon Common is thought to have been constructed. The original centre of Wimbledon was at the top of the hill close to the common - the area now known locally as "the village". Iron Age Axe found on Gotland This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age, for the mythological Iron Age see Iron Age (mythology). ... The term hill fort is commonly used by archeologists to describe fortified enclosures located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. ... The windmill on Wimbledon Common in February 2005 Wimbledon and Putney Commons consist of a large open space south west of London comprising 1140 acres (4. ...

In 1087 when the Domesday Book was compiled, Wimbledon was part of the manor of Mortlake. The ownership of the manor of Wimbledon changed hands many times during its history. The manor was held by the church until 1398 when Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury fell out of favour with Richard II and was exiled. The manor was confiscated and became crown property. Events May 9 - The remains of Saint Nicholas were brought to Bari. ... The domesday book was conducted in 1085 and was completed in 1086 which meant that it took William the Conquer 1 year to complete. ... Mortlake is a part of south west London between Sheen and Barnes and bounded by the river Thames to the north. ... Events Glendalough monastery, Wicklow Ireland destroyed. ... Thomas Arundel (1353-1414) was Archbishop of Canterbury in 1397 and from 1399 until his death, an outspoken opponent of the Lollards. ... Arms of the see of Canterbury The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior clergyman of the established Church of England and symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ... Richard II (January 6, 1367 – February 14, 1400) was the son of Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales, and Joan The Fair Maid of Kent. He was born at Bordeaux and became his fathers heir when his elder brother died in infancy. ...

16th century

The manor remained crown property until the reign of Henry VIII when it was granted briefly to Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex until Cromwell was executed in 1540 and the land was again confiscated. The manor was next held by Henry VIII's last wife and widow Catherine Parr until her death in 1548 when it again reverted to the monarch. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) from 22 April 1509 until his death. ... Thomas Cromwell: portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger, 1532–3 Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex ( 1485 – July 28, 1540) was an English statesman, one of the most important political figures of the reign of Henry VIII of England. ... Earl of Essex is a title that has been held by several families and individuals, of which the best-known and most closely associated with the title was Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (1566 - 1601). ... Events January 6 - King Henry VIII of England marries Anne of Cleves, his fourth Queen consort. ... The dignified Catherine Parr, the last of King Henry VIIIs wives, was married more than any other queen, four times. ... Events Mary I of Scotland sent to France Births September 2 - Vincenzo Scamozzi, Italian architect (died 1616) September 29 - William V, Duke of Bavaria (died 1626) Francesco Andreini, Italian actor (died 1624) Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, astronomer, and occultist (burned at the stake) 1600 (died 1600) Honda Tadakatsu, Japanese general... A monarch (see sovereign) is a type of ruler or head of state. ...

In the 1550s, Henry's daughter, Mary I, granted the manor to Cardinal Reginald Pole who held it until his death in 1558 when it once again become royal property. Mary's sister, Elizabeth I held the property until 1574 when she gave the manor house (but not the manor) to Christopher Hatton who sold it in the same year to Sir Thomas Cecil, Earl of Exeter. The lands of the manor were given to the Cecil family in 1588 and a new manor house was constructed and gardens laid out in the formal Elizabethan style. Events and Trends Categories: 1550s ... Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 6 July 1553 (de jure) or 19 July 1553 (de facto) until her death. ... The word cardinal comes from the Latin cardo for hinge and usually refers to things of fundamental importance, as in cardinal rule or cardinal sins. ... Reginald Pole, cardinal Reginald Pole (1500 – November 17, 1558) Archbishop of Canterbury, Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, was a son of Sir Richard Pole and Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury. ... Events January 7 - French troops led by Francis, Duke of Guise take Calais, the last continental possession of England July 13 - Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines. ... Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ... Events April 14 - Battle of Mookerheyde. ... Portrait of Sir Christopher Hatton, Lord Chancellor of England during Elizabethan era Sir Christopher Hatton (1540 - November 20, 1591) was an English politician, the lord chancellor of England and some speculate was the lover of Queen Elizabeth I. His father was William Hatton (d. ... Thomas Cecil (May 5, 1546-February 8, 1623), eldest son of William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, was created 1st Earl of Exeter on May 4, 1605, the same day his half-brother Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cranborne was created 1st Earl of Salisbury. ... The title of Marquess of Exeter was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1801 for the Earl of Exeter. ... 1588 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... The Elizabethan Era is the period associated with the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558 - 1603) and is often considered to be a golden age in English history. ...

17th century

Wimbledon's convienent proximity to the capital was beginning to attract other wealthy families and in 1613 Robert Bell, Master of the Worshipful Company of Girdlers and a director of the British East India Company built Eagle House as a home at an easy distance from London. The Cecil family retained the manor for fifty years before it was bought by Charles I in 1638 for his Queen, Henrietta Maria. Events January - Galileo observes Neptune, but mistakes it for a star and so is not credited with its discovery. ... The Worshipful Company of Girdlers is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was a joint-stock company of investors, which was granted a Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intent to favour trade privileges in India. ... Charles I (19 November 1600–30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625, until his execution. ... Events March 29 - Swedish colonists establish first settlement in Delaware, called New Sweden. ... Henrietta Maria Henrietta Maria (November 25, 1609 - September 10, 1669) was Queen Consort of England, Scotland and Ireland (June 13, 1625 - January 30, 1649) through her marriage to Charles I. The U.S. state of Maryland (in Latin, Terra Maria) was so named in her honour by Cæcilius Calvert...

Following the King's execution in 1649, the manor pased rapidly through various parliamentarian ownerships including Leeds MP Adam Baynes and civil war general John Lambert but, following the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, was back in the ownership of Henrietta Maria (now Charles I's widow and mother of the new King, Charles II). // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... A parliamentarian is a specialist in parliamentary procedure. ... Leeds is a city in the metropolitan borough of the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire in the north of England. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a parliament; in the Westminster system, specifically to the lower house. ... Adam Baynes was a MP for Leeds during the Commonwealth, and as such the first MP for the city. ... The term English Civil War (or Wars) refers to the series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651. ... General is a high military rank, used by nearly every country in the world. ... John Lambert (1619 - 1684) served as an English Parliamentary general in the English Civil War. ... The English Restoration or simply Restoration was an episode in the history of Great Britain beginning in 1660 when the monarchy was restored under King Charles II after the English Civil War. ... Events Expulsion of the Carib indigenous people from Martinique by French occupying forces. ... Charles II (29 May 1630–6 February 1685) was the King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland from 30 January 1649 (retrospectively de jure) or 29 May 1660 (de facto) until his death. ...

The Dowager Queen sold the manor in 1661 to George Digby, Earl of Bristol who employed John Evelyn to improve and update the landscape in accordance with the latest fashions including grottos and fountains. On his death in 1677 the manor was sold on again to the Lord High Treasurer, Thomas Osborne, Earl of Danby. A Queen Dowager or Dowager Queen is a title or status generally held by the widow of a reigning king. ... Events January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. ... George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol (<22 February 1612 - 20 May 1677), eldest son of the 1st earl. ... Marquess of Bristol is a title in the peerage of the United Kingdom held by a member of the Hervey family since 1714. ... John Evelyn (October 31, 1620 – February 27, 1706) was an English writer, gardener and diarist. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Events First performance of Racines tragedy, Phèdre Sarah Churchill marries John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Battle of Cassel, Philippe I of Orléans defeats William of Orange Mary II of England marries William of Orange English Statute of frauds is passed into law Battle of Landskrona Elias... The Lord High Treasurer bears a white staff as his symbol of office. ... Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds (February 20, 1631 - July 26, 1712), English statesman, commonly known also by his earlier title of Earl of Danby, served in a variety of offices under Kings Charles II and William III of England. ... The title Duke of Leeds was created in 1694 for the 1st Marquess of Carmarthen and became extinct on the death of the 12th Duke in 1964. ...

18th century

The Osborne family sold the manor to Theodore Janssen in 1712. Janssen, a director of the The South Sea Company, began a new house to replace the Cecil-built manor house but, due to the spectacular collapse of the company, never finished it. // Events Treaty of Aargau signed between Catholic and Protestants. ... Hogarthian image of the South Sea Bubble by Edward Matthew Ward, Tate Gallery More well known than The South Sea Company is perhaps the South Sea Bubble (1711 - September 1720) which is the name given to the economic bubble that occurred through overheated speculation in the company shares during 1720. ...

The next owner was Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough who increased the land belonging to the manor and completed the construction of a house to replace Janssen's unfinished effort in 1735. On her death in 1744, the property passed to her grandson, John Spencer, and subsequently to the first Earl Spencer. Sarah Churchill Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough, née Sarah Jennings (May 29, 1660 - October 18, 1744), rose to be one of the most influential women in British history, largely as a result of her close friendship with Queen Anne. ... Events April 16 - The London premiere of Alcina by George Frideric Handel, his first the first Italian opera for the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden. ... // Events The third French and Indian War, known as King Georges War, breaks out at Port Royal, Nova Scotia The First Saudi State founded by Mohammed Ibn Saud Prague occupied by Prussian armies Ongoing events War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Births January 10 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President... The title Earl Spencer was created in 1765 in the Peerage of Great Britain for John Spencer, 1st Viscount Spencer, a great-grandson of the 1st Duke of Marlborough. ...

The village continued to grow and the introduction in the 18th century of stagecoach services from the Dog and Fox public house made the journey to London routine, although not without the risk of being held-up by highwaymen such as Jerry Abershawe on the Portsmouth Road. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Buffalo soldiers guard a Concord style stagecoach somewhere in the American West, ca. ... Folk image of a mounted highwayman This page is about the criminal occupation of highwayman, for groups of that name, see The Highwaymen. ... Jerry Abershawe (1773-1795) was a notorious highwayman who terrorised travellers along the road between London and Portsmouth in the late 18th century. ... This article is about the English city of Portsmouth. ...

The 1735 manor house burnt down in the 1780s and was replaced with Wimbledon Park House in 1801 by the second Earl. At this time the manor lands included Wimbledon Common (then called a heath) and the enclosed parkland around the manor house. The area of the park corresponded to the modern Wimbledon Park area, The house was situated to the east of St Mary's church. Events April 16 - The London premiere of Alcina by George Frideric Handel, his first the first Italian opera for the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden. ... Nothing much really happened in the 1780s only that Mary-Anne Tobin was hung in public for wearing a flase beard and voting. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... George John Spencer, 2nd Earl Spencer (1 September 1758 - 10 November 1834) was a Whig politician of the late 18th and early 19th century. ... Wimbledon and Putney Commons consist of a large open space south west of London comprising 1140 acres (4. ... Heath comes from Old English hæð tract of wasteland, from Proto-Germanic *khaiþijo (cognate with Old Irish ciad; see also heather, heathen) refers to a wild meadow or open, unploughed country, see Heath (habitat). ... Wimbledon park is the second biggest park in the whole of the london borough of merton, it was renovated in the year 2001, with the help of the local council and the local millionnaire [Gemini Murthen]. The facilities provided within the park is ideal for the people living around it...

Wimbledon House, a separate residence close to the village at the south end of Parkside (near present day Peek Crescent), was home in the 1790s to the exiled French statesman Vicomte de Calonne, and later to the mother of writer Frederick Marryat. Their association with the area is recorded in the names of nearby Calonne and Marryat Roads. Events and Trends French Revolution ( 1789 - 1799). ... Charles Alexandre de Calonne, portrait by Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun. ... Captain Frederick Marryat (July 10, 1792 - August 9, 1848) was an English novelist, a contemporary and acquaintance of Charles Dickens, noted today as an early pioneer of the seafaring story. ...

To the south of the common, the early 18th century Warren House (called Cannizaro House from 1841) was home to a series of grand residents. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Cannizaro Park is a park in Wimbledon in the London Borough of Merton. ... take you to calendar). ...

19th century

The first decades of the 19th century were relatively quiet for Wimbledon, with a stable rural population coexisting alongside nobility and wealthy merchants from the city, but renewed upheaval came in 1838 when the opening of the London and South Western Railway (L&SWR) brought a station to the south east of the village at the bottom of Wimbledon hill. The location of the station shifted the focus of the town's subsequent growth away from the original village centre. A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The London and South Western Railway (L&SWR) was a railway company in England from 1840 to 1923. ...

For a number of years Wimbledon Park was leased to the Duke of Somerset, who briefly in the 1820s employed a young Joseph Paxton as one of his gardeners, but, in the 1840s, the Spencer family sold the park as building land. A period of residential development began with the construction of large detached houses in the north of the park. In 1864 the Spencers attempted to get parliamentary permission to enclose the common for the creation of a new park with a house and gardens and to sell part for building. Following an enquiry, permission was refused and ownership of the common was transferred to a board of conservators for preservation in its natural condition. Wimbledon park is the second biggest park in the whole of the london borough of merton, it was renovated in the year 2001, with the help of the local council and the local millionnaire [Gemini Murthen]. The facilities provided within the park is ideal for the people living around it... The Most Noble Edward Adolphus St. ... Events and Trends Nationalistic independence movements helped reshape the world during this decade: Greece declares independence from the Ottoman Empire (1821). ... Sir Joseph Paxton (1803–1865) was an English gardener and architect of The Crystal Palace. ... // Events and Trends Technology First use of anaesthesia in an operation, by Crawford Long War, peace and politics First signing of the Treaty of Waitangi (Te Tiriti o Waitangi) on February 6, 1840 at Waitangi New Zealand. ... 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Enclosure (also historically inclosure) is the process of subdivision of common land for individual ownership. ...

Transport links expanded further with new railway lines to Croydon (Wimbledon and Croydon Railway, opened in 1855) and Tooting (Tooting, Merton and Wimbledon Railway, opened in 1868). The Metropolitan District Railway (now London Underground's District Line) extended its service over new tracks from Putney in 1889. 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Metropolitan Railway and the Metropolitan District Railway are inextricably linked. ... Slight modifications to the famous London Underground roundel indicate the name of each station on platform and some outdoor signs. ... The District Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured green on the Tube map. ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

In the second half of the century Wimbledon experienced a very rapid expansion of its population. From a small base of just under 2,700 residents recorded in the 1851 census, the population grew by a minimum of 60 per cent each decade up to 1901 increasing fifteen-fold in fifty years. During this time large numbers of villas and terraced houses were built out along the roads from the centre towards neighbouring Putney, Merton Park and Raynes Park. 1851 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Putney is a place in the London Borough of Wandsworth. ... Merton Park is a place in the London Borough of Merton. ... Raynes Park is a place in the London Borough of Merton. ...

The commercial and civic development of the town also accelerated during this period. Ely's department store opened in 1876 and shops began to stretch along the Broadway towards Merton. Wimbledon got its first police station in 1870, situated in Victoria Crescent. Cultural developments included a Literary Institute by the early 1860s and the opening of Wimbledon Library in 1887. The religious needs of the growing population were dealt with by a church building programme starting with the rebuilding of St Mary's Church in 1849 and the construction of Christ Church (1859) and Trinity Church (1862). Exterior of typical department store (JCPenney). ... 1876 is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... // Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States is built in the six year period between 1863 and 1869. ... 1887 is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar). ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

The change of character of Wimbledon from village to small town was recognised in 1894 when it was classified under the Local Government Act as an Urban district to be administered by an elected council. 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Local Government Act 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. ... In the British Isles an urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area. ... A council is a group of people who usually possess some powers of governance. ...

20th century

Arms of the Municipal Borough of Wimbledon granted in 1906

Wimbledon's population continued to grow at the start of the 20th century, a condition recognised in 1905 when the status of the council was upgraded and the town was incorporated as a municipal borough with the power to select a Mayor. Arms of Wimbledon Borough Council. ... Arms of Wimbledon Borough Council. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... A borough is a political division originally used in England. ... A mayor (from the Latin maÄ«or, meaning larger,greater) is the politician who serves as chief executive official of some types of municipalities. ...

A civic coat-of-arms was granted the following year. The coat-of-arms incorporated heraldic elements associated with the history of the borough through the centuries. A black double headed eagle refers to the legend that Julius Caesar once made camp on the common, a sheaf of corn is borrowed from the arms of the Cecil family and the two Cornish Choughs above the crown are taken from the arms of Thomas Cromwell. The new borough took as its motto "Sine Labe Decus" meaning: "Honour without Stain". A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short) is, in European tradition, a set of simple colorful symbols belonging to a particular person and used by him or her in a wide variety of ways. ... Bust of Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (Classical Latin: IMP·C·IVLIVS·CAESAR·DIVVS) (b. ... Binomial name Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax (Linnaeus, 1758) The Red-billed Chough, or just Chough (pronounced ), Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax is a member of the crow family, Corvidae. ... A motto is a phrase or a short list of words meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group or organization. ...

By the end of the first decade of the new century Wimbledon had established the beginnings of the Art School at the Gladstone Road Technical Institute and acquired its first cinema and the theatre. Somewhat unusually, at its opening the theatre's facilities included a Turkish baths. Wimbledon School of Art is an art school based in the British capital of London, albeit some way adrift of the city centre. ...

Following the First World War the council built itself a new red brick and Portland stone Town Hall next to the station on the corner of Queen's Road and Wimbledon Bridge. WWI may be an acronym for: World War I World Wrestling Industry This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Cenotaph, in Whitehall, London, England, is made from Portland stone Portland stone is limestone from the Jurassic period quarried on the Isle of Portland, Dorset. ...

By the 1930s residential expansion had peaked in Wimbledon and the new focus for local growth had moved to neighbouring Morden which had remained rural until the arrival of the Underground at Morden station in 1926. Wimbledon station was rebuilt by Southern Railway with a simple Portland stone facade for the opening of a new railway branch line from Wimbledon to Sutton. The new line opened in 1930. // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... Morden is a place in the London Borough of Merton. ... Slight modifications to the famous London Underground roundel indicate the name of each station on platform and some outdoor signs. ... Morden tube station is a London Underground station in Morden in the London Borough of Merton. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Wimbledon station is a large train station in the south-west of London, next to Wimbledons Centre Court Shopping Centre. ... The Southern Railway in the United Kingdom was the smallest of the four railway systems created in the Grouping ordered by the Railways Act 1921. ... Sutton railway station is the main station for Sutton in South London. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ...

Damage to housing stock in Wimbledon and other parts of London during the Second World War led to the final major building phase when many of the earlier Victorian houses built with large grounds in Wimbledon Park were sub-divided into apartments or demolished and replaced with apartment blocks. Other parts of Wimbledon Park which had previously escaped being built upon saw local authority estates constructed by the borough council to house some of those who had lost their homes. This is the current Improvement Drive collaboration! World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ...

In 1965, a reorganisation of local government for London combined the Borough of Wimbledon with the Merton and Morden Urban District and the Borough of Mitcham into the London Borough of Merton. Initially, the new borough's administrative centre was at Wimbledon Town Hall but this moved to the fourteen storey Crown House in Morden in the early 1990s. 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link goes to calendar). ... The London Borough of Merton is a London borough in south west London. ... Morden is a place in the London Borough of Merton. ... The 1990s refers to the years 1990 to 1999; the last decade of the 20th Century, but in an economical sense The Nineties is often considered to span from the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 to the September 11 attacks in 2001. ...

54 Wimbledon Parkside is home to the Papal Nuncio (ambassador) to Great Britain. From the ancient Latin Nuntius, meaning any envoy. ... An ambassador, rarely embassador, is a diplomatic official accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization, to serve as the official representative of his or her own country. ...

During the 1970s and 1980s Wimbledon town centre struggled to compete commercially with the more developed centres at Kingston and Sutton. Part of the problem was the shortage of locations for large anchor stores to attract custom. After a number of years in which the council seemed unable to find a solution The Centre Court shopping centre was developed on land next to the station providing the much needed focus for retail expansion. The shopping centre incorporated the old town hall building. The 1970s in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1970 and 1979. ... The 1980s in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1980 and 1989. ... Kingston upon Thames, part of the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames, is an ancient market town where Saxon kings were crowned, and is now a lively suburb of London. ... Sutton is the principal town in the London Borough of Sutton. ...

Present day

As it was in the 16th and 17th century, Wimbledon's attraction remains its combination of convenient access to central London with the benefit of plentiful recreational facilities. Strong demand for homes, especially the larger properties in the Wimbledon Village and Wimbledon Park areas, has seen prices increase to amongst the highest in the outer London area.

Wimbledon Village provides a good collection of quality bistros, restaurants and pubs and during the fortnight of the tennis championship the streets are crowded with visitors enjoying the facilites. The newly reopened New Wimbledon Theatre on the Broadway is also extremely popular throughout London, bringing in a large majority of West End productions. Tennis balls This article is about the sport, tennis. ...

Sport

Although now best known as the home of tennis, this was not the first sport to bring Wimbledon national fame.

Rifle shooting

In the 1860s, the newly formed National Rifle Association's held its first competition on Wimbledon Common. The association and the annual competition grew rapidly and by the early 1870s, rifle ranges were established on the common. In 1878 the competitions were lasting two weeks and attracting nearly 2,500 competitors, housed in temporary camps set up across the common. By the 1880s, however, the power and range of rifles had advanced to the extent that shooting in an increasingly populated area was no longer considered safe. The last meeting was held in 1889 before the NRA moved to Bisley in Surrey. // Events and trends Technology The First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States is built in the six year period between 1863 and 1869. ... The National Rifle Association of Great Britain (NRA) is the Governing Body of full bore rifle and pistol shooting in the United Kingdom. ... Events and Trends Technology The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell. ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... // Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... A rifle is a firearm that uses a spiral groove cut into the barrel to spin a projectile (usually a bullet), thus improving accuracy and range of the projectile. ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The village of Bisley, in Surrey, the United Kingdom, is well known to rifle marksmen around the world. ... Surrey is a county in southern England, part of the South East England region and one of the Home Counties. ...

Tennis

In the 1870s, at the bottom of the hill on land between the railway line and Worple Road, the All-England Croquet Club had begun to hold its annual championships. But the popularity of croquet was waning as the new sport of lawn tennis began to spread and after initially setting aside just one of its lawns for tennis, the club decided to hold its first Lawn Tennis Championship in July 1877. By 1922, the popularity of tennis had grown to the extent that the club's small ground could no longer cope with the numbers of spectators and the renamed All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club moved to new grounds close to Wimbledon Park. Events and Trends Technology The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell. ... Croquet is a recreational game and, latterly, a competitive sport that involves hitting wooden or plastic balls with a mallet through hoops embedded into the grass playing arena. ... This article is about the sport, tennis. ... 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club is based in Wimbledon in South London. ...

Wimbledon historian Richard Milward recounts how King George V opened the new courts. "He gave three blows on a gong, the tarpaulins were removed, the first match started - and the rain came down..." The club's old grounds continue to be used as the sports ground for Wimbledon High School. George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert) (3 June 1865–20 January 1936) was the last British monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, changing the name to the House of Windsor in 1917. ... Wimbledon High School is located at Mansel Road, near the centre of Wimbledon. ...

Football

Wimbledon has also been known for another brief period of sporting fame. From a small, long-established non-league team, Wimbledon Football Club had, starting in 1977, climbed quickly through the ranks of the football league structure, reaching the highest league in 1986 and winning the FA Cup against Liverpool in 1988. Non-league football refers to football in England played at a level below that of the FA Premier League and The Football League. ... Wimbledon F.C. was the name of a football club that played in south London. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The FA Cups trophy is also known as the FA Cup. ... Liverpool Football Club (often known simply as Liverpool), an English football club based in the North-West of England, are the current champions of Europe and the most successful English football team to date. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

However, the close proximity of other more established teams such as Chelsea and Fulham and its small ground, meant that the club was never able to develop its fan base (and revenues) to the size needed for a top flight team. In 2000 the team was demoted from the top division of English football after just 14 years - the start of a rapid decline. Chelsea Football Club (also known as the Blues, previously known as the Pensioners, a reference to the Chelsea pensioners), founded in 1905, is a Premier League football team that plays at the Stamford Bridge football ground in south-west London. ... Fulham Football Club (FFC) is a football team based in Fulham, London. ... This article is about the year 2000. ...

Having already played their matches outside their home territory at Selhurst Park since 1991 when the Plough Lane ground was closed for safety reasons, the club moved 70 miles north to Milton Keynes in 2003. The team now plays under the name Milton Keynes Dons F.C.. Selhurst Park is a football stadium in south London, and is the current home ground of Crystal Palace F.C. History In 1922 the site, a former brickfield, was bought from the Brighton Railway Company for £2,570. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Milton Keynes Milton Keynes (pronounced ) is a purpose-built, high technology city in South East England. ... 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Milton Keynes Dons F.C. is a football club in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire. ...

As soon as The Football Association approved this move in May 2002, former Wimbledon FC supporters founded the semi-professional AFC Wimbledon, and support in Wimbledon overwhelmingly shifted to AFCW, who starting with their second season earned successive promotions to the First and Premier Divisions of the Isthmian League. As of May 2005 AFC Wimbledon completed the league and cup double for the second consecutive season. The Football Association (The FA) is the governing body of football in England (and the Crown dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man). ... 2002 (MMII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... AFC Wimbledon is a semi-professional English football team representing the area of Wimbledon and Merton in London, though they currently play their games in nearby Kingston upon Thames. ... The Isthmian League First Division (also known for sponsorship reasons as the Ryman League First Division) is part of the Isthmian League, an English association football league. ... The Premier Division is the top division of the Isthmian League. ... The Isthmian League is a regional football league covering London and South East England. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Literature

In the world of literature, Wimbledon provides the principal setting for several comic novels by author Nigel Williams (including the best-selling The Wimbledon Poisoner and They Came from SW19) as well as for Elisabeth Beresford's series of children's stories about the Wombles. The WOMBLES (White Overalls Movement Building Libertarian Effective Struggles) are a loose Anti-Capitalistic group in London that dresses in White overalls with Padding and Helmets at protests. ...

Wimbledon was also the site where the sixth Martian invasion cylinder landed in H.G. Wells' book The War of the Worlds and is mentioned briefly in his books, The Time Machine and When the Sleeper Wakes. The name Martian is given to the hypothetical native inhabitants of the planet Mars. ... H. G. Wells at the door of his house at Sandgate Herbert George Wells (September 21, 1866 - August 13, 1946) was an English writer best known for his science fiction novels such as The War of the Worlds and The Time Machine. ... Herbert George Wells (Jeff Wayne version) Martian tripod / fighting-machine. ... The Time Machine is a novel by H. G. Wells, first published in 1895, later made into two films of the same title. ...

Famous residents past and present

• Lord Baden-Powell - founder of the Scout movement; wrote Scouting for Boys while staying at the windmill on Wimbledon Common
• Raymond Briggs - cartoonist
• Joseph Bazalgette - civil engineer; his creation of the sewer network for central London eliminated the incidence of cholera epidemics
• Richard Briers - actor
• Duke & Duchess of Cannizaro
• William Congreve - inventor
• Annette Crosbie - actress
• Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville - Home Secretary and Secretary of State for War to William Pitt the Younger (who himself spent a lot of his time in Wimbledon)
• Hugh Dowding - commander of RAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain.
• Ford Madox Ford - novelist
• John William Godward - painter
• Robert Graves - poet
• Thomas Hughes - author of Tom Brown's Schooldays which was written in Wimbledon
• Don Lang - Britain's answer to Bill Haley; with his band, a mainstay of Britain's first television rock and roll programme Six-Five Special
• Frederick Marryat - novelist
• Lord Horatio Nelson - Nelson's estate, Merton Place, extended into the heart of modern Wimbledon, with its northern boundary close to Wimbledon Station in the centre of the town [1]. However, some may argue that he does not fully qualify as a resident since Merton was then a village two or three miles distant from Wimbledon village, with the two separated by open countryside.
• Charles Pepys, 1st Earl of Cottenham - Lord Chancellor
• Oliver Reed - actor
• Ralph Tubbs - architect; his buildings include the Dome of Discovery and Charing Cross Hospital
• June Whitfield - actress
• William Wilberforce - 19th century anti-slavery campaigner

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Robert Baden-Powell Wikisource has original text related to this article: Robert Baden-Powell Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell Lieutenant-General Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell of Gilwell (bayd... Scouting for Boys: A Handbook for Instruction in Good Citizenship Through Woodcraft is the first book on Scouting. ... Wimbledon and Putney Commons consist of a large open space south west of London comprising 1140 acres (4. ... Raymond Briggs (born January 18, 1934) is a British illustrator, cartoonist, and author who has achieved critical and popular success among adults and children. ... Memorial to Sir Joseph Bazalgette on Victoria Embankment Sir Joseph William Bazalgette (28 March 1819 – 15 March 1891) was one of the great Victorian civil engineers. ... Richard Briers CBE (born on January 14, 1934 in Merton Park, London, England), is a British actor whose career encompasses the theatre, television, film and radio. ... William Congreve Sir William Congreve (May 20, 1772-May 16, 1828), was an English inventor and rocket pioneer. ... Annette Crosbie (born February 12, 1934) is a British character actress, best known for her many television appearances. ... Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville (April 28, 1742 - May 28, 1811) was a British statesman. ... The title of Viscount Melville was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1802 for Henry Dundas, a notable politician of the period. ... The Home Secretary (official full title Secretary of State for the Home Department) is the chief United Kingdom government minister responsible for law and order in England and Wales; his or her remit includes policing, the criminal justice system, the prison service, internal security, and matters of citizenship and immigration. ... The position of Secretary of State for War, commonly called War Secretary, a British cabinet-level position, first applied to Henry Dundas (appointed in 1794). ... The Right Honourable William Pitt, the Younger (28 May 1759–23 January 1806) was a British politician during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ... The Right Honourable Hugh Caswell Tremenheere Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding GCB, GCVO, CMG (24 April 1882 - 15 February 1970) was a British officer in the Royal Air Force. ... Fighter Command was one of three functional commands that dominated the public perception of the RAF for much of the mid-20th century. ... Combatants British Royal Air Force and allies Nazi German Luftwaffe Commanders Hugh Dowding Hermann Göring Strength approx 700 fighters (at the beginning) 1,260 bombers; 316 dive-bombers; 1,089 fighters Casualties 1,547 aircraft; Civilian: 27,450 dead, 32,138 wounded 1,887 aircraft A major campaign of... Ford Madox Ford (December 17, 1873 - June 26, 1939) was an English novelist and publisher. ... Nerissa, By John William Godward Courtesy of Art Renewal Center John William Godward was an English painter from the end of the Pre-Raphaelite / Neo-Classicist era. ... Portrait of Robert Graves (circa 1974) by Rab Shiell Robert von Ranke Graves (July 24, 1895–December 7, 1985) was an English scholar, best remembered for his work as a poet and novelist. ... A statue of Thomas Hughes at Rugby School For the recipient of the Victoria Cross see Thomas Hughes, VC Thomas Hughes (October 20, 1822 – March 22, 1896) was an English lawyer and author. ... Tom Browns Schooldays, first published in 1857, is a novel by Thomas Hughes, set at a public school, Rugby School for Boys, in the 1830s when Hughes himself had been a student there. ... Don Lang (real name Gordon Langhorn), was a trombone player who led his own British band called Don Langs Frantic Five. ... Bill Haley, with his band, the Comets, was one of the first rock and roll acts to tour the United Kingdom. ... The Six-Five Special was a television programme launched in February 1957 when both television and rock and roll were in their infancy in Britain. ... Captain Frederick Marryat (July 10, 1792 - August 9, 1848) was an English novelist, a contemporary and acquaintance of Charles Dickens, noted today as an early pioneer of the seafaring story. ... Lord Nelson Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (September 29, 1758 – October 21, 1805) was a British admiral who won fame as a leading naval commander. ... Merton Park is a place in the London Borough of Merton. ... Lord Cottenham wearing ceremonial robes when presiding in the House of Lords as Lord Chancellor. ... Oliver Reed Oliver Reed (February 13, 1938 – May 2, 1999) was an English actor known for his macho image on and off screen. ... Ralph Tubbs (January 9, 1912 - November 23, 1996) was a British architect. ... The Dome of Discovery was a tempory building built by architect Ralph Tubbs as part of the festival of Britain which took place on Londons south bank in 1951. ... June Whitfield (born London, England, on November 11, 1925) is a highly-respected veteran British actress who has worked constantly for more than 50 years. ... William Wilberforce William Wilberforce (24 August 1759 - 29 July 1833) was an English parliamentarian and leader of the campaign against the slave trade. ...

Nearest places

• Merton Park
• Morden
• South Wimbledon
• Tooting
• Roehampton
• Mitcham
• Putney

Nearest railway stations: Merton Park is a place in the London Borough of Merton. ... Morden is a place in the London Borough of Merton. ... South Wimbledon is a place in the London Borough of Merton in south west London. ... Tooting is a place in the London Borough of Wandsworth in south London. ... Roehampton is a place in south London, in the London Borough of Wandsworth. ... Mitcham is now a town in the London Borough of Merton in south London. ... Putney is a place in the London Borough of Wandsworth. ...

• Wimbledon station
• Wimbledon Chase railway station
• Raynes Park railway station

Nearest Underground stations: Wimbledon station is a large train station in the south-west of London, next to Wimbledons Centre Court Shopping Centre. ... Wimbledon Chase railway station is in the London Borough of Merton in South London. ... Raynes Park railway station is in the London Borough of Merton in South London. ...

• Wimbledon
• Wimbledon Park
• South Wimbledon
• Wimbledon is also on the Tramlink

Wimbledon station is a large train station in the south-west of London, next to Wimbledons Centre Court Shopping Centre. ... Wimbledon Park is a station on the Wimbledon branch of the District Line, in Travelcard Zone 3. ... South Wimbledon (Merton) London Underground station is not actually situated in Wimbledon. ... Tramlink (until recently known as Croydon Tramlink) is a public transport system in south London, operated by FirstGroup on behalf of Transport for London. ...

References

• Milward, Richard (1989). Historic Wimbledon, Caesar's Camp to Centre Court. The Windrush Press and Fielders of Wimbledon. ISBN 0-900075-16-3

External links

• London Borough of Merton
• 1871 to 1874 Ordnance Survey Map of Wimbledon Showing Wimbledon Village the station and Wimbledon Park House, Wimbledon House and Cannizaro House
• AFC Wimbledon official site
• 8th Wimbledon Scout Group
• Complete Guide to Wimbledon
• WHSA - Wimbledon High School Parents Association