Tighina or Bender (Russian: Бендеры; Moldovan Cyrillic: Тигина) is a city in Transnistria, a breakaway region of Moldova. Its geographical location is 46°50′N 29°29′E, population was 130,000 at the census in 1989. The Moldovan alphabet is a Cyrillic alphabet derived from the Russian alphabet and developed for the Romanian / Moldovan language in the Soviet Union in the 1930s. ... Motto: none Anthem: Anthem of Transnistria Capital Tiraspol Largest city Tiraspol Official languages Moldovan, Russian and Ukrainian Government President Parliamentary Republic Igor Smirnov Recognition Independence Recognition From Moldova none September 2, 1990 none Area  â€¢ Water (%) 3,567 km²  N/A% Population 555,500 (2004 est). ...

Along with Dubasari and Grigoriopol, Tighina is one of the Transnistrian cities with a very large Romanian population. Dubăsari is a town in eastern Moldova with a 1989 population of 34,000. ... Grigoriopol is the seat of the Administrative Region of Grigoriopol of Transnistria, a country, that has declared itself independent from Moldova. ...

History

The Tighina Fortress was first mentioned as an important customs post in a commerce grant issued by Moldavian hospodar Alexandru cel Bun to merchants from Lvov on October 8, 1408. The document is written in Old East Slavic and the place is named "Тягянакача" (Tyagyanakacha). The name Tighina is seen in documents since the second half of the 15th century. Hospodar is a term of Slavonic origin, meaning lord (Russ. ... Alexandru cel Bun Alexandru cel Bun on a Moldovan coin Alexandru cel Bun (Alexandru I MuÅŸat, Alexander the Kind) was the ruler of Moldavia 1400-1432, son of Roman I MuÅŸat. ... Lviv ( Львів in Ukrainian; Львов, Lvov in Russian; Lwów in Polish; Leopolis in Latin; Lemberg in German—see also cities alternative names) is a city in western Ukraine with 830,000 inhabitants (an additional 200,000 commute daily from suburbs). ... October 8 is the 281st day of the year (282nd in leap years). ... Events December 13 - The Order of the Dragon is officially formated under King Sigismund of Hungary. ... Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ...

In 1538, the Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificent conquered the fortress and renamed it Bender. In the 18th century, the fort's area was expanded and modernized by the prince of Moldavia Antioh Cantemir, who carried out these works under the Ottoman supervision. In 1713, the fortress was the site of a skirmish (kalabalik) between Charles XII of Sweden, who had taken refuge there with Cossack leader Ivan Stepanovich Mazepa after their failed attack on Russia, and Turks who wished to take him hostage and exploit the political difficulties of central Europe. Tighina fell three times to the Russians during the Russo-Turkish Wars, was annexed alongside with Bessarabia to Russia in 1812 and remained in Russian hands until 1918. As a part of Bessarabia, Tighina belonged to Romania between 1918 and 1940, temporary also between 1941 and 1944. During the War of Transnistria most of the fighting was concentrated in the city for its key strategic location defending Tiraspol from the right bank of Dniestr river. Tighina is still controlled by the breakaway Transnistrian government. Events Treaty of Nagyvarad. ... Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I (Modern Turkish: Süleyman; Arabic: Sulaymān) (November 6, 1494-September 5/6, 1566), was the tenth Osmanli sultan of the Ottoman Empire, and its longest-serving, reigning from 1520 to 1566. ... Antioh Cantemir, son of Constantin Cantemir and brother of Dimitrie Cantemir (not to be confused with Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir, Dimitries son), was a Moldavian Voivode (Prince) between December 18, 1695 and September 12, 1700, and again from February 23, 1705 to July 31, 1707. ... // Events April 11 - War of the Spanish Succession: Treaty of Utrecht June 23 - French residents of Acadia given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia Canada first Orrery built by George Graham Ongoing events Great Northern War (1700-1721) War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713... Carl XII, Karl XII or Carolus Rex, (June 17, 1682 – November 30, 1718), the Alexander of the North, nicknamed in Turkish as DemirbaÅŸ Åžarl (Charles the Habitué), was a King of Sweden from 1697 until his death in 1718. ... The Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of Turkey. ... Ivan Stepanovich Mazepa (Іван Степанович Мазепа in Ukrainian; Иван Степанович Мазепа in Russian) (circa 1640 — August 28, 1709), Cossack Hetman (Ataman) of the Left-bank Ukraine in 1687—1708. ... The Russo-Turkish Wars were a series of eleven wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Turkish-ruled Ottoman Empire during the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. ... Old map of Bessarabia Bessarabia or Bessarabiya (Basarabia in Romanian, Besarabya in Turkish) was the name by which the Imperial Russia designated the eastern part of the principality of Moldavia annexed by Russia in 1812. ... 1812 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The War of Transnistria involved armed clashes on a limited scale that broke out between the Transnistrian separatists and the Moldovan police as early as November 1990 at Dubasari. ... Tiraspol is the administrative center of Transdnestrian Autonomy, and the second largest city in Moldova, if it is considered to be part of that nation. ... The river Dniestr (in Polish and Russian; Nistru in Romanian; Дністер, Dnister in Ukrainian; Tyras in Latin; also known as Dniester) is a river in Eastern Europe. ...

Famous natives

Famous people born in the city include:

• Lev Simonovich Berg, Jewish Soviet zoologist and geographer
• Tamara Buciuceanu, Romanian actress
• Mikhail Grigoryevich Chernyayev - Russian general
• Emil Constantinescu, former Romanian President
• Jerzy Neyman, Polish statistician
• Evgenii Konstantinovitch Fiodorov, Russian geophysicist
• Iuliu Filippovitch Edlis, dramatist, writer
• Anna Pavlovna Tanskaia, singer

Lev Semënovich Berg (Russian: , 1876, Bessarabia - December 24, 1950) was a Soviet geographer, biologist. ... Mikhail Grigorievich Chernyayev (1828-1898) was a Russian general, who, together with Konstantin Kaufman and Mikhail Skobelev, led the Russian conquest of Central Asia under Alexander II. In 1864 Chernyayev was sent to capture Chimkent but he proceeded further and took Alma-Ata and Tashkent as well. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Jerzy Neyman was a Polish mathematician (April 16, 1894, in Bendery, Moldova -- August 5, 1981, in Oakland, Calif). ...

External links

• City portal
• Map of the city

Counties of Moldova
Bălţi | Cahul | Chişinău | Edineţ | Lăpuşna | Orhei | Soroca | Tighina | Ungheni