The Lenape or Lenni-Lenape (later named Delaware Indians by Europeans) were, in the Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century Decades: 1550s 1560s 1570s 1580s 1590s - 1600s - 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s Years: 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 Events and Trends November 5, 1605 - The Gunpowder Plot to blow up the British Parliament. September 2, 1609 - Henry Hudson... 1600s, loosely organized bands of Native Americans (also Indians, Aboriginal Peoples, American Indians, First Nations, Alaskan Natives, Amerindians, or Indigenous Peoples of America) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization, and their modern descendants. This term comprises a large number of distinct tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of them... Native American people practicing small-scale agriculture to augment a largely mobile hunter-gatherer society in the region around the The Delaware River at New Hope, Pennsylvania The Delaware River is a river on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It meets tide-water at Trenton, New Jersey. Its total length, from the head of the longest branch to the capes, is 410 miles (660 km), and above the... Delaware River, the lower Image of the Hudson River taken by NASA. View of the Hudson River in 1880s showing Jersey City View of the Hudson River from Battery Park, New York The Goldman Sachs Tower looms above the skyline of downtown Jersey City, New Jersey, overlooking the Hudson River. A view of Weehawken... Hudson River, and western Long Island Sound near Guilford, Connecticut Long Island Sound is an estuary of the Atlantic Ocean and various rivers in the United States. It lies between the coast of Connecticut to the north and Long Island to the south. On the extreme western end, it is bounded on the north... Long Island Sound. The Lenape were the people living in the vicinity New York Bay is the collective term for the marine areas surrounding the entrance of the Hudson River into the Atlantic Ocean. Its two largest components are Upper New York Bay and Lower New York Bay, which are connected by the Narrows. The term New York Harbor is sometimes taken... New York Bay at the time of the arrival of the This article is about the continent. For alternative meanings, see: Europe (disambiguation) A comprehensive collection of continental features is found in Europe, albeit on a smaller scale than elsewhere. Mountain ranges, peninsulas, islands and more arid or cold regions can be seen in this satellite composite image of Europe Europe... Europeans in the (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. Contents // 1 Events 2 Significant people 3 Inventions, discoveries, introductions 4 Decades and years Events Beginning of the Little Ice Age... 16th and (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. During this period, the power of England and the United Provinces increased; while that of Spain and Portugal declined. Similarly, the power... 17th century.

Language

Their language is in the The Algonquian languages are a subfamily of Native American languages that includes most of the languages in the Algic language family (others are Wiyot and Yurok of northwestern California). They should be carefully distinguished from Algonquin, which is only one language of many Algonquian languages. Before the European colonisation of... Algonquian language family and had two main dialects. Munsee, or Minnisink, was spoken in the upper Delaware River (including northern New Jersey), New York, and Long Island Sound. Munsee is now spoken in parts of Canada, on and near the reservations to which Munsee were removed. Unami was spoken in the lower Delaware River (including central and southern New Jersey) and is now spoken in parts of Oklahoma, where Unami-speakers were removed. Lenape is a word in the Unami dialect whose most literal translation into American English would be, "the regular guys." (The common schoolbook term, Lenni-Lenapi is not correct, but translates as, "the really-regular guys"). The Lenape names for the area they inhabited were Scheyischbi, which means, "the place bordering the ocean," and Lenapehoking was the name the Lenape Indians gave to the region they inhabited along the East Coast of the United States. Lenapehoking was generally the territory adjacent to the lower Delaware and Hudson river valleys, as well the territory between them. It stretched from modern-day Delaware to western Connecticut... Lenapehoking, meaning "place where the regular guys live," although the latter is not universally accepted as historical. [1] (http://www.lenapelifeways.org/map.htm)

History

Early Lenape society

Although a different order may have prevailed during pre-colonial times, in Colonial times Lenape families (like many other Native American peoples) were organized into clans based on a common female ancestor. A phratry is an anthropological term for a kinship division consisting of two or more distinct clans which are considered as single unit, but which retain separate indentities with the phratry. In pre-Classical Greece, each tribe (phyle) was divided into phratries. In the Classical era, the phratries evolved into... Phratries, which were groups of two or more clans, were identified by an animal sign. Three Lenape phratries emerge in the early historical record: Turtle, Turkey, and Wolf. These phatries were not political divisions, but rather 'flavors' of individuals common to all discrete bands of Lenape, which together made up the Lenape ' This article is on the social structure. There are also articles on the biological tribe, the musical group Tribe, and the Tribes video game series. Viewed historically or developmentally, a tribe consists of a social formation existing before the development of, or outside of, states. Many people use the term... tribe' -- although the very notion of 'tribe' is misleading, suggesting a uniformity that did not exist.

Early Native American 'tribes' are perhaps better understood as language groups, rather than as ' A nation is an imagined community of people created by a national ideology, to which certain norms and behavior are usually attributed. Added to this is usually the idea that a national (a person of the national ideology) should speak a certain language. The language itself might however be a... nations.' A Lenape individual would have identified primarily with his or her immediate family and friends, or village unit; then with surrounding and familiar village units; next with more distant neighbors who spoke the same dialect; and ultimately, while often fitfully, with all those in the surrounding area who spoke mutually-comprehensible languages, including the Mohican. Those of a different language stock -- such as the The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the League of Peace and Power) is a group of First Nations/Native Americans. Based in upstate New York at the time of the arrival of the Europeans, they now occupy territory in Ontario, Quebec and New York. Panoramic View of Iroquois, 1914 The... Iroquois (or, in the Lenape language, the Minqua) -- were regarded as foreigners, often, as in the Iroquois' case, with animosity stretching back many generations. (Interestingly, ethnicity itself seems not to have mattered much to the Lenape and many other 'tribes,' as illustrated by archaeological discoveries of Munsee burials that included identifiably ethnic-Iroquois remains carefully interred along with the ethnic-Algonquian Munsee ones. The two groups were bitter enemies since before recorded history, although intermarriage, perhaps through captive-taking, clearly occurred).

Overlaying these relationships was that of the phratry. Phatry membership was Matrilineality is a system in which one belongs to ones mothers lineage; it may also involve the inheritance of property or titles through the female line. However, the latter does not always hold; in some societies, titles or property went to the male heir(s) of the nearest... matrilineal; that is, a child inherited membership in a phratry from his or her mother. When a Lenape reached adulthood, he or she traditionally married outside of his or her phratry, a practice known by Ethnography (from the Greek ethnos = nation and graphe = writing) refers to the qualitative description of human social phenomena, based on months or years of fieldwork. Ethnography may be holistic, describing a society as a whole, or it may focus on specific problems or situations within a larger social scene. The... ethnographers as " Exogamy is the custom of marrying outside a specified group of people to which one belongs. In addition to blood relatives, marriage to members of a specific totem or other group may be forbidden. Different theories have been proposed to account for the origin of exogamy. Edward Westermark said it... exogamy", which effectively served to prevent inbreeding even among individuals whose kinship relationship was obscure or unknown.

Early Europeans who first wrote about Native Americans found this type of social organization to be unfamiliar and perplexing. As a result, Europeans often tried to interpret Lenape society through more familiar European arrangements. As a result, the early written records are full of clues about early Lenape society, but were usually written by observers who did not fully understand what they were seeing. For example, a man's closest male ancestor was usually considered to be his uncle (his mother's brother) and not his father, since his father belonged to a different phratry. Such a concept was often unfathomable to early European chroniclers.

Land was assigned to a particular clan for hunting, fishing, and cultivation. Invidual private ownership of land was unknown, but rather the land belonged to the clan collectively while they inhabited it (see This article is about the settlement in present-day New York City. For alternate usages, see New Amsterdam (disambiguation) Dutch Revival buildings from the early 20th century on Pearl Street in lower Manhattan recall the Dutch origins of the city. The original 17th century architecture of New Amsterdam has completely... New Amsterdam for discussion of the For other uses, see Netherlands (disambiguation). The Netherlands (Dutch Nederland) is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Dutch Koninkrijk der Nederlanden), a parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarch. It is located in northwestern Europe and borders the North Sea, Belgium and Germany. The country is often referred... Dutch "purchase" of For other uses, see Manhattan (disambiguation). Manhattan is an island bordering the lower Hudson River. It is one of the five boroughs that comprise the City of New York. The borough is coterminous with New York County and includes the Island of Manhattan, as well as several other smaller islands... Manhattan). Phratries lived in a fixed settlements, using the surrounding areas for communal hunting and planting until the land was exhausted, at which point the group moved on to found a new settlement.

Colonial times

The early interaction between the Lenape and the Dutch was primarily through the The fur trade was a huge part in the early economic development of North America. European traders and trappers explored the continent where they established relationships with local Native American communities in order to obtain the best pelts. Beaver was especially prized. For the majority of the fur trade era... fur trade, specifically the exchange of American Beaver Conservation status: Lower Risk Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Rodentia Family: Castoridae Genus: Castor Species: canadensis Binomial name Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820 The American Beaver (Castor canadensis) is a large semi-aquatic rodent native to Canada, most of the United States and parts of... beaver pelts by the Lenape for European-made goods.

According to Dutch settler Isaac de Rasieres, who observed the Lenape in Years: 1625 1626 1627 - 1628 - 1629 1630 1631 Decades: 1590s 1600s 1610s - 1620s - 1630s 1640s 1650s Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century 1628 in literature 1628 in science Events March 1 - writs were issued in February 1628 by Charles I of England that every county in England (not just... 1628, the Lenape's primary crop was Maize Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Liliopsida Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Zea Species Zea diploperennis Zea luxurians Zea mays ssp. huehuetenangensis Zea mays ssp. mays Zea mays ssp. mexicana Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Zea nicaraguensis Zea perennis References ITIS 42268 (http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet... maize, which they planted in March after breaking up the soil using metal tools acquired from the Europeans. In May, the Lenape planted Categories: Food and drink stubs ... kidney beans in the vicinity of the maize plants to serve as props. The summers were devoted to field work and the crops were harvested in August. Most of the field work was carried out by women, with the agricultural work of men limited to clearing the field and breaking the soil.

Hunting was the primary activity in the rest of the year. Dutch settler David de Vries, who stayed in the area from Years: 1631 1632 1633 - 1634 - 1635 1636 1637 Decades: 1600s 1610s 1620s - 1630s - 1640s 1650s 1660s Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century 1634 in literature 1634 in science Events Moses Amyrauts Traite de la predestination is published Curaçao captured by the Dutch Treaty of Polianovska First meeting... 1634 to Years: 1641 1642 1643 - 1644 - 1645 1646 1647 Decades: 1610s 1620s 1630s - 1640s - 1650s 1660s 1670s Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century 1644 in literature 1644 in science Contents // 1 Events 1.1 Ongoing events 2 Births 3 Deaths Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition... 1644, described a Lenape hunt in the valley of the Achinigeu-hach (or "Ackingsah-sack," the The Hackensack River, as seen from the New Jersey Turnpike. The skyline of Manhattan is in the background. The Hackensack River is a river, approximately 45 mi (72 km) long, in the U.S. states of New York and New Jersey, emptying into Newark Bay, a back chamber of New... Hackensack River), in which 100 or more men stood in a line many paces from each other, beating thigh bones on their palms to drive animals to the river, where they could be easily killed. Other methods of hunting included lassoing and drowning deer, as well as forming a circle around prey and setting the brush on fire.

The quick dependence of the Lenape on European goods, and the need for fur to trade with the Europeans, eventually resulted in a disaster with an overharvesting of the beaver population in the lower Hudson. The fur source thus exhausted, the Dutch shifted their operations to present-day Upstate New York is the region of New York State outside of the core of the New York metropolitan area. Contents // 1 The ambiguous definition of Upstate New York 2 Characteristics of Upstate New York 3 Upstate New York geography 4 Upstate New York history 5 Lists of important features... Upstate New York. The Lenape population fell into disease and decline. Likewise, the differences in conceptions of This page deals with property as ownership rights. For information about property in the performing arts, see prop. For information about other sorts of property, see properties. Property is defined as the right, legal or moral, to ultimately determine the use and control of something, including the right to transfer... property rights between the Europeans and the Lenape resulted in widespread confusion among the Lenape and the loss of their lands. After the Dutch arrival in the Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century Decades: 1570s 1580s 1590s 1600s 1610s - 1620s - 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s Years: 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625 1626 1627 1628 1629 Events and Trends Permanent Dutch settlement of New York Bay and the Hudson River. Permanent English settlements in Massachusetts and... 1620s, the Lenape were successfully able to restrict Dutch settlement to present-day The skyline of Jersey City, as seen from Lower New York Bay. The Goldman Sachs Tower, completed in 2004 is in the center of the picture. Jersey City is a city located in Hudson County, New Jersey. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 240... Jersey City along the Hudson until the Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century Decades: 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s - 1660s - 1670s 1680s 1690s 1700s 1710s Years: 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 Events and Trends Samuel Pepys begins his famous diary in 1660 and ends it, due to failing eyesight in 1669... 1660s, when the Dutch finally established a garrison at Fort Bergen, allowing settelment west of the Hudson.

The The Treaty of Easton was an colonial agreement in North America signed in October 1758 between the colonial British colonial government of the Province of Pennsylvania and the Native American tribes in the Ohio Country, including the Shawnee and Lenape. Signed during the French and Indian War, the agreement specified... Treaty of Easton, signed between the Lenape and the English in Years: 1763 1764 1765 - 1766 - 1767 1768 1769 Decades: 1730s 1740s 1750s - 1760s - 1770s 1780s 1790s Centuries: 17th century - 18th century - 19th century 1766 in art 1766 in literature 1766 in music 1766 in science List of state leaders in 1766 List of religious leaders in 1766 Events January 1... 1766, removed them westward, out of present-day New York and New Jersey and into Pennsylvania, then Ohio and beyond -- although sporadic raids on English settlers continued, staged from far outside the area.

The nineteenth century

The Lenape were the first Native American tribe to enter into a treaty with the future United States government during the American Revolutionary War. The Lenape supplied the Revolutionary army with warriors and scouts in exchange for food supplies and the promise of a role at the head of a future native American state.[2] (http://members.tripod.com/~lenapelady/deltreaty1778.html).

The Lenape were continually crowded out by European settlers and pressured to move in several stages over a period of about 175 years with the main body arriving in Northeast State of Oklahoma (Flag of Oklahoma) (Seal of Oklahoma) State nickname: Sooner State Other U.S. States Capital Oklahoma City Largest city Oklahoma City Governor Brad Henry Official languages None Area 181,196 km² (20th)  - Land 178,023 km²  - Water 3,173 km² (1.8%) Population... Oklahoma in the Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century Decades: 1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s Years: 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 Events and trends Italian unification under King Victor Emmanuel II. Wars for expansion and national unity continue until the incorporation of the Papal States... 1860s. Along the way many smaller groups split off in different directions to settle, to join established communities with other native peoples, or to stay where they were and survive when their brothers and sisters moved on. Consequently today, from State of New Jersey (Flag of New Jersey) (Seal of New Jersey) State nickname: The Garden State Other U.S. States Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Governor Richard Codey Official languages None defined Area 22,608 km² (47th)  - Land 19,231 km²  - Water 3,378 km... New Jersey to One of the periods of glaciation was also termed the Wisconsin glaciation. State of Wisconsin (Flag of Wisconsin) (Seal of Wisconsin) State nickname: Badger State State motto: Forward Other U.S. States Capital Madison Largest city Milwaukee Governor Jim Doyle Official languages None Area 169,790 km² (23rd... Wisconsin to southwest Oklahoma, there are groups which retain a sense of identity with their ancestors that were in the Delaware Valley in the 1600s and with their cousins in the vast Lenape diaspora. The two largest are:

• The Delaware Tribe of Indians ( Bartlesville is a city located in Oklahoma. Bartlesville is forty-seven miles North of Tulsa and very close to the Kansas/Oklahoma state line. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 34,748. It is the county seat of Washington County6. The city extends west... Bartlesville, Oklahoma)
• The Delaware Nation of Western Oklahoma ( Anadarko is a city located in Caddo County, Oklahoma. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 6,645. It is the county seat of Caddo County6. The town is the home of the Native American drum group Cozad Singers. Geography Anadarko is located at 35... Anadarko, Oklahoma)

Most members of the Munsee branch of the Lenape live on three In Canada, an Indian reserve is specified by the Indian Act as a tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band. The Act also specifies that land reserved for... Indian reserves in Western Ontario is a region of Ontario centred on London, Ontario. It extends north to south from Lake Huron to Lake Erie, and east to west roughly from Kitchener to Windsor. Other cities in the region are Ingersoll, St. Thomas, Stratford, and Woodstock. Western Ontario is not strictly speaking in... Western Ontario, Canada, the largest being that at Moraviantown, Ontario where the Turtle clan settled in 1792.

The Oklahoma branches were established in 1867, with the purchase of land by Delawares from the Alternate meanings: Cherokee (disambiguation) The Cherokee are a people native to North America who first inhabited what is now the eastern and southeastern United States before most were forcefully moved to the Ozark Plateau. They were one of the tribes referred to by Native Americans as the Five Civilized Tribes... Cherokee nation; two payments totalling $438,000 were made. A court dispute then followed over whether the sale included rights for the Delaware within the Cherokee nation. In 1898 the Curtis Act dissolved tribal governments and ordered the allotment of tribal lands to individual members of tribes. The Lenape fought the act in the courts but lost, the courts ruling that in 1867 they had only purchased rights to the land for their lifetimes. The lands were allotted in 160 acre (650,000 m²) lots in 1907, with any land left over sold to caucasians.

In 1979 the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs Established: March 11, 1824 Activated: March 11, 1824 Assistant Secretary: David W. Anderson Budget: $2.4 billion (2004) Employees: 9,688 (2004) The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) responsibility is the administration and management of 55.7 million acres (87,000 sq. miles or 225,000... Bureau of Indian Affairs revoked the tribal status of the Delaware living among Cherokee in Oklahoma, and included the Delaware as Cherokee. This decision was finally overturned in 1996. The Cherokee nation then filed suit to overturn the recognition of the Delaware as a tribe.

Lenape nations today

• in There are also three Colorado Rivers: two in the United States and one in Argentina. State of Colorado (Flag of Colorado) (Seal of Colorado) State nickname: The Centennial State Other U.S. States Capital Denver Largest city Denver Governor Bill Owens Official languages English Area 269,837 km... Colorado:
  • Delaware Tribe of Colorado
• in State of Delaware (Flag of Delaware) (Seal of Delaware) State nickname: The First State Other U.S. States Capital Dover Largest city Wilmington Governor Ruth Ann Minner Official languages None Area 6,452 km² (49th)  - Land 5,068 km²  - Water 1,387 km² (21.5%) Population... Delaware:
  • Nanticoke Indian Tribe
• in For other uses, see Kansas (disambiguation). State of Kansas (Flag of Kansas) (Seal of Kansas) State nickname: The Sunflower State Other U.S. States Capital Topeka Largest city Wichita Governor Kathleen Sebelius Official languages None Area 82,277 mi²; 213,096 km² (15th)  - Land 81,815 mi... Kansas:
  • Delaware and Ojibwe Tribe
• in State of New Jersey (Flag of New Jersey) (Seal of New Jersey) State nickname: The Garden State Other U.S. States Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Governor Richard Codey Official languages None defined Area 22,608 km² (47th)  - Land 19,231 km²  - Water 3,378 km... New Jersey:
  • Nanticoke Lenape Indians
  • The Ramapough Mountain Indians, also Ramapo Mountain Indians, commonly known by the pejorative name Jackson Whites, are a group of approximately 3000 people living around the Ramapo Mountains of northern New Jersey and southern New York. The center of their community is a small mountain called Stag Hill. Ethnically they... Ramapough Mountain Indians
• in For other uses, see Ohio (disambiguation). State of Ohio (Flag of Ohio) (Seal of Ohio) State nickname: The Buckeye State Other U.S. States Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Governor Bob Taft Official languages None Area 116,096 km² (34th)  - Land 106,154 km²  - Water 10... Ohio:
  • Delaware Tribe of Ohio
• in State of Oklahoma (Flag of Oklahoma) (Seal of Oklahoma) State nickname: Sooner State Other U.S. States Capital Oklahoma City Largest city Oklahoma City Governor Brad Henry Official languages None Area 181,196 km² (20th)  - Land 178,023 km²  - Water 3,173 km² (1.8%) Population... Oklahoma:
  • Delaware Tribe of Indians ( Bartlesville is a city located in Oklahoma. Bartlesville is forty-seven miles North of Tulsa and very close to the Kansas/Oklahoma state line. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 34,748. It is the county seat of Washington County6. The city extends west... Bartlesville, Oklahoma)
  • Delaware Nation of Western Oklahoma ( Anadarko is a city located in Caddo County, Oklahoma. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 6,645. It is the county seat of Caddo County6. The town is the home of the Native American drum group Cozad Singers. Geography Anadarko is located at 35... Anadarko, Oklahoma)
• in Ontario (Flag of Ontario) (Coat of Arms of Ontario) Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Other Canadian provinces and territories Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Area 1,076,395 km² (4th)  - Land 917,741... Ontario:
  • Moravian No. 47 is an Indian reserve 56 km southwest of Sarnia, Ontario, with an area of 13 km². It is occupied by the Moravian of the Thames First Nation, a part of the Munsee branch of the Lenape, and is commonly known as Moravian of the Thames reserve. . The... Moravian of the Thames First Nation
  • Delaware of Six Nations (at Six Nations of the Grand River is the name applied to two contiguous Indian reserves southeast of Brantford, Ontario, Canada – Six Nations reserve no. 40 and Glebe Farm reserve no. 40B. The original reserve was granted to Joseph Brant and his Iroquois followers in 1784 in appreciation of their... Six Nations of the Grand River)
  • Munsee-Delaware First Nation
• in For other uses, see Pennsylvania (disambiguation). Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (Flag of Pennsylvania) (Seal of Pennsylvania) State nickname: The Keystone State Other U.S. States Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Governor Ed Rendell Official languages None Area 119,283 km² (33rd)  - Land 116,074 km²  - Water 3... Pennsylvania:
  • Eastern Lenape Nation of Pennsylvania
  • Laurel Rige Lenape Tribe
  • Lightning Valley Lenape Tribe

Notable Lenape Indians

• Tamanend -- leader who according to tradition negotiated treaty with For the British admiral, see William Penn (admiral). William Penn William Penn (October 14, 1644–July 30, 1718) founded the Province of Pennsylvania, the North American colony of Great Britain that became the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The democratic principles that he set forth served as an inspiration... William Penn

The French and Indian War was a nine-year conflict (1754-1763) in North America and was one of the theatres of the Seven Years War. The conflict was between Britain and its colonies on one side and France, with Indian allies, on the other. The war soon spread to... French and Indian War era:

• Neolin (the Delaware Prophet) was a prophet of the Lenni Lenape, who was derided by the British as The Imposter. Beginning in 1762, Neolin made arguments against alcohol, materialism, and polygamy. Neolins most famous follower was Pontiac. Categories: People stubs | Lenape people | Native American religious figures ... Neolin -- the "Delaware Prophet"
• Teedyuscung -- "King" of the eastern Delawares
• Shingas -- Turkey clan war leader
• Tamaqua is a borough located in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2000 census, the borough had a total population of 7,174. Geography Tamaqua is located at 40°4755 North, 75°5759 West (40.798600, -75.966498)1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough... Tamaqua -- Turkey clan civil leader, aka "King Beaver"

Before the Revolution: The 13 colonies are in red, the pink area was claimed by Great Britain after the French and Indian War, and the orange region was claimed by Spain. The American Revolution refers to the series of events, ideas, and changes that resulted in the political separation of... American Revolution era:

• White Eyes (c.1730–November 1778), was a leader of the Delaware (Lenape) people in the Ohio Country during the era of the American Revolution. Sometimes known as George White Eyes, his given name was something like Koquethagechton, which was rendered in many spelling variations. White Eyes was a... White Eyes -- Turtle clan civil leader
• Gelelemend (1737–1811), known to whites as Killbuck or John Killbuck Jr., was a Delaware (Lenape) chief during the American Revolutionary War. His name signifies a leader. He was born near the Lehigh River in Pennsylvania, son of Bemino (John Killbuck Sr.), a renowned war leader of the French... Killbuck (Gelelemend) -- Turtle clan leader
• Buckongahelas (1725?–May 1805) was a Delaware (Lenape) war leader who led his followers against the United States during the American Revolutionary War and again in the Indian war of the 1790s, in which he helped to inflict the severest loss ever suffered by the United States against Native... Buckongahelas -- Wolf clan war leader
• Captain Pipe -- Wolf clan war chief

References to the Lenape in literature

The Delawares feature prominently in The Last of the Mohicans is an epic novel by James Fenimore Cooper, first published in January 1826. It was one of the most popular English-language novels of its time, and helped establish Cooper as one of the first world-famous American writers. Although stylistic and narrative flaws left... The Last of the Mohicans, a novel by James Fenimore Cooper (September 15, 1789 - September 14, 1851), American novelist, was born at Burlington, New Jersey, on the 15th of September 1789. James Fenimore Cooper Reared in the wild country round Otsego Lake, New York, on the yet unsettled estates of his father William Cooper, a judge and member... James Fenimore Cooper.

The Delawares are the subject of a legend which inspires the The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) is an organization for boys between the ages of 7 and 18, and for both young men and women between the ages of 14 and 21, based in the United States of America, with some presence in other countries. BSA is part of the... Boy Scouts of America honor society known as the The Order of the Arrow (OA), or Wimachtendienk, Wingolauchsik, Witahemui (WWW) (Lenape for Brotherhood of Cheerful Service) is an official program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). It is the BSAs National honor society for experienced campers, based on Native American traditions, and dedicated to the ideal of... Order of the Arrow.

Further reading

• Adams, Richard Calmit, The Delaware Indians, a brief history, Hope Farm Press (Saugerties, NY 1995) [originally published by Government Printing Office, (Washington, DC 1909)]
• Burrows, Edward G. and Wallace, Mike, Gotham: A History of New York City to 1989 ISBN 0-19-514049-4 Oxford Univ. Press (1999).
• Jackson, Kenneth T. (editor) The Encyclopedia of New York City ISBN 0-300-05536-6 Yale University Press (1995).
• Kraft, Herbert C., The Lenape: archaeology, history and ethnography, New Jersey Historical Society, (Newark, NJ 1986)
• O'Meara, John, Delaware-English / English-Delaware dictionary, University of Toronto Press (Toronto, 1996) ISBN 0802006701.
• O'Meara, John, Delaware reference grammar, University of Toronto Press (Toronto, 2006) ISBN 0802043860.
• Weslager, Clinton Alfred, The Delaware Indians: A history, Rutgers University Press, (New Brunswick, NJ 1972).

External links

• Delaware Tribe of Indians (Bartlesville, OK) (http://www.delawaretribeofindians.nsn.us)
• Delaware Indians (http://www.delawareindian.com)
• Indian claim tests a family's roots (http://www.philly.com/mld/inquirer/5899151.htm)
• Indians clash over heritage (http://www.delawareonline.com/newsjournal/local/2001/06/26indians.html)
• Short Directory of Lenape Websites (http://www.oceancountyhistory.org/Links/Lenape%20Links.htm)
• Lenape/English dictionary (http://www.gilwell.com/lenape/index.htm)
• The Unalachtigo Band of NJ (http://www.unalachtigo.us)
• Lenape Nation (http://lenapenation.org/)