A muonium particle is an exotic atom made up of a positive muon and an electron, and is given the symbol Mu or μ⁺e^–. During the muon's 2 microsecond lifetime, muonium can enter into compounds such as muonium chloride (MuCl) or sodium muonide (NaMu). _[1] Particles erupt from the collision point of two relativistic (100GeV) gold ions in the STAR detector of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. ... An exotic atom is the anologue of a normal atom in which one or more of the electrons are replaced by other negative particles, such as a muon or a pion, or the positively charged nucleus is replaced by other positively charged elementary particles, or both. ... The moons shadow, as seen in muons 700m below ground at the Soudan 2 detector. ... Properties The electron is a fundamental subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different times this page lists times between 10-6 seconds and 10-5 seconds (1. ...

Due to the mass difference between the muon and the electron, muonium is more similar to atomic hydrogen than positronium. It's Bohr radius and ionization energy are within 0.5% of H, D. and T. The moons shadow, as seen in muons 700m below ground at the Soudan 2 detector. ... Properties The electron is a fundamental subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge. ... Italic textLink titleLink titlelink titlelink titleBold text General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ... Positronium is a quasi-stable system consisting of a positron and its anti-particle, an electron, bound together into an exotic atom. ...

Physical chemists consider muonium to be an isotope of hydrogen and though it is short-lived, use it in a modified form of electron spin resonance (which is not surprisingly called muon spin resonance) spectroscopy for the analysis of chemical transformations. There are varians of "muon spin resonance", e.g. Muon spin rotation, which used a magnetic field applied transverse to the muon beam direction, and Avoided Level Crossing (ALC), which is also called Level Crossing Resonance (LCR). The latter employs a magnetic field applied longitudinally to the beam direction, and monitors the relaxation of muon spins caused by magnetic oscillations with another magnetic nucleus. One author has considered "muonium" as the second radioisotope of hydrogen, after tritium. (C.J.Rhodes, Perkin Transactions 2, 2002). Isotopes are forms of an element whose nuclei have the same atomic number - the number of protons in the nucleus - but different mass numbers because they contain different numbers of neutrons. ... Italic textLink titleLink titlelink titlelink titleBold text General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ... Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) or Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) is a spectroscopic technique which detects species that have unpaired electrons, generally meaning that it must be a free radical, if it is an organic molecule, or that it has transition metal ions if it is an inorganic complex. ... Extremely high resolution spectrum of the Sun showing thousands of elemental absorption lines (fraunhofer lines) Spectroscopy is the study of spectra, that is, the dependence of physical quantities on frequency. ...

See also

• Exotic atom
• Muon

An exotic atom is the anologue of a normal atom in which one or more of the electrons are replaced by other negative particles, such as a muon or a pion, or the positively charged nucleus is replaced by other positively charged elementary particles, or both. ... The moons shadow, as seen in muons 700m below ground at the Soudan 2 detector. ...

References

1. "Names for muonium and hydrogen atoms and their ions". (PDF)