NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Mural crown

A mural crown was an ancient Roman military decoration that later became a heraldic motif. Image File history File links BozzettoA_grande. ... Coat of Arms of the Italian Republic. ... Image File history File links Coat_of_arms_of_Malta. ... Image File history File links Canzo-Stemma. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... Commune can refer to various things: commune (subnational entity) of various European and African countries Commune in France. ... Canzo (in Italian) or Canz (in Canzese Lombard) is a town and commune in the province of Como, in Lombardy. ... Lombardy (Italian: Lombardia) is a region in northern Italy between the Alps and the Po river valley. ... See also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). ... A military decoration is a decoration given to military personnel or units for heroism in battle or distinguished service. ... Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. ...

The Roman corona muralis (Latin: "walled crown") as used in antiquity was a golden crown, or a circle of gold intended to resemble a battlement, bestowed upon the soldier who first climbed the wall of a besieged city or fortress to successfully place the standard of the attacking army upon it.^[1] The Roman mural crown was made of gold, and decorated with turrets^[2], as is the heraldic version. Being one of the highest orders of military decorations, it was not awarded to a claimant until after a strict investigation ^[3]. This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Classical antiquity is a broad term for a long period of cultural history centered on the Mediterranean Sea, which begins roughly with the earliest-recorded Greek poetry of Homer (7th century BC), and continues through the rise of Christianity and the fall of the Western Roman Empire (5th century AD... General Name, Symbol, Number gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 6, d Appearance metallic yellow Atomic mass 196. ... It has been suggested that crenellation, crenel and merlon be merged into this article or section. ... Modern soldiers. ... The city of Chicago, as seen from the sky A city is an urban area that is differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. ... Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... The tricolour flag of France A flag is a piece of cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used symbolically for signalling or identification. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

The term is also used in heraldry to denote a crown modeled after the walls of a castle. In recent times, mural crowns have been used in opposition to royal crowns; they are typical of Italian medieval and modern Communes. A mural crown is a symbol of Italy. The coat of arms of the Second Spanish Republic had a mural crown. Most Portuguese municipal coats of arms contain a mural crown, with three towers signifying a village, four towers representing a town, and five towers standing for a city. Similarly, the Romanian municipal coats of arms contain a mural crown, with one or three towers for villages and communes, five and seven towers for towns and municipalities. A crown is a symbolic form of headgear worn by a monarch or by a god, for whom the crown is traditionally one of the symbols of power and legitimacy (See Regalia for a broader treatment). ... Caernarfon Castle, Wales. ... The heraldic Crown of Norway A Crown is often an emblem of the monarchy, a monarchs government, or items endorsed by it; see The Crown. ... Defensive towers at San Gimignano, Tuscany, bear witness to the factional strife within communes. ... In Italy, the comune, (plural comuni) is the basic administrative unit of both provinces and regions, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

References

Aulus Gellius ( 125 - after 180), Latin author and grammarian, possibly of African origin, probably born and certainly brought up at Rome. ... A portrait of Titus Livius made long after his death. ... This article is about the Roman historian. ... The Twelve Caesars is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire. ... For other uses, see Augustus (disambiguation). ...

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