Murmansk (English) Мурманск (Russian)
Murmansk Port
Murmansk on the map of the North Pole region
Coordinates 68°58′N 33°5′E / 68.967, 33.083Coordinates: 68°58′N 33°5′E / 68.967, 33.083
Coat of Arms	Flag
City Day: October 4
Administrative status
Federal subject In jurisdiction of Administrative center of	Murmansk Oblast Murmansk Oblast Murmansk Oblast
Local self-government
Charter	Charter of Murmansk
Municipal status	Urban okrug
Head	Mikhail Savchenko
Legislative body	Council of Deputies
Area
Area	150.55 km² (58.1 sq mi)
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population - Rank - Density	336,137 inhabitants 52nd 2,232.7/km² (5,782.7/sq mi)
Events
Founded	October 4, 1916
Town status	1916
Renamed Murmansk	April 1917
Other information
Postal code	183000..183099
Dialing code	+7 8152
Official website
http://www.gov-murman.ru/mun/murmansk/

Murmansk coin

Murmansk (Russian: Му́рманск; Finnish: Muurmanni (archaic); Northern Sami: Murmanska; Skolt Sami: Muurman) is a city in the extreme northwest part of Russia with a seaport on the Kola Bay, 12 km from the Barents Sea on the northern shore of the Kola Peninsula, not far from Russia's borders with Norway and Finland. Population: 320,900 (2005 est.); 336,137 (2002 Census); 468,039 (1989 Census). The city is an important navy base for the Russian Navy. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (3456 × 2304 pixel, file size: 3. ... Murmansk, Archangelsk, Dikson, Tiksi, on the Arctic Ocean. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. ... It has been suggested that the section intro from the article Civil flag be merged into this article or section. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Russia is a federation which consists of 86 subjects[1]. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Russian parliament). ... Murmansk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Murmansk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Murmansk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Federal subjects of the Russian Federation Being the largest country in the world, and one of the most populated, Russia incorporates several types and levels of subdivisions. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Russian Census of 2002 (Russian: ) was the first census of Russian Federation carried out on October 9, 2002. ... This is a list of cities and towns in Russia with population over 50,000, grouped by federal subject and sorted by population. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Postal codes are generally clearly visible outside local Australian post offices. ... // Proposed Country Code: 3 In 1996, the European Commission proposed the introduction of a single telephone numbering plan, in which all European Union member states would use the code 3. Calls between member states would no longer require the use of the international access code 00. This proposal would have... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Northern Saami (also, Sámi or Sami, formerly Lapp) can be divided into a three major dialect groups: Torne, Finnmark and Sea Sami. ... Skolt Sami (Sää´mÇ©iõll) is a Finno-Ugric, Sami language spoken in Finland and nearby parts of Russia. ... Types of inhabited localities in Russia, Soviet Union, and some other post-Soviet states have certain peculiarities with respect to the English language traditions. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Port. ... Location of the Barents Sea. ... Location of Kola south of the Barents Sea. ... Russian Census of 2002 (Russian: ) was the first census of Russian Federation carried out on October 9, 2002. ... The 1989 Soviet Census was the final and most comprehensive census taken within The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics The census officially recorded the popullation of the USSR at 286,717,000, making it the third most populous country in the world. ... Modern Naval Tactics It is tempting to regard modern naval combat as the purest expression of tactics. ... The Russian Navy or VMF (Russian: Военно-Морской Флот (ВМФ) - Voyenno- Morskoy Flot (VMF) or Military Maritime Fleet) is the naval arm of the Russian armed forces. ...

Murmansk is the administrative centre of Murmansk Oblast. The port remains ice-free year round due to the warm North Atlantic drift ocean current. It is the largest city north of the Arctic Circle. Murmansk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... A warm water port is a port where the water does not freeze (rendering it unusable) in the winter. ... The North Atlantic drift is a powerful warm ocean current that continues the Gulf Stream northeast. ... An ocean current is any more or less continuous, directed movement of ocean water that flows in one of the Earths oceans. ... World map showing the Arctic Circle in red A sign along the Dalton Highway marking the location of the Arctic Circle The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. ...

Murmansk's evening newspaper is Vecherniy Murmansk, published since 1991. Vecherniy Murmansk (Russian: Вечерний Мурманск ~ The Evening Murmansk) is an evening newspaper published in Murmansk, Russia. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ...

History

The city, known initially as Romanov-on-Murman (Рома́нов-на-Му́рмане), was founded on October 4, 1916 and named after the Russian royal dynasty of the Romanovs. The city, an only ice-free port in the Russian Arctic, was built as a terminus of the railroad line to Kola designed to open the North Atlantic supply route to Russia in support of Eastern Front during the First World War. The city was renamed to Murmansk after the October Revolution in 1917. October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... The House of Romanov (Рома́нов, pronounced ) was the second and last imperial dynasty of Russia, which ruled the country for five generations from 1613 to 1761. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ... Kola (Russian: ) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kola and Tuloma Rivers, 12 km south of Murmansk and 24 km south-west of Severomorsk. ... ‹ The template below (Expand) is being considered for deletion. ... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... “Red October” redirects here. ...

From 1918 to 1920, the city was occupied by the Western powers who had been allied in the First World War and "White" forces during the Civil War in Russia (see [1]). North Russia Campaign Arkhangelsk Oblast May 1918 – Sept 1919 Polar Bear Expedition Russian Civil War North Russia Relief Force // Introduction The North Russia Campaign (also known as the Northern Russian Expedition or the Allied Intervention in North Russia) was the involvement of international troops part of the Allied Intervention in... Look up ally in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... White army may refer to: The military arm of the White movement, a loose coalition of anti-Bolshevik forces in the Russian Civil War The Saudi Arabian National Guard The National Guard of Kuwait This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise... Combatants Red Army Latvian Reds Finnish Reds White Army Czech Legion Allied intervention UK France United States Japan Italy  Canada  Greece  Romania  Serbia New states Poland Finland  Latvia  Estonia  Lithuania Ukrainian Peoples Republic Green Army (Cossacks) Black Army (Anarchists) Blue Army (Peasants) Commanders Trotsky Mikhail Tukhachevsky Kamenev Budyonny Frunze...

During World War II, Murmansk was a link with the Western world for Russia, and a vast commerce with the Allies, in items important to the respective military efforts passed through it: primarily manufactured and raw materials goods into the Soviet Union. These supplies were brought to the city in the Arctic Convoys. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Look up ally in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Arctic convoys of World War II travelled from the USA and the United Kingdom to the northern ports of the USSR - Archangel and Murmansk. ...

German forces launched an offensive against the city in 1941. Murmansk suffered profound destruction, second only to Stalingrad of all the Soviet cities. However, fierce Soviet resistance prevented Germans from capturing the city and from cutting off the vital Karelian railway line. This resistance was eventually recognized in 1985 by the Soviet Union with the formal designation of Murmansk as a Hero City on May 6, 1985 [2]. In commemoration of this event, the massive statue Alyosha, depicting a Russian soldier of World War II, was erected overlooking the city harbour. For the rest of the war, it served as a transit point for weapons and other supplies entering the Soviet Union from other Allied nations. Stalingrad is the former name of two cities: Volgograd, Russia Karviná-Nové Město, near Ostrava, Czech Republic Other uses: The Battle of Stalingrad (a major turning-point of World War II and arguably the bloodiest battle in human history) Stalingrad (German film set during the above battle) Stalingrad... Hero City (город-герой or gorod-geroy in Russian) is an honorary title awarded to twelve cities and one city-fortress in the Soviet Union for outstanding heroism during the Great Patriotic War of 1941 to 1945. ... is the 126th day of the year (127th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar). ...

During the Cold War it was a centre of Soviet submarine activity, and since the breakup of the USSR, it remains the headquarters of the Russian Northern Fleet as well as its Nuclear powered icebreaker fleet. For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... Alvin in 1978, a year after first exploring hydrothermal vents. ... Northern Fleet patch featuring the Andreyevsky ensign It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Soviet Red Banner Northern Fleet. ... Nuclear icebreaker Yamal on its way to the North Pole in August 2001 A nuclear powered icebreaker is a purpose-built ship for use in waters continuously covered with ice. ...

To commemorate the 85th anniversary of the city's foundation, the snow-white church of the Saviour-on-Waters was modeled after the White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal and built on the shore for sailors of Murmansk (photograph). The Church of the Intercession on the Nerl (1165). ...

Murmansk in fiction

The city is one of the main settings in the novel Artemis Fowl: The Arctic Incident by Eoin Colfer. It is the place where Artemis's shipwrecked father is believed to have died after capture by the Russian Mafiya. Artemis Fowl: the Arctic Incident is the second book in the Artemis Fowl trilogy. ... Eoin Colfer (pronounced Owen, IPA: )(born May 14, 1965) is an Irish author. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The climatic scene of Skeleton Key, the third novel of the Alex Rider series by Anthony Horowitz, takes places in and around Murmansk. For the title character of the series, see Alex Rider (character). ... For the title character of the series, see Alex Rider (character). ... Anthony Horowitz (born April 5, 1955) is an English author and television scriptwriter. ...

In the novels HMS Ulysses (1955) by the Scottish writer Alistair MacLean and The Captain (1967) by Dutch author Jan de Hartog, the protagonists are sailors in the Second World War Murmansk-bound convoys who ran the gauntlet of German U-Boats and war planes. In their minds, Murmansk assumes the status of almost a "Promised Land" which lucky survivors will reach. HMS Ulysses was the first novel by British author Alistair Maclean, and ultimately, one of his most popular. ... Alistair Stuart MacLean (April 28, 1922 - February 2, 1987) was a Scottish novelist who wrote successful thrillers or adventure stories, the best known of which are perhaps The Guns of Navarone and Where Eagles Dare. ... The Captain is a 1967 novel by Dutch writer Jan de Hartog. ... Dutch playwright, novelist and occasional social critic, Jan de Hartogs historical memorial The Hospital (1964), which exposed the horrid conditions of Houstons charity hospital in the 1960s, led to significant reforms of that citys indigent healthcare system. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ...

The physical city itself does not appear in either book. In de Hartog's book the protagonists, with their ship sunk, get in a lifeboat which is picked up at sea and get to Iceland instead; in the MacLean book, the survivors of the decimated convoy who arrive at the port of Murmansk are not allowed to set foot ashore, and remain cooped on board until the material is unloaded and the moment comes to set out back to Britain.

Sister cities

The sister cities of Murmansk are: Sign denoting twin towns of Neckarsulm Town twinning or sister cities is a concept whereby towns or cities from geographically and politically distinct areas are paired, with the goal of fostering human contact and cultural links. ...

• Akureyri, Iceland
• Vadsø, Norway
• Groningen, Netherlands
• Jacksonville, United States
• Luleå, Sweden
• Minsk, Belarus
• Rovaniemi, Finland
• Tromsø, Norway
• Szczecin, Poland

Central Murmansk

Image File history File links Flag_of_Iceland. ... Nickname: Location of Akureyri in Iceland Coordinates: , Constituency Northeast Area  - City 125 km²  (48. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... County Finnmark District Municipality NO-2003 Administrative centre Vadsø Mayor (2003) Hauk Johnsen (Ap) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 77 1,258 km² 1,234 km² 0. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province Groningen Area (2006)  - Municipality 83. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The Jacksonville skyline and the Acosta Bridge. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Coordinates: Country Sweden Municipality LuleÃ¥ Municipality County Norrbotten Province Norrbotten Charter 17th Century Area  - City 2,110 km²  (814. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Belarus. ... Location of Minsk, shown within the Minsk Voblast Coordinates: Country Subdivision Belarus Minsk Founded 1067 Government  - Mayor Mikhail Pavlov Area  - City 305. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Finland. ... City Rovaniemi (1960) Administrative Province Province of Lapland Historical Province Lappland Area  - Total  - Land  - Water Ranked 5th (municipalities), and 1st (cities) 8,016 km² 7,601 km² 415 km² Population  - Total (01/2006)  - Density Ranked 13th 58,500 7. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... County Troms District Municipality NO-1902 Administrative centre Tromsø Mayor (2004) Herman Kristoffersen (Ap) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 18 2,566 km² 2,519 km² 0. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (3456 × 2304 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (3456 × 2304 pixel, file size: 3. ...

External links

• Murmansk's gorgeous garages - a photo journal by BBC news journalist Jorn Madslien
• Maps
• Murmansk travel guide
• Satellite picture by Google Maps
• Map of Murmansk
• Views of Murmansk group on Flickr
• Murmansk State Technical University
• British North Russian Expeditinary Force 1918-1919 (based at Murmansk)
• "Big-dollar deals tempt Arctic firms" BBC article on the energy industry's effect on Murmansk

	Cities and towns in Murmansk Oblast
	Administrative center: Murmansk Apatity | Gadzhiyevo | Kandalaksha | Kirovsk | Kola | Kovdor | Monchegorsk | Olenegorsk | Ostrovnoy | Polyarny | Polyarnye Zori | Severomorsk | Snezhnogorsk | Zaozyorsk | Zapolyarny Image File history File links Size of this preview: 448 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (600 × 802 pixel, file size: 41 KB, MIME type: image/png) Murmansk oblast, coat of arms (2004) Мурманская область, герб (2004 г.) Source: http://gerb. ... Murmansk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... Coat of arms of Apatity Apatity (Russian: ; literally means apatites) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located between Lake Imandra and Khibiny Massif some 23 km west of Kirovsk. ... , Gadzhiyevo (Russian: ) is a closed town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. ... Kandalaksha (Russian: Кандалакша; Finnish: Kannanlahti) is a city in northwestern Russia. ... Kirovsk (Russian: ), known as Khibinogorsk () until 1934, is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located at the spurs of the Khibiny Massif on the shores of the Lake Bolshoy Vudyavr some 175 km south of Murmansk. ... Kola (Russian: ) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kola and Tuloma Rivers, 12 km south of Murmansk and 24 km south-west of Severomorsk. ... Coat of arms of Kovdor Kovdor (Russian: ) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. ... Nickel and copper producing factories in Monchegorsk Monchegorsk (Russian: ) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kola peninsula. ... Coat of arms of Olenegorsk Olenegorsk (Russian: ) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. ... Ostrovnoy (Russian: ), also known as Murmansk-140 (), is a closed town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. ... Polyarny is a town on the outermost western side of the Murmansk Fjord with just under 30,000 inhabitants. ... Polyarnye Zori (Russian: ) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located on the Niva River, Lake Imandra, and Lake Pinozero some 224 km south of Murmansk. ... Severomorsk (Russian: Северомо́рск) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located about 25 km north of Murmansk. ... Snezhnogorsk (Russian: ) is a town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. ... Zaozyorsk (Murmansk oblast), proposed coat of arms. ... Zapolyarny (Russian: ) is a town in Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia. ...