Murray Newton Rothbard (March 2, 1926 – January 7, 1995) was an influential American economist, historian and natural law theorist belonging to the Austrian School of Economics who helped define modern libertarianism.^[1][2] Rothbard took the Austrian School's emphasis on spontaneous order and condemnation of central planning to an individualist anarchist conclusion,^[3] which he termed "anarcho-capitalism." He was son of David and Rae Rothbard. On January 16, 1953, he was married to JoAnn Schumacher in New York City. is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Face-to-face trading interactions on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor. ... This article is about the occupation of studying history. ... Natural law or the law of nature (Latin: lex naturalis) is an ethical theory that posits the existence of a law whose content is set by nature and that therefore has validity everywhere. ... The Austrian School, also known as the “Vienna School” or the “Psychological School”, is a heterodox school of economic thought that advocates adherence to strict methodological individualism. ... This article is about the political philosophy based on private property rights. ... Spontaneous order is a term that describes the spontaneous emergence of order out of seeming chaos. ... A planned economy is an economic system in which decisions about the production, allocation and consumption of goods and services are planned ahead of time, usually in a centralized fashion, though some proposed systems favour decentralized planning. ... In politics, individualist anarchism is a variety of anarchism that emphasises the importance of the individual. ... Anarcho-capitalism refers to an anti-statist philosophy that embraces capitalism as one of its foundational principles. ... is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... January 7 - President Harry S. Truman announces the United States has developed a hydrogen bomb. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...

Life

Rothbard was born into a Jewish family in the Bronx. "I grew up in a Communist culture," he recalled. He attended Columbia University, where he was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics (1945), a Master of Arts degree (1946), and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in economics in 1956. The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination... Alma Mater Columbia University is a private university in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. ...

In the course of his life, Rothbard was associated with a number of political thinkers and movements. During the early 1950s, he studied under the Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises, along with George Reisman. Then he began working for the William Volker Fund. During the late 1950s, Rothbard was an associate of Ayn Rand and Nathaniel Branden, a relationship later lampooned in his unpublished play Mozart Was a Red. In the late 1960s, Rothbard advocated an alliance with the New Left anti-war movement, on the grounds that the conservative movement had been completely subsumed by the statist establishment. However Rothbard later criticized the New Left for not truly being against the draft and supporting a "People's Republic" style draft. It was during this phase that he associated with Karl Hess and founded Left and Right: A Journal of Libertarian Thought with Leonard Liggio and George Resch, which existed from 1965 to 1968. From 1969 to 1984 he edited The Libertarian Forum, also initially with Hess (although Hess' involvement ended in 1971). In 1977, he established the Journal of Libertarian Studies, which he edited until his death in 1995. Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (September 29, 1881 – October 10, 1973) (pronounced was a notable economist and a major influence on the modern libertarian movement. ... George Reisman is Professor of Economics at Pepperdine University, and author of the massive 1,050-page volume Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics (ISBN 0915463733). ... The William Volker Fund, which was active from 1932 to 1965, was a charitable foundation established to subsidize the promotion and dissemination of free market economics and libertarian ideas. ... Ayn Rand (IPA: , February 2 [O.S. January 20] 1905 – March 6, 1982), born Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum (Russian: ), was a Russian-born American novelist and philosopher,[1] known for creating a philosophy she named Objectivism and for writing the novels We the Living, The Fountainhead, Atlas Shrugged and the... Nathaniel Branden (b. ... Mozart Was a Red was an unpublished one act play written in the 1960s by libertarian economist Murray Rothbard. ... The New Left is a term used in different countries to describe left-wing movements that occurred in the 1960s and 1970s. ... Karl Hess Karl Hess (May 25, 1923–April 22, 1994), was a speechwriter, editor, political philosopher, hippie, welder, motorcycle racer, tax resister and libertarian. ... Leonard Liggio (born July 5, 1933) is a self-described classical liberal author, research professor of law at George Mason University, and executive vice president of the Atlas Economic Research Foundation in Fairfax, Virginia. ... The Libertarian Forum was a libertarian journal published about twice a month from 1969 to 1984. ... The Journal of Libertarian Studies is a scholarly journal published quarterly by the Ludwig von Mises Institute and Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr. ...

During the 1970s and '80s, Rothbard was active in the Libertarian Party. He was frequently involved in the party's internal politics: from 1978 to 1983, he was associated with the Libertarian Party Radical Caucus (later reorganized as the Rothbard Caucus), allying himself with Justin Raimondo, and Bill Evers and opposing the "low tax liberalism" espoused by 1980 presidential candidate Ed Clark and Cato Institute president Edward H Crane III. He split with the Radical Caucus at the 1983 national convention, and aligned himself with what he called the "rightwing populist" wing of the party, notably Ron Paul, who ran for President on the LP ticket 1988. In 1989, Rothbard left the Libertarian Party and began building bridges to the post-Cold War right. He was the founding president of the conservative-libertarian John Randolph Club and supported the presidential campaign of Pat Buchanan in 1992. However, prior to his death in Manhattan of a heart attack, Rothbard had become disillusioned with the Buchanan movement. The Libertarian Party is a United States political party created in 1971. ... The Rothbard Caucus is a caucus within the United States Libertarian Party. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Williamson M. Evers is a research fellow at the Hoover Institution, located at Stanford University. ... Ed Clark was the Libertarian candidate for President of the United States in the 1980 presidential election. ... The Cato Institute is a libertarian think tank headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Institutes stated mission is to broaden the parameters of public policy debate to allow consideration of the traditional American principles of limited government, individual liberty, free markets, and peace by striving to achieve greater involvement... Edward H. Crane is the founder and president of the Cato Institute. ... Ronald Ernest Paul (born August 20, 1935) is a 10th-term United States congressman from Lake Jackson, Texas, a member of the Republican Party, a pro-life physician, and a candidate for the Republican nomination in the 2008 presidential election. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... The John Randolph Club (JRC) is a paleoconservative social and political organization founded in the 1980s and operated by the Rockford Institute with chapters throughout the United States. ... Patrick Joseph Buchanan (born November 2, 1938) is an American politician, author, syndicated columnist, and broadcaster. ... For other uses, see Manhattan (disambiguation). ... Heart attack redirects here. ...

In addition to his work on economics and political theory, Rothbard also wrote on economic history. He is one of the few economic authors who have studied and presented the pre-Smithian economic schools, such as the scholastics and the physiocrats. These are discussed in his unfinished, multi-volume work, An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought. For other persons named Adam Smith, see Adam Smith (disambiguation). ... Scholastic redirects here. ... The Physiocrats were a group of economists who believed that the wealth of nations was derived solely from agriculture. ... An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought is a book written by Murray N. Rothbard, with a sub-title “Economic Thought Before Adam Smith”. Volume I). ...

Rothbard opposed what he considered the overspecialization of the academy and sought to fuse the disciplines of economics, history, ethics, and political science to create a "science of liberty," as reflected in his many books and articles. His approach was influenced by the arguments of Ludwig von Mises in such books as Human Action and Theory and History that the foundations of the social sciences are in a logic of human action that can be known prior to empirical investigation. Rothbard sought to use such insights to guide historical research, especially in his work on economic history, but also in his four-volume history of the American Revolution, Conceived in Liberty. Human Action: A Treatise on Economics is the magnum opus of the Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises. ... John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen... Conceived in Liberty, authored by Murray Rothbard, is a 4-volume set covering the complete history of the United States from the pre-colonial period through the American Revolutionary War. ...

He was the academic vice president of the Ludwig von Mises Institute and the Center for Libertarian Studies (which he founded in 1976), was a distinguished professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, and edited the Rothbard-Rockwell Report with Lew Rockwell. Ludwig von Mises Institute for Austrian Economics, Auburn, Alabama The Ludwig von Mises Institute (LvMI), based in Auburn, Alabama, is a libertarian academic organisation engaged in research and scholarship in the fields of economics, philosophy and political economy. ... The Center for Libertarian Studies is a libertarian educational organization founded in 1976 by Murray Rothbard. ... “UNLV” redirects here. ... Lew Rockwell Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr. ...

The Austrian School

Part of a series on Libertarianism This article is about the political philosophy based on private property rights. ...
Schools of thought
Agorism Anarcho-capitalism Autarchism Geolibertarianism Green libertarianism Right-libertarianism Left-libertarianism Minarchism Neolibertarianism Paleolibertarianism Progressive libertarianism Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Agorism is an anarchist political philosophy founded by Samuel Edward Konkin III and characterized by proponents as left-libertarian. ... Anarcho-capitalism refers to an anti-statist philosophy that embraces capitalism as one of its foundational principles. ... The term autarchy has two different meanings. ... Geolibertarianism (also geoanarchism) is a liberal political philosophy that holds along with other forms of libertarian individualism that each individual has an exclusive right to the fruits of his or her labor, as opposed to this product being owned collectively by society or the community. ... Green-Libertarian describes a political philosophy that was established in the United States. ... Libertarianism is a political philosophy that holds that individuals should be allowed complete freedom of action as long as they do not infringe on the freedom of others. ... Left-libertarianism is a term that has been adopted by several different movements and theorists. ... In civics, minarchism, sometimes called minimal statism or small government, is the view that the size, role and influence of government in a free society should be minimal — only large enough to protect the liberty and property of each individual. ... Neolibertarianism is a political philosophy combining elements of libertarian and conservative thought that embraces incrementalism and pragmatism domestically, and a generally interventionist foreign policy based on self-interest, national defense and the expansion of freedom. ... Paleolibertarianism is a school of thought within American libertarianism founded by Lew Rockwell and Murray Rothbard, and closely associated with the Ludwig von Mises Institute. ... Progressive Libertarianism is a political or philosophy whose adherents promote social change through voluntarism rather than government laws and regulation. ...
Origins
Austrian School Chicago School Classical liberalism Individualist anarchism The Austrian School, also known as the “Vienna School” or the “Psychological School”, is a heterodox school of economic thought that advocates adherence to strict methodological individualism. ... The Chicago school of economics is a school of thought favoring free-market economics practiced at and disseminated from the University of Chicago in the middle of the 20th century. ... Classical liberalism (also known as traditional liberalism[1] and laissez-faire liberalism[2]) is a doctrine stressing the importance of human rationality, individual property rights, natural rights, the protection of civil liberties, constitutional limitations of government, free markets, and individual freedom from restraint as exemplified in the writings of Adam... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Individualist anarchism (also anarchist individualism, anarcho-individualism, individualistic anarchism) refers to any of several traditions that hold that individual conscience and the pursuit of self-interest should not be constrained by any collective body or public...
Ideas
Civil liberties Economic freedom Free markets Free trade Humanism Laissez-faire Liberty Individualism Non-aggression Private property Self-ownership Tax cuts Civil liberties is the name given to freedoms that protect the individual from government. ... A free market is an idealized market, where all economic decisions and actions by individuals regarding transfer of money, goods, and services are voluntary, and are therefore devoid of coercion and theft (some definitions of coercion are inclusive of theft). Colloquially and loosely, a free market economy is an economy... Free trade is an economic concept referring to the selling of products between countries without tariffs or other trade barriers. ... See also the specific life stance known as Humanism For the Renaissance liberal arts movement, see Renaissance humanism Humanism is a broad category of ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appeal to universal human qualities... Laissez-faire is short for laissez faire, laissez passer, a French phrase meaning to let things alone, let them pass. First used by the eighteenth century Physiocrats as an injunction against government interference with trade, it is now used as a synonym for strict free market economics. ... For other uses, see Liberty (disambiguation). ... Methodological individualism is a philosophical orientation toward explaining broad society-wide developments as the accumulation of decisions by individuals. ... The non-aggression principle (also called the non-aggression axiom, anticoercion principle, or zero aggression principle) is a deontological ethical stance associated with the libertarian movement. ... This page deals with property as ownership rights. ... Self-ownership or sovereignty of the individual or individual sovereignty is the condition where an individual has the exclusive moral right to control his or her own body and life. ... A tax cut is a reduction in the rate of tax charged by a government, for example on personal or corporate income. ...
Topics
Economic views History Movement Parties Theories of law Views of rights Criticism of libertarianism Libertarian Republican Libertarian Democrat Economic libertarianism is the doctrine that government should not engage in economic interventionism, but only prohibit force and fraud. ... The history of libertarianism is closely related to the history of classical liberalism. ... The libertarian movement consists of the various individuals and institutions who have historically advanced the ideas and causes of libertarianism. ... Many countries and subnational political entities have libertarian political parties. ... Libertarian theories of law build on libertarianism or classical liberalism. ... Libertarians and Objectivists limit what they define as rights to variations on the right to be left alone, and argue that other rights such as the right to a good education or the right to have free access to water are not legitimate rights and do not deserve the same... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Libertarianism. ... A libertarian Republican is a person who subscribes to libertarian philosophy while typically voting for and being involved with the United States Republican Party. ... A libertarian Democrat is a person who subscribes to libertarian philosophy while typically voting for and being involved with the United States Democratic Party. ...
Politics Portal
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Main article: Austrian School

The Austrian School of economics was founded with the publication of Carl Menger's 1871 book Principles of Economics. Members of this school approach economics as an a priori system like logic or mathematics, rather than as an empirical science like geology. It attempts to discover axioms of human action (called "praxeology" in the Austrian tradition) and make deductions therefrom. Some of these praxeological axioms are: Image File history File links Portal. ... The Austrian School, also known as the “Vienna School” or the “Psychological School”, is a heterodox school of economic thought that advocates adherence to strict methodological individualism. ... Austrian School economist Carl Menger Carl Menger Carl Menger (February 28, 1840 – February 26, 1921) was the founder of the Austrian School of economics. ... Principles of Economics (Grundsätze der Volkswirtschaftslehre) is a book by economist Carl Menger which is credited with the founding of the Austrian School of economics. ... Praxeology is the science of human action. ...

• Humans act purposefully.
• Humans prefer more of a good to less.
• Humans prefer to receive a good sooner rather than later.
• Each party to a trade benefits ex ante.

Even in the early days, Austrian economics was used as a theoretical weapon against socialism and statist socialist policy. Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, a colleague of Menger, wrote one of the first critiques of socialism ever written in his treatise The Exploitation Theory of Socialism-Communism. Later, Friedrich Hayek wrote The Road to Serfdom, asserting that a command economy destroys the information function of prices, and that authority over the economy leads to totalitarianism. Another very influential Austrian economist was Ludwig von Mises, author of the praxeological work Human Action. Ex ante is a Latin term meaning beforehand. Ex ante evaluations deal with forecasting and forecasted returns on invested money. ... Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk (February 12, 1851 – August 27, 1914) made important contributions to the development of Austrian economics. ... Friedrich August von Hayek, CH (May 8, 1899 in Vienna – March 23, 1992 in Freiburg) was an Austrian-born British economist and political philosopher known for his defense of liberal democracy and free-market capitalism against socialist and collectivist thought in the mid-20th century. ... The Road to Serfdom is a book written by Friedrich Hayek (recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1974) and originally published by Routledge Press in March 1944 in the UK and then by the University of Chicago in September 1944. ... A planned economy is an economic system in which economic decisions are made by centralized planners, who determine what sorts of goods and services to produce, and how they are to be priced and allocated. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Totalitarianism is a term employed by some scientists, especially those in the field of comparative politics, to describe modern regimes in which the state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private behavior. ... Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (September 29, 1881 – October 10, 1973) (pronounced was a notable economist and a major influence on the modern libertarian movement. ... Human Action: A Treatise on Economics is the magnum opus of the Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises. ...

Murray Rothbard, a student of Mises, is the man who attempted to meld Austrian economics with classical liberalism and individualist anarchism, and is credited with coining the term "anarcho-capitalism". He was probably the first to use "libertarian" in its current (U.S.) pro-capitalist sense. He was a trained economist, but also knowledgeable in history and political philosophy. When young, he considered himself part of the Old Right, an anti-statist and anti-interventionist branch of the U.S. Republican party. When interventionist cold warriors of the National Review, such as William Buckley, gained influence in the Republican party in the 1950s, Rothbard quit that group and formed an alliance with left-wing antiwar groups. Later, Rothbard was an early supporter of the U.S. Libertarian Party, despite initially opposing it on grounds that it was premature. In the late 1950s, Rothbard was briefly involved with Ayn Rand's Objectivism, but later had a falling out. Rothbard's books, such as Man, Economy, and State, Power and Market, The Ethics of Liberty, and For a New Liberty, are considered by some to be classics of natural law libertarian thought. The Old Right refers to separate political groups in the United Kingdom and the United States. ... A planned economy is an economic system in which economic decisions are made by centralized planners, who determine what sorts of goods and services to produce, and how they are to be priced and allocated. ... The Republican Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States of America, along with the Democratic Party. ... Cold warrior is a phrase used to describe the men and women involved in the shaping and executing of American and Soviet policy during the Cold War. ... National Review (NR) is a biweekly magazine of political opinion, founded by author William F. Buckley, Jr. ... William Buckley may refer to: Cecil William Buckley (1830-1872), recipient of the Victoria Cross William Buckley (convict) (1780-1856), English convict Bill Buckley (born 1959), presenter on London talk radio station LBC 97. ... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition... Anti war protest in Melbourne, Australia, 2003 Anti-war is a term that is widely adopted by any social movement or person that seeks to end or oppose a future or current war. ... Ayn Rand (IPA: , February 2 [O.S. January 20] 1905 – March 6, 1982), born Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum (Russian: ), was a Russian-born American novelist and philosopher,[1] known for creating a philosophy she named Objectivism and for writing the novels We the Living, The Fountainhead, Atlas Shrugged and the... Objectivism is the philosophical system developed by Russian-American philosopher and writer Ayn Rand. ... Man, Economy, and State is a treatise on economic principles by Murray Rothbard, and is one of the most important books in the Austrian School of economics (others are Ludwig von Mises The Theory of Money and Credit and Human Action) When originally published in 1962, the final eight chapters... Power and Market is a 1970 book by Murray Rothbard in which he analyzes the negative effects of the various kinds of government intervention, and denies that government is either useful or necessary. ... The Ethics of Liberty, by American economist and historian Murray N. Rothbard, first published in 1982, is a rigorous and philosophically sophisticated exposition of the libertarian political position. ... For a New Liberty: The Libertarian Manifesto is a book by American economist and historian Murray N. Rothbard, first published in 1973, that helped launch the modern libertarian movement in the United States. ...

Rothbard divides the various kinds of state intervention in three categories:

1. autistic intervention, which is interference with private non-exchange activities
2. binary intervention, which is forced exchange between individuals and the state
3. triangular intervention, which is state-mandated exchange between individuals.

According to Sanford Ikeda, Rothbard's typology "eliminates the gaps and inconsistencies that appear in Mises's original formulation."^[4]

Rothbard argued that the entire Austrian economic theory is the working out of the logical implications of the fact that humans engage in purposeful action.^[5]

Anarcho-capitalism

Part of the Politics series on Anarchism For other uses, see Politics (disambiguation). ... Anarchist redirects here. ...

Schools of thought Buddhist • Capitalist • Christian Collectivist • Communist • Crypto Feminist • Green • Individualist Info • Insurrectionary • Left Mutualist • Philosophical Platformism • Post-left Primitivist • Rational Social • Syndicalist Without adjectives Image File history File links Anarchy-symbol. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Anarchism is a political philosophy with many heterogeneous and diverse schools of thought, united by a common opposition to compulsory rule. ... Some anarchists believe that Buddhism forms a philisophical ground for anarchism, as a result of basic Buddhist teachings. ... Anarcho-capitalism refers to an anti-statist philosophy that embraces capitalism as one of its foundational principles. ... Christian anarchism is any of several traditions which combine anarchism with Christianity. ... Left Anarchism is a term used almost exclusively by opponents of traditional anarchism to denominate philosophies that oppose private ownership of the means of production (or capitalism). ... Libertarian Communism redirects here. ... Crypto-anarchism is a philosophy that expounds the use of strong public-key cryptography to enforce privacy and individual freedom. ... Anarcha-feminism combines anarchism with feminism. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Green anarchism is a school of thought within anarchism which puts an emphasis on the environment. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Individualist anarchism (also anarchist individualism, anarcho-individualism, individualistic anarchism) refers to any of several traditions that hold that individual conscience and the pursuit of self-interest should not be constrained by any collective body or public... Infoanarchism has been used as an umbrella term for various groups of people who are opposed to forms of so-called intellectual property, including copyright and patents. ... Insurrectionary anarchism is a revolutionary theory, practice and tendency within the anarchist movement which opposes formal anarchist organizations such as labor unions and federations that are based on a political programme and periodic congresses. ... Left Anarchism is a term used almost exclusively by opponents of traditional anarchism to denominate philosophies that oppose private ownership of the means of production (or capitalism). ... Mutualism is an economic theory or system, largely associated with Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, based on a labor theory of value which holds that in extreme laissez-faire, market competition will cause the market values (prices) of commodities and services to align with the amount of labor embodied in those things. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Philosophical anarchism is a form of anarchistic thought which contends that the State lacks moral legitimacy. ... Platformism is a tendency within the wider anarchist movement which shares an affinity with organising in the tradition of Nestor Makhnos Organizational Platform of the Libertarian Communists. ... Post-left anarchy is a recent current in anarchist thought that promotes a critique of anarchisms relationship to traditional leftism. ... Theory Issues Culture By region Lists Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Anarcho-primitivism is an anarchist critique of the origins and progress of civilization. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Rational anarchy is a system by which anarchy is balanced by the logic that some form of government is needed, despite its flaws. ... Social anarchism is a term self-applied by many anarchists of the libertarian socialist thread of anarchism. ... Anarcho-syndicalism is a branch of anarchism which focuses on the labour movement. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Theory and practice Anarchy • Black bloc Co-operatives • Counter-economics Direct action • Direct democracy Economics • Especifismo Illegalism • Law • Mutual aid Propaganda of the deed Self-ownership • Social ecology Spontaneous order Squatting • Theorists Workers' self-management For other uses, see Anarchy (disambiguation). ... A black bloc is an affinity group, or cluster of affinity groups,[1] that comes together during some sort of protest, demonstration, or other event involving class struggle, anti-capitalism, or anti-globalization. ... For other uses, see Coop. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Direct action is a form of political activism which seeks immediate remedy for perceived ills, as opposed to indirect actions such as electing representatives who promise to provide remedy at some later date. ... Direct democracy, classically termed pure democracy,[1] comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein sovereignty is lodged in the assembly of all citizens who choose to participate. ... Anarchist economics entails theory and practice relating to economic activity within the philosophical outlines of anarchism. ... Especifismo is an anarchist praxis which originates in South America. ... Illegalism is an anarchist philosophy which developed primarily in France in the early 1900s parallel to anarchist individualism. ... Anarchist law refers to a concept about the law to use in anarchies, although some people define anarchies as communities without any law. ... Mutual aid is a term in political economy used to signify the economic concept of voluntary reciprocal exchange of resources and services for mutual benefit. ... Propaganda of the deed (or propaganda by the deed, from the French propagande par le fait) is a concept of anarchist origin, which appeared towards the end of the 19th century, that promoted terrorism against political enemies as a way of inspiring the masses and catalyzing revolution. ... Self-ownership or sovereignty of the individual or individual sovereignty is the condition where an individual has the exclusive moral right to control his or her own body and life. ... Social ecology is, in the words of its leading exponents, a coherent radical critique of current social, political, and anti-ecological trends as well as a reconstructive, ecological, communitarian, and ethical approach to society. Social Ecology is a radical view of ecology and of social/political systems. ... Spontaneous order is a term that describes the spontaneous emergence of order out of seeming chaos. ... For other uses, see squat. ... Worker self-management (or autogestion) is a form of workplace decision-making in which the employees themselves agree on choices (for issues like customer care, general production methods, scheduling, division of labour etc. ... Issues Anarcho-capitalism • Animal rights Capitalism • Criticisms • Islam Marxism • Nationalism Orthodox Judaism • Religion Violence It has been suggested that Major conflicts within anarchist thought be merged into this article or section. ... This article discusses anarchism and anarcho-capitalism. ... The initials of the Animal Liberation Front with an anarchist circle-A incorporated into the design The anarchist philosophical and political movement has some connections to elements of the animal liberation movement. ... Though the libertarian socialist critique of capitalism is rooted in socialist theory, there are certain key distinctions in their critiques, which this article attempts to elucidate. ... The theory and practice of anarchism has been controversial since it came to prominence in the 19th century. ... Although anarchists commonly reject organized religion (see anarchism and religion), and Islamic Law has been used as a basis for authoritarian regimes, there have also been numerous traditions within Islam (often associated with Sufism) that can be interpreted as anarchist in nature. ... While anarchism and Marxism are two different political philosophies, there is some similarity between the methodology and ideology of groups of anarchists and Marxists, and the history of the two have often been intertwined. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Nationalism and anarchism both emerged in Europe following the French Revolution and have a long and complicated relationship, going back at least to Bakunin and his involvement with the Pan-Slavic movement prior to his conversion... While there is no organized Orthodox Jewish anarchist movement, various anarchistic ideas are common in the works of many Kabbalists and Hasidic teachers. ... Anarchism is a generic term describing various political philosophies and social movements that advocate the elimination of hierarchy and imposed authority. ... History Amakasu Incident Anarchy in Somalia Australian Centenary Celebrations Barcelona May Days Escuela Moderna • Hague Congress Haymarket Riot High Treason Incident Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine International Congress of Amsterdam Kate Sharpley Library Kronstadt rebellion Labadie Collection • LIP • May 1968 May Day • Paris Commune Spanish Revolution • Tragic Week Anarcho-primitivists assert that, for the longest period before recorded history, human society was organized on anarchist principles. ... The Amakasu Incident occurred on September 16, 1923, in the chaos immediately following the Great Kantō earthquake. ... Somalia, from 1991-2006, is cited by some as a real-world example of a stateless society and legal system. ... One of the four posters produced for the celebrations The Australian Anarchist Centenary Celebrations occurred on the 1st to the 4th of May, 1986 in Melbourne, Australia. ... From May 3rd to May 8th of 1937, factions on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War engaged in violent street battles. ... La Escuela Moderna (trans. ... The Hague Congress of the International Workers Association (September 1872) marked the end of this organization as a unitarian alliance of all socialist factions (Anarchists and Marxists). ... The Haymarket Riot on May 4, 1886 in Chicago is generally considered to have been an important influence on the origin of international May Day observances for workers. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Simon Karetnik, Batko Makhno, and Fedir Shchus (Fedor Shchus). ... The International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam took place from 24 August to 31 August 1907. ... The Kate Sharpley Library, or KSL, is a library dedicated to anarchist texts and history. ... Combatants Soviet Sailors Red Army Commanders Stepan Petrichenko Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky Strength c. ... The Labadie Collection at the University of Michigan is recognized as one of the world’s most complete collections of materials documenting the history of anarchism and other radical movements from the 19th century to the present. ... LIP. Call for the march on Besançon. ... A May 1968 poster: Be young and shut up, with stereotypical silhouette of General de Gaulle. ... May Day is May 1, and refers to any of several holidays celebrated on this day. ... Le Père Duchesne looking at the statue of Napoleon I on top of the Vendome column: Eh ben ! bougre de canaille, on va donc te foutre en bas comme ta crapule de neveu !… (Well now! buggering rascal, we will knock you the fuck off just like your crook of... In Spanish history, there have been several revolutions. ... A depiction of the death of Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia as a result of Tragic Week. ... Culture Anarcho-punk • Arts Black anarchism • Culture jamming DIY culture • Freeganism Free school • Free store • Indymedia Infoshop • Jewish anarchism Popular education • Symbolism The anarchy symbol commonly used by anarcho-punks Anarcho-punk (sometimes known as peace-punk) is a subgenre of the punk rock movement consisting of groups and bands promoting specifically anarchist ideas. ... Anarchism has long had an association with the arts, particularly in music and literature. ... Black anarchism opposes the existence of a state and subjugation and domination of people of color, and favors a non-hierarchical organization of society. ... Culture jamming is the act of transforming existing mass media to produce commentary about itself, using the original mediums communication method. ... Main articles: DIY ethic and Do it yourself DIY (or Do It Yourself) culture is a broad term used to refer to a wide range of grassroots political activism. ... Freeganism is an anti-consumerism lifestyle whereby people employ alternative living strategies based on limited participation in the conventional economy and minimal consumption of resources. ... A free school is a decentralized network in which skills, information, and knowledge are shared without hierarchy and the institutional environment of formal schooling. ... Give-away shops, freeshops, or free stores are second-hand stores that are starting to appear in Northern European towns and cities, especially in the Netherlands and Germany. ... Temporary IMC in Edinburgh covering protests at the 2005 G8 summit The Independent Media Center (aka Indymedia or IMC) is a global network of participatory journalists that reports with a generally left-wing perspective on political and social issues. ... An infoshop is a storefront or community space that serves as a node for the distribution of anarchist information, typically in the form of books, zines, stickers and posters. ... Freie Arbeiter Stimme, vol 1 no 4, Friday, July 25, 1890. ... It has been suggested that Folk high school be merged into this article or section. ... By region Africa • Austria • Brazil • China England • France • Greece Ireland • Israel • Italy • Mexico Russia • Spain • Sweden Ukraine • USA Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        This is a list of anarchist movements by region, both geographical and/or political. ... African Anarchism This article is about the historical and contemporary Anarchist movement in Africa. ... Anarchism in England initially developed within the context of radical Whiggery and Protestant religious dissent. ... Lists Books • Communities Concepts • Fictional characters Jewish anarchists • Musicians Movements by region Organizations • Periodicals Poets • Anarcho-punk bands Anarchist Daniel Guérin, Anarchism Robert Graham Anarchism. ... This is a list of anarchist communities, past and present. ... These are concepts which, although not exclusive to anarchism, are significant in historical and/or modern anarchist circles. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy certain standards for completeness. ... Yehuda Ashlag Paul Avrich Fanya Baron Herbert Baum Julian Beck Alexander Berkman Abe Bluestein Mykel Board Dmitry Bogrov Murray Bookchin Martin Buber Sam Dolgoff Eric Drooker Noam Chomsky Norman Cohn[] David Edelstadt Carl Einstein George Engel Samuel Fielden Vera Figner Adolph Fischer Senya Fleshin Charles Fourier (proto-anarchist) Alan Freed... The following is a list of notable anarchist musicians. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        This is a list of anarchist movements by region, both geographical and/or political. ... This list uses the word organization in its loosest sense. ... The following is a chronological list of noteworthy anarchist periodicals. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        This is a list of anarcho-punk bands, including anarchist bands labelled as crust punk, D-beat, hardcore and folk punk. ... Related Anti-anarchism • Anti-capitalism Anti-communism • Anti-consumerism Anti-corporatism• Anti-globalization Antimilitarism • Anti-statism Antiwar • Autarchism Autonomism • Labour movement Libertarianism Situationist International Anti-anarchism is an ideology of opposition to anarchist movement and ideology. ... This article lists ideologies opposed to capitalism and describes them briefly. ... Anti-communism refers to opposition to communism. ... It has been suggested that Affluenza be merged into this article or section. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Anti-corporate activists (see activism) believe that the rise of large business corporations is posing a threat to the legitimate authority of the public good. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Theory and practice Issues History Culture By region Lists Related Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Antimilitarism is a doctrine commonly found in the anarchist and, more globally, in the socialist movement, which may be both characterized as internationalist movements. ... Anti-statism refers to all philosophies that in some degree reject or oppose the establishment of a state, or territorial national governments. ... Anti war protest in Melbourne, Australia, 2003 Anti-war is a term that is widely adopted by any social movement or person that seeks to end or oppose a future or current war. ... The term autarchy has two different meanings. ... Raised fist, stenciled protest symbol of Autonome at the Ernst-Kirchweger-Haus in Vienna, Austria Autonomism refers to a set of left-wing political and social movements and theories close to the socialist movement. ... The labour movement or labor movement is a broad term for the development of a collective organization of working people, to campaign in their own interest for better treatment from their employers and political governments, in particular through the implementation of specific laws governing labor relations. ... This article is about the political philosophy based on private property rights. ... The Situationist International (SI) was a small group of international political and artistic agitators with roots in Marxism, Lettrism and the early 20th century European artistic and political avant-gardes. ... Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·  v • d • e

Main article: Anarcho-capitalism

"Capitalism is the fullest expression of anarchism, and anarchism is the fullest expression of capitalism." -Murray Rothbard Anarcho-capitalism refers to an anti-statist philosophy that embraces capitalism as one of its foundational principles. ...

– ^[6]

Rothbard was "a student and disciple of the Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises, [who] combined the laissez-faire economics of his teacher with the absolutist views of human rights and rejection of the state he had absorbed from studying the individualist American anarchists of the nineteenth century such as Lysander Spooner and Benjamin Tucker."^[7] Rothbard said: Lysander Spooner (January 19, 1808 – May 14, 1887) was an American individualist anarchist political philosopher, abolitionist, and legal theorist of the 19th century. ... Benjamin Ricketson Tucker Benjamin Ricketson Tucker (April 17, 1854 – June 22, 1939) was the leading proponent of American individualist anarchism in the 19th century. ...

Like the nineteenth century individualists, he believed that security should be provided by multiple competing businesses rather than by a tax-funded central agency.^[9] However, he rejected their labor theory of value in favor of the modern neo-classical marginalist view. Thus, like most modern economists, he did not believe that prices in a free market would, or should be, proportional to labor (nor that "usury" or "exploitation" necessarily occurs where they are disproportionate). Instead, he believed that different prices of goods and services in a market, whether completely free or not, are ultimately the result of goods and services having different marginal utilities rather than the fact they contain differing amounts of labor - and that there is nothing unjust about this. Rothbard also disagreed with Tucker that interest would disappear with unregulated banking and money issuance. Rothbard believed that people in general do not wish to lend their money to others without compensation, so there is no reason why this would change where banking is unregulated. Nor, did he agree that unregulated banking would increase the supply of money because he believed the supply of money in a truly free market is self-regulating. And, he believed that it is good that it would not increase the supply or inflation would result.^[10] Rothbard said he was "strongly tempted to call [himself] an “individualist anarchist," except he believed that "Spooner and Tucker have in a sense preempted that name for their doctrine and that from that doctrine I have certain differences." So, he chose to call his philosophy "anarcho-capitalism." However, today, the term "individualist anarchism" has in fact not been preempted by the nineteenth century individualists, because a wide range of scholars do say that anarcho-capitalism is a capitalist form of individualist anarchism.^[11] According to mutualist, Kevin Carson who subscribes to the old theories, few individualist anarchists still agree with the labor theory of value of the nineteenth century individualists or their theories on money, and as a result, "most people who call themselves 'individualist anarchists' today are followers of Murray Rothbard's Austrian economics."^[12] For example, anarcho-capitalist Wendy McElroy refers to herself as a "Rothbardian and an individualist anarchist."^[13] The Austrian School is a school of economic thought which rejects opposing economists reliance on methods used in natural science for the study of human action, and instead bases its formalism of economics on relationships through logic or introspection called praxeology. ... The labor theories of value (LTV) are theories in economics according to which the true values of commodities are related to the labor needed to produce them. ... Marginalism is the use of marginal concepts within economics. ... The marginal utility of a good or service is its utility in its least urgent use (of the available uses), in other words, the use that is in the margin. ... Mutualism is an economic theory or system, largely associated with Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, based on a labor theory of value which holds that in extreme laissez-faire, market competition will cause the market values (prices) of commodities and services to align with the amount of labor embodied in those things. ... Kevin Carson is a contemporary American individualist anarchist and author. ... Wendy McElroy is a Canadian individualist anarchist and individualist feminist. ...

Cover of the 2004 edition of "Man, Economy, and State".

Anarchists who are not individualist anarchists oppose the idea that private defense could be compatible with anarchism.^{[citation needed]} It was in 1949 that Rothbard first concluded that the free market could provide all services, including police, courts, and defense services better than could the State. Prior to this it was advocated by nineteenth century individualist anarchists such as Benjamin Tucker, whose writings were an influence on Rothard^[14] Prior to this it was advocated by Gustave de Molinari who Rothbard calls the first anarcho-capitalist. Rothbard described the moral basis for his anarcho-capitalist position in two of his books, For a New Liberty, published in 1972, and The Ethics of Liberty, published in 1982. He described how a stateless economy would function in his book Power and Market. According to Rothbard, the difference between a state and voluntary defense is that a state taxes and it enforces a territorial monopoly, over property that it does not own (private property), on the use of defense and punitive force. Private defense relies on voluntary payments and it does not forcefully prevent other private defenders from competing for business. For example, if someone subscribed to a private police agency, and someone had broken into that person's home, then that individual could call the private police to come to the home and arrest the intruder and take him to a private jail and private court. A state claims a monopoly over such force on property that anarcho-capitalists do not believe that the state owns (e.g. the person's home); it does not permit this kind of competition, by definition. Image File history File linksMetadata Rothbard-MES.jpg‎ This small image of a book cover was taken from the Mises Institute webstore. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In politics, individualist anarchism is a variety of anarchism that emphasises the importance of the individual. ... Benjamin Ricketson Tucker Benjamin Ricketson Tucker (April 17, 1854 – June 22, 1939) was the leading proponent of American individualist anarchism in the 19th century. ... Gustave de Molinari Gustave de Molinari (March 3, 1819 - January 28, 1912) was a Belgian-born economist associated with French laissez-faire liberal economists such as Frédéric Bastiat and Hippolyte Castille. ... For a New Liberty: The Libertarian Manifesto is a book by American economist and historian Murray N. Rothbard, first published in 1973, that helped launch the modern libertarian movement in the United States. ... The Ethics of Liberty, by American economist and historian Murray N. Rothbard, first published in 1982, is a rigorous and philosophically sophisticated exposition of the libertarian political position. ... Power and Market is a 1970 book by Murray Rothbard in which he analyzes the negative effects of the various kinds of government intervention, and denies that government is either useful or necessary. ...

In The Ethics of Liberty, Rothbard asserted the right of 100 percent self-ownership, as the only principle compatible with a moral code that applies to every person - a "universal ethic" - and that it is a natural law by being what is naturally best for man.^[15] He believed that, as a result, individuals owned the fruits of their labor. Accordingly, each person had the right to exchange his property with others. He believed that if an individual mixes his labor with unowned land then he is the proper owner, and from that point on it is private property that may only exchange hands by trade or gift. He also argued that such land would tend not to remain unused unless it makes economic sense to not put it to use.^[16] Rothbard defined the libertarian position through what is called the non-aggression principle, that "No person may aggress against anybody else." Rothbard attacked taxation as theft, because it was taking someone else's property without his consent. Further, conscription was slavery, and war was murder. Rothbard also opposed compulsory jury service and involuntary mental hospitalization. The Ethics of Liberty, by American economist and historian Murray N. Rothbard, first published in 1982, is a rigorous and philosophically sophisticated exposition of the libertarian political position. ... Self-ownership or sovereignty of the individual or individual sovereignty is the condition where an individual has the exclusive moral right to control his or her own body and life. ...

It must be noted that there are other versions of anarcho-capitalism besides Rothard's version. For example David D. Friedman's anarcho-capitalism advocates that law itself be bought and sold in the market, rather than just defense services. In Rothbardian anarcho-capitalism, there would first be the implementation of a mutually agreed-upon libertarian "legal code which would be generally accepted, and which the courts would pledge themselves to follow."^[17] This legal code would recognize sovereignty of the individual and the principle of non-aggression. David D. Friedman (b. ... Sovereignty of the individual is the political and philosophical viewpoint that a person has complete authority only over him or herself and his/her own life. ... The non-aggression principle (also called the non-aggression axiom, anticoercion principle, or zero aggression principle) is a deontological ethical stance associated with the libertarian movement. ...

Tactics

Rothbard criticized the "frenzied nihilism" of left-wing libertarians but also criticized right-wing libertarians who were content to rely only on education to bring down the state; he believed that libertarians should adopt any non-immoral tactic available to them in order bring about liberty.^[18]

Rothbard's law

Rothbard's law is a self-attributed adage. In essence, Rothbard suggested that an otherwise talented individual would specialize and focus in an area at which they were weaker — or simply flat out wrong. Or as he often put it: "everyone specializes in what he is worst at." An adage (IPA ), or adagium (Latin), is a short, but memorable saying, which holds some important fact of experience that is considered true by many people, or it has gained some credibility through its long use. ...

Cover from the first volume of the 2006 Mises Institute edition of An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought

In one example, he discusses his time spent with Ludwig von Mises, Image File history File links Rothbard-EconThought. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Ludwig von Mises Institute is a foundation, based in Auburn, Alabama, dedicated to research on economics and political economy. ...

In all the years I attended his seminar and was with him, he never talked about foreign policy. If he was an interventionist on foreign affairs, I never knew it. This is a violation of Rothbard's law, which is that people tend to specialize in what they are worst at. Henry George, for example, is great on everything but land, so therefore he writes about land 90% of the time. Friedman is great except on money, so he concentrates on money. Mises, however, and Kirzner too, always did what they were best at.

Continuing on this point, Henry George Henry George (September 2, 1839 – October 29, 1897) was an American political economist and the most influential proponent of the Single Tax on land. ... Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American Nobel Laureate economist and public intellectual. ... Israel Meir Kirzner (Yisroel Mayer Kirzner) (born February 13, 1930) is a leading economist in the Austrian School. ...

There was another group coming up in the sixties, students of Robert LeFevre's Freedom School and later Rampart College. At one meeting, Friedman and Tullock were brought in for a week, I had planned to have them lecture on occupational licensing and on ocean privatization, respectively. Unfortunately, they spoke on these subjects for 30 minutes and then rode their hobby horses, monetary theory and public choice, the rest of the time. I immediately clashed with Friedman. He had read my America's Great Depression and was furious that he was suddenly meeting all these Rothbardians. He didn't know such things existed.

Robert LeFevre (1911–1986) was a libertarian businessman and radio personality. ... The Freedom School was located in Colorado, United States, offering a series of lectures by libertarian theorist Robert LeFevre in the 1950s and 1960s. ... Gordon Tullock (born February 13, 1922 in Rockford, Illinois) is currently professor of law and economics at the George Mason University School of Law in Arlington, Virginia. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Public choice theory is a branch of economics that studies the decision-making behavior of voters, politicians and government officials from the perspective of economic theory. ... Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American Nobel Laureate economist and public intellectual. ... Cover of the Mises Institutes 2000 edition of Americas Great Depression. ...

Criticism of Keynes and Bentham

Rothbard was an ardent critic of the influential economist John Maynard Keynes and Keynesian economic thought. His essay Keynes, the Man[3], is a scathing attack upon Keynes' economic ideas and personage. Keynes redirects here. ... Keynesian economics, or Keynesianism, is an economic theory based on the ideas of John Maynard Keynes, as put forward in his book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, published in 1936 in response to the Great Depression of the 1930s. ...

Rothbard, among others, was also severely critical of utilitarian philosopher Jeremy Bentham in his essay, Jeremy Bentham: The Utilitarian as Big Brother published in his work, Classical Economics. Utilitarianism is a suggested theoretical framework for morality, law and politics, based on quantitative maximisation of some definition of utility for society or humanity. ... A philosopher is a person who thinks deeply regarding people, society, the world, and/or the universe. ... Jeremy Bentham (IPA: ) (26 February [O.S. 15 February 15] 1748) – June 6, 1832) was an English jurist, philosopher, and legal and social reformer. ...

Economists and the free market

• Murray Rothbard devotes a chapter of Power and Market to the traditional role of the economist in public life. Rothbard notes that the functions of the economist on the free market differ strongly from those of the economist on the hampered market. "What can the economist do on the purely free market?" Rothbard asks. "He can explain the workings of the market economy (a vital task, especially since the untutored person tends to regard the market economy as sheer chaos), but he can do little else." [4] [5]

Power and Market is a 1970 book by Murray Rothbard in which he analyzes the negative effects of the various kinds of government intervention, and denies that government is either useful or necessary. ...

Books

Cover of the Mises Institute's 2000 edition of America's Great Depression.

• Man, Economy, and State (Full Text; ISBN 0-945466-30-7) (1962)
• The Panic of 1819. 1962, 2006 edition: ISBN 1-933550-08-2.
• America's Great Depression. ISBN 0-945466-05-6. (1963, 1972, 1975, 1983, 2000)
• What Has Government Done to Our Money? (Full Text / Audio Book) ISBN 0-945466-44-7. (1963)
• Economic Depressions: Causes and Cures (1969)
• Power and Market. ISBN 1-933550-05-8. (1970) (restored to Man, Economy, and State ISBN 0-945466-30-7, 2004)
• Education: Free and Compulsory. ISBN 0-945466-22-6. (1972)
• Left and Right, Selected Essays 1954-65 (1972)
• For a New Liberty: The Libertarian Manifesto (Full text / Audio book) ISBN 0-945466-47-1. (1973, 1978)
• The Essential von Mises (1973)
• The Case for the 100 Percent Gold Dollar. ISBN 0-945466-34-X. (Full Text / Audio Book) (1974)
• Egalitarianism as a Revolt Against Nature and Other Essays ISBN 0-945466-23-4. (1974)
• Conceived in Liberty (4 vol.) ISBN 0-945466-26-9. (1975-79)
• Individualism and the Philosophy of the Social Sciences. ISBN 0-932790-03-8. (1979)
• The Ethics of Liberty (Full Text / Audio Book) ISBN 0-8147-7559-4. (1982)
• The Mystery of Banking. ISBN 0-943940-04-4. (1983)
• Ludwig von Mises: Scholar, Creator, Hero. OCLC 20856420. (1988)
• Freedom, Inequality, Primitivism, and the Division of Labor. Full text (included as Chapter 16 in Egalitarianism above) (1991)
• The Case Against the Fed. ISBN 0-945466-17-X. (1994)
• An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought (2 vol.) ISBN 0-945466-48-X. (1995)
• Wall Street, Banks, and American Foreign Policy. (Full Text) with an introduction by Justin Raimondo. (1995)
• Making Economic Sense. ISBN 0-945466-18-8. (1995, 2006)
• Logic of Action (2 vol.) ISBN 1-85898-015-1 and ISBN 1-85898-570-6. (1997)
• The Austrian Theory of the Trade Cycle and Other Essays. ISBN 0-945466-21-8. (also by Mises, Hayek, & Haberler)
• Irrepressible Rothbard: The Rothbard-Rockwell Report Essays of Murray N. Rothbard. (Full Text.) ISBN 1-883959-02-0. (2000)
• History of Money and Banking in the United States. ISBN 0-945466-33-1. (2005)
• The Complete Libertarian Forum (2 vol.) (Full Text) ISBN 1-933550-02-3. (2006)
• Economic Controversies (to be published 2007)
• The Betrayal of the American Right ISBN 978-1-933550-13-8 (2007)

Notes

David Miller is a prominent political theorist in the United Kingdom. ... Blackwell Publishing was formed in 2001 from two Oxford-based academic publishing companies, Blackwell Science and Blackwell Publishers and is the worlds leading society publisher, partnering with 665 academic and professional societies. ... Wendy McElroy is a Canadian individualist anarchist and individualist feminist. ... Lew Rockwell Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Blackwell Publishing was formed in 2001 from two Oxford-based academic publishing companies, Blackwell Science and Blackwell Publishers and is the worlds leading society publisher, partnering with 665 academic and professional societies. ... Geoffrey Ostergaard (1926-1990) was a senior lecturer in government at Birmingham University. ... Paul Avrich is a professor and historian. ... Ralph Raico is a professor of history at Buffalo State College (USA), and a specialist of European classical liberalism. ...

Further reading

• Gordon, David. The Essential Rothbard Ludwig von Mises Institute; 1st edition. February 26, 2007. ISBN 1933550104
• Raimondo, Justin. An Enemy of the State: The Life of Murray N. Rothbard. Prometheus Books. July 2000. ISBN 1-57392-809-7
• Left and Right: The Prospects for Liberty Full text by Murray Rothbard. Spring 1965. (Included as Chapter 2 in Egalitarianism above.)

David Gordon is one of the original developers of Neuro-Linguistic Programming, a trainer, author and modeler, who has helped create and shape the field of NLP for almost 30 years. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Prometheus Books is a publishing company founded in August 1969 by Paul Kurtz and publishes scientific, educational, and popular books, especially those of a secular humanist or scientific skepticism nature. ...

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Murray Rothbard

• "Murray N. Rothbard: A Legacy of Liberty" by David Gordon, also includes links to audio recordings of Rothbard and the complete text of several books.
• Murray N. Rothbard Library and Resources
• Murray N. Rothbard Media Archive at Mises.org
• BlackCrayon.com: People: Murray Rothbard
• Chronological Bibliography of Murray Rothbard
• The Complete Archives of The Libertarian Forum, written about twice a month between 1969 and 1984.
• Sociology of the Ayn Rand Cult (pamphlet published by the Center for Libertarian Studies)
• "It Usually Ends With Ed Crane" - Rothbard's story of what happened with Ed Crane, the CATO institute and the Libertarian party
• A 1972 New Banner interview with Murray Rothbard
• A 1990 interview with Murray Rothbard
• Why Hans-Hermann Hoppe considers Rothbard the key Austro-libertarian intellectual
• Murray N. Rothbard, The Origins of the Federal Reserve, The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics vol. 2, no. 3 (Fall 1999): 3 – 51