London Conference, St. James' Palace, February 1939. Palestinian delegates (foreground), Left to right: Fu'ad Saba, Yaqub Al-Ghussein, Musa Alami, Amin Tamimi, Jamal Al-Husseini, Awni Abdul Hadi, George Antonious, and Alfred Roch. Facing the Palestinians are the British, with Sir Neville Chamberlain presiding. To his right is Lord Halifax, and to his left, Malcolm MacDonald

Musa Alami (1897-1984) (Arabic: موسى علمي, transliteration: Müsə ‘Alāmi) was a prominent Palestinian nationalist and politician. Image File history File links LondonConference1939. ... Image File history File links LondonConference1939. ... Yaqub al-Ghussein (second from the left) at the London Conference, St. ... Jamal al-Husayni Jamal al-Husayni , (b. ... Arabic redirects here. ... Due to the fact that the Arabic language has a number of phonemes that have no equivalent in English or other European languages, a number of different transliteration methods have been invented to represent certain Arabic characters, due to various conflicting goals. ... The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ...

Alami was born in the Musrara district of Jerusalem (then Land of Palestine ^[1]) into a prominent family. His father was Mayor of Jerusalem Faidi al-Alami, his sister was married to Jamal al-Hussayni and he was the uncle of Serene Husseini Shahid. For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... This article is about the geographical area known as Palestine. ... This is the list of Mayors of Jerusalem. ... Jamal al-Husayni Jamal al-Husayni , (b. ... Serene Husseini Shahid (Arabic: ‎, French: Sirine Husseini Shahid, b. ...

He was first taught at the school of the American Colony and at the French Ecole des Freres in Jaffa. During World War I Alami worked at the censorship office in Damascus. Alami retained a positive view of the Ottoman empire; recalling that the Arabs regarded the Turks as partners rather than oppressors, and above all: Palestine was largely ruled by Palestinian officials. Alami claimed that "a greater degree of freedom and self-government existed in Palestine than in many Turkish provinces" ^[2] The American Colony was a Christian utopian society that formed in Jerusalem in 1881, as well as the eponymous modern neighbourhood where they lived. ... Jaffa port Jaffa ( Hebrew: יָפוֹ, Yafo Arabic: يَافَا  ; also Japho, Joppa; also, ~1350 B.C.E. Amarna Letters: Yapu; ), is an ancient port city located in south Tel Aviv, Israel on the Mediterranean Sea. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Censor. ... For other uses, see Damascus (disambiguation). ... Ottoman redirects here. ...

Later he studied law at Cambridge University and was admitted to the Inner Temple and graduated with honors degree. For other uses, see Law (disambiguation). ... The University of Cambridge is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world, with one of the most selective sets of entry requirements in the United Kingdom. ... Combined coat of arms of the four Inns of Court. ...

Upon his return to Jerusalem, Musa Alami worked for the legal department of the government of the British Mandate of Palestine and eventually became the private secretary of the High Commissioner General Arthur Grenfell Wauchope. In 1934, Alami participated in talks with the leaders of the Jewish community in Palestine David Ben-Gurion and Moshe Sharett. When Ben-Gurion suggested that the Zionists could provide significant help developing the region, Alami replied that he would prefer waiting one hundred years and leaving the land backward, as long as the Palestinians could do the job themselves.^[3] Flag The approximate borders of the British Mandate circa 1922. ... High Commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment. ... Sir Arthur Grenfell Wauchope (1874-1947) was a British soldier and colonial administrator. ... Yishuv is a Hebrew word meaning settlement. ...   (October 16, 1886 – December 1, 1973; Hebrew: ) was the first Prime Minister of Israel. ... Moshe Sharett (Hebrew: משה שרת); born Moshe Shertok (Hebrew: משה שרתוק), (October 15, 1894 – July 7, 1965) was the second Prime Minister of Israel (1954-1955), serving for a little under two years between David Ben-Gurions two terms. ...

Alami was ousted from his government position as legal adviser by the British authorities and went into exile in Beirut, and later in Baghdad. He played an important role in St. James Conference, negotiations with the British government in London in 1938-1939. He was the major contributor to the White Paper of 1939. This article is about the Lebanese city. ... Baghdad (Arabic: ) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate. ... The White Paper of 1939, also known as the MacDonald White Paper after Malcolm MacDonald, the British Colonial Secretary who presided over it, was a policy paper issued by the British government under Neville Chamberlain in which the idea of partitioning the British Mandate of Palestine was abandoned in favour...

According to Walter Laqueur Alami described the political scene in Jerusalem after the establishment of Israel in 1948: "The new [Palestinian] leaders were a set of young men of some education, all of them in the traumatic condition induced by the consciousness of having suffered a resounding defeat at the hand of an enemy whom they had heartily despised."^[4] Walter Laqueur (born 1921) is an American historian and political commentator. ... David Ben Gurion (First Prime Minister of Israel) publicly pronouncing the Declaration of the State of Israel, May 14, 1948. ...

Concerning the status of the Palestinian refugees in Arab countries, he stated: "It is shameful that the Arab governments should prevent the Arab refugees from working in their countries and shut the doors in their faces and imprison them in camps." ^[5] In the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, a Palestinian refugee is a refugee from Palestine created by the Palestinian Exodus, which Palestinian Arabs call the Nakba (Arabic: , meaning disaster or catastrophe). The United Nations definition of a Palestinian refugee is a person whose normal place of residence was Palestine between June 1946...

After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Alami lost most of his property in Jerusalem and the Galilee and went to live near Jericho ^[6], where he acquired a concession of 5,000 acres (20 km²) of desert from the Jordanian government. In 1952 he founded the Arab Development Society (ADS) ^[7] to help Jericho's refugees ^[8]. After he discovered water he founded a large farm and school for refugee children.^[9] Alami raised funds for building villages for the refugees and founded an agricultural farm whose produce was exported. The farm was destroyed in the course of the Arab riots in Jericho in 1958 against the British,^{[citation needed]} but with help from the World Bank and the Ford Foundation, Alami managed to rebuild it. Combatants  Israel Haganah Irgun Lehi Palmach Foreign Volunteers Egypt, Syria, Transjordan,  Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Holy War Army, Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori, Yigael Yadin John Bagot Glubb, Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Hasan Salama, Fawzi Al-Qawuqji, Ahmed Ali al-Mwawi Strength  Israel: 29,677 initially rising... For other uses, see Galilee (disambiguation). ... The Taking of Jericho, by Jean Fouquet Near central Jericho, November 1996 Jericho (Arabic  , Hebrew  , ʼArīḥā; Standard YÉ™riḥo Tiberian YÉ™rîḫô / YÉ™rîḥô; meaning fragrant.[1] Greek Ἱεριχώ) is a town in Palestine, located within the Jericho Governorate, near the Jordan River. ... The World Bank logo The World Bank (the Bank) is a part of the World Bank Group (WBG), is a bank that makes loans to developing countries for development programs with the stated goal of reducing poverty. ... The Ford Foundation is a charitable foundation based in New York City created to fund programs that promote democracy, reduce poverty, promote international understanding, and advance human achievement. ...

According to Gilmour, who interviewed Alami in February 1979 in Jericho:

Both the farm and the school were highly successful until the Israeli invasion in 1967, when two-thirds of the land was laid waste and twenty-six of the twenty-seven wells destroyed. The Israeli army systematically smashed the irrigation system, the buildings and the well-boring machinery. Most of the land quickly reverted to desert. Perhaps some of the destruction was unavoidable in wartime but what seems utterly callous and outrageous is the way Israeli authorities have behaved since 1967. A chunk of land was predictably wired off for "security reasons" and turned into a military camp. It is now deserted, [.....] the Israelis refused to allow him to buy the necessary equipment either to restore the damaged wells or to drill new ones. So he made some manual repairs to four of the least damaged wells and with these he was able to salvage a fraction of the land and keep the farm and the school functioning. .....[The Israelis] are now telling him that he has too much water -though he has less than a fifth of what he used to have- and have warned him that they will be fixing a limit on his consumption and will be taking away the surplus for their own "projects" (i.e. their expanding settlements near Jericho). .....[Alami] laughs at President Carter´s obsession with human rights because he knows they will never be observed in Palestine. "Liberty and justice are meaningless words for my people and my country. We have never known either." He waves towards his farm, a philanthropist's dream that was once brilliantly successful. "I gain no pleasure from this place now," he says, "I stay here out of duty. I know the Zionists have been wanting to get rid of us for years. They want me to go and have told me so. They want to build a kibbutz here. But I have a duty to keep going, a duty to my people." ^[10] Combatants Israel Egypt Syria Jordan Iraq Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Mordechai Hod, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Zaid ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 264,000 (incl. ... Map of Israeli settlements (magenta) in the West Bank. ... For other persons named Jimmy Carter, see Jimmy Carter (disambiguation). ... A bilingual poster in Romanian and Hungarian promoting a film about Jewish settlement in Palestine, 1930s. ... Kibbutz Dan, near Qiryat Shemona, in the Upper Galilee, 1990s A kibbutz (Hebrew: ; plural: kibbutzim: קיבוצים; gathering or together) is an Israeli collective intentional community. ...

Musa Alami died in 1984, and his funeral took place in the Al-Aqsa Mosque. The Israel Defence Force checkpoint/crossing on the eastern exit of Jericho (through which Palestinians traveling to Jordan via the Allenby Bridge pass through) is named Musa Alami (after the adjacent farm). The site is still commonly known as "the Musa Alami farm". For other uses, see Al-aqsa (disambiguation). ... The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Hebrew: צבא ההגנה לישראל Tsva Ha-Haganah Le-Yisrael ([Army] Force [for] the Defense of Israel), often abbreviated צהל Tsahal, alternative English spelling Tzahal, is the name of Israels armed forces... An Israel Defense Forces checkpoint, usually called an Israeli checkpoint (Hebrew: מחסום, machsom), is a barrier put forth by the Israel Defense Forces to enhance the security of Israel and prevent those who wish to harm it from entering the country. ... The Allenby Bridge is a bridge that crosses the Jordan River, and connects Jericho in the West Bank to the country of Jordan. ...

Quotations

^[11]

Norman Vincent Peale Dr. Norman Vincent Peale (May 31, 1898 – December 24, 1993) was a Protestant preacher and author (most notably of The Power of Positive Thinking) and a progenitor of the theory of positive thinking. // Peale was born in Bowersville, Ohio and died in Pawling, New York. ...

References

This article is about the geographical area known as Palestine. ... Walter Laqueur (born 1921) is an American historian and political commentator. ... Walter Laqueur (born 1921) is an American historian and political commentator. ...

Further reading

• Alami, Musa. The Lesson of Palestine, Middle East Journal, Vol. 3, No. 4, October 1949, pp. 373-405.
• Gendzier, Irene L. (Ed.) A Middle East Reader Pegasus, 1969 (including: Musa Alami on Palestine)
• Furlonge, Geoffrey W., Palestine is My Country: The Story of Musa Alami (NYC, Praeger Publishers, 1969)
• Alami, Musa (Preface): The Future of Palestine, (Hermon Books, Beirut, 1970)
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