To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article discusses the culture of the United States; for customs and way of life, see Culture of the United States. ... Americas unmistakable contribution to architecture has been the skyscraper, whose bold, thrusting lines have made it the symbol of capitalist energy. ... The cuisine of the United States is characterized by the broad diversity of foods, driven by the tendency of the country as a whole to integrate widely divergent ingredients and styles of cooking. ... Closely related to the development of American music in the early 20th century was the emergence of a new, and distinctively American, art form -- modern dance. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The poetry of the United States began as a literary art during the colonial era. ... American Sculpture came of age in the 1960s with David Smith providing large formats metal sculptures. ... Theater of the United States is based in the Western tradition, mostly borrowed from the performance styles prevalent in Europe. ... Americas first well-known school of painting—the Hudson River School—appeared in 1820. ... The United States is a large and diverse country, with a long history of producing many styles of folk, popular and classical music. ... Categories: Timelines of music | Periods of American music ... The influence of the music of African-Americans has most set the United States apart from that of Western Europe. ... There are hundreds of tribes of Native Americans (called the First Nations in Canada), each with diverse musical practices, spread across the United States and Canada (excluding Hawaiian music). ... From independence to the start of the Civil, American music underwent many changes. ... The Thirteen Colonies of the original United States were all former English possessions, and Anglo culture became a major foundation for American folk and popular music. ... Old-time music (or old-timey music) is a form of North American folk music, with roots in the folk music of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Africa. ... Poster from the Western Music, directly related to the old English, Scottish, and Irish folk ballads, was originally composed by and about the people settling and working in the American West and western Canada. ... The music history of the United States during the Civil War was an important period in the development of American music. ... African American music (also called black music, formerly known as race music) is an umbrella term given to a range of musical genres emerging from or influenced by the culture of African Americans, who have long constituted a large ethnic minority of the population of the United States. ... The latter part of the 19th century saw the increased popularization of African American music and the growth and maturity of folk styles like the blues. ... Irish and Scottish music have long been a major part of American music, at least as far back as the 19th century. ... Latin music has long influenced American popular music, jazz, rhythm and blues,rock and even country music. ... Tejano (Spanish for Texan) or Tex-Mex music is the various forms of folk and popular music originating among the Mexican-descended Tejanos of Central and South Texas. ... Many musical styles flourished and combined in the 1940s and 1950s, most likely because of the influence of radio had in creating a mass market for music. ... The music of Louisiana, like other cultural aspects of the state, can be divided in to three general regions. ... The 1960s was a tumultuous period for the United States, with the Cold War, Vietnam War and Civil Rights causing massive public unrest. ... Hawaiian music refers to the musical style native to the Hawaiian Islands of the United States. ... The 1980s saw New Wave entering the year as the single biggest mainstream market, with heavy metal, punk rock and hardcore punk, and hip hop achieving increased crossover success. ... The vast majority of the inhabitants of the United States are immigrants or descendents of immigrants. ... Roots music Download sample of Leadbellys Where Did You Sleep Last Night Download sample of Robert Johnsons Crossroads Blues Download recording - “Pues vuestros santos favores” a cappella alabado hymn sung at vigils in honor of St. ... American classical music refers to music written in the United States but in the European classical music tradition. ... American roots music is a broad category of music including country music, bluegrass, gospel, ragtime, jug bands, Appalachian folk, blues, Tejano and Cajun and Native American music. ... The United States has produced many of the most popular musicians and composers in the modern world. ... Hip hop is a cultural movement encompassing four forms of expression: graffiti art, breakdancing, DJing and rapping. ... American Pop is an 1981 American animated film directed by Ralph Bakshi. ... // 1950s Covers: Early 50s Through the late 1940s and early 1950s, rhythm and blues music had been gaining a stronger beat and a wilder style, with artists such as Fats Domino and Johnny Otis speeding up the tempos and increasing the backbeat to great popularity on the juke-joint circuit. ... The Grammy Awards (originally the Gramophone Awards), presented by the Recording Academy (an association of Americans professionally involved in the recorded music industry) for outstanding achievements in the recording industry, is one of four major music awards shows held annually in the United States (the Billboard Music Awards, the American... The official history of the Country Music Association (below) is far from accurate. ... Billboard is a weekly American magazine devoted to the music industry. ... A music festival is a festival that presents a number of musical performances usually tied together through a theme or genre. ... The New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival, often known as Jazz Fest, is an annual celebration of the music and culture of New Orleans and Louisiana. ... Win Butler of the Arcade Fire at Lollapalooza 2005 Official logo Lollapalooza is an American traveling music festival featuring alternative rock, rap, and punk rock bands, dance and comedy performances, and craft booths. ... Ozzfest is an annual tour of the United States featuring performances by many heavy metal groups. ... The Monterey Jazz Festival is a yearly festival of jazz music that takes place at the Monterey Fairgrounds in Monterey, California the third full weekend in September. ... Spin is a music magazine. ... The Rolling Stone logo Rolling Stone is an American magazine devoted to music and popular culture. ... Janet Jackson on the cover of Vibe in 1998. ... The downbeat is the first beat of a measure in music. ... The Source Magazine The Source is a U.S., monthly full-color magazine covering hip-hop music, politics, and culture. ... .mtv may also refer to a basic video format used on MP4 players coming out of China MTV (Music Television) is a cable television network which was originally devoted to music videos, especially popular rock music. ... VH1 (which originally stood for Video Hits 1) is an American cable television channel that was created in January 1985 by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment (then a division of Warner Communications and then-current owners of MTV, which originally came up with the idea of the channel). ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is formally recognized by a countrys government as their states official national song. ... Nicholson took the copy Key gave him to a printer, where it was published as a broadside on September 17 under the title The Defence of Fort McHenry, with an explanatory note explaining the circumstances of its writing. ... Each state in the United States (except New Jersey) has a state song, selected by the state legislature as a symbol of the state. ... Alaska is a state of the United States. ... Alabama has played a central role in the development of both blues and country music. ... Arkansas is a Southern state of the United States. ... The Samoas are a Polynesian island chain, currently divided between the independent state of Samoa (formerly Western Samoa) and an American territory called American Samoa. ... Arizonas musical history has been heavily influenced by Mexican immigrants. ... In the United States, California is commonly associated with the film, music, and arts industries; there are numerous world-famous Californian musicians. ... Colorado is a state of the United States. ... Connecticut is a state of the United States, in the New England region. ... The music of Washington D.C. is known for two primary scenes, hardcore and associated derivatives and a hip hop-dance music hybrid called go go. ... Delaware is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. ... Floridas ethnic diversity has led to a myriad of musical styles from punk rock to salsa and heavy metal being popular in various parts of the state. ... The Sacred Harp, first published in 1844, was compiled and produced by Georgians Benjamin Franklin White and Elisha J. King. ... Guam is an unincorporated territory of the United States. ... Hawaiian music refers to the musical style native to the Hawaiian Islands of the United States. ... Music of Iowa Notable musicians from Iowa include Bix Beiderbecke and Greg Brown. ... Idaho has produced a number of musicians, including pop star Paul Revere and Doug Martsch of Built to Spill. ... Illinois, which includes Chicago, the third-largest city in the United States, has a wide musical heritage. ... The music of Indiana was strongly influenced by a large number of German and Irish immigrants who arrived in the 1830s. ... For many decades, Kansas has had a vibrant country and bluegrass scene. ... Music of Kentucky is heavily centered around Appalachian folk music; that genre of music—and its associated descendents, especially bluegrass music in the 1940s—has largely developed in Eastern Kentucky. ... The music of Louisiana, like other cultural aspects of the state, can be divided in to three general regions. ... Massachusetts is a U.S. state in New England. ... Famous musicians from Maryland include Francis Scott Key, who wrote The Star-Spangled Banner and pop punksters Good Charlotte, from Waldorf. ... Maine is a state of the United States, located in New England. ... In Michigan, the city of Detroit has remained the capital of musical innovation for many years. ... Minnesota, and its largest city Minneapolis, are known for the multi-platinum soul singer Prince, as well as cult favorites The Replacements and Hüsker Dü and a large, vibrant polka community, fueled by immigration. ... St. ... The Northern Mariana Islands are an island chain dependency of the United States. ... Mississippi is best-known as the home of the blues, which developed among the freed African Americans in the latter half of the 19th century. ... Montana is a state of the United States. ... Most influentially, North Carolina country musicians like the North Carolina Ramblers helped solidify the sound of country in the late 1920s. ... The Music of North Dakota has followed general American trends over much of its history, beginning with ragtime and folk music, moving into Big Band and Jazz. ... Among the most famous Nebraskan artists are Little Joe & the Ramrods, a rock band, and Dickey Lee, a Nashville songwriter. ... New Hampshire is a state of the United States, located in the New England region. ... New Mexico is a state of the Southwest United States. ... For most outsiders, Nevadan music is probably most closely associated with lounge singers like Wayne Newton playing in Las Vegas. ... The biggest superstar from New Jersey is probably Bruce Springsteen, who became a 1980s icon with complex lyrical stories about teens growing up in Freehold and other economically depressed areas of New Jersey. ... In the United States, New York City has long been a musical hub and, in some ways, the musical capital of the country. ... The most famous musicians from Ohio are probably Marilyn Manson, Dean Martin and Chrissie Hynde of The Pretenders; the 19th century composer Daniel Emmett, born in Ohio to a Virginian family, wrote many of the most popular songs in his era, including some that remain well-known. ... Music of Oklahoma is of necessity, brief. ... Oregons music scene is most active in Portland and the college town of Eugene. ... The most famous musical innovaters to come out of Pennsylvania are perhaps the Philly sound in 1970s soul music, Gamble & Huff, The OJays, Teddy Pendergrass, Harold Melvin and The Delphonics, as well as jazz legends like Nina Simone and John Coltrane. ... The music of Puerto Rico has been influenced by African and European (especially Spanish) forms, and has become popular across the Caribbean and in some communities worldwide. ... Rhode Island is a state of the United States, located in the New England region. ... South Carolina is one of the Southern United States, and has produced a number of renowned performers of country, bluegrass and other styles. ... The United States state of South Dakota has an official state song, Hail! South Dakota, written by DeeCort Hammitt. ... Tennessees most famous contribution to American culture is surely the status of Nashville as the long-time capital of country music. ... Texas has long been a center for musical innovation. ... Utah music has long been dominated culturally by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (the Mormons), although other groups have also played an important role. ... Virginias musical contribution to American culture has been diverse, and includes Piedmont blues musicians and later rock and roll bands, many centered around college towns like Blacksburg, Charlottesville (home of Dave Matthews Band) and Richmond. ... The Virgin Islands are partially controlled by the United Kingdom and the United States, and have had long-standing cultural ties to the island nations to the south as well as to various European colonialists. ... Vermont is a state in the United States. ... The U.S. state of Washington includes several major hotbeds of musical innovation. ... Perhaps the most influential musical output of Wisconsin came from Port Washington, Ozaukee County during the 1920s, when Paramount Records released a series of blues and jazz recordings. ... West Virginias folk heritage is a part of the Appalachian folk music tradition, and includes styles of fiddling and other techniques reminiscent of Scotch-Irish music. ... The first music of Wyoming was played by various Native Americans tribes in the present-day U.S. state of Wyoming. ...

Native Americans

Main article: Native American music There are hundreds of tribes of Native Americans (called the First Nations in Canada), each with diverse musical practices, spread across the United States and Canada (excluding Hawaiian music). ...

Modern Native American pow-wows arose around the turn of the 20th century. While some claim that powwow had been an integral part of indigenous cultures for centuries, some modern analysts believe that powwows were invented to appeal to tourists and had only a tangential relationship to genuine Native American traditions, which generally revolved around ceremonial dance music like the Ghost Dance, Zuni Shalako, Navajo Yeibichai and the Sun Dance of the Plains. The Native American Church, founded early in the 20th century, was a center of development for Native American gospel and Peyote Songs, a fusion of gospel and traditional music revolving around ceremonies in which hallucinogenic peyote is taken as a sacrament. In Arizona and Mexico, waila, or chicken scratch, music, had arisen as a fusion of native Tohono O'odham music with German polka and Mexican-American norteño. Assiniboin Boy, an Atsina Native Americans in the United States (also Indians, American Indians, First Americans, Indigenous Peoples, Aboriginal Peoples, Aboriginal Americans, Amerindians, Amerinds, or Original Americans) are those indigenous peoples within the territory that is now encompassed by the continental United States, and their descendants in modern times. ... This article is about a Native American gathering. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... The Ghost Dance by the Ogalala Lakota at Pine Ridge The Ghost Dance, also known as the Ghost Dance of 1890, as noted in historical accounts, is a millennialist spiritual movement among Native Americans that began toward the end of 1888 and reached its peak just before the Wounded Knee... Zuñi girl with jar, 1903 Zuñi The Zuñi or Ashiwi are a Native American tribe, one of the Pueblo peoples, most of whom live in the Pueblo of Zuñi on the Zuni River, a tributary of the Little Colorado River, in western New Mexico. ... Navajo blanket Navajo Nation (Navajo: Naabeehó Dineé) is the name of a sovereign Native American nation established by the Diné. The Navajo Indian Reservation covers about 27,000 square miles (70,000 square kilometres) of land, occupying all of northeastern Arizona, and extending into Utah and New Mexico, and is... Native American Church, also called Peyotism or Peyote religion, originated in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and is the most widespread indigenous religion among Native Americans. ... Peyote songs are a form of Native American music, performed as part of the Native American Church. ... This entry pertains to the word psychedelic, its origin and uses. ... Binomial name Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ... A sacrament is a Christian rite that mediates divine grace. ... State nickname: The Grand Canyon State, The Copper State Official languages English Capital Phoenix Largest city Phoenix Governor Janet Napolitano (D) Senators John McCain (R) Jon Kyl (R) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 6th 295,254 km² 0. ... Chicken scratch (waila music) is a kind of dance music developed by the Tohono Oodham people. ... Traditional basketmaking, 1916 The Tohono Oodham poo poo are a Native American tribe formerly known as the Papago who reside primarily in the Sonoran Desert of the southwest United States and northwest Mexico. ... Polka is a type of dance and genre of dance music; it originated in the middle of the 19th century in Bohemia, and is still a common genre of Czech folk music; it is also common both in Europe and in the Americas. ... Norteño (literally meaning northern in Spanish, and also known as conjunto) is a traditional style of Mexican music that originated in rural northern Mexico in the early 20th century, a form of music based largely on corridos and polka. ...

Early popular music

In the beginning of the 20th century, Tin Pan Alley popular song dominated the nation's music. Songwriters like Harry Von Tilzer, George M. Cohan, and Irving Berlin produced many catchy melodies early in the new century. Trailing behind were four other significant genres. African American jazz and blues performers diversified their sound and managed to achieve some success among white Americans. Folk and country music dominated the sound of rural white performers, and both managed to achieve some mainstream success. Tin Pan Alley was the name given to the collection of New York City-centered music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States of America in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. ... Harry Von Tilzer (July 8, 1872 - January 10, 1946) was a very popular United States songwriter. ... George M. Cohan George Michael Cohan (July 1878 – November 5, 1942) was a United States entertainer, playwright, composer, lyricist, actor, singer, dancer, director, and producer of Irish descent. ... Irving Berlin (May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989), born Israel Isidore Baline, in Tyumen, Russia (or possibly Mogilev, Belarus), was an American composer and lyricist, one of the most prodigious and famous American songwriters in history. ... Jazz master Louis Armstrong remains one of the most loved and best known of all jazz musicians. ... The blues is a vocal and instrumental form of music based on a pentatonic scale and a characteristic twelve-bar chord progression. ... Folk music, in the original sense of the term, is music by and of the people. ... Country music, also called country and western music or country-western, is an amalgam of popular musical forms developed in the Southern United States, with roots in traditional folk music, Celtic Music, Blues, Gospel music, and Old-time music. ...

With the 20th century, the rise of the popular home phonograph began to give competition to the long dominant Tin Pan Alley sheet music publishers, and slowly became a significant force in American music by the 1910s. In the 1920s radio broadcasts of music came on the scene, and together with the recording industry supplanted the sheet music publishers as American music's driving force in the 1930s. In a parallel development, individual performers became more associated with hit songs in the public's mind than the songwriters. Edison cylinder phonograph from about 1899 The phonograph, or gramophone, was the most common device for playing recorded sound from the 1870s through the 1980s. ... // Events and trends The 1910s represent the culmination of European militarism which had its beginings during the second half of the 19th Century. ... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ...

Early foreign influences

In addition to jazz, blues, folk and country, music from the Caribbean region also briefly became popular during the first half of the twentieth century. Trinidadian calypso, Argentinian tango and Dominican merengue and other styles influenced American popular music. Hawaiian music (especially slack-key guitar) enjoyed an early vogue in the 1910s, influencing the developing genre of country music (this is the source of the steel guitar sound that is characteristic of modern country). ... Trinidad (Spanish, Trinity) is the largest of the 23 islands which make up the country of Trinidad and Tobago. ... Calypso is a style of Afro-Caribbean music which originated in the British and French colonial islands of the Caribbean at about the start of the 20th century. ... Motto: En Unión y Libertad (English: In Union and Liberty) Anthem: Himno Nacional Argentino Capital Buenos Aires Largest city Buenos Aires Official language(s) Spanish Government President Democratic Republic Néstor Kirchner Independence - May Revolution - Declared - Recognised from Spain 25 May 1810 9 July 1816 in 1821 (by Portugal... Tango music is traditionally played by an orquesta típica, which often includes violin, piano, guitar, flute, and especially bandoneon. ... Merengue is a type of lively, joyful music and dance that comes from the Dominican Republic. ... State nickname: The Aloha State Official languages Hawaiian and English Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Governor Linda Lingle (R) Senators Daniel Inouye (D) Daniel Akaka (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 43rd 28,337 km² 41. ... Slack-key guitar or Ki ho‘alu is a style of music originating in Hawaii using an acoustic guitar fingerpicking style. ... // Events and trends The 1910s represent the culmination of European militarism which had its beginings during the second half of the 19th Century. ... A Dobro style resonator guitar Steel guitar, strictly speaking, refers to a method of playing using a metal slide (or steel) on a guitar played horizontally, with the strings uppermost. ...

Eastern European Jews contributed klezmer music to American culture, with the earliest stars including Harry Kandel, Naftule Brandwein, Dave Tarras and Abe Schwartz. Kandel, a prominent clarinetist, set the stage for American klezmer. Klezmer (Yiddish כלזמיר, etymologically from Hebrew kli zemer כלי זמר, vessel of song) is a musical tradition which parallels Hasidic and Ashkenazic Judaism. ... Harry Kandel was a Jewish and American clarinetist and bandleader, one of the pioneers of modern klezmer music. ... Naftule Brandwein (1889-1963) was a Jewish clarinettist and one of the most influential figures in the history of klezmer music. ... Steve Lombardi (born April 18, 1961 in Brooklyn, New York, New York) is an American professional wrestler and road agent, better known as The Brooklyn Brawler. ... A bass clarinet, which sounds an octave lower than the more common Bb soprano clarinet. ...

Since the late 1800s, conjunto music had reigned in south Texas' Mexican-American communities. It was first recorded in the late 1920s, with artists like Narciso Martínez, Don Santiago Jiménez and Bruno Villareal leading the way.

Blues and gospel

The blues began in rural communities, primarily in the south. During the 1920s, classic female blues singers like Mamie Smith ("Crazy Blues") dominated the genre's sound. For most white Americans, these female singers were their first exposure to black music, or "race music" as it was then known. In the 1930s, local blues styles developed in Memphis, New Orleans, the mid-Atlantic coast, Texas, Kansas City and, most importantly, Chicago. A style of piano-playing based on the blues, boogie woogie was briefly popular among mainstream audiences and blues listeners. Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... The Classic female blues spanned from 1920 to 1929 with its peak from 1923 to 1925. ... Mamie Smith on the sleeve of volume 1 of the Complete Recorded Works reissue collection Mamie Smith (May 26, 1883 - September 16, 1946) was a vaudeville singer, dancer, pianist and actress, and appeared in several motion pictures late in her career. ... // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... The Memphis Blues is the title of a tune and song published by W.C. Handy in 1912. ... The blues have been an important part of New Orleans, USA music since the earliest years of the 20th century. ... The Piedmont blues is a type of blues music characterized by a unique fingerpicking method on the guitar in which a regular, alternating-thumb bass pattern supports a melody using treble strings. ... Texas blues is a subgenre of the blues. ... The Chicago blues is a form of blues music that developed in Chicago by adding electricity, drums, piano, bass guitar and sometimes saxophone to the basic string/harmonica Delta blues. ... Steinway Model D A piano is a keyboard instrument, widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment, and also as a convenient aid to composing and rehearsal. ... Boogie woogie has two different meanings: a piano based music style, boogie woogie (music) a dance that imitates the rocknroll of the 50s, boogie woogie (dance) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

At the heights of the Great Depression, gospel music started to become popular by people like Thomas A. Dorsey and Mahalia Jackson, who adapted Christian hymns to blues and jazz structures. By 1925, three main styles of gospel had become popular among mainstream audiences. Itinerant jackleg preachers like Blind Willie Johnson and Washington Phillips released recordings that are now collector's items but were then only marginally popular. Jubilee quartets like the Norfolk Jubilee Quartet and the Golden Gate Quartet were popular and sophisticated, but the most successful form of gospel was singing preachers like Reverend J. M. Gates, who passionately sung about the terrible consequences of disobeying God's laws. The Great Depression was a massive global economic recession (or depression) that ran from 1929 to approximately 1939. ... Gospel music may refer either to the religious music that first came out of African-American churches in the 1930s or, more loosely, to both black gospel music and to the religious music composed and sung by white southern Christian artists. ... Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 - January 23, 1993) is known as the Father of Gospel Music, and is best known today for his composition Take My Hand, Precious Lord. As formulated by Dorsey, gospel music combines Christian praise with the rhythms of jazz and the blues. ... Mahalia Jackson Mahalia Jackson (October 26, 1911–January 13, 1972) was an African American gospel singer, widely regarded as one of the best in the history of the genre. ... A hymn is a song specifically written as a song of praise, adoration or prayer, typically addressed to a god. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Blind Willie Johnson Blind Willie Johnson (c. ... Washington Phillips (born 1880 in Texas) was a pioneering gospel performer in the 1920s. ... Jubilee quartets were popular African-American religious musical groups in the first half of the twentieth century. ... The Golden Gate Quartet is the most successful of all of the African-American gospel music groups who sang in the jubilee quartet style. ...

Jazz

Billie Holiday

Jazz was more urban than the blues. Relying more on instrumentation, the sound was well-suited for listeners unfamiliar with the genre's conventions. It drew primarily on New Orleans blues, but also incorporated influences from Jewish-American musicians and composers like Benny Goodman and George Gershwin. In the 1920s, jazz bars became popular among white Americans, particularly young ones. Like with ragtime before, and most major genres since, jazz was blamed for the moral degeneracy of the youth that visited these bars and listened to the music. In spite of the controversy, jazz emerged as the dominant sound of the country in the late 1920s in popularized forms that some called watered down, like swing music and big band. Though these, like jazz proper, were blamed for crime and delinquency, they had become mainstream by the 1930s. In the 1940s, pure jazz began to become more popular, along with the blues, with artists like Ella Fitzgerald ("A-Tisket, A-Tasket") and Billie Holiday ("Strange Fruit") becoming nationally successful. Image File history File links Billie_Holiday_1949. ... Image File history File links Billie_Holiday_1949. ... Jazz master Louis Armstrong remains one of the most loved and best known of all jazz musicians. ... Benny Goodman, born Benjamin David Goodman, (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was a famous Jazz musician, known as King of Swing, Patriarch of the Clarinet, and Swings Senior Statesman. // Childhood and early years Goodman was born in Chicago, the son of poor Jewish immigrants who lived on... George Gershwin photograph by Edward Steichen in 1927. ... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... Musically, swing can be either: (written with small s), refers to swung notes, the rhythmic feeling evoked by swinging music, esp. ... A big band is a large musical ensemble that plays jazz music. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, 1917 – June 15, 1996), also known as Lady Ella (the First Lady of Song), was one of the most important jazz singers of the 20th Century, the winner of thirteen Grammy Awards, the National Medal of Art presented by President Reagan and the Presidential Medal... Billie Holiday For the Canadian broadcaster, see Billie Holiday (broadcaster). ... Postcard depicting the lynching of Lige Daniels, Center, Texas, USA, August 3, 1920. ...

New Orleans jazz was and remains the most influential form of roots jazz. The major underpinnings of the style were in place by 1900 or a bit before, whenNew Orleans, Louisiana produced legendary musicians like Buddy Bolden, Jelly Roll Morton and Kid Ory. The most unique characteristic of New Orleans jazz is the influence of the marching brass bands. The first recordings of the genre were by the Original Dixieland Jass Band from 1917. The 1920s saw trumpet and cornet leaders like Louis Armstrong and Joe "King" Oliver, playing with the trumpet proclaiming the melody and harmonies and countermelodies coming from the clarinet or trombone. The rhythm section typically included a tuba or bass, piano, banjo or drums. During this period, ensembles were standard, in contrast to many of the later developments in jazz. By the 1930s, however, newer forms of pop-jazz like swing music and Dixieland had overtaken authentic New Orleans-style jazz among mainstream audiences. Dixieland music is a style of jazz. ... New Orleans (local pronunciations: , , or ) (French: La Nouvelle-Orléans, pronounced in standard French accent) is a major U.S. port city and historically the largest city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. ... Buddy Bolden Charles Buddy Bolden (September 6, 1877 - November 4, 1931) was a trumpeter and the first New Orleans jazz musician ever to come to prominence. ... Jelly Roll Morton (1890-1941) is third from left Ferdinand Jelly Roll Morton (October 20, 1890 - July 10, 1941) was a virtuoso pianist, a bandleader, and a composer who some call the first true composer of Jazz music. ... Edward Kid Ory (December 25, 1886 - January 23, 1973) was a Jazz trombonist and bandleader. ... The Lochgelly Band, a Scottish colliery band, circa 1890 A brass band is a musical group consisting mostly of brass instruments, often with a percussion section. ... Shown are (left to right) Tony Sbarbaro (aka Tony Spargo) on drums; Edwin Daddy Edwards on trombone; D. James Nick LaRocca on cornet; Larry Shields on clarinet, and Henry Ragas on piano. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... The trumpet is the highest brass instrument in register, above the horn, trombone, euphonium, and tuba. ... Bb cornet The cornet is a brass instrument that closely resembles the trumpet. ... Louis Daniel Armstrong (pronounced Luee {French pronounciation}with the S at the end silent) (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971) (also known by the nicknames Satchmo and Pops) was an American jazz musician. ... Joe King Oliver Joe King Oliver, (December 19, 1885 – April 8, 1938) was a bandleader and jazz musician. ... The tuba is the largest of the low-brass instruments and is one of the most recent additions to the modern symphony orchestra, first appearing in the mid-19th century, when it largely replaced the ophicleide. ... A Fender Jazz Bass Bass guitar (also called electric bass guitar, electric bass, or simply bass) refers to an electric bass or an electric/acoustic string instrument with a similar appearance to the guitar, but with a larger body, commonly four strings, longer scale neck and tuned an octave lower... Steinway Model D A piano is a keyboard instrument, widely used in western music for solo performance, chamber music, and accompaniment, and also as a convenient aid to composing and rehearsal. ... Old 6-string zither banjo 4-string banjos The banjo is a stringed instrument of African-American origin, early or original examples sometimes being called the gourd banjo. Its name is commonly thought to be derived from the Kimbundu term mbanza. ... For other kinds of drums, see drum (disambiguation). ... Musically, swing can be either: (written with small s), refers to swung notes, the rhythmic feeling evoked by swinging music, esp. ...

Dixieland jazz is a form of jazz which arose in the 1920s in Chicago. Musicians there were trying to revive authentic, classic New Orleans jazz. By the 1940s, Dixieland revival musicians like Jimmy McPartland, Eddie Condon and Bud Freeman had become well-known and established their own unique style. Most characteristically, players entered solors against riffing by other horns, and were followed by a closing with the drummer playing a four-bar tag that was then answered by the rest of the band. Dixieland or Dixie is a name for the south-eastern portion of the USA; see: U.S. Southern States, Dixie. ... Jazz master Louis Armstrong remains one of the most loved and best known of all jazz musicians. ... Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ... Dixieland music is a style of jazz. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Albert Edwin Condon, better known as Eddie Condon, (16 November 1904–4 August 1973) was a jazz banjoist, guitarist, and bandleader. ... Lawrence Bud Freeman (April 13, 1906 - March 15, 1991) was a Chicago born Jazz musician, known mainly for playing the tenor saxophone, but also able at the clarinet. ...

In 1917, the Original Dixieland Jass Band released "Livery Stable Blues", which is often said to be the first jazz recording. The genre had certainly existed before 1917, however, but recording opportunities were bleak. Buddy Bolden, a legendary cornetist from New Orleans, never recorded his influential take on jazz. The early 1920s saw recordings from Kid Ory, King Oliver, Sidney Bechet, Jelly Roll Morton and Bessie Smith. King Oliver included a young cornetist named Louis Armstrong on his records as the second cornet. Armstrong soon moved to Chicago, worked with Fletcher Henderson, Bessie Smith and Clarence Williams and eventually began working as a bandleader in 1925, his work setting the stage for the development of swing and the jazz variations to come after. Jazz had just reached its first peak of mainstream popularity in 1924, with the recordings of Paul Whiteman. 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... Buddy Bolden Charles Buddy Bolden (September 6, 1877 - November 4, 1931) was a trumpeter and the first New Orleans jazz musician ever to come to prominence. ... Edward Kid Ory (December 25, 1886 - January 23, 1973) was a Jazz trombonist and bandleader. ... Joe King Oliver Joe King Oliver, (December 19, 1885 – April 8, 1938) was a bandleader and jazz musician. ... Sidney Bechet Sidney Bechet (May 14, 1897 – May 14, 1959) was a Jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, and composer. ... Jelly Roll Morton (1890-1941) is third from left Ferdinand Jelly Roll Morton (October 20, 1890 - July 10, 1941) was a virtuoso pianist, a bandleader, and a composer who some call the first true composer of Jazz music. ... Bessie Smith photographed by Carl Van Vechten Bessie Smith (April 15, 1894 – September 26, 1937) Born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States is largely regarded as the most popular and successful blues singer of 1920s and 1930s, and an enormous influence on the singers who followed her. ... Louis Daniel Armstrong (pronounced Luee {French pronounciation}with the S at the end silent) (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971) (also known by the nicknames Satchmo and Pops) was an American jazz musician. ... Fletcher Hamilton Henderson, Jr. ... Clarence Williams ( November 8, 1893 - November 6, 1965) was a Jazz pianist, composer, promoter, vocalist, and publisher. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Paul Whiteman (March 28, 1890 - December 29, 1967) was a popular United States orchestral leader. ...

Alongside the Great Depression, many musicians from poor, rural Southern states like Louisiana moved to the north, especially New York City and Chicago, Louis Armstrong was among them, and he helped make Chicago the center for musical innovation in the country before moving on to New York, where clubs like Cotton Club, Village Vanguard and Minton's were flourishing. The Great Depression was a massive global economic recession (or depression) that ran from 1929 to approximately 1939. ... The construction of the Empire State Building, 1930. ... Chicago (officially named the City of Chicago) is the third largest city in the United States (after New York City and Los Angeles), with an official population of 2,896,016, as of the 2000 census. ... The Cotton Club was a famous nightclub in New York City that operated during and after Prohibition. ... The Village Vanguard is a famous jazz club in New York City that has been around since 1935, and has featured all the big names in jazz. ...

The mid-1930s were the peak of big band swing, with artists like Charlie Barnet, Chick Webb and Benny Goodman rising to the ranks of esteemed-bandleaders. Soloists appeared during this period, inspiring hysterical reactions among fans. // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... A big band is a large musical ensemble that plays jazz music. ... Charles Daly Barnet (October 26, 1913 – September 4, American jazz saxophonist and bandleader. ... William Henry Webb, usually known as Chick Webb (10 February 1909 - 16 June 1939) was a jazz and swing music drummer and band leader. ... Benny Goodman, born Benjamin David Goodman, (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was a famous Jazz musician, known as King of Swing, Patriarch of the Clarinet, and Swings Senior Statesman. // Childhood and early years Goodman was born in Chicago, the son of poor Jewish immigrants who lived on...

Swing

Swing was a pop-oriented form of jazz, the origins of which can be found as far back as 1923, when Fletcher Henderson began enlarging jazz bands. Whole new sections were added, and Henderson created music of greater range and texture. The same period saw Duke Ellington similarly expanding his relatively small jazz bands, and both groups had laid down recordings as early as 1931. Jead Goldkette and Ben Pollack were also early influential swing musicians, and were followed by yet more dance-oriented swing bands led by Jimmie Lunceford, Earl Hines, Don Redman, Count Basie, Glen Gray, Dorsey Brothers, Bob Crosby, Luis Russell, Andy Kirk, Glenn Miller, Benny Carter and Earl Hines. 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Duke Ellington Edward Kennedy Duke Ellington (April 29, 1899 - May 24, 1974) was an American jazz composer, pianist and bandleader. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Ben Pollack (June 22, 1903 - June 7, 1971) was a drummer and bandleader from the mid 1920s through the swing era. ... James Melvin Jimmie Lunceford (June 6, 1902–July 12, 1947) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and bandleader of the swing era. ... Earl Hines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Donald Matthew Redman (July 29, 1900 - November 30, 1964) was a jazz musician, arranger, and composer. ... William Count Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was a jazz pianist, organist, and bandleader. ... Glen Gray was a saxophonist. ... The Dorsey Brothers consisted of the dynamic duo Big Band musicians Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey who found fame in the 1940s playing with great Big Band favorites Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman among others. ... Bob Crosby (August 23, 1913 - March 9, 1993) was an American bandleader and singer. ... Luis Russell (6 August 1902 - 11 December 1963) was a jazz pianist and bandleader . ... Andy Kirk (May 28, 1898 - 1992) was a jazz bass saxophonist. ... Major Glen Miller Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – December 15, 1944) was an American jazz musician and band leader in the Swing era. ... Bennett Lester Carter (August 8, 1907 – July 12, 2003) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, trumpeter, composer, arranger, and bandleader. ... Earl Hines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

Cajun and Creole music

Modern Cajun music began developing in the 1920s, drawing on traditional fiddlers and more modern accordionists. Joseph and Cleoma Falcon made the first recording, "Allons à Lafayette", in 1928. The song was a regional hit that paved the way for Cleoma's brother, Amédée Breaux's "Jolie Blonde", now often considered the Cajun national anthem. Amédé Ardoin, a black man, soon became the most popular Cajun star, however. Louisiana's Creole population, made up of mixed African, French and Anglo heritage, had developed a form of dance music known as la la. Canray Fontenot was perhaps the most influental la la performer. Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is formally recognized by a countrys government as their states official national song. ... Amédé Ardoin (march 11, 1898 to 1941? or 1950?) was a black creole Louisiana musician, known for his high singing voice and virtuosity on the 10-button (diatonic or Cajun) accordion. ... La La may refer to: La, a common solfege used when humming (eg, la la la. ...

In the 1930s, oil was discovered in Louisiana and Anglos came to the state en masse. Cajun culture was denigrated and restricted, and hillbilly music and western swing became major influences on Cajun music. Luderin Darbone's The Hackleberry Ramblers and Harry Choates were the vanguard of this new wave of Cajun music, which incorporated English lyrics and a smooth style. By the 1940s, though a revival of traditional Cajun music had begun, led by Iry LeJeune, whose 1948 "La valse du pont d'amour" is considered a watershed in the field. // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... Oil is a generic term for organic liquids that are not miscible with water. ... Old-time music, a traditional style of American music, has roots in Irish, Scottish and African folk music. ... Western swing, also known as Country Swing, is dance music with an up-tempo beat and a decidedly Southwestern US regional flavor. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Country music

Country music evolved along somewhat the same lines as folk, but achieved much more mainstream success. Jug bands and other influences (including Hawaiian steel guitar, folk and the country blues) coalesced in the 1930s development of honky tonk, a rough form of country music. Country music, also called country and western music or country-western, is an amalgam of popular musical forms developed in the Southern United States, with roots in traditional folk music, Celtic Music, Blues, Gospel music, and Old-time music. ... A jug band is a band employing a jug player and other traditional and homemade instruments, such as rhythm guitar, washtub bass, washboard, jug, mandolin, spoons, and kazoo. ... State nickname: The Aloha State Official languages Hawaiian and English Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Governor Linda Lingle (R) Senators Daniel Inouye (D) Daniel Akaka (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 43rd 28,337 km² 41. ... A Dobro style resonator guitar Steel guitar, strictly speaking, refers to a method of playing using a metal slide (or steel) on a guitar played horizontally, with the strings uppermost. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... Honky tonk was originally the name of a type of bar common throughout the southern United States, also Honkatonk or Honkey-tonk. ...

At the beginning of the century, rural whites from Appalachia were known as hillbillies, and their music soon came to be called hillybilly music. Protestant churches like the Old Regular Baptists and Holiness Pentecostal used music in their services, and this was one of the biggest influences on hillbilly music. Appalachian Region of the U.S. Appalachia is a mostly rural, partly urbanized, and partly industrialized region in and around the Appalachian Mountains in the Eastern United States. ... Hillbilly is a pejorative nickname for people who dwell in remote, rural, mountainous areas. ... Protestantism is a movement within Christianity, representing a split from within the Roman Catholic Church during the mid-to-late Renaissance in Europe —a period known as the Protestant Reformation. ... History Most Regular Baptists merged with the Separate Baptists near the beginning of 19th century. ...

Hillbilly music was not widely recorded until the 1920s. Bristol, a city on the Virginia and Tennessee border, was the site of a two week recording session in 1927 that led to the discovery of the two biggest names in hilbilly music: The Carters and Jimmie Rodgers. The Carters were a trio playing autoharp and guitar, with clear, strong vocals and harmonies, while Rodgers sang a more worldly, blues-influenced music that has been called country blues. Rodgers sold millions of records in the 1930s During this period, hillbilly music became big business, and musicians began endorsing products as well as dding new instruments, like fiddles, banjos, mandolins and Hawaiian steel guitar. Some other important musicians of this era include Gid Tanner & the Skillet Lickers and Charlie Poole & the North Carolina Ramblers. Sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or primarily in North America and in Australia as the Roaring Twenties . In Europe it is sometimes refered to as the Golden Twenties. ... Bristol is a city located in Sullivan County, Tennessee. ... State nickname: Old Dominion Official languages English Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Governor Mark R. Warner (D) Tim Kaine (D-Governor Elect) Senators John Warner (R) George Allen (R) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 35th 110,862 km² 7. ... State nickname: Volunteer State Official languages English Capital Nashville Largest city Memphis Governor Phil Bredesen (D) Senators Bill Frist (R) Lamar Alexander (R) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 36th 109,247 km² 2. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Maybelle, A.P. and Sara The Carter Family was a rural country music group that performed and recorded between 1927 and 1943. ... James Charles Jimmie Rodgers (September 8, 1897 -– May 26, 1933) was the first country music superstar. ... An Autoharp The Autoharp is a zither-like musical string instrument having a series of chord bars attached to dampers which, when depressed, mute all the strings other than those that form the desired chord. ... A guitar is a stringed musical instrument. ... The blues is a vocal and instrumental form of music based on a pentatonic scale and a characteristic twelve-bar chord progression. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... The violin is a stringed musical instrument that has four strings tuned a fifth apart. ... Old 6-string zither banjo 4-string banjos The banjo is a stringed instrument of African-American origin, early or original examples sometimes being called the gourd banjo. Its name is commonly thought to be derived from the Kimbundu term mbanza. ... The examples and perspective in this article do not represent a worldwide view. ... State nickname: The Aloha State Official languages Hawaiian and English Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Governor Linda Lingle (R) Senators Daniel Inouye (D) Daniel Akaka (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 43rd 28,337 km² 41. ... A Dobro style resonator guitar Steel guitar, strictly speaking, refers to a method of playing using a metal slide (or steel) on a guitar played horizontally, with the strings uppermost. ...

By the 1940s, brother duets, in which two brothers sang harmony with precision and clarity, had become popular and were known as close harmony. The Blue Sky Boys, Delmore Brothers, Monroe Brothers and, especially, the Louvin Brothers, were the most popular brother duet pairs. // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Close harmony is an arrangement of the notes of chords within a narrow range, typically one octave. ... Alton (1908-1964) and Rabon Delmore (1916-1952), billed as The Delmore Brothers, were country music pioneers and stars of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1930s. ... The Louvin Brothers were Charlie and Ira Louvin, an American duo best-known as the popularizers of close harmony, a kind of country music. ...