Vienna has long been an important center of musical innovation. 18th and 19th century composers were drawn to the city due to the patronage of the Habsburgs, and made Vienna the European capital of classical music. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven and Johann Strauss II, among others, were associated with the city. During the Baroque period, Slavic and Hungarian folk forms influenced Austrian music. Vienna's status began its rise as a cultural center in the early 1500s, and was focused around instruments including the lute. Inhabitants according to official census figures: 1800 to 2005 Vienna in 1858 UN complex in Vienna, with the non-affiliated Austria Center Vienna in front - picture taken from Danube Tower in nearby Danube Park. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ... Classical music is a broad, somewhat imprecise term, referring to music produced in, or rooted in the traditions of, European art, ecclesiastical and concert music, encompassing a broad period from roughly 1000 to the present day. ... Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart; January 27, 1756 – December 5, 1791) was a prolific and highly influential composer of Classical music. ... 1820 portrait by Karl Stieler Ludwig van Beethoven (pronounced ) (baptized December 17, 1770[1] – March 26, 1827) was a German composer and pianist. ... Johann Strauss II The Waltz King coming to life in the Stadtpark, Vienna Johann Strauss II (German: Johann Strauß (Sohn), Johann Strauss (son); in English also Johann Strauss the Younger, Johann Strauss Jr. ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens. ... Distribution of Slavic peoples by language Countries inhabited predominantly by Slavic peoples The Slavic peoples are a linguistic and ethnic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly in Europe. ... Folk music, in the original sense of the term, is music by and for the common people. ... ---- Events and Trends Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa Spanish arrive in present-day Gulf of Mexico External links 1500-1524 Events 1500-1509 Events Categories: 1500s ... The lute is a plucked string instrument with a fretted neck and a deep round back. ...

Classical music

During the 18th century, the classical music era dominated European classical music, and the city of Vienna was an especially important city for musical innovation. Three composers arose, making lasting innovations: Ludwig von Beethoven's symphonic patterns, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's balance between melody and form, and Joseph Haydn's development of the string quartet and sonata. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... The Classical period in Western music occurred from about 1730 through 1820, despite considerable overlap at both ends with preceding and following periods, as is true for all musical eras. ... Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptized December 17, 1770 – March 26, 1827) was a German composer of Classical music, the predominant musical figure in the transitional period between the Classical and Romantic eras. ... Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart; January 27, 1756 – December 5, 1791) was a prolific and highly influential composer of Classical music. ... Franz Joseph Haydn[1] (March 31 or April 1, 1732 – May 31, 1809) was one of the most prominent composers of the Classical period, called the Father of the Symphony and Father of the String Quartet. A life-long resident of Austria, Haydn spent most of his career as a... The resident string quartet of the Library of Congress in 1963 A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string instruments—usually two violins, a viola and cello—or a piece written to be performed by such a group. ... Sonata (From Latin and Italian sonare, to sound), in music, literally means a piece played as opposed to cantata (Latin cantare, to sing), a piece sung. ...

The latter part of the 18th century saw the spread of piano, replacing the harpsichord. String ensembles and vocal music also spread, while the middle-class grew increasingly aware of music through the Enlightenment. In 1842, Otto Nicolai of the Imperial Opera House, announced the creation of what became the Vienna Philharmonic. A grand piano, with the lid up. ... Harpsichord in Flemish style; for more info, click the image. ... ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra (in German: Wiener Philharmoniker) is the best known orchestra in Austria and one of Europes major ensembles. ...

During this period, a division of music into popular compositions for entertainment and serious art music began. The line was initially not drawn so clearly, with most composers, like Franz Schubert, Johann Strauss and Joseph Lanner, writing for both fields. Of these, Strauss became the most popular composer of the era, and indeed, perhaps the first popular Austrian musician. Other serious composers included Anton Bruckner and Richard Wagner. Franz Peter Schubert (January 31, 1797 – November 19, 1828) was an Austrian composer considered to be both the last master of the Viennese Classical school and one of the earliest proponents of musical Romanticism. ... Johann Strauss is the name of three famous Austrian composers: Johann Strauss I (1804-1849), composer, popularizer of the waltz Johann Strauss II (1825-1899), composer, son of Johann I, known as the Waltz King Johann Strauss III (1866-1939), composer, son of Eduard Strauss See also: Strauss This is... Anton Bruckner (portrait by Josef Büche) Anton Bruckner (4 September 1824 – 11 October 1896) was an Austrian composer who wrote the majority of his mature music near the end of the Romantic era. ... Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner (May 22, 1813 – February 13, 1883) was an influential German composer, conductor, music theorist, and essayist, primarily known for his operas (or music dramas as he later came to call them). ...

Wagner's late romantic music was the single biggest influence on Austria's next major composer, Arnold Schönberg. His early compositions were Wagnerian, but he quickly abandoned the whole idea of major-minor tonality and began composing non-tonal compositions, beginning in 1908. This was controversial, and led composers like Hans Pfitzner and Richard Strauss to distance themselves from Schönberg, who did have followers, such as Anton von Webern and Alban Berg. Arnold Schoenberg, Los Angeles, 1948 Schoenberg redirects here. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Hans Pfitzner (May 5, 1869 - May 22, 1949) was a German composer and self-described anti-modernist. ... Richard Strauss Richard Strauss (June 11, 1864 – September 8, 1949) was a German composer of the late Romantic era, particularly noted for his tone poems and operas. ... Anton Webern (December 3, 1883 – September 15, 1945) was a composer of classical music and a member of the so called Second Viennese School. ... Portrait of Alban Berg by Arnold Schoenberg, c. ...

This division between tonal and non-tonal composers continued throughout the 20th century. Schönberg's followers included Roman Haubenstock-Ramati, Egon Wellesz, Friedrich Cerha and Ernst Krenek, while more conservative composers include Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Gottfried von Einem, Franz Schmidt and Joseph Marx. Egon Wellesz, Composer Egon Joseph Wellesz (October 21, 1885 – November 9, 1974) Austrian composer, teacher and musicologist, pupil of Arnold Schoenberg and student of Byzantine music. ... Friedrich Cerha (born 17 February 1926 in Vienna) is a Austrian composer and conductor. ... Ernst Krenek Ernst Krenek (August 23, 1900 – December 22, 1991) was an Austrian-born composer of Czech ancestry; throughout his life he insisted that his name be written Krenek rather than KÅ™enek, and that it should be pronounced as a German word. ... Erich Wolfgang Korngold (May 29, 1897 – November 29, 1957) was a composer. ... Gottfried von Einem (1918–) was an Austrian composer living in Germany. ... Franz Schmidt (December 22, 1874 – February 11, 1939) was an Austrian composer, cellist and pianist. ... Joseph Marx (b. ...

Schrammelmusik

The most popular form of modern Austrian folk music is Viennese schrammelmusik, which is played with an accordion and a double-necked guitar. Modern performers include Roland Neuwirth, Karl Hodina and Edi Reiser. Inhabitants according to official census figures: 1800 to 2005 Vienna in 1858 UN complex in Vienna, with the non-affiliated Austria Center Vienna in front - picture taken from Danube Tower in nearby Danube Park. ... A 24-bass piano accordion An accordion is a musical instrument of the handheld bellows-driven free reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as squeezeboxes. ... Different kinds of guitars The guitar is a fretted and stringed musical instrument, used in a wide variety of musical styles, and is also widely known as a solo classical instrument. ...

Schrammelmusik arose as a mixture of rural Austrian, Hungarian, Slovenian, Moravian and Bavarian immigrants crowded the slums of Vienna. At the time, waltzes and ländlers mixed with the music of the immigrants absorbing sounds from all over central and eastern Europe and the Balkans. The name Schrammelmusik comes from two of the most popular and influential performers in Schrammelmusik's history, brothers Johann and Josef Schrammel. The Schrammels formed a trio called along with bass guitarist Anton Strohmayer and helped bring the music to the middle- and upper-class Viennese, as well as people from surrounding areas. With the addition of a clarinetist, George Dänzer, they formed the Schrammel-Quartett, and Schrammelmusik's form settled on a quartet. Flag of Moravia Moravia (Czech and Slovak: Morava; German: ; Hungarian: ; Polish: ) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic. ... The Free State of Bavaria  (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... The waltz (G.: Walzer, It. ... The ländler is a folk dance in 3/4 time which was popular in Austria, south Germany and German Switzerland at the end of the 18th century. ... Two soprano clarinets: a Bâ™­ clarinet (left) and an A clarinet (right, with no mouthpiece). ...

Neuwirth is a younger performer who has incorporated foreign influences, most especially the blues, to some criticism from purists. Blues music redirects here. ...

Alpine New Wave

Alpunk (Alpine punk) is a genre of punk rock from the Alpine regions of Germany, Switzerland and Austria. Alpunk fuses the chaotic, energetic rhythms of punk music to the accordion-based folk music which the region is famous for. (Now we know what Hell must sound like) Musical genres are categories which contain music which share a certain style or which have certain elements in common. ... Punk rock is an anti-establishment music movement beginning around 1976 (although precursors can be found several years earlier), exemplified and popularised by The Ramones, the Sex Pistols, The Clash and The Damned. ... The West face of the Petit Dru above the Chamonix valley near the Mer de Glace. ... A 24-bass piano accordion An accordion is a musical instrument of the handheld bellows-driven free reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as squeezeboxes. ... Folk music, in the original sense of the term, is music by and for the common people. ...

Though there has been little popular fame, the Austrian band Attwenger had had some minor success with albums such as most and song. The former features drum beats from a drum machine and rapping in the Austrian dialect of German, while the latter has much longer pieces of up to 15 minutes' length. Attwenger (formed 1990) is a musical duo from Linz, Austria. ... Drum carried by John Unger, Company B, 40th Regiment New York Veteran Volunteer Infantry Mozart Regiment, December 20, 1863 Several American Indian-style drums for sale at the National Museum of the American Indian. ... A Boss DR-202 Drum Machine A drum machine is an electronic musical instrument designed to imitate the sound of drums and/or other percussion instruments. ... Popular West Coast rapper Snoop Dogg performing for the US Navy. ... In Austria, there is no unitary Austrian Germanic dialects are spoken. ...

Another group performing in a similar vein is Extremschrammeln, who perform original songs in both German and English over slightly more traditional music. Big hits include "Der Weg Ist Weit Nach Floridsdorf" ("It's a Long Way to Floridsdorf") and "Fantastisch Elastisch" ("Fantastic Elastic").

The world famous comedian, Alf Poier, has also dabbled in AlPunk. He has had moderate success with classic songs such as "Tui Tui Tat", "Weil Der Mensch Zahlt" and "Flieger". However, Mr Poier has also branched out into a broader range of music including Pseudo-Frictionless Owl Rock. This involves dressing up in elaborate clothes and using birdcages to capture the audiences' imagination. However many anti-austrian activists believe that this brand of Owl Rock encourages violence among young people. Alf Poier however disagrees...and is quoted to have saying "The people know, but they do not understand".

Ländler

The ländler is a folk dance in 3/4 time which was popular in Austria, south Germany and German Switzerland at the end of the 18th century. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... The time signature (also known as meter signature) is a notational device used in Western musical notation to specify how many beats are in each bar and what note value constitutes one beat. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...

It is a dance for couples which strongly features hopping and stamping. It was sometimes purely instrumental and sometimes had a vocal part, sometimes featuring yodelling. Yodeling (or Yodelling) is a form of singing that involves rapidly switching from the chest voice to the head voice making a high-low-high-low sound. ...

When dance halls became popular in Europe in the 19th century, the ländler was made quicker and more elegant, and the men shed the hobnail boots which they wore to dance it. It is thought to have evolved into the waltz. Dance hall in its general meaning is a hall for dancing. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hobnail may refer to: a short nail with a thick head: used to increase the durability of boot soles. ... The waltz (G.: Walzer, It. ...

A number of classical composers wrote ländler including Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert. In several of his symphonies Gustav Mahler replaced the scherzo with a ländler. The Carinthian folk tune quoted in Alban Berg's Violin Concerto is a ländler, and another features in Act II of his opera Wozzeck. The "German Dances" of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Joseph Haydn also resemble ländler. Britten's Peter Grimes features a Ländler in the scene where a dance night is occurring in the Hall. Classical music is a broad, somewhat imprecise term, referring to music produced in, or rooted in the traditions of, European art, ecclesiastical and concert music, encompassing a broad period from roughly 1000 to the present day. ... A composer is a person who writes music. ... 1820 portrait by Karl Stieler Ludwig van Beethoven (pronounced ) (baptized December 17, 1770[1] – March 26, 1827) was a German composer and pianist. ... Franz Peter Schubert (January 31, 1797 – November 19, 1828) was an Austrian composer considered to be both the last master of the Viennese Classical school and one of the earliest proponents of musical Romanticism. ... A symphony is an extended piece of music for orchestra, especially one in the form of a sonata. ... This article cites its sources but does not provide page references. ... A scherzo (plural scherzi) is a name given to a piece of music or a movement from a larger piece such as a symphony. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Carinthia, today state coat The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: KoroÅ¡ka) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918. ... Portrait of Alban Berg by Arnold Schoenberg, c. ... Alban Bergs Violin Concerto was written in 1935 (the score is dated August 11, 1935). ... The Teatro alla Scala in Milan. ... Wozzeck is the first opera by the Austrian composer Alban Berg (1885-1935). ... Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart; January 27, 1756 – December 5, 1791) was a prolific and highly influential composer of Classical music. ... Franz Joseph Haydn[1] (March 31 or April 1, 1732 – May 31, 1809) was one of the most prominent composers of the Classical period, called the Father of the Symphony and Father of the String Quartet. A life-long resident of Austria, Haydn spent most of his career as a... Peter Grimes is an opera by Benjamin Britten, with a libretto adapted by Montagu Slater from George Crabbes poem The Borough. ...

Yodel

Yodeling is a type of throat singing which developed in the Alps. In Austria, it was called juchizn and featured the use of both nonlexical syllables and yells which were used to communicate across mountains. From Austria, it spread into Bavaria, Switzerland and elsewhere. Yodeling (or yodelling) is a form of singing that involves singing an extended note which rapidly and repeatedly changes in pitch from the vocal chest register (or chest voice) to the head register (or head voice), making a high-low-high-low sound. ... Throat singing, also known in the western world as overtone singing, harmonic singing, or harmonic chant; and many other regional names, is a type of singing that manipulates the harmonic resonances (or formants) created as air travels through the human vocal folds and out the lips. ... The West face of the Petit Dru above the Chamonix valley near the Mer de Glace. ... The Free State of Bavaria  (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ...

Yodels usually begin with a single voice melody, then joined by several more voices. The presence of an echo is vital to produce the correct sound. Look up echo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Echo may refer to: ECHO RULEZ THE KNOWN CB WORLD.. Echo (mythology), a nymph from Greek mythology. ...

See also

• Austrian folk dancing
• Music of Vienna
• Music of Innsbruck

External links

• Schrammel-Quartett (from www.aeiou.at)
• Austria information - Includes Austrian music, culture and food

References

• Wagner, Christopher. "The Alpunk Phenomenon". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East, pp 7-12. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0
• Wagner, Christopher. "Soul Music of Old Vienna". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East, pp 13-15. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0