Like the surrounding Balkan countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina has had a turbulent past marked by frequent foreign invasions and occupation. As a result, Bosnian music is now a mixture of ethnic Bosniak, Greek , Roma (Gypsy), Turkish, Hungarian and Macedonian influences. ... Bosniaks (natively: Bošnjaci) are South Slavs descended from those who converted to Islam during the Ottoman period (15th-19th century). ... The Roma people (singular Rom; sometimes Rroma, Rrom), often referred to as Gypsies, are a heterogeneous ethnic group who live primarily in Southern and Eastern Europe, Western Asia, Latin America, southern states of North America and the Middle East. ...

History

During its period as a part of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina was covered in state-supported amateur musical ensembles called Cultural-Artistic Societies (Kulturno-Um(j)etnička Društva, KUDs) which played Bosnian root music and released a few recordings on local labels. Official language Serbo-Croatian, Serbian, Croatian, Slovenian, Bosnian, Macedonian Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Area (1991)  - Total  - % water Ranked xxst 255,804 km² Negligible Population  - Total (2004)  - Density Ranked xxth 20,522,972 80/km² Currency Yugoslav dinar Time zone  - in summer CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) National anthem...

Traditional music

Sevdalinka

Main article: Sevdalinka Sevdalinka is a genre of folk music originating from Bosnia and Herzegovina. ...

Bosnia and Herzegovina has probably retained the most marked Turkish influence that can be seen in the popular urban music called sevdalinka. It is a kind of emotional folk song, typically led by a vocalist accompnied by the accordion along with snare drums, upright bass, guitars, clarinets or violins. Sevdalinka is a mixture of Turkish and Bosnian music, especially Muslim religious melodies called ilahije alongside Jewish songs like "Kad ja pođoh na Benbašu", the unofficial anthem of the city of Sarajevo. Sevdalinkas are traditionally performed with a saz, a Turkish string instrument. Though not as common as it once was, traditional sevdalinka singers like Kadir Kurtagić, Emina Ahmedhodžić, Hasim Muhamerović and Muhamed Mesanović-Hamić are still popular to the extent that their recordings are available. A button accordion An accordion is a musical instrument of the handheld bellows-driven free reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as squeezeboxes. ... The snare drum or side drum is a tubular drum made of wood or metal with skins, or heads, stretched over the top and bottom openings. ... Side and front views of a modern double bass with a French bow. ... A guitar is a musical instrument characterized by its visually dominant body and neck. ... Two soprano clarinets: a Bâ™­ clarinet (left) and an A clarinet (right, with no mouthpiece). ... The violin is a bowed stringed musical instrument that has four strings tuned a perfect fifth apart, the lowest being the G just below middle C. It is the smallest and highest-tuned member of the violin family of string instruments, which also includes the viola and cello. ... Jews (Hebrew: יהודים, Yehudim) are followers of Judaism or, more generally, members of the Jewish people (also known as the Jewish nation, or the Children of Israel), an ethno-religious group descended from the ancient Israelites and converts who joined their religion. ... Sarajevo (Cyrillic: Сарајево) is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, located at 43°52N and 18°25E. According to a 1991 census, its population was 529,672; currently estimated at around 400,000. ... Saz player BaÄŸlama or saz is a musical instrument family from Persia which is very popular in Turkey. ... A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a musical instrument that produces sound by means of vibrating strings. ...

More modern performers like Safet Isović, Himzo Polovina, Zaim Imamović and Hanka Paldum have used non-native instruments, including the accordion, clarinet, violin and guitar, to some derision from purists. Safet Isović (born 1936, in Bileća, Bosnia and Herzegovina) is a very prominent and popular sevdalinka performer. ... Himzo Polovina (1927-1986, Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina) was a Bosnian psychiatrist, most famous for collecting and performing sevdalinka songs. ... Zaim Imamović (born 26 August 1920 in Mrkonjić Grad, Bosnia and Herzegovina, died 2 February 1994 in Sarajevo) was a very popular sevdalinka performer and was many considered him the best sevdalinka performer ever. ... Hanka Paldum (born in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina) is a popular folk and sevdah singer. ... A button accordion An accordion is a musical instrument of the handheld bellows-driven free reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as squeezeboxes. ... Two soprano clarinets: a Bâ™­ clarinet (left) and an A clarinet (right, with no mouthpiece). ... The violin is a bowed stringed musical instrument that has four strings tuned a perfect fifth apart, the lowest being the G just below middle C. It is the smallest and highest-tuned member of the violin family of string instruments, which also includes the viola and cello. ... A guitar is a musical instrument characterized by its visually dominant body and neck. ...

This kind of music is known to been existed when the Ottomans arrived.

Sadly, now a days the young generation doesn't listen to these kinds of songs , which is the first music of Bosnian, but rather listen to rap and pop music.The most important performer of the sevdah music nowdays is Mostar Sevdah Reunion Mostar Sevdah Reunion is musical ensemble from Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina playing almost exclusively sevdalinka and gypsy music. ...

Ilahije i Kaside (Religious Songs)

Ilahije are religious songs that came after or before sevdalinkas. These songs usually deal with religion, but some of them tell tales of how two lovers (male and female) come together.

Some ilahije singers are Aziz Alili, Burhan Šaban and Mensur Malkić also known as 3 Hafisa.

Bosnian Root Music

Main article: Bosnian Root Music

Bosnian root music (izvorna bosanska muzika) came from the Drina valley and Kalesija. It is usually performed by singers with two violinists and a šargija player. These bands first appeared around World War I and became popular in the 1960s. This is the third oldest music following after the sevdalinka and ilahija. Now it is the most popular form of music in Bosnia only. The Drina is a river on the border of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia and Montenegro. ... Coat of Arms Kalesija is a town and municipality in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Å argija -(shar-ghee-ya) is a plucked, long necked lute used in Bosnian folk music. ... Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead:5 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:8 million Military dead:4 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:7 million The First World... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...

• Braća Babajić
• Halid Music
• Sateliti
• Salcine Meraklije
• Zvuci Podrinja
• Refkini Ahbabi

Rural folk traditions in Bosnia include the shouted, polyphonic ganga and ravne pjesme (flat song) styles, as well as instruments like a droneless bagpipe, wooden flute and sargija. Sateliti is a Bosnian Root music group formed in 1989. ... Polyphony is a musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodic voices, as opposed to music with just one voice (monophony) or music with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords (homophony). ... Ganga is a type of singing from rural Croatia and Herzegovina. ... A bagpipe performer in Amsterdam. ... The Flute (Ger. ... Å argija -(shar-ghee-ya) is a plucked, long necked lute used in Bosnian folk music. ...

Urban Bosnian music has a much more pronounced Turkish musical influence, using the saz and melismatic singing. The gusle, an instrument found throughout the Balkans, is also used to accompany ancient epic poems. There are also Bosnian folk songs in Ladino, derived from the area's Jewish population. History (Timeline and Samples) Genres: Alternative - Classical - Dance - Folk - Hip hop - Jazz - Military - Ottoman - Pop - Religious - Rock Music awards Kral - MÜ-YAP - MGD Charts Powerturk 40 - Kral 20 Annual festivals Istanbul International Music Festival - Istanbul International Jazz Festival - Ankara IMF - Izmir European Jazz Festival Media Bant magazine - Mix! - Adante - BlueJean... Saz player Bağlama or saz is a musical instrument family from Persia which is very popular in Turkey. ... An attribute of some Islamic and Gregorian chants, it is the style of singing several notes to one syllable of text. ... Serbian Gusle The Gusle or gusla (Serbian: Гусле, Bulgarian: Гусла, Croatian: Gusle) is a single-stringed instrument used in the Balkans and on the Dinarides area. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article deals with the Judaeo-Spanish language. ...

Modern folk

"Modern" folk (referred to as "novokomponovana narodna muzika" ("newcomposed music") for a while, although the term went out of use in favor of simply "narodna" or "folk"). It is based on various influences, including sevdalinka and music of Serbia, Turkey and Republic of Macedonia, often with incorporated elements of pop music. During the time of former Yugoslavia, the genre developed jointly in Bosnia and Serbia, and performers from both sides of today's borders still enjoy certain popularity on the other side. "Turbo folk" as phenomenon mostly originated in Serbia, but has also left the influence in modern folk of Bosnia. Motto: None Anthem: Bože Pravde Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Official language(s) Serbian Government • President • Prime Minister Republic Boris Tadić Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Independence Part of Serbia and Montenegro Area  - Total    - Water (%)   88,361 km² (112th if ranked) 34,166 sq mi  N/A Population  - 2005 est. ... Motto: (Macedonian: Слобода или Смрт) (English: Liberty or death) Anthem: Macedonian: Денес Над Македонија (Transliteration: Denes Nad Makedonija) (Translation: Today Over Macedonia) Capital Skopje Largest city Skopje Official language(s) Macedonian1 Government President Prime Minister Parliamentary republic Branko Crvenkovski Vlado Bučkovski Independence Declared From Yugoslavia September 8, 1991 Area  - Total    - Water (%)   25,333 km² (146th... For the 1979 song by M, see Pop Muzik. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all south Slavic languages, in Serbian and Macedonian Cyrillic Југославија) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ... Turbo-folk is a musical sub-genre that originated in the Balkans during early 1990s. ...

See also:

• Kemal Malovčić
• Halid Bešlić
• Halid Muslimović
• Haris Džinović

Halid Bešlić Halid Bešlić (born 20 November 1953) is a popular folk singer in Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Haris Džinović (born 26 September 1951) is Bosnian folk singer. ...

Classical music

Main article: Bosnian classical music

Bosnian composers of European classical music include Edin Dino Zonić, Mirsad (Giga) Jelesković, Dušan Bogdanović and Goran Bregović. Classical music is a broad, somewhat imprecise term, referring to music produced in, or rooted in the traditions of, European art, ecclesiastical and concert music, encompassing a broad period from roughly 1000 to the present day. ... Dušan Bogdanović at Guitar Art Festival - Belgrade 2004 [1] A composer, improvisor and guitarist, Dusan Bogdanovic (Dušan Bogdanović) has explored musical languages which are reflected in his style today: a unique synthesis of classical, jazz and ethnic music. ... Goran Bregović (born March 22, 1950) is one of the most recognizable modern composers of the Balkans. ...

Rock music

Main article: Bosnian rock The rock music of Bosnia and Herzegovina mostly developed during the time when Bosnia was part of socialist Yugoslavia. ...

Rock music has been very popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the mid-20th century. Popular and influential rock bands and artists have included Indexi, Bijelo Dugme, Plavi Orkestar, Zabranjeno Pušenje, and others from the Sarajevo school of pop rock. Rock is a form of popular music, usually featuring vocals (often with vocal harmony), electric guitars, a bass guitar, and a strong back beat; other instruments, such as the saxophone, trumpet, and trombone are common in some styles, however, horns have been omitted from newer subgenres of rock music since... Indexi was a rock band from the former Yugoslavia. ... Cover of album Kad bi bio bijelo dugme Bijelo dugme (trans. ... Cover of album OO (Infinity) Plavi orkestar (in English: Blue Orchestra) is one of the more popular bands from the territory of former Yugoslavia. ... Zabranjeno Pušenje (phrase meaning Smoking is forbidden) were a Bosnian garage rock band founded in the 1980s. ... Zabranjeno Pusenjes 1984 Das Ist Walter album, with a traditional view of the city from the east as the cover art. ...

Electronic music

Main article: Bosnian electronic music

Bosnian electronic music has also been very popular in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the mid-20th century. Popular producers and artists include Adi Lukovac (Adi Lukovac & The Ornaments), Mirza (Mizi) Čaušević (Mental Escape), and Axa. Such producers and artists are responsible for various styles of electronic music such as drum'n'bass, trance music, breakbeat and industrial. AXA SA is a French insurance company engaged in financial protection and wealth management. ... Electronic music is a term for music created using electronic devices. ... Drum and bass (drum n bass, DnB) is an electronic music style. ... Trance is a style of electronic dance music that developed in the 1990s. ... Breakbeat (sometimes breakbeats or breaks) is a term used to describe a collection of sub-genres of electronic music, usually characterized by the use of a non-straighted 4/4 drum pattern (as opposed to the steady beat of house or trance). ...

See also:

• Adi Lukovac & The Ornaments
• Axa
• Mirza (Mizi) Čaušević

mentalEscape (real name Mirza Čaušević, often credited as Mizi Causevic) is a self-taught electronic music producer, sound engineer, multimedia designer publisher, remixer, photographer and digital artist. ...

Hip hop

Main article: Bosnian hip hop Hip hop is quite a new style of music for Bosnia and Herzegovina, but it has nevertheless proven very popular. ...

Hip hop musicis new to Bosnia and Herzegovina, but became very popular throughout the urban public with the famous rapper Edo Maajka, who is the most popular rapper in Bosnia-Herzegovina and most famous throughout the rest of the former Yugoslavia. Hip hop music (also referred to as rap or rap music) is a style of popular music. ... Edo Maajka. ...

See also:

• Bosnian Music Awards
• Edo Maajka

References

• Burton, Kim. "Sad Songs of Sarajevo". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.). "World Music Volume 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East", pp 31-35. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0.