In the United States, California is commonly associated with the film, music, and arts industries; there are numerous world-famous Californian musicians. Punk rock, country, hip hop, and heavy metal all developed partly in California. The United States is home to a wide array of regional styles and scenes. ... Alaska is a state of the United States. ... Alabama has played a central role in the development of both blues and country music. ... Arkansas is a Southern state of the United States. ... The Samoas are a Polynesian island chain, currently divided between the independent state of Samoa (formerly Western Samoa) and an American territory called American Samoa. ... Arizonas musical history has been heavily influenced by Mexican immigrants. ... Colorado is a state of the United States, and has a notable reputation for music. ... Connecticut is a state of the United States in the New England region. ... The music of Washington D.C. is known for two primary scenes, hardcore and associated derivatives and a hip hop-dance music hybrid called go go. ... Delaware is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. ... Floridas ethnic diversity has led to a myriad of musical styles from punk rock to salsa and heavy metal being popular in various parts of the state. ... The Sacred Harp, first published in 1844, was compiled and produced by Georgians Benjamin Franklin White and Elisha J. King. ... Guam is an unincorporated territory of the United States. ... The music of Hawai`i includes an array of traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. ... Music of Iowa Notable musicians from Iowa include Bix Beiderbecke and Greg Brown. ... Idaho has produced a number of musicians, including pop star Paul Revere and Doug Martsch of Built to Spill. ... Illinois, which includes Chicago, the third-largest city in the United States, has a wide musical heritage. ... The music of Indiana was strongly influenced by a large number of German and Irish immigrants who arrived in the 1830s. ... For many decades, Kansas has had a vibrant country and bluegrass scene. ... The Music of Kentucky is heavily centered on Appalachian folk music and its descendants, especially in eastern Kentucky. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... New England Conservatory of Music in Boston Massachusetts is a U.S. state in New England. ... Famous musicians from Maryland include Francis Scott Key, who wrote The Star-Spangled Banner and pop punksters Good Charlotte, from Waldorf. ... Maine is a state of the United States, located in New England. ... In Michigan, the city of Detroit has remained the capital of musical innovation for many years. ... The music of Minnesota has played a role in the historical and cultural development of Minnesota. ... St. ... The Northern Mariana Islands are an island chain dependency of the United States. ... Mississippi is best-known as the home of the blues, which developed among the freed African Americans in the latter half of the 19th century. ... Montana is a state of the United States. ... Most influentially, North Carolina country musicians like the North Carolina Ramblers helped solidify the sound of country in the late 1920s. ... The Music of North Dakota has followed general American trends over much of its history, beginning with ragtime and folk music, moving into big band and jazz. ... The state of Nebraska has spawned few big-name musicians, but has its own musical heritage. ... New Hampshire is a state of the United States, located in the New England region. ... New Mexico is a state of the Southwest United States. ... For most outsiders, Nevadan music is probably most closely associated with lounge singers like Wayne Newton playing in Las Vegas. ... The biggest superstar from New Jersey is probably Bruce Springsteen, who became a 1980s icon with complex lyrical stories about teens growing up in Freehold and other economically depressed areas of New Jersey. ... In the United States, New York City has long been a musical hub and, in some ways, the musical capital of the country. ... The most famous musicians from Ohio are probably Marilyn Manson, Dean Martin and Chrissie Hynde of The Pretenders; the 19th century composer Daniel Emmett, born in Ohio to a Virginian family, wrote many of the most popular songs in his era, including some that remain well-known. ... While the music of Oklahoma is relatively young, Oklahoma having been a state for less than a hundred years, it has a rich history and many fine musicians. ... Oregons music scene is most active in Portland and the college town of Eugene. ... The most famous musical innovaters to come out of Pennsylvania are perhaps the Philly sound in 1970s soul music, Gamble & Huff, The OJays, Teddy Pendergrass, Harold Melvin and The Delphonics, as well as jazz legends like Nina Simone and John Coltrane. ... The music of Puerto Rico has been influenced by African and European (especially Spanish) forms, and has become popular across the Caribbean and in some communities worldwide. ... Rhode Island is a state of the United States, located in the New England region. ... South Carolina is one of the Southern United States, and has produced a number of renowned performers of country, bluegrass and other styles. ... The United States state of South Dakota has an official state song, Hail! South Dakota, written by DeeCort Hammitt. ... The story of Tennessees contribution to American music is essentially the story of two cities: Nashville and Memphis. ... Texas has long been a center for musical innovation. ... Utah music has long been dominated culturally by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (the Mormons), although other groups have also played an important role. ... Virginias musical contribution to American culture has been diverse, and includes Piedmont blues musicians and later rock and roll bands, many centered around college towns like Blacksburg, Charlottesville (home of Dave Matthews Band) and Richmond. ... The Virgin Islands are partially controlled by the United Kingdom and the United States, and have had long-standing cultural ties to the island nations to the south as well as to various European colonialists. ... Vermont is a state in the United States. ... The U.S. state of Washington includes several major hotbeds of musical innovation. ... Perhaps the most influential musical output of Wisconsin came from Port Washington, Ozaukee County during the 1920s, when Paramount Records released a series of blues and jazz recordings. ... West Virginias folk heritage is a part of the Appalachian folk music tradition, and includes styles of fiddling and other techniques reminiscent of Scotch-Irish music. ... The first music of Wyoming was played by various Native Americans tribes in the present-day U.S. state of Wyoming. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Film is a term that encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. ... For other uses, see Music (disambiguation). ... The Arts is a broad subdivision of culture, comprised of many expressive disciplines. ... Punk rock is an anti-establishment music movement beginning around 1976 (although precursors can be found several years earlier), exemplified and popularised by The Ramones, the Sex Pistols, The Clash and The Damned. ... country music, see Country music (disambiguation) Country music, the first half of Billboards country and western music category, is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States. ... Hip hop music is a style of music which came into existence in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s. ... Heavy metal is a genre of music that emerged as a defined musical style in the 1970s, having its roots in hard rock bands which, between 1969 and 1974,[1] mixed blues and rock music to create a hybrid with a thick, heavy, guitar-and-drums-centered sound, characterised by...

Official symbols

The official state song of California is "I Love You, California", written by F. B. Silverwood and composed by Alfred F. Frankenstein of the Los Angeles Symphony Orchestra. It was designated the state song in 1951. Other songs, including "California, Here I Come", have also been candidates for additional state songs since 1951, but in 1988 the official standing of "I Love You, California" was confirmed. Each state in the United States (except New Jersey) has a state song, selected by the state legislature as a symbol of the state. ... Californias official state song I Love You, California was written by F. B. Silverwood, a Los Angeles merchant. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... California, Here I Come was written in 1924 by Bud De Sylva and Joseph Meyer. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

California also has an official fife and drum band, the California Consolidated Drum Band, which was so designated in 1997. Fife from the American Civil War A fife is a small, high-pitched, transverse flute that is similar to the piccolo, but louder and shriller due to its narrower bore. ... Drum carried by John Unger, Company B, 40th Regiment New York Veteran Volunteer Infantry Mozart Regiment, December 20, 1863 Several American Indian-style drums for sale at the National Museum of the American Indian. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The state's official folk dance is the square dance, which has been found in California since at least the Gold Rush. Square dance is often used as a general term for modern Western square dance. ... The California Gold Rush (1848 – 1855) started in January 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill. ...

Native American music

Main article: Native American music There are hundreds of tribes of Native Americans (called the First Nations in Canada), each with diverse musical practices, spread across the United States and Canada (excluding Hawaiian music). ...

Native Americans of many different kinds lived in California prior to the discovery of the New World by Europe. Most of the tribes were culturally related to each other, as well as to the Yuman-speaking peoples of Arizona and New Mexico. They use a relaxed vocal technique, in stark contrast to Native Americans from much of the rest of North America. The songs of this area are non-strophic, and are characterized by the use of a rise, a section of a song which is slightly higher in pitch than the rest of the song. This technique is absent or rare outside of the California-Yuman area, known only among some tribes on both coasts of North America. This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... Carte dAmérique, Guillaume Delisle, c. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The Yuman people are a group of Native American ethnic groups in the same language and cultural group as the Quechan (formerly known as Yuma). ... It has been suggested that Arizona Governors Mansion be merged into this article or section. ... Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area  Ranked 5th  - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²)  - Width 342 miles (550 km)  - Length 370 miles (595 km)  - % water 0. ... Strophic form, or chorus form, is a sectional and/or additive way of structuring a piece of music based on the repetition of one formal section or block played repeatedly. ...

In the late 19th century, Native American music began to be incorporated by classical composers throughout the country. In San Francisco, Carlos Troyer published compositions like Apache Chief Geronimo's Own Medicine song with a piano accompaniment by Troyer. He also later published two Zuni songs. Carlos Troyer, (January 12, 1837-July 26, 1920) born Charles Troyer, was an American composer known for his musical arrangements of traditional Native American melodies. ...

Early foreign influences

The earliest Spanish and English explorers in California encountered Native Americans and established missions to convert them to Christianity. Chanted prayers and hymns were often used, and choirs were eventually formed; many missions formed Native American choirs among recent converts. This article is becoming very long. ...

As California's European, Asian and African population increased in the 19th century, the state became the earliest West Coast territory admitted to the United States. As on the East Coast, music at the time was dominated by popular minstrel shows and the sale of sheet music. Performers included the Sacramento-born Hyers Sisters and Black Patti. The state's large Mexican population brought traditional folk guitar to California, including virtuoso Luis T. Romero. Chinese immigrants came to California to work on the transcontinental railroad and soon became a large minority in the state; the San Francisco Chinese Opera House was built in 1880, though two years later saw the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act in order to prevent more immigration. The visit of King Kalakaua of Hawaii in 1874 saw the Hawaiian national anthem, "Hawaii Ponoi" (written by the king) set to music by Henry Berger. In the 1880s, Carlos Troyer became a prominent composer, incorporating Spanish and Zuni influences. Polish composer Anton de Kontski's Polish Patrol and Awakening the Lion were also quite popular. For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Detail from cover of The Celebrated Negro Melodies, as Sung by the Virginia Minstrels, 1843 The minstrel show, or minstrelsy, was an American entertainment consisting of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music, performed by white people in blackface or, especially after the American Civil War, African Americans in blackface. ... Sheet music is written representation of music. ... Nickname: City of Trees Location of Sacramento in California County Sacramento Mayor Heather Fargo Area    - City 99. ... The Hyers Sisters were the first black musical-comedy opera couple. ... 1889 poster showing Matilda Sissieretta Joyner Jones. ... Folk music, in the original sense of the term, is music by and for the common people. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Nickname: The City by the Bay; Fog City Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California Coordinates: Country United States of America State California City-County San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom Area    - City 122 km²  (47 sq mi)  - Land 121. ... 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Chinese Exclusion Act may be: The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 passed in the United States in 1882 banning Chinese from entering American soil. ... David Kalākaua was elected by the legislature to assume the throne of the Kingdom of Hawai‘i upon the death of William Charles Lunalilo. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is evoking and eulogizing the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nations government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ... Henri Berger, standing in front, is the Father of the Royal Hawaiian Band, the oldest municipal band in the United States. ... // Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... Carlos Troyer, (January 12, 1837-July 26, 1920) born Charles Troyer, was an American composer known for his musical arrangements of traditional Native American melodies. ... The Zuni (also spelled Zuñi) or Ashiwi are a Native American tribe, one of the Pueblo peoples, most of whom live in the Pueblo of Zuñi on the Zuni River, a tributary of the Little Colorado River, in western New Mexico. ... Cover of sheet music for Awakening the Lion Anton de Kontski (1817-1899) was a Polish pianist and composer. ...

Spanish music in California

Manuela Garc was the most prolific performer recorded by Charles Fletcher Lummis

The Spanish missions in California has brought European music to the area. From the late 18th century to the late 19th century, many visitors to California remarked on the uniqueness of the Spanish language music in California. This music was distinctively Californian, different from both Mexican and Spanish music of the time (though many elements are found throughout these traditions). This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...

With the arrival of many Americans from the East Coast, as well as immigrants from as far away as China, however, Spanish folk music began to dwindle in popularity in California. Charles Fletcher Lummis, himself an immigrant to California, recorded many kinds of Spanish and Native American folk music for the Southwest Society of the Archaeological Institute of America. Charles Fletcher Lummis (b. ... The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) is a North American is a nonprofit organization devoted to the promotion of public interest in archaeology, and the preservation of archaeological sites. ...

Later in the 20th century, other revivalists like Gabriel Eulogius Ruiz and Al Pill helped keep Spanish-California traditions alive.

1950s and 60s

Bakersfield Sound

Main article: Bakersfield Sound The Bakersfield sound was a genre of country music developed in the mid- to late 1950s in and around Bakersfield, California, at bars such as The Blackboard. ...

In the 1950s and early 1960s, country music was dominated by the slick Nashville sound that stripped the genre of its gritty roots. The town of Bakersfield, California saw the rise of the Bakersfield sound as a reaction against Nashville, led by people like Buck Owens and future star Merle Haggard. The 1950s was the decade spanning from the 1st of January, 1950 to the 31st December, 1959. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... country music, see Country music (disambiguation) Country music, the first half of Billboards country and western music category, is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States. ... The Nashville sound in country music arose during the 1950s in the United States. ... Bakersfield redirects here. ... Buck Owens and the Buckaroos in a 1960s-era promotional postcard Alvis Edgar Buck Owens, Jr. ... Merle Ronald Haggard (nicknamed The Hag; born April 6, 1937 in Bakersfield, CA) is an American country music singer, guitarist and songwriter. ...

Surf rock

Main article: Surf rock In the early 1960s, one of the most popular forms of rock and roll was surf rock. ...

In the early 1960s, youth in southern California became enamored with surf rock groups, many instrumental, like The Beach Boys, Jan and Dean, The Chantays, and The Surfaris. Surf rock is said to have been invented by Dick Dale with his 1961 (see 1961 in music) album "Let's Go Trippin'". Surf rock's popularity ended in the mid-1960s with the coming of psychedelic music. The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... In the early 1960s, one of the most popular forms of rock and roll was surf rock. ... Instrumental rock is a type of rock and roll music which emphasises musical instruments, and which features no singing. ... The Beach Boys are an influential pop music band in rock and pop music history. ... Jan Berry (April 3, 1941, Los Angeles – March 26, 2004) and Dean Torrence (born March 10, 1940, Los Angeles) were a rock and roll duo popular from the late 1950s through the mid-1960s. ... The Chantays were a surf rock band from the early 1960s, best known for only one hit, the instrumental Pipeline (1963, see 1963 in music). ... The Surfaris were an American surf music band formed in Glendora, California in 1962. ... For the singer, see Dick Dale (singer) Dick Dale (born Richard Anthony Monsour on May 4, 1937, in Quincy, Massachusetts) is a pioneer of surf rock and one of the most influential guitarists of the early 1960s. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... See also: 1960 in music, other events of 1961, 1962 in music, 1960s in music and the list of years in music // Events January 15 - Motown Records signs The Supremes January 20 - Francis Poulencs Gloria is premiered in Boston February 12 - The Miracles Shop Around becomes Motowns first... Lets Go Trippin is a song by Dick Dale. ... Psychedelic music may refer to: Psychedelic rock, a subgenre of rock Psychedelic trance, a subgenre of trance Psychedelic folk, a subgenre of folk Psychedelic pop, a subgenre of pop Psychedelic soul, a subgenre of soul See also Acid breaks Acid house Acid jazz Acid punk Acid rap Acid rock Acid...

Psychedelic rock

Main article: Psychedelic music Psychedelic music may refer to: Psychedelic rock, a subgenre of rock Psychedelic trance, a subgenre of trance Psychedelic folk, a subgenre of folk Psychedelic pop, a subgenre of pop Psychedelic soul, a subgenre of soul See also Acid breaks Acid house Acid jazz Acid punk Acid rap Acid rock Acid...

The late 1960s saw San Francisco and Hollywood rise as the center for psychedelic rock and a mecca for hippies. Haight-Ashbury became a countercultural capital, and bands like Jefferson Airplane, Loading Zone, Quicksilver Messenger Service, Santana, The Charlatans, Big Brother & the Holding Company and the Grateful Dead helped to launch the blues- and folk-rock scene; other bands, like Moby Grape and The Flamin' Groovies used a more country-influenced sound, while Cold Blood incorporated R&B and Orkustra played a sort of freeform psychedelia. Of all these bands, the Grateful Dead were undoubtedly the longest-lasting of all. They continued recording and performing for several decades under the leadership of Jerry Garcia, experimenting with a wide variety of folk, country and bluegrass, and becoming a part of the jam band phenomenon. The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... ... Singer at contemporary Russian Rainbow gathering Hippie, occasionally spelled hippy, refers to a subgroup of the 1960s counterculture that began in the United States, becoming an established social group by 1965 before declining in the 1970s. ... Categories: US geography stubs | San Francisco neighborhoods ... Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the LSD-influenced psychedelic rock movement. ... Quicksilver Messenger Service was one of San Franciscos original psychedelic bands of the late 1960s. ... Carlos Augusto Alves Santana (born July 20, 1947), known simply as Carlos Santana or Santana, is a Grammy Award-winning Mexican-born American Latin rock musician and guitarist. ... The Charlatans was an influential psychedelic rock band that played a pivotal role in the development of the San Francisco scene in the 1960s. ... Janis Joplin on the cover of her posthumously-released live album In Concert Janis Lyn Joplin (January 19, 1943 - October 4, 1970) was an American blues-influenced rock and soul singer and occasional songwriter with a distinctive voice. ... The Grateful Dead were an American psychedelia-influenced rock band formed in 1965 in San Francisco. ... Moby Grape was an American roots rock and psychedelic rock group of the 1960s that was known for having all five members contribute to singing and songwriting, and who collectively merged elements of jazz, country, and blues together with rock. ... The Flamin Groovies were an American rock music band of the 1960s and 70s. ... Cold-blooded organisms, more technically known as poikilothermic, are animals that have no internal metabolic mechanism for regulating their body temperatures. ... Orkustra was a band that tried a synthesis between synfonic orchestra and psychedelic band. ... Jerome John Jerry Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was the lead guitarist and vocalist of the psychedelic rock band the Grateful Dead. ... Bluegrass music is considered a form of American roots music with its own roots in English, Irish and Scottish traditional music. ... The term jam band is commonly used to describe psychedelic rock-influenced bands whose concerts largely consist of bands reinterpreting their songs as springboards into extended improvisational pieces of music. ...

Hollywood's Sunset Strip area produced bands like The Byrds, The Doors, Love, Buffalo Springfield, and The Seeds. The Byrds went on to become a major folk-rock act, helping to popularize some of Bob Dylan's compositions and eventually launching the careers of folk-rockers like David Crosby and country-rock fusionist Gram Parsons. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Byrds (formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1964) were an American rock band. ... The Doors were an American rock band formed in 1965 in Los Angeles by keyboardist Ray Manzarek, vocalist Jim Morrison, drummer John Densmore, and guitarist Robby Krieger. ... Love was an American rock group of the late 1960s and early 1970s. ... Buffalo Springfield was a short-lived, yet highly original and influential, folk rock group that served as a springboard for the careers of Neil Young, Stephen Stills, Richie Furay and Jim Messina and is most famous for the song For what its worth . ... The Seeds were a 1960s rock and roll band whose raw and abrasive energy and simple, repetitive lyrics came to exemplify the garage rock style. ... Bob Dylans folk rock album, Blonde on Blonde Folk rock is a musical genre, combining elements of folk music and rock music. ... Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman on May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, musician and poet who has been a major figure in popular music for five decades. ... Image:Http://www. ... Gram Parsons (November 5, 1946 – September 19, 1973) was an American singer, songwriter, guitarist and pianist born Ingram Cecil Connor, III. A solo artist as well as a member of both The Byrds and The Flying Burrito Brothers, he is best known for a series of recordings which anticipate the...

Frank Zappa and Captain Beefheart, both from Antelope Valley, started their aggressively experimental music careers during the late 1960s. Frank Vincent Zappa[1] (December 21, 1940 – December 4, 1993) was an American composer, guitarist, singer, film director, and satirist. ... Don Van Vliet (born Don Glen Vliet on January 15, 1941 in Glendale, California) is a painter and retired musician, best known by the pseudonym Captain Beefheart. ...

The band Iron Butterfly is another noted California psychedelic band, coming out of San Diego. Iron butterfly is also a name for an options-trading strategy. ...

San Francisco psychedelic scene

This era began in about 1965, when The Matrix, the first folk club in San Francisco, opened; Jefferson Airplane, then a newly-formed and unknown band, performed that night. Later that year, a band known as The Warlocks became the Grateful Dead, performing at the Fillmore, which was to become a major musical venue in the area. Jefferson Airplane became the first San Francisco psychedelic band signed to a major label, followed soon after by Sopwith Camel. In 1966, the first acid test was held, and the use of the drug LSD became a more prominent part of psychedelic rock, and music in general. One of the first albums from the scene was Country Joe and the Fish's Electric Music for the Mind and Body (1967). A year later, the band Blue Cheer released Vincebus Eruptum, which launched a national hit with a cover of Eddie Cochran's "Summertime Blues"; Blue Cheer is now regarded as a progenitor of heavy metal. The Matrix was a club in San Francisco in the late 1960s. ... The name Fillmore may refer to: Millard Fillmore, the thirteenth President of the United States. ... Sopwith Camel was a rock music band associated with the San Francisco psychedelic rock scene of the late 1960s. ... Acid Test can mean: The Acid Test festivals of the Merry Pranksters Acid Test (band), a rock quintet that featured vocalist and hHead collaborator Lucy Di Santo The Acid2 Cascading Style Sheets test Acid test is a phrase that can also refer to a foolproof test that will accurately determine... For other uses, see LSD (disambiguation). ... Country Joe and the Fish, from the cover of Feel Like Im Fixin to Die Country Joe and the Fish was a rock music/folk music band known for musical protests against the Vietnam War, from 1965 to 1970. ... Electric Music For The Mind And Body by Country Joe and the Fish was one of the first psychedelic albums to come out of San Francisco in 1967. ... Blue Cheer was a San Francisco-based rock group of the late 1960s and early 1970s, who helped to pioneer heavy metal music. ... Vincebus Eruptum is a psychedelic album by proto-heavy metal band Blue Cheer, released in January of 1968 (see 1968 in music). ... In popular music, a cover version, or simply cover, is a new rendition (performance or recording) of a previously recorded song. ... Eddie Cochran Edward Ray Eddie Cochran (October 3, 1938 – April 17, 1960) was an early American rockabilly musician and an important influence on popular music during the late 1950s and early 1960s. ... Summertime Blues (1958) is a classic and often-covered song by Eddie Cochran about the trials and tribulations of teenage life in America. ... Heavy metal is a genre of music that emerged as a defined musical style in the 1970s, having its roots in hard rock bands which, between 1969 and 1974,[1] mixed blues and rock music to create a hybrid with a thick, heavy, guitar-and-drums-centered sound, characterised by...

1970s and 80s

The early part of this era was dominated by country rock acts such as The Eagles and Poco, and singer-songwriters such as Jackson Browne and Joni Mitchell. There were also funk acts that were prominent such as War from the South Central (now South) district of Los Angeles, Sly and the Family Stone from San Francisco and Tower of Power from Oakland. Santana blended rock, jazz, funk and Latin music. This period also saw a number of difficult to classify acts arising who did not sell many records, but proved to be very influential on things to come, such as Kim Fowley and Captain Beefheart, both of whom had been active in the 1960s but reached their artistic peaks during this era, and Sparks, all from Los Angeles. Fowley would go on to manage and produce the all-female proto-punk group, The Runaways. Country rock is a musical genre formed from the fusion of rock and roll with country music. ... The Eagles are an American rock music group that originally came together in Los Angeles, California in the early 1970s. ... Poco is an American country rock band formed by Richie Furay (vocals and rhythm guitar) and Jim Messina (lead guitar and vocals) following the demise of Buffalo Springfield in 1968. ... Clyde Jackson Browne (born October 9, 1948) is an American rock musician, whose introspective lyrics made him the long-haired, Southern Californian poster child of the confessional singer-songwriter movement. ... Joni Mitchell, CC (born Roberta Joan Anderson on November 7, 1943) is a noted Canadian musician, songwriter, and painter. ... Funk is an African American musical style. ... War was a multiracial, multicultural American funk band of the 1970s from the Los Angeles area of California, known for the hit song Low Rider. Formed in 1969, War was the first and most successful musical crossover, fusing elements of rock, funk, jazz, Latin music, R&B, and even reggae. ... South Los Angeles South Los Angeles is the official name for a large geographic and cultural area lying to the south and southeast of downtown Los Angeles, California. ... Los Angeles, L.A., and LA redirect here. ... Sly & the Family Stone were an American rock band from San Francisco, California. ... Nickname: The City by the Bay; Fog City Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California Coordinates: Country United States of America State California City-County San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom Area    - City 122 km²  (47 sq mi)  - Land 121. ... Tower of Power is a horn-based soul band from Oakland, California. ... Oakland, founded in 1852, is the eighth-largest city in California[1] and the county seat of Alameda County. ... Carlos Augusto Alves Santana (born July 20, 1947), known simply as Carlos Santana or Santana, is a Grammy Award-winning Mexican-born American Latin rock musician and guitarist. ... Kim Fowley (born 1942) is an American pop and rock singer, songwriter, and record producer, best known for helping record the 1966 novelty record Theyre Coming to Take me Away, Ha Ha, recorded by Jerry Samuels under the name of Napoleon XIV. The B-side consisted of the A... Don Van Vliet (born Don Glen Vliet on January 15, 1941 in Glendale, California) is a painter and retired musician, best known by the pseudonym Captain Beefheart. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... Sparks is an American rock and pop music band formed in Los Angeles in 1970 by brothers Ron (keyboards) and Russell Mael (vocals). ... Protopunk is a term used to describe a number of performers who were important precursors of punk rock, or who have been cited by early punk rockers as influential. ... This article is about the 1970s band. ...

The Tubes, who mixed progressive rock with wild theatricality, were virtually the only act from San Francisco which would gain any sort of fame in the mid-1970s. The Tubes are a San Francisco-based theater rock band, popular in the late 1970s and early 1980s, legendary (and/or infamous) for early live performances that combined lewd quasi-pornography with wild satires of media, consumerism and politics. ... Progressive rock (sometimes shortened to prog, prog rock, or progrock) is a subgenre of rock music which arose in the late 1960s, reached the peak of its popularity in the 1970s, and has continued as a form of popular music to this day. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ...

Californians Stevie Nicks and Lindsey Buckingham joined Fleetwood Mac in the 1970's and were a key part of the band's multi-platinum success. Stephanie Lynn Stevie Nicks (born May 26, 1948) is an American singer and songwriter, best known for her work with Fleetwood Mac and a long solo career, which altogether has produced over 20 Top 40 hits. ... Lindsey Buckingham (born October 3, 1949) is an American guitarist and singer for the musical group Fleetwood Mac. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ...

Hair metal

Main article: Hair metal It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Classic Metal. ...

Hair metal arose along the Sunset Strip in Los Angeles in the 1980s with bands like Quiet Riot, Mötley Crüe, and later Poison and quickly became known for anthemic hard rock and power ballads, as well as band members' distinctively feminine make-up, hair, and clothing in spite of the scene's macho posturing. This scene would die out in the 1990s due to grunge and Britpop. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Classic Metal. ... The 1980s refers to the years of 1980 to 1989. ... Quiet Riot is an American heavy metal band, whose 1983 & 1984 success contributed to launching the 1980s glam metal scene. ... Mötley Crüe (IPA pronunciation: ) is a popular American rock band from Los Angeles, California. ... Poison is an American glam metal band which originally achieved popular success in the late 1980s and early 1990s. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Germans dancing on the Berlin Wall in late 1989, the symbol of the cold war divide falls down as the world unites in the 1990s. ... Grunge music (sometimes also referred to as the Seattle Sound) is an independent-rooted music genre that became a commercially successful offshoot of hardcore punk, thrash metal, and alternative rock in the late 1980s and early 1990s. ... Britpop was a British alternative rock genre and movement that was at its most popular in Great Britain in the mid 1990s. ...

Punk rock

Main article: California punk scene The California punk scene is a regional punk music scene that started in the late 1970’s and still exists today. ...

Los Angeles

Los Angeles' original late 70s punk scene received less press attention than their counterparts in New York or London, but it included cult bands The Screamers, The Germs, The Weirdos, The Dils, The Bags and X. The Screamers were a punk rock group active in the Los Angeles, California area in the late 1970s. ... The Germs were a punk rock band from Los Angeles in the late 1970s. ... The Weirdos were a punk rock band from Los Angeles, California. ... The Dils were an American punk rock band of the late 1970s, originally from Carlsbad, California, and fronted by brothers Chip Kinman and Tony Kinman. ... The Bags were one of the first generation of punk rock bands to emerge out of Los Angeles. ... X on the cover of their 1997 collection Beyond and Back: The X Anthology. ...

Berkeley

Also in the mid-late 80's hardcore, pop punk, and ska punk bands gained a following with bands such as Operation Ivy (band), Crimpshrine, The Mr. T Experience, The Lookouts, Isocracy (band), Green Day, Plaid Retina, and later on AFI. These bands played at the infamous Gilman Street Project and released records of Lookout! Records. Operation Ivy was an influential ska punk band that originated from the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... Seminal Berkeley, California Punk rock band, featuring Jeff Ott, later lead singer of Fifteen, Paul Curran, and Aaron Cometbus, the author of the zine Cometbus Song writer and drummer for many bands, most notably Pinhead Gunpowder. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Lookouts were a punk rock band that existed from 1985 to 1990 on Iron Peak, a remote rural mountain community outside of Laytonville, California. ... Isocracy was a Berkeley-area punk band which predated Green Day and which was one of the key bands in the MRR/Gilman Street project. ... Green Day is an American rock band consisting of three core members: Billie Joe Armstrong (guitar, lead vocals), Mike Dirnt (bass) and Tré Cool (drums). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... AFI (A Fire Inside) is an American rock band from Ukiah, California. ... Located at 924 Gilman Street in Berkeley, California, the Gilman Street Project is a volunteer-run, all-ages music and performance art venue. ... Lookout! Records is an independent record label based in Berkeley, California. ...

Hardcore

Main article: Hardcore punk Hardcore punk is a subgenre of punk rock which originated in the United States of America in the late 1970s. ...

South Bay

In the South Bay, American hardcore punk was born with bands like Black Flag and the Minutemen, who formed in the mid- to late 1970s. San Pedro, Hermosa Beach, Wilmington, Manhattan Beach and Hawthorne spawned more locally famous acts like Red Cross, who would later incorporate garage rock, power pop and glam influences into their sound and change their name to Redd Kross, The Last, Circle Jerks, The Skrews, Saint Vitus, The Descendents, and Saccharine Trust. The famous movie about the hardcore scene, The Decline of Western Civilization, was shot in this area, largely in an abandoned church in Hermosa called the Creative Craft Center. The movement fell out of popularity around the Mid 80's. The late 80's/early 90's saw a revival in the South Bay punk scene with punk bands like Bad Religion and Pennywise under the Epitaph Records label. The South Bay and surrounding regions in Southern California The South Bay is a region in the southwest peninsula of Los Angeles County, California, United States. ... Hardcore punk is a subgenre of punk rock which originated in the United States of America in the late 1970s. ... Black Flag was a hardcore punk band formed in 1976 in southern California, largely as the brainchild of Greg Ginn, the guitarist, primary songwriter and sole continuous member through multiple personnel changes. ... The Minutemen were a punk rock band from San Pedro, California comprising singer/guitarist D. Boon, singer/bassist Mike Watt and drummer George Hurley. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... San Pedro is a community within Los Angeles, California, annexed in 1909 and a major seaport of the area. ... Hermosa Beach is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. ... General Phineas Banning Wilmington, California is a neighborhood of Los Angeles, with industry as its primary economical activity. ... Manhattan Beach is a city located in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, USA. The population was 33,852 at the 2000 census. ... Hawthorne is a city located in southwestern Los Angeles County, California. ... The Anarchist Black Cross was originally called the Anarchist Red Cross. The band Redd Kross was originally called Red Cross. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Power pop is a long-standing musical genre that draws its inspiration from 1960s British and American pop music. ... The acronym LAMP (or L.A.M.P.) refers to a set of free software programs commonly used together to run dynamic Web sites or servers: Linux, the operating system; Apache, the Web server; MySQL, the database management system (or database server); Perl, PHP, Python, and/or Primate (mod mono... Redd Kross, an alternative rock/garage rock/power pop/cover version band from Hawthorne, California had their roots in 1978 in a band called The Tourists begun by Jeff and Steve McDonald while the brothers were still in middle school. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Circle Jerks are a punk rock band formed circa 1979 in Hermosa Beach, California. ... Saint Vitus is known as one of the first doom metal bands, starting out as early as in the late 70s. ... The classic Descendents lineup left to right, Frank Navetta, Tony Lombardo, Milo Aukerman, and Bill Stevenson. ... This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... The Decline of Western Civilization is a rockumentary film directed by Penelope Spheeris about the Los Angeles punk rock scene in 1979 and 1980. ... The South Bay and surrounding regions in Southern California The South Bay is a region in the southwest peninsula of Los Angeles County, California, United States. ... Bad is a hardcore punk/punk rock band that was originally formed in Southern California in 1980 by Jay Bentley (bass), Greg Graffin (vocals), Brett Gurewitz (guitars) and Jay Ziskrout (drums). ... For the Stephen King creature, see It (monster). ... Epitaph Records is a Hollywood, California based record label owned by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz. ...

Los Angeles

Youth Brigade of Los Angeles were a group from LA who eventually became known for founding the Better Youth Organization (BYO), which advanced the hardcore scene and humanist ideals. Other Los Angeles-area hardcore and punk groups included Wasted Youth, UXA, The Mua Mau's, The Gears, Black Flag, The Circle Jerks,Vom(Featuring rock critic Richard Meltzer), Dr. Know (featuring former child star Brandon Cruz), Legal Weapon and The Mentors (originally from Seattle), along with future underground stars NOFX. Youth Brigade can refer to two different punk music groups. ... Los Angeles, L.A., and LA redirect here. ... The Better Youth Organization was a promoter of punk rock shows and a record label in Los Angeles, California run by Mark Stern and his brother Shawn Stern, from Beverly Hills. ... Wasted Youth, a Canadian magazine Wasted Youth, an American band in early 80s Wasted Youth, a British band in early 80s Category: ... Black Flag was a hardcore punk band formed in 1976 in southern California, largely as the brainchild of Greg Ginn, the guitarist, primary songwriter and sole continuous member through multiple personnel changes. ... For the masturbatory practice see mutual masturbation. ... Dr. Know is the stage name of Gary Miller, guitarist for Bad Brains. ... Brandon Edwin Cruz (born May 28, 1962 in Bakersfield, California) was a child actor and is a musician. ... The Mentors is a heavy metal band, who formed in 1978 in Seattle, then moved to Los Angeles in 1979. ... City nickname Emerald City City bird Great Blue Heron City flower Dahlia City mottos The City of Flowers The City of Goodwill City song Seattle, the Peerless City Mayor Greg Nickels County King County Area   - Total   - Land   - Water   - % water 369. ... NOFX is a Skate punk band from the Bay Area, California, United States, formed in 1983. ...

Orange County

In Orange County, the band Middle Class, from Santa Ana, was probably the most influential; their "Out of Vogue" is sometimes considered the first hardcore recording. The original hardcore bands in Orange County came from the Fullerton area, where The Adolescents, Agent Orange and Social Distortion formed. Social Distortion would later incorporate blues, country and early rock influences into their sound and become one of America's premier roots rock bands. Farther south, Huntington Beach was also an influential center of hardcore, and is known as the origin of slamdancing. Huntington bands like Vicious Circle, True Sounds of Liberty and The Crowd had a reputation for being aggressive and sometimes violent, while Uniform Choice, a somewhat later band, became known as one of the few prominent straight edge band from the West Coast. Another Orange County band of note is The US Bombs fronted by Duane Peters. True Sounds of Liberty (TSOL) was perhaps the most infamous for violence, and for an abrupt and unpopular change towards proto-Gothic rock and, much later, Aerosmith-style heavy metal as the scene developed; future underground stars The Vandals evolved from TSOL's eventual breakdown. Other Orange County bands included Suicidal Tendencies, (who were from Venice but were associated with Orange County hardcore), China White, Shattered Faith, and Channel 3. The Dils were originally from Orange County but later relocated to San Francisco. In Long Beach another band was formed called Sublime. Official website: http://www. ... Middle Class were one of the first Hardcore bands in history. ... Location of Santa Ana within Orange County, California. ... Location of Fullerton within Orange County, California, USA Country United States State California County Orange Mayor Leland Wilson Area    - City 22. ... The Adolescents are a punk band formed in 1980 in Fullerton, California. ... Agent Orange is a punk rock band from Fullerton, California. ... Social Distortion (often known as Social D or SxDx) is a punk band that originally formed in 1978 by frontman Mike Ness. ... The blues is a vocal and instrumental form of music based on the use of the blue notes and a repetitive pattern that typically follows a twelve-bar structure. ... country music, see Country music (disambiguation) Country music, the first half of Billboards country and western music category, is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States. ... Nickname: Surf City Location of Huntington Beach within Orange County, California. ... This article is about the type of dance. ... Vicious Circle is an album released in 1995 by L.A. Guns. ... TSOL is a punk band from California. ... The Crowd an influential and acclaimed American film released in 1928, and nominated for the Academy Award for Unique and Artistic Production that same year. ... Uniform Choice is an Orange County, California hardcore punk band fronted by Pat Dubar. ... For the drawing or cutting tool, see Straightedge. ... Gothic rock (also called goth rock or goth) is a genre of rock music that originated during the late 1970s. ... Aerosmith is a prominent American rock band, often regarded as Americas Greatest Rock and Roll Band. ... The Vandals are an American punk rock band formed in 1980 in Huntington Beach, California and currently recording for Kung Fu Records. ... Suicidal Tendencies are a hardcore punk band formed in 1982 in Venice, California. ... Venice Beach and Boardwalk Venice, California, is a district of the city of Los Angeles, California. ... A type of snortable street heroin; in reality it is reported to frequently consist of a fentanyl. ... Shattered Faith is a novel written by Trevor Mark that accounts a great war between an extraterrestrial race called the Shaak, from the moon Titan, and humans. ... Independent Television (ITV) is the name given to the original network of British commercial television broadcasters, set up to provide competition to the BBC. The original ITV channel has now been rebranded as ITV1 by ITV plc (the operator of the Channel 3 franchises in England and Wales). ... The Dils were an American punk rock band of the late 1970s, originally from Carlsbad, California, and fronted by brothers Chip Kinman and Tony Kinman. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Sublime was an American band from Long Beach, California. ...

San Francisco

Main article: San Francisco hardcore San Francisco had a hardcore punk scene that was a bit more humorous and playful than other, more raw scenes of the 1980s. ...

Outside of New York, London, and Cleveland, San Francisco probably had the earliest punk scene, at least as far back as 1976. The scene was aided by San Francisco's infamous laid back attitude towards alternative lifestyles, and the legendary record label Alternative Tentacles. Crime and The Nuns were first, followed by Chrome, The Mutants, VKTMS, The Contractions, Angst, The Sleepers, Pop-O-Pies, Sick Pleasure (aka Code of Honor), Crucifix, Negative Trend, The Avengers (band), SSI, Flipper and Pink Section. The most influential San Francisco hardcore band was the Dead Kennedys, whose frontman, Jello Biafra, became a noted social activist even after the band's dissolution (Biafra is also noted as the inventor of stagediving). Many hardcore bands moved to San Francisco, including legends MDC, as well as DRI, The Dicks and Rhythm Pigs (all from Texas). Nickname: The City by the Bay; Fog City Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California Coordinates: Country United States of America State California City-County San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom Area    - City 122 km²  (47 sq mi)  - Land 121. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Alternative Tentacles is an independent record label based in San Francisco, California and was established in 1979. ... The Nuns was a punk rock band in San Francisco in the 1980s and 1990s. ... Chrome may refer to: Chrome is a song from Debbie Harrys debut solo album Koo Koo. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Crucifix were a hardcore punk band in the 1980s from Berkeley, California. ... The Avengers were a California based punk band in the first wave of punk. ... Flipper is an influential punk/noise band from San Francisco, California, formed in 1979, continuing on in often erratic fashion until the mid-1990s, then reuniting in 2005. ... The Dead Kennedys (often known by their initials DK, as in decay) are a hardcore punk band from San Francisco, California. ... Eric Reed Boucher (born June 17, 1958), better known by the stage name Jello Biafra, is an American punk rock musician and political activist best known as the former lead singer and song writer of the Dead Kennedys. ... Stage diving is the act of getting onto the stage at a concert while a band is playing—usually heavy metal or punk rock—and then diving into the crowd below, hoping they will catch you. ... MDC are a punk band formed in Austin, Texas in 1979. ... DRI may stand for: Darden Restaurants, Inc. ... The Dicks are a band considered influential in introducing the sound of hardcore punk, particularly in their home state of Texas. ... The Rhythm Pigs were a punk band, originially from El Paso, Texas, later relocated to San Francisco. ...

San Diego

The Neutrons gained limited success, eventually changing their name to Battalion of Saints. In the mid-90's Unbroken became a very influential hardcore band in not just San Diego, but California in general. More recently, bands like The Locust and Cattle Decapitation, all of which feature members prominent in the hardcore community in San Diego, have become increasingly popular on a world-wide basis. Unbroken was a hardcore punk band from San Diego, California. ... The Locust is an abrasive rock band from San Diego, California. ... Cattle Decapitation is a San Diego, California-based Grindcore outfit. ...

San Fernando

Also of note is the band Bad Religion, who hailed from the western San Fernando Valley and were only marginally associated with hardcore punk rock from the South Bay area. The punk scene in the eastern San Fernando Valley was closely tied in with that of nearby Hollywood and produced bands such as The Dickies, Fear, and The Angry Samoans.The band Iconoclast, Public Nuisance, and some members of Circle One also hailed from this area. Public Nuisance were affiliated with a gang of punk rockers known as the Circle One Family. Bad is a hardcore punk/punk rock band that was originally formed in Southern California in 1980 by Jay Bentley (bass), Greg Graffin (vocals), Brett Gurewitz (guitars) and Jay Ziskrout (drums). ... A view of the San Fernando Valley looking west from Brand Park in Glendale The San Fernando Valley or The Valley is an urbanized valley in Southern California, United States. ... The picture cover of the Dickies 1979 Banana Splits (Tra La La Song) UK single The Dickies were amongst the first punk rock bands to emerge from Los Angeles, the first Californian punk band to appear on network television and the first Californian punk band to be signed to a... Fear is a punk band from Los Angeles, California that formed in 1977 and still performs. ... The Angry Samoans are an early-ish Los Angeles punk band, formed by rock critics Metal Mike Saunders and Gregg Turner. ...

Berkeley

Berkeley, California experienced a hardcore boom led by Fang. Berkeley also saw hardcore fusing with heavy metal to form thrash metal and bands like Possessed, Faith No More, Metallica, and Exodus. Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in northern California, in the United States. ... the money will roll right in. ... Thrash metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music, one of the extreme metal subgenres, that is characterised by its high speed and aggression. ... Possessed were a seminal death/thrash metal band formed in 1983 in El Sobrante, California, a San Francisco Bay Area suburb. ... Faith No More was a highly influential experimental alternative rock / metal group that formed in San Francisco, California in 1982 and disbanded in 1998. ... Metallica is an American heavy metal band, formed on October 28, 1981. ... Exodus is an American thrash metal band formed in 1982 in San Francisco, California, by Kirk Hammett, Tom Hunting, Paul Baloff and Gary Holt. ...

Also in the mid-late 80's Hardcore, Punk-Pop, and Ska-Punk bands gained a following with bands such as Operation Ivy, Crimpshrine, The Mr.T Experience, The Lookouts, Isocracy, Green Day, Plaid Retina, and later on AFI. Seminal Berkeley, California Punk rock band, featuring Jeff Ott, later lead singer of Fifteen, Paul Curran, and Aaron Cometbus, the author of the zine Cometbus Song writer and drummer for many bands, most notably Pinhead Gunpowder. ... The Lookouts were a punk rock band that existed from 1985 to 1990 on Iron Peak, a remote rural mountain community outside of Laytonville, California. ... In an Isocracy all citizens have equal political power. ... Green Day is an American rock band consisting of three core members: Billie Joe Armstrong (guitar, lead vocals), Mike Dirnt (bass) and Tré Cool (drums). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... AFI (A Fire Inside) is an American rock band from Ukiah, California. ...

San Jose

San Jose's most famous hardcore band was Whipping Boy, who played with local bands like Tongue Avulsion and The Faction.Also where the famed punk band RANCID started out!! Nickname: Capital of Silicon Valley Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... Whipping Boy was a hardcore punk band from Palo Alto, California. ... The Faction are a punk rock band from San Jose, California that is closely linked to the underground skateboarding culture. ...

Skacore

Main article: Skacore The third wave of ska music (ska punk, skacore) arose in the 1990s in the United States. ...

In the 1980s, skacore bands like Operation Ivy - two of whose members formed Rancid in the 1990s - became popular, primarily in southern California and in the Long Beach area. During the middle of the next decade, descendants like Sublime, Rancid, and Sugar Ray became mainstream sensations. The 1980s refers to the years of 1980 to 1989. ... The third wave of ska music (ska punk, skacore) arose in the 1990s in the United States. ... Operation Ivy was a ska punk band who originated from the East Bay of San Francisco. ... Rancid is a punk rock band, formed in 1991 in Berkeley, California, by Matt Freeman and Tim Armstrong (former members of Operation Ivy). ... Germans dancing on the Berlin Wall in late 1989, the symbol of the cold war divide falls down as the world unites in the 1990s. ... Nickname: The International City (on flag), Friendly City (in Latin on citys seal), or the LBC Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: Country United States State California County Los Angeles County Mayor Bob Foster Area    - City 170. ... Sublime was an American band from Long Beach, California. ... Sugar Ray is a rock band from Orange County, California. ...

Alternative rock

Main article: Alternative rock Alternative rock (also called alternative music[1] or simply alternative) is a genre of rock music that emerged in the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s. ...

At the same time that Gothic rock began in the United Kingdom, a parallel death rock scene evolved in Los Angeles out of the punk scene, with bands like 45 Grave and Christian Death. Gothic rock (also called goth rock or goth) is a genre of rock music that originated during the late 1970s. ... Death Rock (also spelled Deathrock) is a term used to identify a playfully spooky offshoot of Punk Rock which first appeared in Los Angeles during the late 1970s and early 1980s, then later merged with the New Wave and Glam influenced Batcave musical scene to form Gothic Rock. ... During 1979-1990 in Los Angeles, 45 Grave was born in the chaos of the punk movement and churned out their own brand of death rock. ... Christian Death formed in 1979, is a band name that originally applied to the pioneering Los Angeles deathrock group. ...

Inspired by bands like The Gun Club and Ohio transplants The Cramps, cowpunk bands such as Tex & the Horseheads, Blood On The Saddle, and The Lazy Cowgirls arose from Los Angeles in the 1980s. The Gun Club were a rock band from Los Angeles in the 1980s led by the flamboyant singer, ex-rock critic Jeffrey Lee Pierce. ... Official language(s) None Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Largest metro area Cleveland Area  Ranked 34th  - Total 44,825 sq mi (116,096 km²)  - Width 220 miles (355 km)  - Length 220 miles (355 km)  - % water 8. ... The Cramps are a band whose only permanent members have been Lux Interior (Erick Purkhiser) and Poison Ivy (Kristy Wallace), the lead singer and lead guitarist respectively. ... Cowpunk or Country Punk is a subgenre of punk rock that began in southern California in the 1980s, especially Los Angeles. ... The 1980s refers to the years of 1980 to 1989. ...

The Paisley Underground scene would arise out of Los Angeles in the mid-1980s around Redd Kross, The Three O'Clock (originally The Salvation Army), The Bangles, The Dream Syndicate and others. In a completely different vein, the Red Hot Chili Peppers also first came to national attention about the same time with their mix of punk, funk, rock, and theatricality, although they would not become a huge-selling act until the end of the decade. Paisley Underground is a term used to describe a genre of rock music, based primarily in Los Angeles, California, which was at its most popular in the mid-1980s. ... The Three OClock was a rock group associated with Los Angeles Paisley Underground scene in the early 1980s. ... The Bangles were one of the new generation of independent all-women bands that followed The Go-Gos in the early 1980s. ... Dream Syndicate was an influential guitar driven band from L.A. from 1981 to 1989. ... Red Hot Chili Peppers is an American rock band, formed in Los Angeles, California in 1983. ...

Santa Cruz spawned Camper Van Beethoven in the mid-1980s. Santa Cruz is the county seat and most-populated city of Santa Cruz County, California, United States. ... Camper Van Beethoven was founded in 1983 in Santa Cruz, California as an alternative rock, new wave music, and punk rock group. ...

Jane's Addiction would arise out of Venice in the late 1980s. Janes Addiction was an American rock band, named in reference to Jane Bainter, an ex-heroin addict who was a housemate of the band. ... The 1980s refers to the years of 1980 to 1989. ...

During the grunge era of the early 1990s, Los Angeles became less important nationally as a source of alternative rock, and bands like The Nymphs, The Hangmen and The Miracle Workers never got the attention they might have if from Seattle. The only internationally popular bands that came out of Los Angeles during this time were Hole and Stone Temple Pilots. Grunge music (sometimes also referred to as the Seattle Sound) is an independent-rooted music genre that became a commercially successful offshoot of hardcore punk, thrash metal, and alternative rock in the late 1980s and early 1990s. ... Germans dancing on the Berlin Wall in late 1989, the symbol of the cold war divide falls down as the world unites in the 1990s. ... Alternative rock (also called alternative music[1] or simply alternative) is a genre of rock music that emerged in the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s. ... The Nymphs, featuring the charismatic Inger Lorrie, were a short lived LA band that released one album on Geffen. ... The Hangmen are an American hard rock/heavy metal/punk rock band that formed in 1984 in Los Angeles, California by Bryan Small (vocals/guitar), Billy Catterson (guitar), Johnny D. Holliday (bass) and Lenny Montaya (drums). ... The Miracle Workers were a rock and roll band in the 1980s, who began as a garage rock revival band in Portland, Oregon and then moved to Los Angeles in 1986, upon which they incorporated more hard rock and alternative rock influences paralleling the grunge scene in Seattle. ... Hole was an alternative rock band that formed in Los Angeles in 1989 and disbanded in 2002. ... Stone Temple Pilots (abbreviated STP) was a popular rock band in the 1990s, comprised of Scott Weiland (vocals), brothers Robert (bass) and Dean DeLeo (guitar) and Eric Kretz (drums). ...

Thrash metal

Main article: Thrash metal Thrash metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music, one of the extreme metal subgenres, that is characterised by its high speed and aggression. ...

The Bay Area thrash scene was centered around San Francisco in the 1980s and 1990s. Bands associated with this scene include Metallica, Exodus, Vio-lence, Death Angel, D.R.I., Testament, Forbidden, Defiance. Thrash metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music, one of the extreme metal subgenres, that is characterised by its high speed and aggression. ... Metallica is an American heavy metal band, formed on October 28, 1981. ... Exodus is an American thrash metal band formed in 1982 in San Francisco, California, by Kirk Hammett, Tom Hunting, Paul Baloff and Gary Holt. ... // Vio-lence was a thrash metal band formed in 1985, that released few demo tapes, one EP and 3 LPs between 1985 and 1993. ... Death Angel is a Filipino-American thrash metal band from San Francisco, California. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Dirty Rotten Imbeciles. ... Testament (a. ... Forbidden is a rock band playing Thrash metal in the San Francisco Bay Area, part of the Bay Area Thrash scene, most popular in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. ... Look up Defiance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Hip hop

Main article: Hip hop music Hip hop music is a style of music which came into existence in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s. ...

Also during the 1980s, hip hop music flourished in Los Angeles and surrounding areas, especially Watts and Compton. Derived from New York City, hip hop drew upon primarily Jamaican and East Coast influences, though early 1970s black nationalist poets The Watts Prophets were also notable. Hip hop music is a style of music which came into existence in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s. ... Los Angeles, L.A., and LA redirect here. ... Watts is a residential district in southern Los Angeles, California. ... Nickname: The Hub City, CPT Location in the state of California County Los Angeles County Mayor Eric Perrodin Area    - City 26. ... Nickname: Big Apple, City that never Sleeps, Gotham Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613 Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City 1,214. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... The Watts Prophets are a group of musicians and poets from Watts, Los Angeles, California. ...

The earliest forms of Los Angeles hip hop were hardcore hip hop artists like Ice-T (whose mid-80s "6 'N Da Mornin'" is arguably the first West Coast gangsta rap track) and a kind of dance music called electro hop. Among the most popular electro hop groups was the World Class Wrecking Cru, which included future star Dr. Dre, among others. In 1988, Dr. Dre, along with Eazy-E and Ice Cube, released Straight Outta Compton under the name N.W.A. The album took many hip hop fans by surprise, as it single-handedly placed West Coast hip hop on the map and quickly moved gangsta rap into the mainstream. NaSs seminal debut, Illmatic, had a profound impact on East Coast hip hop during the mid-1990s. ... Tracy Marrow (born February 16, 1958)[1], better known by stage name Ice-T, is an American rapper, rock musician, author, and actor. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... The World Class Wreckin Cru was an American electro hop group, consisting of DJ Yella, Dr.Dre and Cli-N-Tel. ... André Romell Young (born February 18, 1965 in Los Angeles, California), better known by stage name Dr. Dre, is an influential Grammy Award-winning American record producer, hip hop producer, rapper, actor and record executive. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Eazy-E (Eric Wright) (September 7, 1963 - March 26, 1995) was an African-American rapper, record producer, and record executive who initially rose to fame as a member of the group N.W.A.. Born in Compton, California, Eazy-E dropped out of Compton High School while in tenth grade... Ice Cube (born OShea Jackson on June 15, 1969 in Los Angeles, California) is a rapper, actor and film director. ... Straight Outta Compton is an album by N.W.A. to see the film click here Straight Outta Compton (film). ... For other uses, see NWA. N.W.A. (Niggaz With Attitude) was a hip hop group that was formed in Compton, California in 1988, and disbanded in 1991. ... West Coast hip hop, also known as West Coast rap or California hip hop, is a style of hip hop music that originated in California in the 1980s. ... Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop music which involves a lyrical focus on the lifestyles of inner-city or da hood gang members and other criminals. ...

1990s and 2000s

Hip hop

Main article: West Coast hip hop West Coast hip hop, also known as West Coast rap or California hip hop, is a style of hip hop music that originated in California in the 1980s. ...

In 1992, Dr. Dre's solo debut, The Chronic, made West Coast hip hop and Death Row Records the dominant sound in hip hop, drawing primarily upon George Clinton's P-Funk for samples and the general, slow, lazy funk. Death Row Records soon acquired Tupac Shakur, Warren G and Snoop Doggy Dogg as a feud developed between the East and West Coasts. In the mid-90s, Shakur and his rival Notorious B.I.G. were both shot and killed. Death Row Records CEO Suge Knight was imprisoned, and most of the label's acts tried to leave. The lack of leadership helped put New York, Atlanta and New Orleans on the top of the hip hop charts. 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... The Chronic is the highly influential debut album from American rap producer Dr. Dre. ... Death Row Records is a record company that was founded in 1991 by Suge Knight and Dr. Dre, and was once home to some of raps biggest names, including: Dr. Dre, Snoop Doggy Dogg, Tupac Shakur and Tha Dogg Pound. ... George Clinton (born July 22, 1941) is an American musician, widely considered one of the forefathers of funk. ... P-Funk is an abbreviated, compound name for two bands, Parliament and Funkadelic. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Tupac Amaru Shakur (June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rap artist, actor, and poet. ... It has been suggested that G-Funk Entertainment be merged into this article or section. ... Snoop Dogg Calvin Cordozar Broadus (born October 20, 1971 in Long Beach, California) is a rap musician and actor. ... Hip-hop feuds and rivalries, often referred to as beefs, have existed since the 1970s. ... Christopher Wallace (May 21, 1972 - March 9, 1997), also known as Biggie Smalls (after a stylish gangster in the 1975 comedy, Lets Do it Again), but best known as The Notorious B.I.G. (Business Instead of Game). ... Marion Suge Knight, a. ...

In the 1990s, underground hip hop flourished in the San Francisco Bay Area. Early pioneers included Too $hort and E-40; their success helped pave the way for new performers like RBL Posse, whose 1992 "Don't Gimme No Bammer" achieved some crossover success. San Francisco's thriving underground rap scene, producing somewhat well known rappers such as Andre Nickatina. Germans dancing on the Berlin Wall in late 1989, the symbol of the cold war divide falls down as the world unites in the 1990s. ... USGS Satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... Too Short, or Too $hort, (born Todd Anthony Shaw on April 28, 1966) is a rapper who started his career in his hometown of Oakland, California. ... Earl Stevens (born November 15, 1967 in Vallejo, California), best known by his stage name E-40 is a Bay Area rapper. ... RBL Posse (short for Ruthless By Law) is a rap group from the Hunters Point district of San Francisco, California. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

Indie rock

Main article: Indie rock Indie rock is a subgenre of rock music often used to refer to bands that are on small independent record labels or that arent on labels at all. ...

The early 1990s saw the emergence of Pavement, an influential indie rock band from Stockton. In the mid-1990s, Beck came out of the Silver Lake (a neighborhood in Los Angeles) indie rock scene. Los Angeles has also produced the folky singer-songwriter Ross Altman. Pavement was an American indie rock band in the 1990s. ... City nickname: Californias Sunrise Seaport City slogan: Stocktons Great, Take A Look! County: San Joaquin Area code: 209 ZIP code: 952xx Area:  - Total  - Water 144. ... For other uses, see Beck (disambiguation). ... Silver Lake is a Los Angeles neighborhood east of Hollywood. ... The term singer-songwriter refers to performers who both write and sing their own material. ...

The early 2000s have seen the emergence of Black Rebel Motorcycle Club from San Francisco and The Quarter After, Scarling., Autolux, Giant Drag, Brian Jonestown Massacre, and the Warlocks from Los Angeles. This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Black Rebel Motorcycle Club are an American rock and roll band from San Francisco, California, now based in Los Angeles. ... Rob Campanella and Anton Newcombe 2005 Rob Campanella is a multi- talented musician, best know for being a Los Angeles producer, engineer, and his current band The Quarter After // The Quarter After The Quarter After, hail from Los Angeles, although their music has more to do with the spirit of... Scarling. ... Autolux is an American band from Los Angeles, Ca. ... Giant Drag is a Californian Indie rock duo, composed of singer/guitarist Annie Hardy and a simultaneous drummer and synth-player. ... The Brian Jonestown Massacre is a psychedelic rock band founded in San Francisco, California in the early 1990s, led by Anton Newcombe. ... The Warlocks (Photo by thewarlocks. ...

Hardcore

During the 1990's, San Diego saw the emergence of Heroin, Antioch Arrow, and other innovative hardcore bands. Many released albums on the Gravity Records label. Heroin is considered the first true hardcore emo band, coming out of San Diego around 1991. ... Antioch Arrow, from California, was on the seminal hardcore/emo label Gravity Records, responsible for putting San Diego on the map in the mid-90s as one of the epicenters of the movement. ... Gravity Records is an influential underground independent San Diego record label. ...

Music festivals and organizations

California hosts many well-known music festivals in a wide variety of fields, including the Stern Grove Festival, California WorldFest, Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Santa Barbara Old-Time Fiddlers Convention, Summer Solstice Folk Music, Dance and Storytelling Festival, San Luis Obispo Mozart Festival, Redwood Coast Jazz Festival, San Francisco Free Folk Festival, Strawberry Music Festival, Wild Iris Folk Festival, Live Oak Music Festival, Adams Avenue Roots Festival, High Sierra Music Festival, Topanga Banjo & Fiddle Contest and the Claremont Spring Folk Festival. The Monterey Pop Festival, held in 1967, is perhaps the most famous concert in California's history; the show launched the international careers of performers like Jimi Hendrix, The Who, Otis Redding and Janis Joplin. Music organizations in the state include the Musical Heritage Society, Community Arts Music Association, Arrowhead Music Association, San Diego Friends of Old-Time Music, Intersection Folk Dance Center, California Traditional Music Society, Kumu Hula Association of Southern California, Southern California Uilleann Pipers Club, and the Celtic Regional Arts Institute of California. There is also an organization that gives out California Music Awards. Other institutions include the Center for World Music and the WorldBeat Cultural Center in San Diego and the Scandinavian music center Northern California Spelmanslag in Mendocino. Established in 1938, the Stern Grove Festival is an admission-free performing arts event held during the summer months at Stern Grove, a eucalyptus-wooded natural amphitheater on a 33-acre site at 19th Avenue and Sloat Blvd. ... The Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival (also commonly referred to as simply Coachella) is a two-day annual music festival held at the Empire Polo Fields in Indio, California. ... July 5 - 8, 2006 Plumas-Sierra Fairgrounds, Quincy CA High Sierra Music has been producing world-class music festivals since 1991. ... Poster promoting the festival The Monterey International Pop Music Festival took place from June 16 to June 18, 1967. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... The Who are an English rock band who first came to prominence in the 1960s and grew in stature to be considered one of the greatest rock n roll bands of all time[1][2][3]. Except for periods of retirement from 1983 to 1988 and from 1990 to 1995... Otis Ray Redding, Jr. ... Janis Lyn Joplin (January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American blues-influenced rock singer and occasional songwriter with a highly distinctive voice. ... The Community Arts Music Association (CAMA) of Santa Barbara is the oldest community arts organization in Santa Barbara and, arguably, the oldest such organization in the United States. ... Nordic music includes a diverse array of popular, folk and classical styles found in a number of Northern European, especially Scandinavian, countries. ...

Classical music in California

California has a number of established orchestras, including the San Francisco Symphony (1911), Pasadena Symphony Orchestra, Vallejo Symphony Orchestra, Fremont Symphony Orchestra, Oakland East Bay Symphony (formed in 1988 by combining two older organizations), Inland Empire/Riverside County Philharmonic, San Diego Chamber Orchestra, San Bernardino Symphony Orchestra (1929), Peninsula Symphony Orchestra (1949), Santa Rosa Symphony (1928), Monterey Symphony Association, and the Bakersfield Symphony Orchestra (1932). The Los Angeles Philharmonic Association, founded in 1919 by the wealthy philanthropist William Andrews Clark, Jr., is one of the most prestigious symphonies in the country. The Redlands Symphony Orchestra, established in 1950, is another prominent orchestra, having been the state's highest rated orchestra by the California Arts Council for several years. The San Luis Obispo Symphony, founded in 1954, is known internationally, having toured Spain. Logo. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Los Angeles Philharmonic is an orchestra based in Los Angeles, California, USA. From 1964 to 2003, the orchestra played its concerts in the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion of the Los Angeles Music Center. ... William Andrews Clark, Jr. ... California Arts Council Logo The California Arts Council, in the U.S. state of California, was established in 1976. ...

20th century avant garde composer John Cage was born in Los Angeles. Other notable composers from California include Henry Cowell, Harry Partch and Terry Riley. The Loves of Zero 35 mm film by Robert Florey 1927 Avant-garde in French means front guard, advance guard, or vanguard. ... John Cage For the character of John Cage from the TV show Ally McBeal see: John Cage (Character) John Milton Cage (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American experimental music composer, writer and visual artist. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... Henry Cowell (March 11, 1897 - December 10, 1965) was an American composer, musical theorist, pianist, teacher, publisher, and impresario. ... Harry Partch (June 24, 1901 – September 3, 1974) was an American composer. ... Terry Riley – (Portrait by Betty Freeman) Terry Riley (born 24 June 1935) is an American composer associated with the minimalist school. ...

References

• Blush, Steven. American Hardcore: A Tribal History. Feral House. 2001. ISBN 0-922915-717-7
• Nettl, Bruno. Folk and Traditional Music of the Western Continents. Prentic Hall. Prentice Hall. Inglewood, New Jersey. 1965.

External links

• California Music Awards (formerly the Bammies)
• collection of 19th century Californian sheet music
• California Worldfest (an annual gathering of world musicians)
• WPA recordings of 1930s folk music from California
• The California Traditional Music Society
• California Association for Music Education
• timeline of psychedelic rock in San Francisco
• collection of California sheet music